Differential pressure regulating structure with double upper chambers

Abstract

The utility model provides a double upper chamber differential pressure regulating structure which comprises a diversion tunnel, a plug and a construction adit, a large chamber is arranged above the diversion tunnel, a riser with a top opening is arranged in the large chamber, the riser is communicated with the diversion tunnel through a connecting pipe, a plurality of impedance holes communicated with the large chamber are formed in the riser, and the large chamber is communicated with the connecting pipe. The upper side of the large chamber is provided with a first upper chamber and a second upper chamber, the first upper chamber and the second upper chamber are both communicated with the large chamber, the second upper chamber is located above the first upper chamber, and the side, connected with the large chamber, of the first upper chamber is located below an opening in the top of the riser. By arranging the first upper chamber and the second upper chamber which are different in height, the highest surge water level can be restrained, and meanwhile if the downstream does not reach the lowest surge water level, the effect of reducing the rising speed of the water level is achieved; when the water level rises to the first upper chamber, the amplitude is further reduced due to the increase of the water storage area.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to water conservancy and hydropower engineering technical field especially relates to a double upper chamber differential pressure regulating structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] The pressure regulating chamber is a common regulating structure of the hydropower station, which is usually arranged on the pressure conduit and has the functions of reflecting water hammer wave on the free water surface (or air cushion layer) to limit the water hammer wave from entering the pressure diversion channel and improving the operation condition and power supply quality of the unit when the load changes. The differential pressure regulating chamber is usually composed of a riser, a large chamber and impedance holes, and the water body in the large chamber is communicated with the riser through the impedance holes. It has been applied to the power station with larger scale, longer distance, longer tunnel and larger installed capacity. However, considering the problem of the highest surge water level, only using the differential pressure regulating chamber will be limited by the upstream surge water level. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model discloses a double upper chamber differential pressure regulating structure, which can solve the problem that only using the traditional differential pressure regulating chamber will be limited by the upstream surge water level.

[0004] Therefore, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] A double upper chamber differential pressure regulating structure, comprising a diversion tunnel, a plug, a construction adit, a large chamber arranged above the diversion tunnel, a riser with a top opening arranged in the large chamber, a connecting pipe arranged between the riser and the diversion tunnel for communication, a plurality of impedance holes arranged on the riser and communicating with the large chamber, a first upper chamber and a second upper chamber arranged on the upper side of the large chamber, the first upper chamber and the second upper chamber both communicating with the large chamber, the second upper chamber being arranged above the first upper chamber, and the side of the first upper chamber connected with the large chamber being arranged below the top opening of the riser.

[0006] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the utility model can also adopt the following further technical schemes, or use these further technical schemes in combination:

[0007] The height of the second upper chamber is not lower than the top opening of the riser.

[0008] The bottom of the riser is provided with a plurality of impedance holes arranged in a circle.

[0009] The lower part of the riser is provided with a plurality of impedance holes arranged in at least two circles.

[0010] The end of the first upper chamber away from the large chamber extends upward and has a height higher than that of the large chamber.

[0011] The length of the first upper chamber is greater than that of the second upper chamber.

[0012] The inner diameter of the ascending pipe and the connecting pipe is same as the inner diameter of the water diversion tunnel.

[0013] The second upper chamber is smaller in diameter on one side away from the large chamber and is provided with an opening.

[0014] The first upper chamber is bent on one side in the length direction.

[0015] The outer wall of the ascending pipe is provided with a plurality of support beams symmetrically distributed, the sidewall of the first upper chamber, the second upper chamber and the large chamber is respectively provided with at least one ladder, and the large chamber is further provided with a rest platform in the middle in the height direction.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the water head loss is increased by setting the ascending pipe, the impedance hole and the large chamber, the amplitude of water level fluctuation is reduced, the highest surge water level can be inhibited by setting the first upper chamber and the second upper chamber with different heights, and the water level rising speed is slowed down when the downstream does not reach the lowest surge water level; when the water level rises to the first upper chamber, the amplitude is further reduced due to the increased water storage area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Fig. 1 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of the first upper chamber of the utility model.

[0018] Fig. 2 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of the second upper chamber of the utility model.

[0019] Fig. 3 It is a plane structure schematic view of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the skilled in the art better understand the technical scheme of the utility model, the preferred implementation scheme of the utility model is described below in combination with specific implementation examples, and the examples of the implementation examples are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar functional elements throughout the drawings, but it should be understood that the drawings are only for illustrative description and cannot be understood as the limitation of the utility model; in order to better illustrate the implementation examples, some components in the drawings can be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and the size of the actual product is not represented; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions can be omitted in the drawings, and the positional relationship described in the drawings is only for illustrative description and cannot be understood as the limitation of the utility model.

