Heading machine main driving structure with hydraulic torque converter and heading machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heading machine main driving structure with a hydraulic torque converter and a heading machine. The heading machine main driving structure with the hydraulic torque converter solves the problems that in the prior art, the escape capacity is insufficient, and the escape method is single. The heading machine main driving structure with the hydraulic torque converter comprises a power device and a speed reducer which are arranged in a shield body, the hydraulic torque converter is connected between the speed reducer and the power device, and an output shaft of the speed reducer is in transmission connection with a cutterhead arranged on the front portion of the shield body through a gear pair. According to the main driving structure, the hydraulic torque converter is connected between the power device and the speed reducer in series, torque increasing can be achieved under the state that the cutter head is clamped, and the transmission efficiency is not reduced during normal tunneling. When the cutter head is clamped, power is in hydraulic transmission in the hydraulic torque converter, the phenomenon that the motor is damaged due to overheating caused by clamping can be effectively prevented, and the problem that the cutter head is clamped is effectively solved under the motor driving condition.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of heading machine, especially a main drive device for heading machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The heading machine technology in China has ranked among the best in the world and plays an important role in underground engineering construction. However, it also faces increasingly complex working environments. When a shield machine is excavating in unstable strata, it may cause soil and rock to block the cutterhead, resulting in the shield machine being stuck and unable to excavate, which seriously affects the progress of on-site construction.

[0003] There are mainly two methods to solve the problem of machine sticking: one is to directly increase the escape torque by relying on the improvement of driving capacity; the other is to indirectly increase the cutterhead torque by increasing auxiliary means. Since the direct increase of torque involves the limit torque of the motor or electric motor, the torque cannot be increased unlimitedly, so indirectly increasing the escape torque becomes a more effective way.

[0004] The existing escape method usually increases driving devices near the cutterhead to increase the cutterhead escape torque. For example, the Chinese patent with publication number CN109707391A discloses an escape device for a heading machine and the heading machine, and the Chinese patent with publication number CN114607404A discloses an escape device and method for a heading machine. The escape device increases the cutterhead torque by applying a rotating thrust in the same direction to the cutterhead through a telescopic mechanism. However, due to the limited space at the cutterhead, it is difficult to install the escape device and the number of installable devices is small, so the torque provided may not meet the escape requirements. Moreover, the space at the cutterhead is narrow, making it difficult to install and remove the telescopic mechanism, and the labor intensity of workers is high due to the large number of auxiliary parts. In addition, when the cutterhead is stuck and does not rotate, the motor is prone to overheating and damage if it is used for driving. Currently, only hydraulic drives have escape functions, but the transmission efficiency of hydraulic drives is lower than that of electric drives. Therefore, it is necessary to design a main drive structure that utilizes hydraulic drives and has high transmission efficiency to increase the cutterhead escape torque. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the above background technology, the utility model provides a heading machine main drive structure with a hydraulic torque converter and a heading machine, which solves the problems of insufficient escape capacity and single escape method in the prior art.

[0006] The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: a heading machine main drive structure with a hydraulic torque converter, comprising a power device and a speed reducer arranged in a shield body, a hydraulic torque converter connected between the speed reducer and the power device, and an output shaft of the speed reducer in transmission connection with a cutterhead arranged at the front of the shield body through a gear pair.

[0007] Preferably, the hydraulic torque converter is connected in the shield body through a support box seat; the hydraulic torque converter is located in the support box seat, and the power device and the speed reducer are connected on two sides of the support box seat respectively.

[0008] Preferably, a first flange is arranged on the front end surface of the support box seat, and the first flange is connected with the casing flange of the speed reducer through first bolt members; a second flange is arranged on the rear end surface of the support box seat, and the second flange is connected with the casing flange of the power device through second bolt members.

