Solar cell, photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system
By introducing a three-electrode system with multiple cell cells into the solar cell and connecting different doped regions using conductive vias, the problem of long carrier transport distance is solved, efficient carrier collection is achieved, and photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422767904.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing solar cells suffer from problems such as long carrier transport distance and low photoelectric conversion efficiency.
The battery employs a multi-cell structure, each cell including a first and a second doped conductive layer, a via penetrating the substrate, the via sidewalls having doped material, and at least one of the first and second doped conductive layers including a doped region containing two different doped materials, forming a three-electrode system, through which charge carriers are rapidly transported.
This reduces the transport path of charge carriers in the substrate, increases the transport speed and collection efficiency of charge carriers, and thus improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells.
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Figure CN223600261U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a solar cell, a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the continuous development of photovoltaic technology, people's requirements for the photoelectric conversion efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells are also getting higher and higher, but the industrialization of improving the conversion efficiency of solar cells still faces many challenges.
[0003] At present, in order to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells, the solar cell on the market, for example, the emitter and back passivated cell (PERC), the passivated contact cell (TOPCON), the heterojunction with intrinsic thin-film (HJT), the back contact solar cell and other cell technologies are also constantly innovating.
[0004] However, the above-mentioned solar cells still have the problems of long carrier transport distance and low photoelectric conversion efficiency. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a solar cell, a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system capable of reducing the carrier transport distance and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency in view of the above problems.
[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a solar cell, comprising a plurality of cell units; each cell unit comprises:
[0007] a first doped conductive layer;
[0008] a substrate, the substrate is arranged on one side of the first doped conductive layer;
[0009] a second doped conductive layer, the second doped conductive layer is arranged on the side of the substrate away from the first doped conductive layer;
[0010] at least one through hole, each through hole sequentially penetrates the first doped conductive layer, the substrate and the second doped conductive layer along the thickness direction of the substrate; the side wall of the through hole comprises a doped material;
[0011] Among them, at least one of the first doped conductive layer and the second doped conductive layer comprises two different doped materials, and the two doped materials correspond to different doped regions respectively.
[0012] In one of the embodiments, the doping region on the first doped conductive layer and the doping region on the second doped conductive layer, and the sidewall of the via hole have the same doping material.
[0013] In one of the embodiments, the battery cell includes a first via hole, the first doped conductive layer includes a first doping region, the second doped conductive layer includes a second doping region and a third doping region; the first via hole penetrates the first doping region and the second doping region; the doping materials of the first doping region and the second doping region are the same.
[0014] In one of the embodiments, the battery cell includes a second via hole, the first doped conductive layer includes a third doping region and a fourth doping region, the second doped conductive layer includes a fifth doping region; the second via hole penetrates the third doping region and the fifth doping region; the doping materials of the third doping region and the fifth doping region are the same.
[0015] In one of the embodiments, the battery cell includes a third via hole and a fourth via hole, the first doped conductive layer includes a sixth doping region and a seventh doping region, the second doped conductive layer includes an eighth doping region and a ninth doping region; the third via hole penetrates the sixth doping region and the eighth doping region, the fourth via hole penetrates the seventh doping region and the ninth doping region; the doping materials of the sixth doping region and the eighth doping region are the same; the doping materials of the seventh doping region and the ninth doping region are the same.
[0016] In one of the embodiments, the via hole is filled with a conductive material.
[0017] In one of the embodiments, the via hole is a circular via hole.
[0018] In one of the embodiments, the solar cell further includes a first passivation layer and an anti-reflection layer, the first passivation layer and the anti-reflection layer are sequentially arranged on the side of the first doped conductive layer away from the substrate.
[0019] In one of the embodiments, the solar cell further includes a transparent conductive layer, the transparent conductive layer is arranged on the side of the first doped conductive layer away from the substrate.
[0020] In one of the embodiments, the solar cell further includes a second passivation layer, the second passivation layer is arranged between different doping regions in the first doped conductive layer and / or the second doped conductive layer.
