Differential mechanism and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a differential mechanism, which belongs to the technical field of automobile transmission systems and comprises a differential mechanism shaft, a differential mechanism gear and a disconnecting device. The differential shaft is connected with a wheel axle, the differential gear is connected with a power source, and the differential gear can be sleeved on the differential shaft in a coaxial and asynchronous rotating mode. The disconnecting device comprises an electromagnet, a reset piece, a moving piece and a connecting piece which are connected in sequence and integrally arranged on a differential shaft in a sleeving mode. Connection and separation of the gear and the shaft are achieved through the connecting piece, synchronous rotation is achieved during connection, and separation is not synchronous. The moving part is connected with the connecting part, the electromagnet controls the moving part and the connecting part to move, and connection and separation of the connecting part, the gear and the differential shaft are achieved. After connection, the connecting piece and the gear differential shaft rotate synchronously, and the moving piece and the reset piece are fixed. Compared with a traditional differential mechanism disconnecting device, the differential mechanism disconnecting device has the advantages that disconnecting is achieved through fewer parts and bearings, and the manufacturing and assembling process is simplified; and after disconnection, the mechanism does not rotate synchronously, the structure is more stable, and loss is lower.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automobile transmission systems, and in particular to a differential and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] New energy vehicles, as an important alternative to traditional fuel vehicles, are profoundly transforming the transportation field. It uses non-traditional fossil energy as power source, covering pure electric, hybrid, hydrogen fuel cell and other types. Hybrid vehicle usually uses engine drive and motor drive, within a certain speed range, hybrid vehicle uses motor drive, and when reaching high speed, engine drive is used.

[0003] When the hybrid vehicle drives at high speed, the engine, the reducer gear, the differential and the like still need to rotate, the motor enters the zero-torque control state, there is high zero-torque loss and drag loss, which makes the vehicle energy consumption high and causes energy loss. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The utility model at least solves one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

[0005] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a differential, which allows differential gear and differential shaft to rotate relatively by design, allowing different rotation. The gear is connected to the power source, and the differential shaft is connected to the wheel shaft. This configuration allows the power source to be stationary when the wheels rotate, avoiding being dragged and reducing energy loss. The connection between the gear and the differential shaft is achieved by the connecting piece, which rotates synchronously when connected and asynchronously when separated. The moving piece is connected to the connecting piece, and the electromagnet controls the movement of the moving piece and the connecting piece to achieve the connection and separation of the connecting piece, the gear and the differential shaft. After connection, the connecting piece rotates synchronously with the differential shaft, and the moving piece and the reset piece are stationary. Compared with the traditional differential disconnecting device, the design uses fewer parts and bearings to achieve disconnection, simplifying the manufacturing and assembly process; after disconnection, the mechanism does not rotate synchronously, the structure is more stable, and the loss is lower.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the first aspect of the utility model provides a differential, which is arranged in a protective shell, comprising:

[0007] A differential shaft for connecting a wheel shaft;

[0008] A differential gear sleeved on the differential shaft and coaxially rotatable relative to the differential shaft, the differential gear being used to connect a power source;

[0009] A disconnecting device, the disconnecting device comprising:

[0010] a connecting piece, in a first state, the differential gear and the differential shaft are connected and rotate synchronously through the connecting piece; in a second state, the differential gear and the differential shaft are separated;

[0011] an electromagnet for adsorbing the connecting piece to switch the connecting piece between the first state and the second state.

[0012] In the technical scheme, the differential is realized by setting an axially switchable connecting piece, realizing intelligent decoupling of the power source and the wheel shaft transmission. When the electromagnet adsorbs the connecting piece into the second state, the differential gear and the differential shaft are mechanically decoupled, and the power source can be completely stopped without being affected by the rotation of the wheel shaft, effectively reducing the energy loss in the non-driving working condition. Compared with the traditional clutch structure, the power on-off control can be completed by a single electromagnetic actuator, which significantly simplifies the energy management complexity of the driving system.

[0013] In some embodiments of the application, a reset member is further arranged between the electromagnet and the connecting piece.

[0014] When the electromagnet is not powered, the reset member pushes the connecting piece close to the differential gear, so that the connecting piece is in the first state.

[0015] In the technical scheme, a bistable control mechanism of the electromagnetic execution system is constructed by setting a reset member. In the power-off state, the power connection is automatically restored by mechanical elastic force, ensuring the system has a failure protection feature. This design not only improves the reliability of the transmission system, but also avoids the energy waste caused by continuous power supply to maintain the connection state, which is particularly suitable for the intermittent driving needs of new energy vehicles.

[0016] In some embodiments of the application, a moving member is further arranged between the differential gear and the electromagnet, and can move axially along the differential shaft.

[0017] The connecting piece is sleeved between the differential gear and the moving member, and the connecting piece and the moving member can rotate coaxially.

[0018] In the technical scheme, the axial guidance design of the moving member optimizes the force transmission path, accurately converting the linear adsorption motion of the electromagnet into the axial displacement of the connecting piece. By setting the moving member that rotates coaxially with the connecting piece, the power transmission interface and the execution mechanism motion interface are physically separated, which not only ensures stable connection at high speed, but also reduces the rotational friction force that the electromagnet needs to overcome. The structure makes the overall disconnecting device more compact in axial size, which is particularly suitable for the narrow hub space layout of electric vehicles.