[0009] Preferably, the hydraulic torque converter comprises a protective cover, a pump wheel and a turbine are coaxially arranged in the protective cover, the pump wheel is located on the side close to the speed reducer, the turbine is located on the side close to the power device, a turbine shaft is arranged at the center of the turbine and extends out of the protective cover, the turbine shaft is connected with the input shaft of the speed reducer, and a locking clutch is connected between the pump wheel and the power device.

[0010] Preferably, when the locking clutch is separated from the pump wheel, the power device and the speed reducer are in hydraulic transmission; when the locking clutch is combined with the pump wheel, the power device and the speed reducer are in mechanical transmission.

[0011] Preferably, the gear pair comprises a pinion connected with the output shaft of the speed reducer and a large gear ring connected with the cutter head, and the pinion is engaged with the large gear ring; the cutter head is connected with the large gear ring through a head frame, and a main bearing is arranged between the head frame and the shield body; the cutter head is ensured to rotate smoothly under the action of the main drive.

[0012] Preferably, a support ring is fixed in the shield body, and the speed reducers are uniformly distributed on the support ring in the circumferential direction; a rotating speed sensor is arranged on the speed reducer and / or the cutter head; whether the cutter head is stuck can be detected through the rotating speed sensor.

[0013] A tunneling machine comprising the tunneling machine main drive structure with the hydraulic torque converter.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the main drive structure can realize torque increase in the cutter head stuck state and does not reduce the transmission efficiency in normal tunneling by connecting the hydraulic torque converter in series between the power device and the speed reducer. In the cutter head stuck state, the power is in hydraulic transmission in the hydraulic torque converter, which can effectively prevent the motor from being damaged due to overheating caused by sticking, and effectively solve the problem of cutter head sticking under the condition of motor driving. When the main drive structure is used in the tunneling machine, it can automatically switch the working mode when the cutter head of the tunneling machine is stuck, provide high torque during the escape, and solve the problems of insufficient escape ability and single escape method in the prior art, which plays an important role in the escape of the cutter head of the tunneling machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main drive structure of the tunneling machine of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the layout of the main drive structure inside the tunneling machine.

[0018] Figure 3 This is the logic control diagram of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of six hydraulic torque converters;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a speed ratio characteristic diagram of a hydraulic torque converter. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown in Embodiment 1, a main drive structure for a tunneling machine with a hydraulic torque converter includes a power unit 7 and a reducer 5 housed within the shield body 8. The power unit 7 can be an electric motor, and a hydraulic torque converter 6 connects the reducer 5 to the power unit 7. The reducer 5, power unit 7, and hydraulic torque converter 6 are linearly connected, which does not occupy internal space within the shield body, resulting in a more compact structure. The hydraulic torque converter acts as a torque amplifier. It has two operating modes: one is hydraulic transmission when the cutterhead is jammed, in which case the torque converter amplifies torque; the other is mechanical transmission during normal tunneling, where the torque converter does not amplify torque, ensuring transmission efficiency. The output shaft of the reducer 5 is connected to the cutterhead 1 located at the front of the shield body 8 via a gear pair. When the cutter head is stuck and cannot rotate, the hydraulic torque converter acts as a hydraulic transmission, and plays a role in changing the torque. When the cutter head is stuck, the hydraulic torque converter is switched to hydraulic transmission to eliminate the phenomenon of motor overheating due to jamming, and can also effectively solve the problem of difficulty in disengaging in motor drive mode.

[0023] It should be noted that, depending on the needs and operating conditions, one set of power unit 7 and reducer 5 can correspond to one hydraulic torque converter; and when the hydraulic torque converter has sufficient torque amplification, multiple sets of power unit 7 and reducer 5 can also correspond to one hydraulic torque converter.