[0021] In one of the embodiments, the solar cell further includes a third passivation layer, the third passivation layer is arranged between the substrate and the first doped conductive layer, and / or the third passivation layer is arranged between the substrate and the second doped conductive layer.
[0022] In one of the embodiments, the battery cell further comprises a plurality of first conductive components and a plurality of second conductive components; the plurality of first conductive components are arranged at intervals on the side of the first doped conductive layer facing away from the second doped conductive layer, and the plurality of second conductive components are arranged at intervals on the side of the second doped conductive layer facing away from the first doped conductive layer.
[0023] In one of the embodiments, part of the first conductive components covers the opening of the through hole on the first doped conductive layer and is connected with the first doped conductive layer, and part of the second conductive components covers the opening of the through hole on the second doped conductive layer and is connected with the second doped conductive layer.
[0024] In a second aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic module, comprising at least one battery string, and the battery string comprises at least two solar cells as described in the first aspect.
[0025] In a third aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic system, comprising a photovoltaic module as described in the second aspect.
[0026] In the embodiments of the present application, at least one of the first doped conductive layer and the second doped conductive layer in the battery cell comprises a doped region of two different doped materials, i.e., the battery cell has at least one three-electrode system, and the conductive through hole penetrates the doped region with the same doped material in the first doped conductive layer and the second doped conductive layer, so as to reduce the collection path of the carriers, accelerate the transmission speed of the carriers, thereby realizing efficient collection of the carriers, and further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a solar cell of an embodiment;
[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a solar cell of another embodiment;
[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a solar cell of another embodiment;
[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a solar cell of another embodiment;
[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a solar cell of another embodiment;
[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a solar cell of another embodiment;
[0033] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a solar cell of another embodiment;
[0034] Figure 8A schematic view of a solar cell according to another embodiment.
[0035] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0036] 10 - solar cell
[0037] 100 - cell unit
[0038] 110 - first doped conductive layer; 1101 - fourth doped region; 1102 - fifth doped region; 1103 - sixth doped region; 1104 - seventh doped region
[0039] 120 - substrate
[0040] 130 - second doped conductive layer; 1301 - second doped region; 1302 - third doped region; 1303 - eighth doped region; 1304 - ninth doped region
[0041] 140 - via
[0042] 150 - sidewall of the via
[0043] 160 - first conductive part
[0044] 170 - second conductive part
[0045] 180 - first passivation layer
[0046] 190 - anti-reflective layer
[0047] 200 - transparent conductive layer
[0048] 210 - second passivation layer
[0049] 220 - third passivation layer DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0050] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more clear and comprehensible, specific embodiments of the present application will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, a lot of specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different ways from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and therefore the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0051] In the description of the application, it should be understood that, if there are these terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application.
[0052] In addition, if there are these terms "first", "second", these terms are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the application, if the term "multiple" appears, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.
[0053] In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if there are terms such as "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like, these terms should be broadly understood. For example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0054] In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if there are similar descriptions such as "first feature on or under second feature", the meaning can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" of the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" of the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.
[0055] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.
[0056] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell 10 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. The solar cell 10 provided in this embodiment includes a plurality of cell units 100. Each cell unit 100 includes: a first doped conductive layer 110; a substrate 120 disposed on one side of the first doped conductive layer 110; a second doped conductive layer 130 disposed on the side of the substrate 120 opposite to the first doped conductive layer 110; at least one through hole 140, each through hole 140 sequentially penetrating the first doped conductive layer 110, the substrate 120 and the second doped conductive layer 130 along the thickness direction of the substrate 120; the sidewall of the through hole 140 includes a doped material; wherein, at least one of the first doped conductive layer 110 and the second doped conductive layer 130 includes two different doped materials, and the two doped materials correspond to different doping regions.
[0057] The first doped conductive layer 110 can be an N-type doped material, a P-type doped material, or both.
