Off-grid hydrogen energy poly-generation system based on renewable energy sources

Abstract

The utility model relates to an off-grid hydrogen energy poly-generation system based on renewable energy sources. The off-grid hydrogen energy poly-generation system comprises a power supply module, an electrochemical energy storage device, a hydrogen storage tank, a hydrogen production module, a hydrogen fuel cell and a heat exchange module, the output end of the power supply module is respectively connected with the input end of the hydrogen production module and the electrochemical energy storage module through a power bus; the input end of the hydrogen production module is connected with seawater, and the output end of the hydrogen production module is connected with the input ends of the hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen fuel cell and the input end of the heat exchange module; the hydrogen fuel cell is connected with the heat exchange module; the heat exchange module is used for heating fresh water output by the hydrogen production module. According to the system, various renewable energy sources such as wind energy and solar energy are integrated, the problems of intermittency and instability of a single energy source are effectively solved through unified allocation of the power bus, and the reliability of energy supply is improved. By means of the seawater desalination device, the system can directly obtain fresh water from seawater, the problems that island fresh water supply is unstable and cost is high are solved, and meanwhile drinking water and hot water are provided for residents.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of off-grid hydrogen energy polygeneration systems based on renewable energy, belong to new energy and hydrogen energy technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the acceleration of island development, the contradiction between the demand and production capacity of island energy supply is increasingly prominent. For those islands far from the mainland, due to the lack of water supply and power supply pipeline conditions connected with the mainland, the fresh water supply of these islands mainly depends on the collection of natural precipitation or transportation from outside the island, which not only leads to unstable water supply, but also makes the water supply cost relatively high. The acquisition of domestic hot water mainly depends on technologies such as heat pumps, which further increases the demand for electricity. In terms of power supply, islands usually rely on diesel generators or renewable energy. Among them, the diesel generator produces a lot of noise when running and increases carbon emissions; while renewable energy (such as wind energy and solar energy) is environmentally friendly, but has the characteristics of intermittency and strong randomness, and is highly dependent on environmental conditions, which is not suitable for being used as the main source of electricity for islands alone. In order to ensure the stability of the micro-grid, it is usually necessary to use energy storage devices in combination.

[0003] Under the current technical conditions, the energy storage technologies suitable for islands include pumped storage, compressed air storage, electrochemical energy storage and hydrogen energy storage, etc. Although pumped storage and large-scale compressed air storage technologies can achieve large power and large-scale energy storage, they have very strict requirements for site natural conditions. Considering the geographical characteristics of islands, it is unrealistic to build pumped storage power stations or large-scale compressed air energy storage power stations. In contrast, electrochemical energy storage systems (such as lithium-ion batteries) and hydrogen energy storage systems have become ideal solutions to solve the island energy supply problem due to their flexible installation and rapid response. They not only can effectively alleviate the uncertainty and volatility of renewable energy power supply, but also can greatly reduce the dependence on fossil fuels, providing a cleaner and more reliable energy solution for islands. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides an off-grid hydrogen energy polygeneration system based on renewable energy.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0006] An off-grid hydrogen energy polygeneration system based on renewable energy, comprising a power supply module, an electrochemical energy storage module, a hydrogen production module, a hydrogen storage tank, a hydrogen fuel cell and a heat exchange module.

[0007] The output end of the power supply module is connected to the electrochemical energy storage module through a power bus.

[0008] The hydrogen production module comprises a seawater pump, a seawater desalination device, a solar heat collecting device and an electrolytic cell; seawater is pumped into the seawater desalination device by the seawater pump, the fresh water output end of the seawater desalination device is connected with a drinking water user, the input end of a heat exchange module and the input end of the solar heat collecting device respectively, and the power input end of the seawater desalination device is connected with a power bus;

[0009] The output end of the solar heat collecting device is connected with the water input end of the electrolytic cell, the power input end of the electrolytic cell is connected with the power bus, the hydrogen gas output end of the electrolytic cell is connected with a hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen gas input end of a hydrogen fuel cell;

[0010] The hydrogen fuel cell is connected with the heat exchange module, and the power output end of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected with the power bus; the heat exchange module is used for heat exchanging the cold water output by the seawater desalination device and the hot water output by the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0011] The terminal of the power bus is connected with an electric user.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the power supply module comprises a wind power generation device and a photovoltaic power generation device;