[0019] When the power source needs to be disconnected from the wheel shaft, the electromagnet is powered and the moving part is attracted, the moving part drives the connecting part to move axially along the differential shaft away from the differential gear, the connecting part is separated from the differential gear and / or the differential shaft, and the differential shaft rotates with the wheel shaft;

[0020] When the power source needs to be synchronized with the wheel shaft, the electromagnet is powered and the moving part is released, the reset part drives the moving part to drive the connecting part to move axially along the differential shaft towards the differential gear, the connecting part is connected to the differential gear and the differential shaft, and the differential gear and the differential shaft rotate synchronously.

[0021] In the technical solution, the differential gear and the differential shaft are connected in a way that allows them to rotate asynchronously. The differential gear is connected to the power source, while the differential shaft is connected to the wheel shaft. This configuration allows the wheel to rotate while the power source remains stationary, thereby avoiding the power source being dragged by the wheel and reducing energy loss in the vehicle. The connecting part is used to connect and disconnect the differential gear and the differential shaft. When the connecting part is connected, the two rotate synchronously; when it is disconnected, they rotate asynchronously. The moving part is connected to the connecting part, and the electromagnet is powered and de-energized to attract or release the moving part, causing the moving part and the connecting part to move axially. The moving part drives the connecting part to move, achieving the connection and disconnection of the connecting part and the differential gear and the differential shaft. After connection, the connecting part, the differential gear and the differential shaft rotate synchronously, the connecting part rotates relative to the moving part, and the moving part and the reset part do not move. Compared with existing differential disconnect devices, the disconnect device of the design can achieve disconnection with only four main parts and two bearings, reducing the number of parts and making the manufacturing and assembly process simpler. After disconnection, the disconnect device does not rotate synchronously, reducing the number of synchronous rotating parts, making the structure more stable and reducing the loss.

[0022] In some embodiments of the application, the connecting part is connected to the differential gear and the differential shaft through a lock slot and a lock block. When the lock block is inserted into the lock slot, the differential gear and the differential shaft are connected and rotate synchronously. When the lock block is separated from the lock slot, the differential gear and the differential shaft are disconnected.

[0023] In the technical scheme, the lock slot and the lock block are arranged on the bodies of the differential gear and the differential shaft, the movable connection and separation between the connecting piece and the differential gear and the differential shaft are realized, no additional components are needed, and the structure is compact. The connection and separation of the differential gear and the differential shaft are realized in a simple and reliable manner through the lock slot and the lock block, synchronous rotation or disconnected following rotation of the power source and the wheel shaft is realized, the connection mode is clear in structure and easy to realize, the connection is stable when synchronous rotation is realized, and the performance of the differential in different working states can be effectively ensured.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, the connecting piece is provided with a gear lock block and a differential lock block at one end adjacent to the differential gear, the differential gear is provided with a matching gear lock slot corresponding to the gear lock block, and the differential shaft is provided with a matching differential lock slot corresponding to the differential lock block.

[0025] When the electromagnet is powered on, the connecting piece moves away from the differential gear, the gear lock block partially comes out of the gear lock slot, and the differential lock block completely comes out of the differential lock slot.

[0026] When the electromagnet is powered off, the connecting piece moves towards the differential gear under the action of the reset piece, the gear lock block is inserted into the gear lock slot, and the differential lock block is inserted into the differential lock slot.

[0027] In the technical scheme, when the connecting piece is displaced, the connecting piece is only disconnected from the differential shaft, and the connecting piece and the differential gear are connected through the lock slot and the lock block, so that the connection is not stuck when reconnected due to free rotation of the connecting piece when disconnected.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, the disconnecting device further comprises a slot position sensor for identifying the position of the differential lock slot.

[0029] In the technical scheme, the position of the differential lock slot is identified by the sensor, the electromagnet is powered off when the position of the differential lock slot is consistent with that of the gear lock slot, the reset piece is pushed to reset, the differential lock block is inserted into the differential lock slot, and the combination is completed. The slot position sensor can accurately identify the position of the differential lock slot. This ensures that the differential lock block on the connecting piece can be accurately inserted into the differential lock slot, avoids the problem that the lock block and the lock slot cannot be correctly matched due to position deviation, and realizes reliable synchronous rotation connection of the differential gear and the differential shaft.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the differential is arranged in a protective shell, a limiting sliding groove is arranged on the moving part, and a matching limiting guide is arranged on the protective shell corresponding to the sliding groove.

[0031] In the technical scheme, the limiting guide structure is arranged between the moving part and the stationary driving shell, the cooperation of the limiting sliding groove and the limiting guide can provide accurate guidance for the reciprocating movement of the moving part, ensure that the moving part moves strictly along the axial direction of the differential shaft, avoid the deviation or shaking of the moving part during movement, and thus guarantee the stability and reliability of the disconnecting device during operation.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the moving part is in surface contact with the protective shell.

[0033] In the technical scheme, the moving part and the driving shell are arranged in surface contact, so that the moving part can be effectively supported at each position during axial movement along the differential shaft, and the sliding of the moving part does not tilt and jam, thereby enhancing the stability of the entire disconnecting device during operation.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the moving part and the connecting part are connected through a bearing, and the differential gear and the differential shaft are connected through a bearing.

[0035] In the technical scheme, the moving part and the connecting part can relatively rotate through the bearing. During the operation of the differential, when the connecting part, the differential gear and the differential shaft rotate synchronously, the moving part only moves axially under the action of the electromagnet and the reset part and does not participate in rotation. The differential gear and the differential shaft need to be able to relatively rotate to realize the differential function and the asynchronous rotation between the power source and the wheel shaft. The use of the bearing enables the two to flexibly rotate relative to each other on the same shaft.