[0024] Example 2: A main drive structure for a tunneling machine with a hydraulic torque converter includes a power unit 7 and a reducer 5 installed inside the shield body 8. The power unit 7 can be an electric motor, and a hydraulic torque converter 6 is connected between the reducer 5 and the power unit 7. One set of power unit 7 and reducer 5 corresponds to one hydraulic torque converter. The hydraulic torque converter acts as a torque amplifier. It has two operating modes: one is hydraulic transmission when the cutterhead is stuck, where the torque converter amplifies torque; the other is mechanical transmission during normal tunneling, where the torque converter does not amplify torque, ensuring transmission efficiency. The output shaft of the reducer 5 is connected to the cutterhead 1 located at the front of the shield body 8 via a gear pair. When the cutterhead is stuck and cannot rotate, the hydraulic torque converter functions as a hydraulic transmission, changing the torque. When the cutterhead is stuck, switching the hydraulic torque converter to hydraulic transmission eliminates the motor overheating caused by the stuck motor and effectively solves the problem of difficulty in disengaging from the motor drive mode.

[0025] In this embodiment, the hydraulic torque converter 6 is connected to the shield body 8 via a support housing 11. The hydraulic torque converter 6 is located within the support housing 11, and the power unit 7 and the reducer 5 are respectively connected to both sides of the support housing 11. The support housing is a box-shaped seat that provides stable support for the hydraulic torque converter while also providing an outer layer of protection. In addition, the support housing also provides certain support for the power unit 7 and the reducer 5, ensuring the overall stability of the main drive structure.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the front end face of the support box 11 is provided with a first flange 12, which is connected to the housing flange of the reducer 5 by a first bolt 9; the rear end face of the support box 11 is provided with a second flange 13, which is connected to the housing flange of the power unit 7 by a second bolt 10. Using bolts to achieve a detachable connection between the hydraulic torque converter, the reducer 5, and the power unit 7 is convenient and does not occupy internal space of the shield body; it reduces changes to the existing component layout within the shield body, and enhances applicability and operability.

[0027] As a preferred solution, the hydraulic torque converter 6 comprises a protective cover 605 which can be used to receive torque, the protective cover is located in the support box seat 11. The pump wheel 601 and the turbine 602 are coaxially arranged in the protective cover 605, the pump wheel 601 is located near the speed reducer 5, and the turbine 602 is located near the power device 7; the pump wheel is fixedly connected in the protective cover, the center of the turbine 602 is provided with a turbine shaft 604 which extends out of the protective cover 605, the turbine shaft 604 is used to output torque, the turbine shaft 604 is connected with the input shaft of the speed reducer 5, and the pump wheel 601 is connected with the power device 7. Specifically, when the lock-up clutch 603 is separated from the pump wheel 601, the power device 7 and the speed reducer 5 are in hydraulic transmission; when the lock-up clutch 603 is combined with the pump wheel 601, the power device 7 and the speed reducer 5 are in mechanical transmission.

[0028] Specifically, when the roadheader cutter head is stuck, the control device controls the state of the lock-up clutch to separate the lock-up clutch from the pump wheel of the hydraulic torque converter, the pump wheel is connected with the input power (motor or motor), the pump wheel rotates to drive the internal hydraulic oil to flow and in turn drive the turbine to rotate, the turbine output shaft is connected with the speed reducer, and finally drives the cutter head to rotate; in this state, the hydraulic torque converter plays a role of increasing torque, and the pump wheel and the turbine belong to hydraulic transmission; when the roadheader cutter head is stuck, the control device controls the lock-up clutch to combine with the pump wheel, so that the pump wheel and the turbine are connected together, and the power is directly transmitted from the pump wheel to the turbine output shaft through the lock-up clutch; in this state, the hydraulic torque converter no longer plays a role of increasing torque, and the pump wheel and the turbine belong to mechanical transmission, and the transmission efficiency is high.

[0029] As a preferred solution in the embodiment, the gear pair comprises a pinion 4 connected with the output shaft of the speed reducer 5 and a large gear ring 41 connected with the cutter head 1, and the pinion 4 is engaged with the large gear ring 41; when multiple speed reducers are arranged, multiple pinions are engaged with the large gear ring at the same time to provide power for the large gear ring to drive the cutter head to rotate. Specifically, the cutter head 1 is connected with the large gear ring 41 through the headstock 2, the front part of the headstock is fixedly connected with the cutter head, and the main bearing 3 is arranged between the rear part of the headstock 2 and the shield body 8 to ensure the smooth rotation of the cutter head. When multiple speed reducers and power devices are used in the embodiment, the support ring 14 is fixedly arranged in the shield body 8, and the speed reducers 5 are uniformly distributed on the support ring 14 in the circumferential direction; the stability of the whole main driving structure is improved.