[0013] The power output ends of the wind power generation device and the photovoltaic power generation device are connected with the power bus.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the heat exchange module comprises a heat exchanger, a circulating pump and an air cooler; the output end of the seawater desalination device is connected with the first input end of the heat exchanger, the first output end of the heat exchanger is connected with a hot water user; the second input end of the heat exchanger is connected with the hot water output end of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the second output end of the heat exchanger is connected with the cold water input end of the hydrogen fuel cell through the circulating pump and the air cooler.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the hydrogen gas output end of the electrolytic cell is connected with the hydrogen gas input end of the hydrogen fuel cell through a first regulating valve.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the first output end of the heat exchanger is connected with the hot water user through a second regulating valve.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the seawater desalination device adopts a desalination seawater device formed by reverse osmosis membrane method, electrodialysis method, ion exchange method, solar seawater desalination method or combination of two or more above-mentioned methods.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the solar heat collecting device adopts a tower type, a trough type or a linear Fresnel type solar heat collecting device.

[0019] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The utility model integrates wind energy, solar energy and other renewable energy, which is uniformly distributed through the power bus, effectively solves the problem of intermittent and unstable single energy, and improves the reliability of energy supply. Through the seawater desalination device, the system can directly obtain fresh water from seawater, solves the problem of unstable and high cost of island fresh water supply, and provides drinking water and hot water for residents. The system uses renewable energy to generate electricity, combined with hydrogen fuel cell power generation, reduces the dependence on diesel generators, reduces carbon emissions and operating costs, and avoids noise pollution of traditional generators. Hydrogen energy storage system combined with electrochemical energy storage can effectively alleviate the volatility of renewable energy generation. Hydrogen can be stored when there is excess power, and hydrogen fuel cell power generation when there is insufficient power, improving the stability and flexibility of the system. The solar heat collecting device between the seawater desalination device and the electrolytic cell fully utilizes the solar energy of the island, fully heats the fresh water entering the electrolytic cell, so as to improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolytic cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Fig. 1 It is a system module connection diagram of the utility model.

[0022] Fig. 2 It is a system connection diagram of the utility model.

[0023] The reference signs in the drawing represent:

[0024] 1, wind power generation equipment and photovoltaic power generation equipment; 2, electrochemical energy storage module; 3, power bus; 4, seawater pump; 5, seawater desalination device; 6, solar heat collecting device; 7, electrolytic cell; 8, hydrogen storage tank; 9, first regulating valve; 10, hydrogen fuel cell; 11, second regulating valve; 12, heat exchanger; 13, circulating pump; 14, air cooler; 15, electric user; 16, hot water user; 17, drinking water user. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] It should be understood that the step numbers used herein are only for the convenience of description, and are not limited to the execution sequence of the steps.

[0027] It is to be understood that the terms used in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the specification of the present application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0028] The terms "comprise" and "include" indicate the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0029] The term "and / or" refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations thereof, and includes these combinations.

[0030] Embodiment one:

[0031] Referring to Figs. 1-2 A renewable energy-based off-grid hydrogen energy poly-generation system, comprising a power supply module, an electrochemical energy storage module 2, a hydrogen production module, a hydrogen storage tank 8, a hydrogen fuel cell 10 and a heat exchange module;

[0032] The output end of the power supply module is connected to an input end of the hydrogen production module and the electrochemical energy storage module 2 through a power bus 3 respectively;

[0033] Another input end of the hydrogen production module is connected to seawater, and the output end of the hydrogen production module is connected to the input end of the hydrogen storage tank 8, the input end of the hydrogen fuel cell 10 and the input end of the heat exchange module respectively, specifically by a pipeline; The fresh water produced by the hydrogen production module is transmitted to the heat exchange module and the drinking water user 17 respectively, and the hydrogen gas is transported to the hydrogen storage tank 8 and the hydrogen fuel cell 10 respectively.

[0034] The hydrogen fuel cell 10 is connected to the heat exchange module, specifically by a pipeline, and the power output end of the hydrogen fuel cell 10 is connected to the power bus 3; In this embodiment, the hydrogen fuel cell 10 is a set of parallel battery packs. The heat exchange module is used to heat the fresh water output by the hydrogen production module and cool the hot water generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 10 by heat exchange between the cold water output by the hydrogen production module and the hot water output by the hydrogen fuel cell 10.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the power supply module comprises a wind power generation device and a photovoltaic power generation device 1; The power output end of the wind power generation device and the photovoltaic power generation device 1 is connected to the power bus 3.

[0036] The electrochemical energy storage is connected to the power bus 3 for power storage or power supply.