[0036] The second aspect of the present application provides a differential for being arranged in a protective shell, which comprises:

[0037] A differential shaft for connecting a wheel shaft;

[0038] A differential gear sleeved on the differential shaft and capable of coaxially rotating relative to the differential shaft, the differential gear being used for connecting a power source;

[0039] A disconnecting device arranged on the periphery of the differential shaft, the disconnecting device comprising:

[0040] A fixed part fixedly connected with the inner wall of the protective shell;

[0041] An electromagnet arranged between the differential gear and the fixed part and capable of reciprocating axially along the differential shaft;

[0042] A connecting member is arranged between the differential gear and the electromagnet, and the connecting member is coaxially connected with the electromagnet, and the connecting member can connect the differential gear and the differential shaft to make the differential gear and the differential shaft rotate synchronously, and the connecting member can be separated from the differential gear and / or the differential shaft to make the differential gear and the differential shaft rotate relatively;

[0043] A reset member is arranged between the fixing member and the electromagnet;

[0044] When the power source needs to be disconnected from the wheel shaft to rotate synchronously, the electromagnet is powered on to attract the fixing member, the electromagnet drives the connecting member to move axially away from the differential gear along the differential shaft, the connecting member is separated from the differential gear and / or the differential shaft, and the differential shaft rotates synchronously with the wheel shaft;

[0045] When the power source needs to be connected with the wheel shaft to rotate synchronously, the electromagnet is powered off to separate the electromagnet from the fixing member, the reset member drives the electromagnet to move axially towards the differential gear along the differential shaft, and the connecting member is connected with the differential gear and the differential shaft to make the differential gear and the differential shaft rotate synchronously.

[0046] In the technical scheme, the differential gear and the differential shaft are designed to rotate relatively, the differential gear is connected with the power source, and the differential shaft is connected with the wheel shaft. When the power source does not need to be driven, the wheel can rotate while the power source remains stationary, thereby avoiding the power source from being dragged by the wheel and effectively reducing the energy loss of the vehicle. The connection and separation of the connecting member with the differential gear and the differential shaft are realized by powering on and powering off the electromagnet. When the electromagnet is powered on, the fixing member is attracted, and the connecting member is driven to move, so that the differential gear and the differential shaft are separated. When the electromagnet is powered off, the reset member drives the electromagnet to move back to its original position, and the connecting member is connected with the differential gear and the differential shaft again to make them rotate synchronously. The number of parts of the design is smaller, the manufacturing and assembly process is simpler, the number of parts rotating synchronously is reduced, the structure is more stable, and the loss is relatively lower.

[0047] The third aspect of the utility model provides a differential mechanism for setting in the protective shell, it includes:

[0048] A differential shaft is used for connecting a wheel shaft;

[0049] A differential gear is sleeved on the differential shaft and can rotate coaxially relative to the differential shaft, and the differential gear is used for connecting a power source;

[0050] A disconnecting device is arranged on the periphery of the differential shaft, and the disconnecting device includes:

[0051] An electromagnet is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell;

[0052] A permanent magnet is arranged between the differential gear and the electromagnet and can move axially along the differential shaft;

[0053] A connecting member is sleeved around the differential shaft and located between the differential gear and the permanent magnet, the connecting member is coaxially rotatably connected with the permanent magnet, the connecting member can connect the differential gear and the differential shaft to make the differential gear and the differential shaft rotate synchronously, and the connecting member can be separated from the differential gear and / or the differential shaft to make the differential gear and the differential shaft relatively rotate;

[0054] When the power source needs to be disconnected from the rotation of the wheel shaft, the electromagnet is positively powered and the permanent magnet is attracted, the permanent magnet drives the connecting member to move axially along the differential shaft away from the differential gear, the connecting member is separated from the differential gear and / or the differential shaft, and the differential shaft rotates with the wheel shaft;

[0055] When the power source needs to rotate synchronously with the wheel shaft, the electromagnet is reversely powered and repels the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet drives the connecting member to move axially along the differential shaft to return to the differential gear, the connecting member is connected with the differential gear and the differential shaft to make the differential gear and the differential shaft rotate synchronously.

[0056] In the technical scheme, the differential gear and the differential shaft can relatively rotate, the differential gear is connected with the power source, and the differential shaft is connected with the wheel shaft. When the vehicle does not need to be driven by the power source, the differential gear is separated from the differential shaft through the disconnecting device, and the wheel rotation will not drive the power source. The electromagnet is positively and reversely powered to respectively realize the attraction and repulsion of the permanent magnet, and then the connection and separation of the connecting member, the differential gear and the differential shaft are controlled. The electromagnet and the permanent magnet interact through electromagnetic force, force transmission and component movement can be realized without mechanical contact, mechanical wear and jamming phenomenon are avoided, and a reset member is not needed to realize the movement of the connecting member. The number of parts of the disconnecting device is further reduced, the number of parts of the design is smaller, the manufacturing and assembly process is simpler, the number of synchronously rotating parts is reduced, the structure is more stable, and the loss is relatively lower.

[0057] The fourth aspect provides a vehicle, characterized in that, comprising:

[0058] A vehicle body;

[0059] An electric drive axle is arranged on the vehicle body, and the electric drive axle comprises the differential described above;

[0060] A wheel shaft connected to the vehicle body;

[0061] A wheel disposed on the wheel shaft;

[0062] A power source disposed on the vehicle body;

[0063] The differential in the electric drive axle connects the wheel shaft and the power source.

[0064] In the technical solution, the differential can be used to flexibly disconnect or connect the power source and the wheel shaft.