[0030] It should be noted that the reducer 5 and / or cutterhead 1 are equipped with speed sensors. These speed sensors can determine whether the cutterhead is jammed; they can provide greater torque when the cutterhead is jammed, without reducing transmission efficiency during normal tunneling. Specifically, based on whether the cutterhead is jammed, the operating state of the lock-up clutch is controlled. When the cutterhead is jammed, the hydraulic torque converter increases torque to help the cutterhead get out of trouble; during normal tunneling, the hydraulic torque converter switches to mechanical drive, without reducing transmission efficiency. Therefore, it can automatically switch the operating mode when the cutterhead is jammed, providing high torque during the extrication process, which plays a crucial role in the cutterhead's extrication. Furthermore, if the drive method is motor drive, the motor can still rotate when the cutterhead is jammed, preventing damage due to continuous overheating from a non-rotating motor.

[0031] Example 3: As Figure 2 As shown, a tunneling machine includes a main drive structure with a hydraulic torque converter. Specifically, the main drive structure includes a power unit 7 and a reducer 5 housed within the shield body 8. The power unit 7 can be an electric motor, and a hydraulic torque converter 6 connects the reducer 5 to the power unit 7. Each set of power units 7 and reducers 5 corresponds to one hydraulic torque converter. The hydraulic torque converter acts as a torque amplifier. It has two operating modes: one is hydraulic transmission when the cutterhead is jammed, in which case the torque converter amplifies torque; the other is mechanical transmission during normal tunneling, where the hydraulic torque converter does not amplify torque, ensuring transmission efficiency. The output shaft of the reducer 5 is connected to the cutterhead 1 located at the front of the shield body 8 via a gear pair. When the cutter head is stuck and cannot rotate, the hydraulic torque converter acts as a hydraulic transmission, and plays a role in changing the torque. When the cutter head is stuck, the hydraulic torque converter is switched to hydraulic transmission to eliminate the phenomenon of motor overheating due to jamming, and can also effectively solve the problem of difficulty in disengaging in motor drive mode.

[0032] In this embodiment, the hydraulic torque converter 6 is connected to the shield body 8 via a support housing 11. The hydraulic torque converter 6 is located within the support housing 11, and the power unit 7 and the reducer 5 are respectively connected to both sides of the support housing 11. The support housing is a box-shaped seat that provides stable support for the hydraulic torque converter while also providing an outer layer of protection. In addition, the support housing also provides certain support for the power unit 7 and the reducer 5, ensuring the overall stability of the main drive structure.

[0033] As a preferred solution, the front end surface of the support box seat 11 is provided with a first flange 12, and the first flange 12 is connected with the casing flange of the speed reducer 5 through the first bolt 9; the rear end surface of the support box seat 11 is provided with a second flange 13, and the second flange 13 is connected with the casing flange of the power device 7 through the second bolt 10. The bolt is used to realize the detachable connection of the hydraulic torque converter, the speed reducer 5 and the power device 7, which is convenient to use and does not occupy the internal space of the shield body; the change of the layout of the existing components in the shield body is reduced, and the applicability and operability are stronger.