[0037] As the preferred embodiment of the utility model, the hydrogen production module comprises a seawater pump 4, a seawater desalination device 5, a solar heat collecting device 6 and an electrolytic cell 7; seawater is pumped into the seawater desalination device 5 through the seawater pump 4, the fresh water output end of the seawater desalination device 5 is connected with the drinking water user 17, the input end of the heat exchange module and the input end of the solar heat collecting device 6 respectively, and the power input end of the seawater desalination device 5 is connected with the power bus 3;

[0038] The seawater desalination device 5 can adopt reverse osmosis membrane method, electrodialysis method, ion exchange method, can also adopt solar seawater desalination method, or the device for desalinating seawater formed by the combination of several methods.

[0039] The output end of the solar heat collecting device 6 is connected with the water input end of the electrolytic cell 7, the solar heat collecting device 6 can be a tower type, a groove type and a linear Fresnel type solar heat collecting device 6, so as to gather solar energy and transmit the solar energy to fresh water, so that the temperature of the fresh water is increased to improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolytic cell 7, the power input end of the electrolytic cell 7 is connected with the power bus 3, the hydrogen gas output end of the electrolytic cell 7 is connected with the hydrogen storage tank 8 respectively, and is connected with the hydrogen gas input end of the hydrogen fuel cell 10 through the first regulating valve 9.

[0040] As the preferred embodiment of the utility model, the heat exchange module comprises a heat exchanger 12, a circulating pump 13 and an air cooler 14; the output end of the seawater desalination device 5 is connected with the first input end of the heat exchanger 12, the first output end of the heat exchanger 12 is connected with the hot water user 16 through the second regulating valve 11; the second input end of the heat exchanger 12 is connected with the hot water output end of the hydrogen fuel cell 10, and the second output end of the heat exchanger 12 is connected with the cold water input end of the hydrogen fuel cell 10 through the circulating pump 13 and the air cooler 14.

[0041] The power bus 3 is connected with the electric user 15.

[0042] In the case that the power generation of the wind power generation device and the photovoltaic power generation device 1 is greater than the power demand, the power generation of the wind power generation device and the photovoltaic power generation device 1 is transmitted to the power bus 3, first transmitted to the electric user 15 and the seawater desalination device 5 respectively to meet the basic power demand, and the surplus power is transmitted to the electrolytic tank 7 and the electrochemical energy storage module 2 respectively for hydrogen production and power storage. The seawater desalination device 5 receives the power transmitted by the power bus 3, desalts the seawater transmitted by the seawater pump 4 into fresh water, and transmits the fresh water to the electrolytic tank 7, the drinking water user 17 and the heat exchanger 12 respectively. The solar heat collector 6 between the seawater desalination device 5 and the electrolytic tank 7 is used to heat the fresh water entering the electrolytic tank 7 to improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolytic tank 7. A part of the hydrogen produced by the electrolytic tank 7 enters the hydrogen storage tank 8 for storage, and a part enters the hydrogen fuel cell 10 to generate power. The hydrogen entering the hydrogen fuel cell 10 is adjusted by the first adjusting valve 9 to control the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 10. The hydrogen and oxygen in the air in the hydrogen fuel cell 10 react to generate power and heat medium, and exhaust gas is discharged, the generated power is transmitted to the power bus 3 through the power cable, and the generated heat medium is transmitted to the heat exchanger 12 through the hot water output end of the hydrogen fuel cell 10, the circulating pump 13 and the second input end of the heat exchanger 12, and is exchanged with the fresh water from the seawater desalination device 5 input through the first input end of the heat exchanger 12 to cool down, and then returns to the hydrogen fuel cell 10 from the cold water input end of the hydrogen fuel cell 10 through the second output end of the heat exchanger 12 and the air cooler 14, wherein the air cooler 14 is used for cooling the hydrogen fuel cell 10 in the case of accident. The fresh water absorbs the heat transferred by the heat medium in the heat exchanger 12, is heated to form hot water, and is transmitted to the hot water user 16, wherein the second adjusting valve 11 is used to adjust the flow of fresh water entering the heat exchanger 12.

