Antenna module and electronic equipment
By designing an interdigital structure between the first and second radiators in a 5G mobile phone, antenna coverage across multiple frequency bands can be achieved, solving the problem of antenna design complexity and improving antenna efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422746408.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-11
AI Technical Summary
In 5G phones, as the screen-to-body ratio increases, the antenna clearance area decreases, making the design of antennas for multiple different frequency bands more complex and challenging.
By forming an interdigital structure between the first and second radiators, the target operating frequency band is coupled to achieve antenna coverage of multiple different frequency bands without the need for additional antenna design.
The design space for the antenna has been optimized, the design difficulty of the antenna has been reduced, and the antenna efficiency has been improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN223566871U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of antennas, and in particular to an antenna module and an electronic device. BACKGROUND
[0002] The fifth generation mobile communication technology 5G is the latest generation of cellular mobile communication technology, which is an extension of 4G (LTE-A, WiMax), 3G (UMTS, LTE) and 2G (GSM) systems. The performance targets of 5G are high data rate, reduced latency, energy saving, cost reduction, increased system capacity and large-scale device connection. With the gradual completion of the 5G network, the living standards of users are increasingly improved, and the requirements for communication devices are also increasingly high. Accordingly, 5G intelligent electronic devices such as mobile phones are increasingly popular with users, thereby making communication of users more intelligent and convenient.
[0003] Currently, mobile phones pay more and more attention to the experience of users, and the screen ratio is one of the most important experiences of users. Currently, the screen of a smart phone is getting larger and larger. As can be seen from the calculation formula of the screen ratio, the larger the screen is, the larger the screen ratio is, and the more beneficial the user experience is. A full-screen mobile phone has a narrower top and tail area and a narrower frame. In the case of no change in the size of the whole machine, reducing the frame of the mobile phone screen, increasing the length-width ratio, and increasing the screen ratio, users can have a larger screen use experience. However, the full-screen also brings many problems to the whole machine of the mobile phone, such as the front camera, fingerprint recognition, earpiece, distance sensor, and antenna that need to be adjusted and designed. As an important component of a mobile phone for receiving and transmitting signals, the antenna is more affected.
[0004] Among them, the antenna used for receiving and transmitting signals is a key part in wireless communication. Although the physical structure of the antenna is relatively simple, its design and construction are complex, involving all aspects of the internal environment of the mobile phone, and many factors need to be considered. In the related art, for the current 5G mobile phone with a high screen ratio, the antenna clearance area is relatively small (for example, 1.5mm and below), and the antenna design environment is relatively complex, and it is difficult to design multiple antennas of different frequency bands at the same time. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to solve the above technical problems, and the present application provides an antenna module and an electronic device, which is beneficial to optimize the design space of the antenna, thereby reducing the design difficulty of the antenna.
[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna module applied to an electronic device, comprising:
[0007] A first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, the first antenna unit comprising a first radiator, and the second antenna unit comprising a second radiator;
[0008] the first interdigital structure, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are coupled to form a target operating frequency band;
[0009] the first antenna unit has a first frequency band, the second antenna has a second frequency band, and the target operating frequency band is different from the first frequency band and the second frequency band.
[0010] In some embodiments, the second antenna unit further comprises a parasitic branch, and opposite ends of the second radiator and the parasitic branch form a second interdigital structure.
[0011] In some embodiments, the antenna module further comprises:
[0012] a radio frequency chip, the radio frequency chip being located on a mainboard of the electronic device;
[0013] the first radiator is provided with a first feeding point and at least one first grounding point, the first feeding point being electrically connected to the radio frequency chip;
[0014] wherein the first feeding point and the first grounding point are connected through the first radiator to form an IFA antenna for the first antenna unit.
[0015] In some embodiments, the second radiator is provided with a second feeding point, and the parasitic branch is provided with at least one second grounding point, the second feeding point being electrically connected to the radio frequency chip.