[0034] As a preferred solution, the hydraulic torque converter 6 includes a protective cover 605 which can be used to receive torque and is located in the support box seat 11. The protective cover 605 is provided with a pump wheel 601 and a turbine 602 which are coaxially arranged, the pump wheel 601 is located on the side close to the speed reducer 5, and the turbine 602 is located on the side close to the power device 7; the pump wheel is fixedly connected in the protective cover, the center of the turbine 602 is provided with a turbine shaft 604 which extends out of the protective cover 605 and is used to output torque, the turbine shaft 604 is connected with the input shaft of the speed reducer 5, and the pump wheel 601 is connected with the power device 7 through a lock-up clutch 603; the power device output shaft is connected with the hydraulic torque converter pump wheel through a spline, and the turbine shaft is connected with the speed reducer through a spline. Specifically, when the lock-up clutch 603 is separated from the pump wheel 601, the power device 7 and the speed reducer 5 are in hydraulic transmission; when the lock-up clutch 603 is combined with the pump wheel 601, the power device 7 and the speed reducer 5 are in mechanical transmission.

[0035] Specifically, when the cutter head of the tunneling machine is stuck, the control device controls the state of the lock-up clutch to separate the lock-up clutch from the hydraulic torque converter pump wheel, the pump wheel is connected with the input power (motor or engine), the pump wheel rotates to drive the internal hydraulic oil to flow and in turn drive the turbine to rotate, the turbine output shaft is connected with the speed reducer, and finally the cutter head is driven to rotate; in this state, the hydraulic torque converter plays a role of torque increase, and the pump wheel and the turbine belong to hydraulic transmission; after the cutter head of the tunneling machine is unblocked, the control device controls the lock-up clutch to combine with the pump wheel, so that the pump wheel and the turbine are connected together, and the power is directly transmitted from the pump wheel to the turbine output shaft through the lock-up clutch; in this state, the hydraulic torque converter no longer plays a role of torque increase, and the pump wheel and the turbine belong to mechanical transmission, and the transmission efficiency is high. When the cutter head is stuck and stopped, the speed ratio of the pump wheel and the turbine is the smallest at the next starting moment, at which time the torque increase effect is the most obvious, and with the increase of the turbine speed, the torque increase effect gradually decreases, and when the speed ratio is equal to n, the torque increase effect is lost, at which time the lock-up clutch is controlled to open and close, so that the pump wheel is directly connected with the turbine, and the mechanical loss is reduced, as shown in FIG. 6. Figure 5

[0036] ​In the embodiment, the gear pair comprises a pinion 4 connected with the output shaft of the speed reducer 5 and a ring gear 41 connected with the cutter head 1, the pinion 4 meshes with the ring gear 41; when multiple speed reducers are arranged, multiple pinions simultaneously mesh with the ring gear, thereby providing power for the rotation of the ring gear and the cutter head. Specifically, the cutter head 1 is connected with the ring gear 41 through the headstock 2, the front part of the headstock 2 is fixedly connected with the cutter head, and the main bearing 3 is arranged between the rear part of the headstock 2 and the shield 8, thereby ensuring the smooth rotation of the cutter head. In the embodiment, when multiple speed reducers and power devices are used, the support ring 14 is fixedly arranged in the shield 8, and the speed reducers 5 are uniformly distributed on the support ring 14 in the circumferential direction, thereby improving the stability of the entire main driving structure.

[0037] It should be noted that the speed reducer 5 and / or the cutter head 1 are provided with a rotation speed sensor. The rotation speed sensor can be used to determine whether the cutter head is stuck. As shown in Figure 3 The input signal is a speed reducer rotation speed sensor monitoring signal V0, the rotation speed of the speed reducer is basically unchanged during normal tunneling, and when the rotation speed of the speed reducer is rapidly reduced within a certain time, it indicates that there is a risk of machine jamming. At this time, the lock-up clutch is separated from the turbine, and the motor and the speed reducer are switched to the hydraulic transmission mode, which can increase the torque of the cutter head on the one hand and prevent the motor from being damaged due to the slow rotation speed caused by machine jamming on the other hand. When the rotation speed of the cutter head returns to normal, the lock-up clutch is combined with the turbine, the motor and the speed reducer are switched to mechanical transmission, and the transmission efficiency is ensured not to be reduced.