[0065] In some embodiments of the application, the electric drive axle comprises a protective shell, the differential is disposed in the protective shell, and the electromagnet is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell.

[0066] In the technical solution, the protective shell is used to protect the differential.

[0067] From the above technical solution, some additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, some will become apparent from the following description, or will be understood through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0068] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the differential according to the embodiment of the application;

[0069] Figure 2 is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the differential according to the embodiment of the application;

[0070] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the differential gear and the differential shaft according to the embodiment of the application;

[0071] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the disconnecting device according to the embodiment of the application;

[0072] Figure 5 is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the disconnecting device according to the embodiment of the application;

[0073] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the differential according to the embodiment of the application;

[0074] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the section A-A of the differential according to the embodiment of the application;

[0075] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the connecting piece according to the embodiment of the application.

[0076] In the above figures: 100, differential gear; 101, gear locking slot; 200, differential shaft; 201, differential locking slot; 300, disconnecting device; 301, electromagnet; 302, moving piece; 303, connecting piece; 304, reset piece; 305, gear locking block; 306, differential locking block; 307, limiting sliding groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0078] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected or in communication with each other; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0079] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature. The first and second features can be in direct contact, or the first and second features can be indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" of the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or it can only mean that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" of the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it can only mean that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0080] In the present utility model, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, the person skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the present specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0081] The present utility model will be described in detail below through exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that the elements, structures and features in one embodiment can also be beneficially combined into other embodiments without further description.

[0082] It should be noted that in the field of automobiles, hybrid vehicles, also known as hybrid models, usually combine two different driving modes: traditional engine driving and modern power source driving. In daily driving, hybrid models can mainly rely on power source driving within a certain speed range, which not only reduces fuel consumption but also reduces emissions. When the car needs to reach a higher speed or under certain driving conditions, such as high-speed cruising or additional power output, the hybrid model will automatically switch to engine driving. This design allows hybrid models to maintain the endurance of traditional cars while also having the environmental and energy-saving characteristics of electric cars.

[0083] In the prior art, when the engine of the hybrid vehicle is directly driven in high-speed driving state, the power source, the reducer gear, the differential and other components still need to continue to operate. At this time, the power source is in a zero torque control state, resulting in significant zero torque loss and drag loss, thereby increasing the energy consumption of the whole vehicle and causing energy loss. In order to solve this problem, the method usually adopted is to disconnect the differential. The disconnection point is mainly set between the planetary gear shaft inside the differential shaft and the differential shaft. This design increases a mechanism for disconnecting the planetary shaft and the differential shaft inside the differential shaft, resulting in a significant increase in the volume of the entire assembly compared to the traditional differential design, a more complex structure, and an increase in the difficulty of assembling parts, thereby leading to high manufacturing costs. Moreover, there are still many disconnection device parts that follow the drag, resulting in poor effect of reducing loss.

[0084] Based on this, the application provides a differential, which allows different step rotation by designing the differential gear and the differential shaft to be relatively rotatable. The gear is connected to a power source, and the differential shaft is connected to a wheel shaft. The connection between the gear and the differential shaft is realized by a connecting piece, which rotates synchronously when connected and asynchronously when separated. A moving piece is connected to the connecting piece, and an electromagnet controls the movement of the moving piece and the connecting piece to realize the connection and separation of the connecting piece with the gear and the differential shaft. After connection, the connecting piece rotates synchronously with the gear and the differential shaft, and the moving piece and the return piece are stationary. This configuration allows the power source to be stationary when the wheel rotates, avoiding being dragged and reducing energy loss. Compared with the traditional differential disconnecting device, the design uses fewer parts and bearings to realize disconnection, simplifying the manufacturing and assembly process; after disconnection, the mechanism does not rotate synchronously, the structure is more stable, the loss is lower, and the problems of poor loss reduction effect and high manufacturing and assembly difficulty of the existing disconnecting device are solved.

[0085] In the following, the embodiments of the application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0086] As shown in the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 to 8 In one illustrative embodiment of the differential of the application, the differential is arranged in a protective shell, which refers to the shell surrounding the differential outside to prevent the invasion of external dust and rainwater into the differential inside. It can be a total assembly shell integrated with the shell of each part of the electric drive axle. When the shell of each part of the electric drive axle is designed in a split body, the differential is adjacent to the reducer, the exterior of the differential shares a shell that does not follow the rotation of the wheel with the reducer. The protective shell is the shared shell.

[0087] As shown in the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The differential includes a differential shaft 200, a differential gear 100, and a disconnecting device 300. The differential shaft 200 is connected to a wheel shaft, and the differential gear 100 is connected to a power source. The differential gear 100 is sleeved on the differential shaft 200 and can rotate asynchronously with the differential shaft 200. The disconnecting device 300 is sleeved on the side of the differential shaft 200. One end of the disconnecting device 300 is fixed on the driving shell, and the other end can be connected or disconnected with the differential shaft 200 and the differential gear 100. When connected, the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 become an integral part that cannot rotate relatively. When disconnected, the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 become two parts that can rotate relatively. When the engine is directly driven, it is necessary to disconnect the power source and the wheel drag. At this time, the disconnecting device 300 works to make the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 relatively rotatable. The differential shaft 200 continues to rotate under the drive of the wheel, and the differential gear 100 and the power source gradually stop rotating.

[0088] In some embodiments, the differential shaft 200 is a rotating body with an axis, and both ends of the differential shaft 200 are provided with differential bearings, and the differential shaft 200 is connected with the wheel shaft through the differential bearings. The differential gear 100 is a helical gear, the differential gear 100 is sleeved on the differential shaft 200, and is close to one end of the differential shaft 200. The differential gear 100 coincides with the axis of the differential shaft 200, and the two can be coaxially connected.