[0016] In some embodiments, the antenna module further comprises:
[0017] a first tuning switch, the second feeding point being connected to the radio frequency chip through the first tuning switch; and / or,
[0018] a second tuning switch, the second grounding point being grounded through the second tuning switch.
[0019] In some embodiments, the first feeding point, the first grounding point, the second feeding point and the second grounding point are all arranged away from the first interdigital structure.
[0020] In some embodiments, the first interdigital structure comprises at least four interdigitations.
[0021] In some embodiments, the set parameters of the first interdigital structure have a one-to-one correspondence relationship with the bandwidth of the target operating frequency band.
[0022] The set parameters include at least one of the length of the interdigitations, the width of the gap between adjacent interdigitations, and the number of the interdigitations.
[0023] In some embodiments, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit have different operating modes.
[0024] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising the antenna module of the first aspect.
[0025] The antenna module provided by the embodiments of the present application comprises: a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, the first antenna unit comprises a first radiator, and the second antenna unit comprises a second radiator; the first radiator and the second radiator form a first interdigital structure at opposite ends thereof, and the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are coupled to form a target operating frequency band through the first interdigital structure; the operating frequency band of the first antenna unit is a first frequency band, the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit is a second frequency band, and the target operating frequency band is different from the first frequency band and the second frequency band. Thus, the first interdigital structure is formed between the first radiator and the second radiator by designing the first radiator and the second radiator, and the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be coupled through the first interdigital structure when operating, and a target operating frequency band different from the first frequency band and the second frequency band can be generated. Therefore, multiple different operating frequency bands can be obtained without additional design of an antenna, which is conducive to optimizing the design space of the antenna and thus reducing the design difficulty of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.
[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings from these drawings without any creative effort.
[0028] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of an antenna module provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0029] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of another antenna module provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0030] Figure 3 A current distribution schematic diagram of an antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application when operating;
[0031] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of still another antenna module provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0032] Figure 5A waveform schematic diagram of antenna debugging provided by an embodiment of the present application.
[0033] Wherein, 11, the first antenna unit; 12, the second antenna unit; 111, the first radiator; 112, the second radiator; 113, the parasitic branch; 141, the first interdigital structure; 142, the second interdigital structure; 151, the first feed point; 152, the second feed point; 161, the first ground point; 162, the second ground point; 171, the first tuning switch; 172, the second tuning switch; 18, the radio frequency chip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not to limit the present application.
[0035] In the related art, for the current 5G mobile phone with a relatively high screen ratio, the antenna clearance area is relatively small, for example, 1.5mm and below, and the antenna design environment is relatively complex, and it is difficult to design multiple antennas of different frequency bands at the same time.
[0036] In view of the technical problems existing in the above related art, an antenna module is provided in the embodiments of the present application. The antenna module provided in the embodiments of the present application is designed by the first radiator and the second radiator, so as to form a first interdigital structure between the first radiator and the second radiator. When the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit work, the first interdigital structure can be coupled, and a target working frequency band different from the first frequency band (the first antenna unit covers the working frequency band) and the second frequency band (the second antenna unit covers the working frequency band) can be generated. Therefore, multiple different working frequency bands can be obtained without additional antenna design, which is beneficial to optimize the design space of the antenna, thereby facilitating to reduce the design difficulty of the antenna.
[0037] The antenna module and the electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application will be exemplarily described below in combination with the drawings.
[0038] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of an antenna module provided by an embodiment of the present application. Wherein, Figure 1 The antenna module in the above embodiment can be applied in an electronic device. As shown in Figure 1 The antenna module includes: a first antenna unit 11 and a second antenna unit 12, the first antenna unit 11 includes a first radiator 111, and the second antenna unit 12 includes a second radiator 112; the first interdigital structure 141 is formed at the opposite ends of the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112, and the target working frequency band is formed by coupling the first antenna unit 11 and the second antenna unit 12 through the first interdigital structure 141;
[0039] The first antenna element 11 operates in the first frequency band, the second antenna operates in the second frequency band, and the target operating frequency band is different from the first and second frequency bands.