[0043] In the case that the power generation of the wind power generation device and the photovoltaic power generation device 1 is less than the power supply demand, the power generation of the wind power and the photovoltaic power is transmitted to the power bus 3, and is respectively transmitted to the electric user 15 and the seawater desalination device 5 to meet the basic power demand, and the insufficient part is supplemented by the power generation of the electrochemical energy storage module 2 and the hydrogen fuel cell 10. The seawater desalination device 5 receives the power transmitted by the power bus 3, desalts the seawater transmitted by the seawater pump 4 into fresh water, and transmits the fresh water to the drinking water user 17 and the heat exchanger 12 respectively. The hydrogen required for the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell 10 is provided by the hydrogen storage tank 8, and the hydrogen entering the hydrogen fuel cell 10 is adjusted by the first adjusting valve 9 to control the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 10. The hydrogen in the hydrogen fuel cell 10 and the oxygen in the air react to generate power and heat medium, and exhaust gas is discharged, wherein the power is transmitted to the power bus 3 through the power cable, and the heat medium generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 10 is transmitted to the heat exchanger 12 through the hot water output end of the hydrogen fuel cell 10, the circulating pump 13 and the second input end of the heat exchanger 12, and is heat-exchanged with the fresh water from the seawater desalination device 5 input through the first input end of the heat exchanger 12 to be cooled, and then returns to the hydrogen fuel cell 10 from the cold water input end of the hydrogen fuel cell 10 through the second output end of the heat exchanger 12 and the air cooler 14, wherein the air cooler 14 is used for cooling the hydrogen fuel cell 10 in the case of an accident. The fresh water absorbs the heat transferred by the heat medium in the heat exchanger 12, is heated to form hot water, and is then transmitted to the hot water user 16, wherein the second adjusting valve 11 is used for adjusting the flow of the fresh water entering the heat exchanger 12.

[0044] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. The association relationship of the associated objects is described by "and / or", which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B, which means that A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. Wherein A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects. "At least one of the following" and the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b and c can mean: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, wherein a, b, c can be single or multiple. The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent range of the present application, and any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation using the content of the present application specification and drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection range of the present application.

Claims

1. A renewable energy based off-grid hydrogen energy poly-generation system, characterized in that, The power supply module, the electrochemical energy storage module (2), the hydrogen production module, the hydrogen storage tank (8), the hydrogen fuel cell (10) and the heat exchange module are included; The output end of the power supply module is connected with the electrochemical energy storage module (2) through the power bus (3); The hydrogen production module includes a seawater pump (4), a seawater desalination device (5), a solar heat collecting device (6) and an electrolytic cell (7); seawater is pumped into the seawater desalination device (5) through the seawater pump (4), the fresh water output end of the seawater desalination device (5) is connected with the drinking water user (17), the input end of the heat exchange module and the input end of the solar heat collecting device (6) respectively, and the power input end of the seawater desalination device (5) is connected with the power bus (3); The output end of the solar heat collecting device (6) is connected with the water input end of the electrolytic cell (7), the power input end of the electrolytic cell (7) is connected with the power bus (3), the hydrogen output end of the electrolytic cell (7) is connected with the hydrogen storage tank (8) and the hydrogen input end of the hydrogen fuel cell (10); The hydrogen fuel cell (10) is connected with the heat exchange module, and the power output end of the hydrogen fuel cell (10) is connected with the power bus (3); the heat exchange module is used for heat exchange between the cold water output by the seawater desalination device (5) and the hot water output by the hydrogen fuel cell (10); The terminal of the power bus (3) is connected with the electric user (15).

2. The off-grid based renewable energy based hydrogen energy polygeneration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The power supply module includes a wind power generation device and a photovoltaic power generation device (1); The power output end of the wind power generation device and the photovoltaic power generation device (1) is connected with the power bus (3).

3. The renewable energy-based off-grid type hydrogen energy polygeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange module includes a heat exchanger (12), a circulating pump (13) and an air cooler (14); the output end of the seawater desalination device (5) is connected with the first input end of the heat exchanger (12), the first output end of the heat exchanger (12) is connected with the hot water user (16); the second input end of the heat exchanger (12) is connected with the hot water output end of the hydrogen fuel cell (10), and the second output end of the heat exchanger (12) is connected with the cold water input end of the hydrogen fuel cell (10) through the circulating pump (13) and the air cooler (14).

4. The renewable energy-based off-grid type hydrogen energy polygeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen output end of the electrolytic cell (7) is connected with the hydrogen input end of the hydrogen fuel cell (10) through the first adjusting valve (9).

5. The renewable energy-based off-grid type hydrogen energy polygeneration system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first output end of the heat exchanger (12) is connected with the hot water user (16) through the second adjusting valve (11).

6. The renewable energy-based off-grid type hydrogen energy polygeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seawater desalination device (5) adopts a desalination seawater device formed by reverse osmosis membrane method, electrodialysis method, ion exchange method, solar seawater desalination method or combination of two or more of the above methods.

7. The renewable energy-based off-grid type hydrogen energy polygeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar heat collecting device (6) adopts a tower type, a trough type or a linear Fresnel type solar heat collecting device (6).

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