Continuous plastic pyrolysis reactor for screening carbon products based on fluidizing medium density difference

Abstract

The utility model discloses a continuous plastic pyrolysis reactor for screening carbon products based on fluidizing medium density difference. The continuous catalytic reactor comprises a shell, a gas outlet, a gas inlet, a separation ring, a catalyst feeding pipe and a circulating pipe. Wherein an accommodating cavity is formed in the shell; the air outlet is formed in the upper part of the shell; the air inlet is formed in the lower part of the shell; the separation ring is arranged in the containing cavity and is of a conical annular shell structure, the lower end of the separation ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell, and a discharging opening is formed in the upper end of the separation ring; the separation ring divides the accommodating cavity into a reaction cavity positioned below the separation ring and a screening cavity positioned above the separation ring; the catalyst feeding pipe is arranged at the upper part of the shell and extends into the reaction cavity; the circulating pipe is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, the upper end of the circulating pipe communicates with the screening cavity, and the lower end of the circulating pipe communicates with the reaction cavity. The continuous pyrolysis reactor provided by the utility model has relatively high carbon nanotube separation efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to waste plastics pyrolysis technical field especially relates to a continuous type plastic pyrolysis reactor based on fluidized medium density difference screening carbon product. BACKGROUND

[0002] Pyrolysis can be carried out on waste plastics, and the mixed gas after waste plastics pyrolysis can be reacted with the catalyst to prepare carbon nanotubes. The reaction of the mixed gas with the catalyst can be carried out in a continuous catalytic reactor to generate carbon nanotubes with catalyst attached.

[0003] The continuous catalytic reactor provided by Chinese patent application CN116333774A can separate carbon nanotubes with different carbon deposition amounts, but the separation efficiency is not high. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the utility model provides a continuous type plastic pyrolysis reactor based on fluidized medium density difference screening carbon product, which has a simple structure, a clever design, and can improve the separation efficiency of carbon nanotubes with different carbon deposition amounts. The technical scheme of the utility model is introduced as follows.

[0005] The utility model provides a continuous type plastic pyrolysis reactor based on fluidized medium density difference screening carbon product, which is used to prepare carbon nanotubes by using the mixed gas after waste plastics pyrolysis, and comprises a shell, a gas outlet, a gas inlet, a separation ring, a catalyst feed pipe and a circulation pipe. The shell forms a containing cavity inside. The gas outlet is arranged at the upper part of the shell. The gas inlet is arranged at the lower part of the shell. The separation ring is arranged in the containing cavity and has a conical ring-shaped shell structure. The lower end of the separation ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell, and the upper end of the separation ring forms a discharge port. The separation ring divides the containing cavity into a reaction chamber below the separation ring and a screening chamber above the separation ring. The catalyst feed pipe is arranged at the upper part of the shell and extends into the reaction chamber. The circulation pipe is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, and the upper end of the circulation pipe is connected to the screening chamber, and the lower end of the circulation pipe is connected to the reaction chamber.

[0006] In the utility model, the shell is cylindrical, and the separation ring is conical.

[0007] In the utility model, the cross-sectional shape of the separation ring extending in the vertical direction is arc-shaped.

[0008] In the utility model, the cross-sectional arc of the separation ring is curved towards the shell or curved towards the axis of the shell.

[0009] In the utility model, the tangent line of the upper end of the cross section of the separation ring extending in the vertical direction extends in the vertical direction.

[0010] The tangent line of the lower end of the section of the separation ring extending in the vertical direction is arranged to extend in the horizontal direction.

[0011] In the utility model, the upper end of the separation ring and the inner wall of the shell are provided with a reinforcing piece.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