[0040] Specifically, the first antenna element 11 is used to cover the first frequency band when it is working, and the second antenna element 12 is used to cover the second frequency band when it is working. This embodiment of the application designs the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 to form a [structure / structure] between the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112. Figure 1 The first interdigitated structure 141 shown can couple the first antenna unit 11 and the second antenna unit 12 when they are working, thereby generating the target operating frequency band.
[0041] For example, the first frequency band covered by the first antenna element 11 can be mid-to-high frequency, and the second frequency band covered by the second antenna element 12 can also be mid-to-high frequency. When the first antenna element 11 and the second antenna element 12 are working, a low-frequency operating frequency band can be generated through the coupling of the first interdigital structure 141.
[0042] Therefore, by forming a first interdigitated structure 141 between the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112, the embodiments of this application can generate target operating frequency bands that are different from the first frequency band and the second frequency band. Thus, the embodiments of this application can obtain multiple different operating frequency bands without additional antenna design, which is beneficial to optimizing the antenna design space and thus reducing the antenna design difficulty.
[0043] The antenna module provided in this application includes a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit. The first antenna unit includes a first radiator, and the second antenna unit includes a second radiator. The opposite ends of the first radiator and the second radiator form a first interdigital structure. The first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are coupled through the first interdigital structure to form a target operating frequency band. The operating frequency band of the first antenna unit is a first frequency band, and the operating frequency band of the second antenna is a second frequency band. The target operating frequency band is different from the first and second frequency bands. Therefore, by designing the first radiator and the second radiator, a first interdigital structure is formed between the first radiator and the second radiator. When the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are working, they can be coupled through the first interdigital structure to generate a target operating frequency band different from the first and second frequency bands. Thus, multiple different operating frequency bands can be obtained without additional antenna design, which is beneficial for optimizing the antenna design space and reducing the design difficulty of the antenna.
[0044] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second antenna unit 12 also includes a parasitic branch 113, and the opposite ends of the second radiator 112 and the parasitic branch 113 form a second interdigitated structure 142.
[0045] Specifically, by designing the second interdigital structure 142 between the second radiator 112 and the parasitic branch 113, the mutual coupling between the second radiator 112 and the parasitic branch 113 can make the second antenna unit 12 form a coupled antenna unit, which is conducive to optimizing the radiation efficiency of the second antenna unit 12.
[0046] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 The antenna module further includes: a radio frequency chip 18, which is located on a mainboard of the electronic device; the first radiator 111 is provided with a first feeding point 151 and at least one first grounding point 161, the first feeding point 151 is electrically connected with the radio frequency chip 18; the first feeding point 151 and the first grounding point 161 are connected through the first radiator 111, so that the first antenna unit 11 forms an IFA antenna.
[0047] The radio frequency chip 18 is connected with the first feeding point 151, the radio frequency chip 18 transmits a radio frequency signal to the first antenna unit 11 through the first feeding point 151, and the electromagnetic wave signal received by the first antenna unit 11 is input to the radio frequency chip 18 through the first feeding point 151.
[0048] The number of the first grounding points 161 can be determined according to actual conditions. For example, three to four first grounding points 161 can be provided on the first radiator 111, Figure 1 only one first grounding point 161 is shown in the example, and the specific number of the first grounding points 161 is not limited.
[0049] For example, as shown in Figure 1 The first feeding point 151 on the first radiator 111 can be electrically connected with the first grounding point 161, so that the first antenna unit 11 forms an IFA antenna (Planar Inverted F Antenna, planar inverted F antenna).
[0050] In some embodiments, the second radiator 112 is provided with a second feeding point 152, and the parasitic branch 113 is provided with at least one second grounding point 162, and the second feeding point 152 is electrically connected with the radio frequency chip 18.
[0051] Specifically, by providing the second feeding point 152 on the second radiator 112 and the second grounding point 162 on the parasitic branch 113, the distribution area of the radio frequency signal (current) of the second antenna unit 12 on the second radiator 112 and the parasitic branch 113 is wide, which is conducive to reducing the density of the current distribution, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the second antenna unit 12.