[0021] The utility model is further described below in combination with the drawings and examples, but it is not used as the basis for limiting the utility model.

[0022] The utility model provides a kind of double upper chamber differential pressure regulating structure, including diversion tunnel 6, plug 7, construction branch hole 8, the top of diversion tunnel 6 is equipped with big room 2, and big room 2 is equipped with the riser 13 of top opening, the riser 13 is communicated with diversion tunnel 6 by connecting pipe 14, and the riser 13 is equipped with the several impedance holes 5 of the intercommunication big room 2, the upper side of big room 2 is equipped with first upper chamber 11 and second upper chamber 12, and first upper chamber 11 and second upper chamber 12 are communicated with big room 2, and second upper chamber 12 is located the top of first upper chamber 11, and the side of first upper chamber 11 connecting big room 2 is located the below of the top opening of riser 13.

[0023] The height of the second upper chamber 12 is not lower than the top opening of the riser 13.

[0024] In the embodiment, the height difference between the first upper chamber 11 and the second upper chamber 12 is 8.3 meters.

[0025] The bottom of the riser 13 is provided with a plurality of impedance holes 5 surrounding a circle.

[0026] The lower part of the riser 13 is provided with a plurality of impedance holes 5 surrounding at least two circles.

[0027] In the embodiment, at least 5 impedance holes 5 surround a circle.

[0028] The end of the first upper chamber 11 away from the big room 2 extends upward and has a height higher than that of the big room 2, and the height difference between them can reduce the maximum surge water level of the pressure regulating chamber under different operating conditions and reduce the pressure fluctuation amplitude of the water delivery system.

[0029] The length of the first upper chamber 11 is greater than that of the second upper chamber 12.

[0030] The inner diameters of the riser 13 and the connecting pipe 14 are the same as that of the diversion tunnel 6, so as to fully reflect the water hammer wave, make the flow in and out of the pressure regulating chamber more smooth, make the connection pipe water level rise or fall more sensitive, accelerate the differential effect with the upper chamber, and accelerate the pressure decay of the water delivery system.

[0031] The side of the second upper chamber 12 away from the big room 2 has a smaller diameter and is provided with an opening.

[0032] The first upper chamber 11 is bent to one side in the length direction.

[0033] The outer wall of the riser 13 is provided with a plurality of support beams 3 symmetrically distributed, at least one ladder 4 is respectively arranged at the side walls of the first upper chamber 11, the second upper chamber 12 and the big room 2, and a rest platform 9 is further arranged at the middle part of the big room 2 in the height direction.

[0034] In the embodiment, the outer wall of the ascending pipe 13 is provided with 6-8 symmetrically distributed support beams 3, the support beams 3 are integrally cast with the outer wall of the ascending pipe 13 to form an integral structure, and the connecting portions are chamfered to prevent stress concentration.

[0035] As shown in Figs. 1-3 In the embodiment, the first upper chamber 11 is provided with a ladder 4 at an end extending away from the large chamber 2 and upward, the second upper chamber 12 is provided with a ladder 4 at a side away from the large chamber 2 and a position where the diameter is reduced, and the inner wall of the large chamber 2 is provided with ladders 4 upward and downward, so that the ladders 4 and the rest platform 9 are convenient for workers to use for maintenance when the pressure regulating structure fails.

[0036] The water chamber type pressure regulating chamber is usually composed of a vertical shaft and one to two water chambers, and the function of the upper chamber is mainly to suppress the highest surge water level. Under the premise that the upper chamber volume is not higher than the highest allowable upper surge water level, the higher the elevation of the upper chamber volume, the better the working effect, and the lower chamber is to suppress the lowest surge water level.

[0037] The utility model discloses adopt the structure that differential pressure regulating chamber and water chamber type pressure regulating chamber are combined, can better reflect the water hammer wave in pipeline, suppress higher upstream surge level, reduce the water level fluctuation in pressure regulating chamber, prevent producing the water hammer pressure of too big, improve the stability of pressure regulating chamber whole and the security of hydropower station, reach more excellent adjustment guarantee function.

[0038] When the unit increases or decreases load, the referenced flow will also increase or decrease, and the transient water body is first rapidly digested through the differential pressure regulating chamber (ascending pipe 13 and large chamber 2). When the unit increases load, the water body supplements the flow required by the unit, and when the unit decreases load, the flow decreased by the unit is first rapidly increased for shunting, and when larger load adjustment occurs, the large chamber 2 will rapidly regulate through the bottom impedance hole 5 and the top overflow.

[0039] When the water level rises, the water flows out through the impedance hole 5 into the large chamber 2, and then the water level fluctuation will slow down. When the water overflows through the top of the ascending pipe 13, the water pressure increases to make the water flow reversely through the impedance hole.