[0013] In the continuous catalytic reactor, the mixed gas and the catalyst react in the reaction cavity to generate carbon nanotubes with catalyst attached, and as the carbon deposition amount of the carbon nanotubes increases, the density of the carbon nanotubes becomes lighter, and the carbon nanotubes can rise with the airflow of the mixed gas and enter the screening cavity through the discharge port; the density of the carbon nanotubes with a smaller carbon deposition amount is larger, and due to the blocking effect of the separation ring, the carbon nanotubes cannot enter the screening cavity. In the embodiment, the separation ring is a ring-shaped shell structure, the lower end of the separation ring is continuously connected to the inner wall of the shell without a gap, the separation ring can form a better blocking effect on the carbon nanotubes, and the carbon nanotubes with a smaller carbon deposition amount can be better blocked, thereby improving the separation efficiency of the carbon nanotubes. Meanwhile, the carbon nanotubes with a smaller carbon deposition amount entering the screening cavity can re-enter the reaction cavity through the circulation pipe for continuous reaction, thereby further providing the carbon deposition amount of the carbon nanotubes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows, and obviously, other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0015] The drawings are incorporated into the specification and form part of the specification, and the drawings show embodiments consistent with the present application and are used together with the specification to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application.

[0016] Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic view of a continuous catalytic reactor provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic view of another continuous catalytic reactor provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic view of still another continuous catalytic reactor provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Reference signs:

[0020] 1. housing; 11. reaction chamber; 12. screening chamber; 2. gas outlet; 3. gas inlet; 4. separation ring; 5. catalyst feed pipe; 6. circulation pipe; 7. reinforcement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the application examples will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the application examples. Obviously, the described examples are only some of the examples of the present application, not all examples. Based on the examples in the present application, all other examples obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should be within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] With the development of waste plastic pyrolysis utilization technology, the mixed gas after waste plastic pyrolysis can be used to make carbon nanotubes. Specifically, the above-mentioned mixed gas can be introduced into a continuous catalytic reactor, and a catalyst can be introduced into the continuous catalytic reactor, and the catalyst and the mixed gas can be reacted to obtain carbon nanotubes.

[0023] For example, a Ni-Fe bimetallic catalyst can be used as the catalyst in the present application. For this, the process of obtaining carbon nanotubes can be briefly described as follows:

[0024] The carbon precursor is activated after contacting the catalyst metal particles, and hydrogen and amorphous carbon are obtained by cracking. The amorphous carbon enters the metal particle phase under the temperature and concentration gradient, and forms Fe3C with Fe. The metal Ni exists in the catalyst particles as Ni-Fe eutectic, and participates in the catalytic cracking of the carbon precursor together with the metal cementite Fe3C, providing a continuous source of amorphous carbon for the metal particles. With the gradual increase of carbon entering the catalyst particles, the Fe3C and Ni-Fe eutectic catalytic carbon in the metal particles diffuses, and the graphene carbon layer is precipitated. Finally, with the formation and growth of new graphene layers, carbon nanotubes are finally obtained.

[0025] Therefore, the present application provides a continuous plastic pyrolysis reactor for screening carbon products based on the density difference of fluidized medium, which can be used to prepare carbon nanotubes from the mixed gas after waste plastic pyrolysis.

[0026] Specifically, referring to Figures 1 to 3The continuous catalytic reactor comprises a shell 1, an air outlet 2, an air inlet 3, a separation ring 4, a catalyst feeding pipe 5 and a circulation pipe 6. The shell 1 is internally formed with a containing cavity. The air outlet 2 is arranged at the upper portion of the shell 1. The air inlet 3 is arranged at the lower portion of the shell 1 and is used to introduce mixed gas into the containing cavity. The separation ring 4 is arranged in the containing cavity and is in the form of a ring-shaped housing structure. The lower end of the separation ring 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1, and the upper end of the separation ring 4 is formed with a discharge port. The separation ring 4 divides the containing cavity into a reaction cavity 11 located below the separation ring 4 and a screening cavity 12 located above the separation ring 4. The catalyst feeding pipe 5 is arranged at the upper portion of the shell 1 and extends into the reaction cavity 11 and is used to add catalyst into the reaction cavity 11. The circulation pipe 6 is arranged on the inner wall of the shell 1. The upper end of the circulation pipe 6 is communicated with the screening cavity 12, and the lower end of the circulation pipe 6 is communicated with the reaction cavity 11.

[0027] It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the air inlet 3 can be communicated with a device for pyrolyzing waste plastics, so that the mixed gas after pyrolyzing the waste plastics can be introduced into the containing cavity through the air inlet 3. At the same time, the catalyst can be added into the containing cavity through the catalyst feeding pipe 5. In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the specific type of the catalyst is not limited, for example, the catalyst can be a Ni-Fe bimetallic catalyst, a pure iron catalyst or other types of catalysts. On this basis, the mixed gas and the catalyst can be reacted in the containing cavity to generate carbon nanotubes with catalyst attached.