[0052] Figure 1Only one second grounding point 162 is exemplarily shown, and the specific number of the second grounding points 162 is not limited.
[0053] In some embodiments, Figure 2 Another structure schematic diagram of an antenna module is provided for the embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 2 The antenna module further comprises:
[0054] The first tuning switch 171 is connected between the second feeding point 152 and the radio frequency chip 18; and / or,
[0055] The second tuning switch 172 is connected between the second grounding point 162 and the ground.
[0056] Specifically, by setting the first tuning switch 171 and / or the second tuning switch 172, a plurality of different paths can be set in the first tuning switch 171 and / or the second tuning switch 172, and different inductances / capacitances can be set on each path. When the second antenna unit 12 is working, different paths can be switched on by switching the first tuning switch 171 and / or the second tuning switch 172, so as to achieve the effect of switching the working frequency band of the second antenna unit 12 to different bandwidths.
[0057] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2 The first feeding point 151, the first grounding point 161, the second feeding point 152 and the second grounding point 162 are all arranged away from the first interdigital structure 141.
[0058] Therefore, by arranging the first feeding point 151 and the first grounding point 161 away from the first interdigital structure 141, when the first antenna unit 11 works in the first frequency band, the current on the first radiating body 111 flows out to the interdigital area where the first interdigital structure 141 is located through the first feeding point 151 and the first grounding point 161.
[0059] In addition, by arranging the second feeding point 152 and the second grounding point 162 away from the first interdigital structure 141, when the second antenna unit 12 works in the second frequency band, the current of the second radiating body 112 and the parasitic branch 113 flows out to the interdigital area where the first interdigital structure 141 is located through the second feeding point 152 and the second grounding point 162. When the first antenna unit 11 and the second antenna unit 12 are coupled through the first interdigital structure 141, it is beneficial to realize a wider current distribution area, i.e., a smaller current distribution density, and a more balanced current distribution, so that the problem of excessively high SAR caused by current concentration does not occur.
[0060] Exemplarily, Figure 3 A current distribution schematic diagram when the antenna works is provided for the embodiments of the present application. As shown inFigure 3 As shown by the arrows, the current of the first radiator 111 flows out from the first feeding point 151 and the first grounding point 161 to the interdigital region where the first interdigital structure 141 is located. The current of the second radiator 112 and the parasitic branch 113 flows out from the second feeding point 152 and the second grounding point 162 to the interdigital region where the first interdigital structure 141 is located.
[0061] In some embodiments, referring to any one of the figures in the drawings, Figures 1-3 The first interdigital structure 141 includes at least four interdigitations.
[0062] Specifically, by setting at least four interdigitations, it is ensured that there are at least two pairs of interdigitations in the first interdigital structure 141, thereby facilitating the improvement of the coupling effect between the first antenna unit 11 and the second antenna unit 12. Exemplarily, Figures 1-3 It is shown in that the first interdigital structure 141 includes seven interdigitations.
[0063] In some embodiments, Figure 4 A structure schematic diagram of yet another antenna module of the embodiments of the present disclosure. In combination with Figure 1 and Figure 4 The set parameters of the first interdigital structure 141 have a one-to-one correspondence relationship with the bandwidth of the target working frequency band, and the set parameters include at least one of the length a of the interdigitations, the width b of the gap between adjacent interdigitations, and the number of interdigitations.
[0064] Wherein, when the set parameters of the first interdigital structure 141 are different, the bandwidth corresponding to the target working frequency band is different. The set parameters of the first interdigital structure 141 can include the length a of the interdigitations, the width b of the gap between adjacent interdigitations, and the number of interdigitations (seven interdigitations are shown in the figure).