[0089] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 The disconnecting device 300 includes a ring-shaped electromagnet 301, a connecting piece 303, and a reset piece 304. The electromagnet 301 is used to promote the displacement of the connecting piece 303. When the magnet 301 is not powered, the reset piece 304 pushes the connecting piece 303 to move to a first state. In the first state, the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 are connected and synchronously rotated through the connecting piece 303. When the electromagnet 301 is powered, the connecting piece 303 is attracted and moved to a second state. In the second state, the electromagnet 301 attracts the connecting piece 303, and at this time the connecting piece 303 is not connected with the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200, so as to separate the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200.

[0090] The differential is provided with an axially switchable connecting piece 303, which realizes intelligent decoupling of the power source and the wheel shaft transmission. When the electromagnet 301 attracts the connecting piece 303 to enter the second state, the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 form mechanical decoupling, and the power source can completely stop running without being affected by the rotation of the wheel shaft, effectively reducing the energy loss in the non-driving working condition. Compared with the traditional clutch structure, this scheme can complete the power on-off control through a single electromagnetic actuator, which significantly simplifies the energy management complexity of the driving system.

[0091] In addition, when the electromagnet 301 is not powered, the reset piece 304 pushes the connecting piece 303 close to the differential gear 100, so that the connecting piece 303 is in the first state. By providing the reset piece 304, a bistable control mechanism of the electromagnetic execution system is constructed. In the power-off state, the power connection is automatically restored by mechanical elastic force, which ensures that the system has a failure protection feature. This design not only improves the reliability of the transmission system, but also avoids the energy waste caused by continuous power supply to maintain the connection state, and is particularly suitable for the intermittent driving needs of new energy vehicles.

[0092] In some embodiments, the disconnecting device 300 further comprises a moving piece 302. The electromagnet 301 is powered to attract the moving piece 302 to generate displacement, and the moving piece 302 drives the connecting piece 303 to move synchronously, the connecting piece 303 is used to connect the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200, so that the connecting piece 303 enters the first state. When the electromagnet 301 is not powered, the reset piece 304 pushes the moving piece 302 to move, so that the moving piece 302 drives the connecting piece 303 to return to the second state.

[0093] In the technical solution, the axial guiding design of the moving piece 302 optimizes the force transmission path, accurately converts the linear attraction motion of the electromagnet 301 into the axial displacement of the connecting piece 303. By setting the moving piece 302 rotating coaxially with the connecting piece 303, the power transmission interface and the actuator motion interface are physically separated, which not only ensures stable connection under high speed, but also reduces the rotational friction force that the electromagnet 301 needs to overcome. The structure makes the overall disconnecting device 300 more compact in axial size, and is particularly suitable for narrow hub space layout of electric vehicles.

[0094] In some embodiments, the reset piece 304 is arranged between the electromagnet 301 and the connecting piece 303. Further, the reset piece 304 is arranged between the electromagnet 301 and the moving piece 302.

[0095] In some embodiments, the electromagnet 301 is sleeved on the differential shaft 200 and located at the other end away from the differential gear 100, and the electromagnet is fixed on the inner wall of the protective shell surrounding the outside of the differential, without rotating. The electromagnet 301 generates magnetic force by power-on to attract the moving piece 302, so that the moving piece 302 generates displacement, and the moving piece 302 drives the connecting piece 303 to move to the second state; when power-off, the electromagnet 301 loses magnetic force, and the moving piece 302 is released, so that the moving piece 302 drives the connecting piece 303 to reset to the first state.

[0096] In some embodiments, the moving piece 302 is sleeved on the differential shaft 200 and located between the electromagnet 301 and the differential gear 100. The moving piece 302 and the connecting piece 303 are moved from the first state to the second state by the electromagnet 301.

[0097] In some embodiments, the connecting member 303 is sleeved on the differential shaft 200 and is located between the moving member 302 and the differential gear 100. The connecting member 303 is coaxially rotatable connected with the moving member 302. The connecting member 303 connects the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200, and makes the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 relatively fixed as a whole, so as to rotate synchronously. When the power source is disconnected with the wheel shaft, the connecting member 303 can be separated from the differential gear 100 or the differential shaft 200, or separated from both the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200, so that the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 can relatively rotate, and the power source does not rotate with the wheel shaft.

[0098] In some embodiments, the resetting member 304 is sleeved on the differential shaft 200 and is located between the electromagnet 301 and the moving member 302. The resetting member 304 is used to promote the moving member 302 in the second state to move back to the first state, so as to connect the connecting member 303 with the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 as a whole. The two ends of the resetting member 304 in the axial direction are fixedly connected with the electromagnet 301 and the moving member 302, respectively.

[0099] Further, the resetting member 304 is an elastic member, and the resetting member 304 promotes the moving member 302 to reset by elasticity. In the disconnected state, the resetting member 304 is compressed, and in the need of restoring the connection, the resetting member 304 restores the original shape to release the elastic force.

[0100] Preferably, the resetting member 304 is a bellows spring. The bellows spring has a smaller volume and a more uniform elastic force, which can ensure the stability of the disconnecting mechanism and make the volume of the disconnecting mechanism smaller.

[0101] In the above embodiments, the working process of the differential is as follows:

[0102] When it is needed to disconnect the power source from the wheel shaft to follow the rotation, the electromagnet 301 is powered and attracts the moving member 302. The moving member 302 drives the connecting member 303 to move axially away from the differential gear 100 along the differential shaft 200, the connecting member 303 is separated from the differential gear 100 and / or the differential shaft 200, the differential gear 100 stops rotating, and the differential shaft 200 rotates with the wheel shaft.