[0028] Further, the gas flow of the mixed gas can be used to transport the carbon nanotubes to the air outlet 2, so as to transport the carbon nanotubes to subsequent process equipment.

[0029] It should be noted that the density of the carbon nanotubes is different due to the different carbon deposition amounts of the carbon nanotubes. As the carbon deposition amount of the carbon nanotubes increases, the density of the carbon nanotubes decreases. In order to improve the utilization efficiency of the catalyst, it is necessary to increase the carbon deposition amount of the carbon nanotubes as much as possible.

[0030] Therefore, the separation ring 4 can be arranged in the shell 1 of the continuous catalytic reactor to separate the carbon nanotubes with different densities.

[0031] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, a ring-shaped housing structure can be arranged in the containing cavity to form the separation ring 4, and the lower end of the separation ring 4 can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1.

[0032] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the circumferences of the lower end of the separation ring 4 are connected to the inner wall of the shell 1. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the shell 1 can be provided in a cylindrical shell-shaped cylindrical structure, and correspondingly, the lower end of the separation ring 4 can be provided in a circular shape, and the diameter of the lower end of the separation ring 4 is equal to the inner diameter of the shell 1, so that the lower end of the separation ring 4 and the shell 1 are continuously connected. On this basis, the upper end of the separation ring 4 is further provided with a discharge port. In this way, referring to Figure 1 , the separation ring 4 divides the containing cavity into the reaction cavity 11 located below the separation ring 4 and the screening cavity 12 located above the separation ring 4.

[0033] In addition, referring to Figure 1 , in the embodiment of the present application, the reaction cavity 11 and the screening cavity 12 are communicated through the discharge port at the upper end of the separation ring 4 and the circulation pipe 6.

[0034] Through the above arrangement, in the continuous catalytic reactor provided in the embodiment of the present application, the mixed gas and the catalyst react in the reaction cavity 11 to generate carbon nanotubes with catalyst attached, and as the carbon deposition amount of the carbon nanotubes increases, the density of the carbon nanotubes becomes lighter, and the carbon nanotubes can rise with the gas flow of the mixed gas, enter the screening cavity 12 through the discharge port, and the density of the carbon nanotubes with a smaller carbon deposition amount is larger, and due to the blocking effect of the separation ring 4, the carbon nanotubes cannot enter the screening cavity 12. In the embodiment of the present application, since the separation ring 4 is a ring-shaped shell structure, the lower end of the separation ring 4 and the inner wall of the shell 1 are continuously connected without gaps, which can make the separation ring form a better blocking effect on the carbon nanotubes with a smaller carbon deposition amount, and improve the separation efficiency of the carbon nanotubes. At the same time, for the carbon nanotubes with a smaller carbon deposition amount entering the screening cavity 12, the carbon nanotubes can re-enter the reaction cavity 11 through the circulation pipe 6 to continue the reaction, and further increase the carbon deposition amount of the carbon nanotubes.

[0035] On this basis, referring to Figure 1 , in some embodiments of the present application, the separation ring 4 is conical, and the size of the upper end of the separation ring 4 is smaller than the size of the lower end of the separation ring 4.

[0036] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the separation ring 4 can be considered as a conical shell structure. For example, for the shell 1 provided in a cylindrical shell-shaped cylindrical structure, the separation ring 4 can be provided in a conical shape.

[0037] In this way, the conical surface of the separation ring 4 can form a flow guiding effect on the mixed gas and the carbon nanotubes.

[0038] In addition, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in some embodiments of the present application, the shape of the cross section of the separation ring 4 extending in the vertical direction is arc-shaped.

[0039] It should be noted that referring toFigure 2 And Figure 3 In the embodiment of the present application, the separation ring 4 can be arranged to be arc-shaped towards the shell 1, or can be arranged to be arc-shaped towards the axis of the shell 1.

[0040] Through the above arrangement, the smooth transition of the separation ring 4 can form better flow guiding effect on the mixed gas and the carbon nanotubes.