[0040] The control method of the double-upper-chamber differential pressure regulating structure is as follows:

[0041] When the load is discarded, the water in the diversion tunnel 6 enters the riser 13 through the connecting pipe 14, and the water level in the riser 13 rises, and due to the existence of the impedance hole 5, the water in the riser 13 flows into the large chamber 2 through the impedance hole 5, and the water head loss will increase, thus reducing the amplitude of the water level fluctuation in the riser 13 and the large chamber 3, when the water in the riser 13 overflows from the opening at the top thereof, it first overflows into the large chamber 2, which can quickly regulate the pressure, so that the unit reference flow can be quickly stabilized, when the water level reaches the height of the first upper chamber 11, the water enters the first upper chamber 11, and due to the increase of the water storage area, the amplitude is further reduced, when the first upper chamber 11 is filled with water, the water level continues to rise into the second upper chamber 12, and due to the setting of the two upper chambers, the rising speed of the water level is also slowed down compared with the existing single differential pressure regulating chamber technology, and due to the increase of the water storage area, the water head amplitude is also reduced.

[0042] When the load is increased, the water in the first upper chamber 11 and the second upper chamber 12 flows back into the diversion tunnel 6 through the riser 13 and the connecting pipe 14, and due to the action of the impedance hole 5, the water level in the large chamber 2 and the riser 13 will also be greatly reduced.

[0043] When the load is discarded, the kinetic energy of the water in the diversion tunnel 6 is converted into the potential energy of the water in the second upper chamber 12, so the center of gravity of the second upper chamber 12 is high. Therefore, the same energy only needs a small volume, so the second upper chamber 12 of the utility model only needs a small volume.

[0044] According to the description and drawings of the utility model, those skilled in the art can easily manufacture or use the double-chamber differential pressure regulating structure, and the positive effects described in the utility model can be achieved.

[0045] It should be noted that the terms "including", "having", and "with" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the utility model and the above drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "mounting", "setting", "providing", "connecting", "connecting", "sleeving" should be understood broadly. For example, it can be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally configured; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication between two mechanisms, elements or components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the terms "one end", "the other end", "outer side", "inner side", "horizontal", "end", "length", "outer end", "left", "right" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated mechanism or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model. The terms "first", "second" are only used for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply relative importance.

[0047] In addition, in the practice of the claims of the utility model, those skilled in the art can understand and affect the changes of the disclosed embodiments through the study of the drawings, the disclosure and the attached claims. In addition, in the claims, the specification, "including", "containing" and the like do not exclude other elements or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural.

[0048] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, that is, any equivalent changes and modifications made according to the utility model are covered by the scope of the claims of the utility model, which will not be listed one by one here.

Claims

1. A double upper chamber differential pressure regulating structure comprising a diversion tunnel (6), a plug (7), a construction adit (8), characterized in that, The upper side of the large chamber (2) is provided with a first upper chamber (11) and a second upper chamber (12), the first upper chamber (11) and the second upper chamber (12) are both communicated with the large chamber (2), the second upper chamber (12) is located above the first upper chamber (11), and one side of the first upper chamber (11) connected with the large chamber (2) is located below the top opening of the riser pipe (13).

2. A dual upper chamber differential pressure regulating structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The height of the second upper chamber (12) is not lower than the top opening of the riser pipe (13).

3. A dual upper chamber differential pressure regulating structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the riser pipe (13) is provided with a plurality of impedance holes (5) surrounding a circle.

4. A dual upper chamber differential pressure regulating structure as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein, The lower part of the riser pipe (13) is provided with a plurality of impedance holes (5) surrounding at least two circles.

5. A dual upper chamber differential pressure regulating structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The end of the first upper chamber (11) away from the large chamber (2) extends upwards and has a height higher than that of the large chamber (2).

6. A dual upper chamber differential pressure regulating structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The length of the first upper chamber (11) is greater than that of the second upper chamber (12).

7. A dual upper chamber differential pressure regulating structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The inner diameters of the riser pipe (13) and the connecting pipe (14) are the same as the inner diameter of the water diversion tunnel (6).

8. A dual upper chamber differential pressure regulating structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The side of the second upper chamber (12) away from the large chamber (2) has a smaller diameter and is provided with an opening.

9. A dual upper chamber differential pressure regulating structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The first upper chamber (11) is bent to one side in the length direction.

10. The dual upper chamber differential pressure regulating structure of claim 1, wherein, The outer wall of the riser pipe (13) is provided with a plurality of support beams (3) symmetrically distributed, the side walls of the first upper chamber (11), the second upper chamber (12) and the large chamber (2) are respectively provided with at least one ladder (4), and the middle part of the large chamber (2) in the height direction is further provided with a rest platform (9).

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