[0103] When it is needed to synchronize the power source with the wheel shaft, the electromagnet 301 is powered and attracts the moving member 302. The resetting member 304 drives the moving member 302 to drive the connecting member 303 to move axially close to the differential gear 100 along the differential shaft 200, the connecting member 303 is connected with the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200, so that the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 rotate synchronously.

[0104] In the above embodiment, the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 are connected in a relative rotation manner, so that they can rotate in an asynchronous manner. The differential gear 100 is connected with the power source, and the differential shaft 200 is connected with the wheel shaft. This configuration ensures that the power source can remain stationary when the wheels rotate, thereby avoiding the power source being dragged by the wheels without the driving of the power source, effectively reducing the energy loss of the vehicle. The connection or separation of the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 is achieved by the connecting piece 303, which rotates synchronously with the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 in the connected state, and asynchronously in the separated state. The moving piece 302 is connected with the connecting piece 303, and the moving piece 302 is moved axially by the attraction or release of the moving piece 302 by the energization and de-energization of the electromagnet 301. The moving piece 302 drives the connecting piece 303 to move, thereby achieving the connection or separation of the connecting piece 303 with the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200. After the connection is completed, the connecting piece 303 rotates synchronously with the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200, and the connecting piece 303 rotates relative to the moving piece 302, and the moving piece 302 and the reset piece 304 remain stationary. Compared with the existing differential disconnect mechanism, the number of parts of the design is less, the manufacturing and assembly process is simplified, the number of synchronously rotating parts is reduced, the structure is more stable, and the loss is relatively low.

[0105] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 The connecting piece 303 is connected with the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 through the cooperation of the lock slot and the lock block, respectively. When the lock block is inserted into the lock slot, the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 are connected and rotate synchronously. When the lock block is separated from the lock slot, the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 are separated, thereby achieving the movable connection and separation between the connecting piece 303 and the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200, without the need for additional parts, and the structure is compact. By using the cooperation of the lock slot and the lock block, the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 can be simply and reliably connected or separated, thereby synchronizing or disconnecting the rotation of the power source and the wheel shaft. This connection method has a simple structure, is easy to implement, and is stable in synchronous rotation, ensuring the performance of the differential in different working states.

[0106] In some embodiments, the connecting member 303 is provided with a gear lock block 305 and a differential lock block 306 at one end adjacent to the differential gear 100. The differential gear 100 is provided with a matching gear lock groove 101 corresponding to the gear lock block 305, and the differential shaft 200 is provided with a matching differential lock groove 201 corresponding to the differential lock block 306. When the connecting member 303 is displaced, the connecting member 303 is only disconnected from the differential shaft 200, and the connecting member 303 and the differential gear 100 remain connected through the lock groove and the lock block, which can avoid the problem of jamming when reconnecting due to the free rotation of the connecting member 303 when disconnected.

[0107] Further, the axial length of the gear lock block 305 and the differential lock block 306 is the same, and the differential gear 100 is adjacent to the end surface of the connecting member 303. Thus, the connecting member 303 remains connected to the differential gear 100 during movement. Compared with the scheme in which the connecting member 303 remains connected to the differential shaft 200, in the scheme of the present embodiment, after the synchronous rotation of the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 is disconnected, the connecting member 303 also gradually stops rotating with the differential gear 100, thereby reducing the number of components that continue to drag and rotate, and making the drag loss smaller.

[0108] In the present example, when the disconnecting device 300 is working, the state of the differential lock block 306 and the differential lock groove 201 changes as follows with the movement of the connecting member 303:

[0109] When the electromagnet 301 is energized, the connecting member 303 moves away from the differential gear 100, the gear lock block 305 partially exits the gear lock groove 101, and the differential lock block 306 completely exits the differential lock groove 201;

[0110] When the electromagnet 301 is de-energized, the connecting member 303 moves towards the differential gear 100, the gear lock block 305 is inserted into the gear lock groove 101, and the differential lock block 306 is inserted into the differential lock groove 201.

[0111] In some embodiments, the disconnecting device 300 further includes a slot position sensor for identifying the position of the differential lock groove 201. When the differential lock groove is in the same position as the gear lock groove 101, the electromagnet 301 is de-energized, the reset member 304 is pushed to reset, the differential lock block 306 is inserted into the differential lock groove 201, and the combination is completed. The slot position sensor ensures that the differential lock block 306 on the connecting member 303 can be accurately inserted into the differential lock groove 201, avoiding the problem of incorrect matching of the lock block and the lock groove due to positional deviation, thereby realizing reliable synchronous rotation connection of the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200.

[0112] In some embodiments, the moving part 302 is provided with a limiting sliding groove 307, and a matching limiting guide is provided on the corresponding sliding groove of the driving shell. When the moving part 302 moves, the sliding groove and the guide slide relative to each other. The cooperation between the limiting sliding groove 307 and the limiting guide between the moving part 302 and the stationary driving shell guides the moving part 302 when it reciprocally moves, ensures that the moving part 302 strictly moves along the axial direction of the differential shaft 200, avoids the moving part 302 from deviating or shaking during the movement, and thus guarantees the stability and reliability of the disconnection device 300 during operation.

[0113] In some embodiments, the moving part 302 is in surface contact with the driving shell, so that the moving part 302 can be effectively supported at each position during the axial movement along the differential shaft 200, and the sliding of the moving part 302 avoids the tilting and jamming phenomenon, thereby enhancing the stability of the entire disconnection device 300 during operation.