[0065] Specifically, the first interdigital structure 141 can function as a combined capacitor. With the increase of the length a of the interdigitations, the capacitance value of the distributed capacitor increases, causing the resonant frequency corresponding to the target working frequency band to shift to a low frequency. With the increase of the width b of the gap between adjacent interdigitations, the capacitance value of the distributed capacitor decreases, causing the resonant frequency corresponding to the target working frequency band to shift to a high frequency. In addition, the more the number of interdigitations, the greater the coupling amount, and the resonant frequency corresponding to the target working frequency band shifts to a low frequency.
[0066] Therefore, by adjusting at least one of the length a of the interdigitations, the width b of the gap between adjacent interdigitations, and the number of interdigitations, the purpose of adjusting the bandwidth where the target working frequency band is located can be achieved, thereby achieving the debugging for different frequencies.
[0067] In some embodiments, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit have different operation modes. Specifically, the first antenna unit is an IFA antenna, and the second antenna unit is a single-stage antenna, and the IFA antenna and the single-stage antenna have different operation modes.
[0068] Exemplarily, Figure 5 A waveform diagram of antenna debugging is provided for the embodiments of the present application. As shown in the figure, Figure 5 the horizontal axis is frequency, in GHz, and the vertical axis is return loss, in dB. Among them, Figure 5 1-4-7-8 in the figure respectively represent four different middle-high frequency bands to be debugged, and the middle-high frequency waveform to be debugged meets the expectation.
[0069] In addition, the antenna efficiency of the seven different frequency bands in the MHB (Middle high band) frequency band to be debugged is shown in the following table. The greater the return loss value, the higher the antenna efficiency.
[0070]
[0071] Therefore, the antenna module provided by the embodiments of the present application can optimize the antenna efficiency, and the generally marginal efficiency of the antenna efficiency can reach about -4dB to -5dB, which is 1-2dB higher than the performance of the small clearance antenna in the past (generally about -6dB).
[0072] On the basis of the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application further provide an electronic device. The electronic device includes the antenna module of the above embodiments, and thus has the same or similar beneficial effects, which will not be described here.
[0073] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described, however, as long as the combination of the technical features does not exist contradictory, it should be considered as the scope of the present application.
[0074] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims
1. An antenna module, characterized in that, Applied to electronic devices, including: A first antenna element and a second antenna element, wherein the first antenna element includes a first radiator and the second antenna element includes a second radiator; The opposite ends of the first radiator and the second radiator form a first interdigitated structure, and the first antenna element and the second antenna element are coupled through the first interdigitated structure to form a target operating frequency band. The first antenna element operates in a first frequency band, the second antenna operates in a second frequency band, and the target operating frequency band is different from the first frequency band and the second frequency band.
2. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second antenna element further includes a parasitic branch, and the opposite ends of the second radiator and the parasitic branch form a second interdigital structure.
3. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Radio frequency (RF) chip, which is located on the motherboard of the electronic device; The first radiator is provided with a first feed point and at least one first ground point, and the first feed point is electrically connected to the radio frequency chip; The first feed point and the first ground point are connected through the first radiator so that the first antenna element forms an IFA antenna.
4. The antenna module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second antenna unit further includes a parasitic stub, a second feed point is provided on the second radiator, and at least one second ground point is provided on the parasitic stub. The second feed point is electrically connected to the radio frequency chip.
5. The antenna module according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: A first tuning switch is used, and the second feed point is connected to the RF chip through the first tuning switch; And / or, The second tuning switch, and the second grounding point is grounded through the second tuning switch.
6. The antenna module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first power supply point, the first grounding point, the second power supply point, and the second grounding point are all located far away from the first interdigitated structure.
7. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first interdigitated structure includes at least four interdigitated fingers.
8. The antenna module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The setting parameters of the first interdigital structure have a one-to-one correspondence with the bandwidth of the target operating frequency band; The setting parameters include at least one of the following: the length of the interdigitated fingers, the width of the gap between adjacent interdigitated fingers, and the quantity of the interdigitated fingers.
9. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first antenna unit and the second antenna unit operate in different modes.
10. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the antenna module as described in any one of claims 1-9.