[0038] When normal tunneling is performed, the power transmission path is: power device→speed reducer→pinion→headstock→main bearing→cutter head, at this time, the lock-up clutch is combined with the turbine shaft of the hydraulic torque converter, the power device and the speed reducer are equivalent to mechanical connection, the hydraulic torque converter does not play a variable pitch role, and the efficiency is high. In this state, the limit torque transmitted to the cutter head is N1;

[0039] When the cutter head is stuck and cannot rotate, the power transmission path is: power device→hydraulic torque converter→speed reducer→pinion→headstock→main bearing→cutter head, at this time, the lock-up clutch is separated from the turbine shaft of the hydraulic torque converter, the power device and the speed reducer are equivalent to hydraulic transmission, and the hydraulic torque converter plays a variable pitch role. In this state, the limit torque transmitted to the cutter head is N2, the ratio of N2 to N1 is greater than 1, and the hydraulic torque converter plays a pitch increasing role. According to the situation, multiple groups of hydraulic torque converters can be arranged in series with the power device and the speed reducer, and the utility model example is six groups, as shown in Figure 4 .

[0040] The above only describes the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the utility model, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A main drive structure of a tunneling machine having a hydrodynamic torque converter, characterized in that: The power device (7) and the speed reducer (5) are arranged in the shield body (8), a hydraulic torque converter (6) is connected between the power device (7) and the speed reducer (5), and the output shaft of the speed reducer (5) is in transmission connection with the cutter head (1) arranged at the front of the shield body (8) through a gear pair.

2. A main drive structure of a development machine having a hydraulic torque converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic torque converter (6) is connected in the shield body (8) through a support box seat (11); the hydraulic torque converter (6) is located in the support box seat (11), and the power device (7) and the speed reducer (5) are respectively connected on the two sides of the support box seat (11).

3. A main drive structure of a development machine having a hydraulic torque converter according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first flange (12) is arranged on the front end face of the support box seat (11), the first flange (12) is connected with the casing flange of the speed reducer (5) through first bolt members (9), a second flange (13) is arranged on the rear end face of the support box seat (11), and the second flange (13) is connected with the casing flange of the power device (7) through second bolt members (10).

4. A main drive structure of a development machine having a hydraulic torque converter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The hydraulic torque converter (6) comprises a protective cover (605), a pump wheel (601) and a turbine (602) are coaxially arranged in the protective cover (605), the pump wheel (601) is located on the side close to the speed reducer (5), the turbine (602) is located on the side close to the power device (7), a turbine shaft (604) extending out of the protective cover (605) is arranged at the center of the turbine (602), the turbine shaft (604) is connected with the input shaft of the speed reducer (5), and a lock-up clutch (603) is connected between the pump wheel (601) and the power device (7).

5. A main drive structure of a development machine having a hydraulic torque converter according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the lock-up clutch (603) is separated from the pump wheel (601), the power device (7) and the speed reducer (5) are in hydraulic transmission; when the lock-up clutch (603) is combined with the pump wheel (601), the power device (7) and the speed reducer (5) are in mechanical transmission.

6. A main drive structure of a development machine having a hydraulic torque converter according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The gear pair comprises a pinion (4) connected with the output shaft of the speed reducer (5) and a large gear ring (41) connected with the cutter head (1), and the pinion (4) is in mesh with the large gear ring (41).

7. A main drive structure of a development machine having a hydraulic torque converter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cutter head (1) is connected with the large gear ring (41) through a head frame (2), and a main bearing (3) is arranged between the head frame (2) and the shield body (8).

8. A main drive structure of a development machine having a hydraulic torque converter according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: A support ring (14) is fixed in the shield body (8), and the speed reducer (5) is circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the support ring (14).

9. A main drive structure of a development machine having a hydraulic torque converter according to claim 8, characterized in that: A rotating speed sensor is arranged on the speed reducer (5) and / or the cutter head (1).

10. A heading machine characterized by: The tunneling machine main driving structure with the hydraulic torque converter comprises the tunneling machine main driving structure with the hydraulic torque converter according to any one of claims 1-9.

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