[0114] In some embodiments, the moving part 302 is connected with the connecting part 303 through a bearing, and the differential gear 100 is connected with the differential shaft 200 through a bearing to realize relative rotation. When the connecting part 303 synchronously rotates with the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 during the operation of the differential, the moving part 302 only moves axially under the action of the electromagnet 301 and the reset part 304 and does not participate in rotation. The differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 need to be able to rotate relative to each other to realize the differential function and the asynchronous rotation between the power source and the wheel shaft, and the use of the bearing enables the two to flexibly rotate relative to each other on the same shaft.

[0115] In addition, the application also provides a differential, which comprises a differential shaft 200, a differential gear 100, and a disconnection device 300. The differential shaft 200 is connected with a wheel shaft, the differential gear 100 is connected with a power source, the differential gear 100 is sleeved on the differential shaft 200 and can rotate coaxially and asynchronously with the differential shaft 200. The disconnection device 300 is arranged on the side of the differential shaft 200, one end of the disconnection device 300 is fixed on a driving shell, and the other end can be connected or disconnected with the differential shaft 200 and the differential gear 100. When connected, the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 become an integral part that cannot rotate relative to each other, and when disconnected, the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 become two parts that can rotate relative to each other. When the engine is directly driven, it is necessary to disconnect the power source and the drag of the wheel. At this time, the disconnection device 300 works, the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 can rotate relative to each other, the differential shaft 200 continues to rotate under the driving of the wheel, and the differential gear 100 and the power source gradually stop rotating.

[0116] The disconnecting device 300 comprises a ring-shaped fixing member, an electromagnet, a connecting member 303 and a reset member. The fixing member is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the driving housing. The electromagnet is arranged between the differential gear 100 and the fixing member and can move axially along the differential shaft 200. The connecting member 303 is sleeved on the differential shaft 200 and arranged between the differential gear 100 and the electromagnet. The connecting member 303 is coaxially connected to the electromagnet and can connect the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 to rotate synchronously. The connecting member 303 can be separated from the differential shaft 200 to allow the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 to rotate relatively. The reset member is arranged between the electromagnet and the fixing member.

[0117] In the embodiment, the working process of the differential includes:

[0118] When the power source needs to be disconnected from the wheel shaft, the electromagnet is powered on and attracts the fixing member. The electromagnet drives the connecting member 303 to move axially away from the differential gear 100 along the differential shaft 200, the connecting member 303 is separated from the differential shaft 200, the differential gear 100 stops rotating, and the differential shaft 200 rotates with the wheel shaft.

[0119] When the power source needs to rotate synchronously with the wheel shaft, the electromagnet is powered off and separated from the fixing member. The reset member drives the electromagnet to move axially towards the differential gear 100 along the differential shaft 200. The connecting member 303 is connected to the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 to rotate synchronously.

[0120] In the embodiment, the power-on and power-off of the electromagnet are used to realize the connection and separation of the connecting member 303, the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200. When the electromagnet is powered on, it attracts the fixing member and drives the connecting member 303 to move, so that the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 are separated. When the electromagnet is powered off, the reset member drives the electromagnet to move back, the connecting member 303 reconnects the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200, and the two rotate synchronously. The design has fewer parts, the manufacturing and assembly process is simpler, the number of synchronous rotating parts is reduced, the structure is more stable, and the loss is relatively low.

[0121] Further, the application also provides a differential mechanism, which comprises a differential shaft 200, a differential gear 100 and a disconnecting device 300. The differential shaft 200 is connected with a wheel shaft, the differential gear 100 is connected with a power source, the differential gear 100 is sleeved on the differential shaft 200 and can rotate asynchronously with the differential shaft 200. The disconnecting device 300 is sleeved on the periphery of the differential shaft 200, one end of the disconnecting device 300 is fixed on a driving housing, and the other end can be connected with or disconnected from the differential shaft 200 and the differential gear 100. When connected, the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 become an integral part that cannot rotate relatively; when disconnected, the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 become two parts that can rotate relatively. When the engine is directly driven, it is necessary to disconnect the power source and the dragging of the wheel, at this time, the disconnecting device 300 works, so that the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 can rotate relatively, the differential shaft 200 continues to rotate under the driving of the wheel, and the differential gear 100 and the power source gradually stop rotating.

[0122] In the embodiment, the disconnecting device 300 comprises a ring-shaped electromagnet, a permanent magnet, a connecting piece 303 and a reset piece. The electromagnet is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the driving housing. The permanent magnet is arranged between the differential gear 100 and the electromagnet and can move reciprocatingly along the differential shaft 200 in the axial direction. The connecting piece 303 is sleeved on the periphery of the differential shaft 200 and located between the differential gear 100 and the permanent magnet, and the connecting piece 303 is coaxially rotatably connected with the permanent magnet. The connecting piece 303 connects the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200, so that the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 rotate synchronously; the connecting piece 303 is separated from the differential shaft 200, so that the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 can rotate relatively.

[0123] In the embodiment, the working process of the differential mechanism comprises the following steps:

[0124] When it is necessary to disconnect the power source and the wheel shaft from the following rotation, the electromagnet is forwardly energized and attracts the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet drives the connecting piece 303 to move away from the differential gear 100 along the differential shaft 200 in the axial direction, the connecting piece 303 is separated from the differential shaft 200, the differential gear 100 stops rotating, and the differential shaft 200 rotates following the wheel shaft.