[0041] On this basis, in some embodiments of the present application, by adaptively arranging the arc shape and the angle of the separation ring 4, the tangent line of the upper end of the vertical direction extending cross section of the separation ring 4 can extend along the vertical direction.

[0042] For example, referring to Figure 3 In the embodiment of the present application, the corresponding arc shape of the separation ring 4 can be arranged to be 90°, and the tangent line of the lower end of the vertical direction extending cross section of the separation ring 4 can be arranged to extend along the horizontal direction, so that the tangent line of the upper end of the vertical direction extending cross section of the separation ring 4 extends along the vertical direction.

[0043] In addition, referring to Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments of the present application, a reinforcing member 7 is further arranged between the upper end of the separation ring 4 and the inner wall of the shell 1.

[0044] For example, referring to Figures 1 to 3 In the embodiment of the present application, the reinforcing member 7 can be arranged as a reinforcing rod, and the reinforcing rod can be arranged to extend along the horizontal direction. On this basis, one end of the reinforcing rod can be fixedly connected to the upper end of the separation ring 4, and the other end of the reinforcing rod can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1.

[0045] Through the above arrangement, in the continuous catalytic reactor provided by the embodiment of the present application, the separation ring 4 can be reinforced by the reinforcing member 7, so as to improve the stress strength of the separation ring 4 and improve the service life of the continuous catalytic reactor.

[0046] It should be understood that the "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mentioned throughout the specification means that the specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It should be understood that the size of the serial number of each step / process in various embodiments of the present application does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each step / process should be determined according to its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. The serial number of the above embodiments of the present application is only for description, not representing the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0047] It is to be noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to "a component" can include a combination of two or more components, and the term "the item" can include multiple items unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application, but not to limit the present application. Any modification and replacement made by any person skilled in the art based on the present application should be covered in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A continuous plastic pyrolysis reactor for the separation of carbon products based on density differences in the fluidizing medium, characterized in that, The continuous plastic pyrolysis reactor is used for preparing carbon nanotubes by using mixed gas after waste plastic pyrolysis, and comprises an outer shell, a gas outlet, a gas inlet, a separation ring, a catalyst feeding pipe and a circulating pipe; wherein, the outer shell is formed with a containing cavity; the gas outlet is arranged at the upper part of the outer shell; the gas inlet is arranged at the lower part of the outer shell; the separation ring is arranged in the containing cavity and is a conical ring-shaped shell structure, the lower end of the separation ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell, the upper end of the separation ring is formed with a discharge port, and the separation ring divides the containing cavity into a reaction cavity below the separation ring and a screening cavity above the separation ring; the catalyst feeding pipe is arranged at the upper part of the outer shell and extends into the reaction cavity; and the circulating pipe is arranged on the inner wall of the outer shell, the upper end of the circulating pipe is communicated to the screening cavity, and the lower end of the circulating pipe is communicated to the reaction cavity.

2. The continuous plastic pyrolysis reactor for sizing carbon products based on fluidized medium density difference according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell is in a cylindrical shape, and the separation ring is in a conical shape.

3. The continuous plastic pyrolysis reactor for sizing carbon products based on fluidized medium density difference according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross section shape of the separation ring extending in the vertical direction is in an arc shape.

4. The continuous plastic pyrolysis reactor for sizing carbon products based on fluidized medium density difference according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross section arc shape of the separation ring bends towards the outer shell or bends towards the axis of the outer shell.

5. The continuous plastic pyrolysis reactor for sizing carbon products based on fluidized medium density difference according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tangent line of the upper end of the cross section of the separation ring extending in the vertical direction extends in the vertical direction.

6. The continuous plastic pyrolysis reactor for sizing carbon products based on fluidized medium density difference according to claim 3, characterized in that, The corresponding arc shape of the separation ring is arranged at 90°, and the tangent line of the lower end of the cross section of the separation ring extending in the vertical direction is arranged to extend in the horizontal direction.

7. The continuous plastic pyrolysis reactor for sizing carbon products based on fluidized medium density difference according to claim 1, characterized in that, A reinforcing piece is arranged between the upper end of the separation ring and the inner wall of the outer shell.

Images