[0125] When it is necessary to make the power source and the wheel shaft rotate synchronously, the electromagnet is reversely energized and repels the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet drives the connecting piece 303 to move back to the differential gear 100 along the differential shaft 200 in the axial direction, the connecting piece 303 is connected with the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200, so that the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200 rotate synchronously.

[0126] In the embodiment, the electromagnet is forward and reverse energized to realize the adsorption and repulsion of the permanent magnet respectively, and then control the connection and separation of the connecting piece 303 and the differential gear 100 and the differential shaft 200. The electromagnet and the permanent magnet interact through electromagnetic force, and the force transmission and the movement of the components can be realized without mechanical contact, which avoids mechanical wear and jamming phenomenon, and the connecting piece 303 movement is realized without a special reset piece. Further reduce the number of parts of the disconnecting device 300, the number of parts of the design is less, the manufacturing and assembly process is more simple, the synchronous rotating components are reduced, the structure is more stable, and the loss is relatively low.

[0127] In addition, the application also provides a vehicle, comprising a vehicle body;

[0128] An electric drive axle is arranged on the vehicle body, and the electric drive axle comprises the differential, the wheel shaft, the wheel and the power source as described above. The wheel shaft is connected to the vehicle body; the wheel is arranged on the wheel shaft; the power source is arranged on the vehicle body; and the differential in the electric drive axle connects the wheel shaft and the power source.

[0129] Through the above scheme, the differential can be used to flexibly disconnect or connect the power source and the wheel shaft. When the vehicle does not need the power source to provide power, the connection can be disconnected to avoid the power source being dragged in reverse by the wheel to generate additional energy loss.

[0130] In some embodiments of the application, the electric drive axle comprises a protective shell, the differential is arranged in the protective shell, and the electromagnet 301 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell. The protective shell is used to protect the differential.

[0131] In some embodiments, the power source can be an engine, an electric motor or other power output source.

[0132] The differential can be used to flexibly disconnect or connect the power source and the wheel shaft. When the vehicle does not need the power source to provide power, the connection can be disconnected to avoid the power source being dragged in reverse by the wheel to generate additional energy loss.

[0133] Although the embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the utility model, and those skilled in the art can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A differential characterized in that, It includes: Differential shaft (200) for connecting wheel shaft; Differential gear (100) sleeved on the differential shaft (200) and coaxially rotatable relative to the differential shaft (200), the differential gear (100) is used for connecting power source; Disconnecting device (300), the disconnecting device (300) includes: Connecting piece (303), in the first state, the differential gear (100) and the differential shaft (200) are connected and synchronously rotated by the connecting piece (303); in the second state, the differential gear (100) and the differential shaft (200) are separated; Electromagnet (301) for adsorbing the connecting piece (303) to switch the connecting piece (303) between the first state and the second state.

2. The differential of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising reset member (304) arranged between the electromagnet (301) and connecting piece (303); When the electromagnet (301) is not powered, the reset member (304) pushes the connecting piece (303) close to the differential gear (100), so that the connecting piece (303) is in the first state.

3. The differential of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising moving piece (302) arranged between the differential gear (100) and electromagnet (301) and axially reciprocatingly movable along the differential shaft (200); The connecting piece (303) is sleeved between the differential gear (100) and the moving piece (302), and the connecting piece (303) is coaxially rotatable with the moving piece (302).

4. The differential of claim 3 wherein, The moving piece (302) and the connecting piece (303) are connected by bearings, and the differential gear (100) and the differential shaft (200) are connected by bearings.

5. The differential of claim 1, wherein, The connecting piece (303) is connected with the differential gear (100) and the differential shaft (200) through lock slot and lock block cooperation, when the lock block is inserted into the lock slot, the differential gear (100) and the differential shaft (200) are connected and synchronously rotated, when the lock block is separated from the lock slot, the differential gear (100) and the differential shaft (200) are separated.

6. The differential of claim 1, wherein, The connecting piece (303) is provided with gear lock block (305) and differential lock block (306) adjacent to one end of the differential gear (100), the differential gear (100) is provided with matching gear lock slot (101) corresponding to the gear lock block (305), and the differential shaft (200) is provided with matching differential lock slot (201) corresponding to the differential lock block (306); When the electromagnet (301) is powered, the connecting piece (303) moves away from the differential gear (100), the gear lock block (305) partially comes out of the gear lock slot (101), and the differential lock block (306) completely comes out of the differential lock slot (201); When the electromagnet (301) is powered off, the connecting piece (303) moves back to the direction close to the differential gear (100), the gear locking block (305) is inserted into the gear locking slot (101), and the differential locking block (306) is inserted into the differential locking slot (201).

7. The differential of claim 6 wherein, The disconnecting device (300) further comprises a slot position sensor for identifying the position of the differential locking slot (201).

8. The differential of claim 3 wherein, The differential is arranged in a protective shell, a limiting sliding groove (307) is arranged on the moving piece (302), and a matching limiting guide is arranged on the protective shell corresponding to the sliding groove, and the sliding groove and the guide slide relative to each other when the moving piece (302) moves.

9. A vehicle characterized by comprising: Comprise: A vehicle body; An electric drive axle arranged on the vehicle body, the electric drive axle comprising the differential according to any one of claims 1 to 8; A wheel shaft connected to the vehicle body; A wheel arranged on the wheel shaft; A power source arranged on the vehicle body; The differential in the electric drive axle connects the wheel shaft and the power source.

10. The vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that The electric drive axle comprises a protective shell, and the differential is arranged in the protective shell, and the electromagnet (301) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the protective shell.

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