[0058] The second doped conductive layer 130 can be an N-type doped material, a P-type doped material, or a combination of both. Figure 1 As shown, the first doped conductive layer 110 includes N (P) type doped material, and the second doped conductive layer 130 includes N type doped material and P type doped material (if...). Figure 1 (Dark gray indicates N-type doped material, while light gray indicates P-type doped material). In another case, the materials of the first doped conductive layer 110 and the second doped conductive layer 130 can be amorphous, microcrystalline, polycrystalline, single-crystal silicon, or compound semiconductor materials. The doped materials of the first doped conductive layer 110 and the second doped conductive layer 130 do not need to be fully covered, but they must at least be located in the region below the gate line.
[0059] The substrate 120 can be either an N-type doped material or a P-type doped material. It should be noted that, generally, the concentration of the doped material in the substrate 120 is much smaller than the concentration of the doped material in the first doped conductive layer 110 and the second doped conductive layer 120.
[0060] The inside of the through hole 140 is provided with a conductive material, such as a single or composite conductive material of conductive paste, conductive glue, conductive layer, etc., and the sidewall of the through hole 140 is provided with a doped material, which can be the same material as the doped material of the substrate 120 or other materials.
[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the through hole 140 penetrates the first doped conductive layer 110, the substrate 120 and the second doped conductive layer 130 along the thickness direction of the substrate 120, and since at least one of the first doped conductive layer 110 and the second doped conductive layer 130 includes a doped region of two different doped materials, the through hole 140 penetrates the doped regions with the same doped material in the first doped conductive layer 110 and the second doped conductive layer 130.
[0062] In the photoelectric conversion process, one kind of carrier (free electron or hole) does not need to be transmitted over a long distance, but only needs to be transmitted to the nearest doped region first, and then transmitted to the corresponding electrode through the through hole 140. Since the transmission speed of the carrier in the conductive material is much higher than that in the substrate, connecting the doped regions with the same doped material in the first doped conductive layer 110 and the second doped conductive layer 130 by the through hole 140 can greatly improve the transmission efficiency of the carrier and reduce the transmission path of the carrier in the substrate, thereby greatly improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery.
[0063] For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the first doped conductive layer 110 includes a doped region 111 of a first doped material and a doped region 112 of a second doped material, and the second doped conductive layer 130 includes a doped region 131 of the first doped material and a doped region 132 of the second doped material. Figure 1As shown, the first doped conductive layer 110 is P-type doped material, the doped region in the second doped conductive layer 130 with the same color as the first doped conductive layer 110 is P-type doped material, and other doped regions in the second doped conductive layer 130 are N-type doped material. If the doped region in the first doped conductive layer 110 with the same color as the first doped conductive layer 110 is not connected by the via, when the first doped conductive layer 110 needs to collect the holes at the lower right corner of the battery cell 100, the holes at the lower right corner of the battery cell 100 need to pass through the entire substrate 120 to be collected by the first doped conductive layer 110, and due to the low transmission rate of the holes in the substrate 120, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is low. The embodiment of the present application connects the doped regions with the same doping material in the first doped conductive layer 110 and the second doped conductive layer 130. When the first doped conductive layer 110 needs to collect the holes at the lower right corner of the battery cell 100, the holes at the lower right corner of the battery cell 100 only need to be transmitted to the region in the second doped layer 130 with the same color as the first doped layer 110, and then quickly transmitted to the first doped conductive layer through the conductive via 140, so as to complete the collection of the holes at the lower right corner of the battery cell 100 by the first doped conductive layer. Since the transmission speed of the carriers in the conductive material is much higher than that in the substrate, the transmission efficiency of the carriers can be greatly improved, the transmission path of the carriers in the substrate is reduced, and thus the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery is greatly improved.
[0064] The above battery cell includes two doped regions with different doped materials in at least one of the first doped conductive layer and the second doped conductive layer, i.e., the above battery cell has at least one three-electrode system, and the via penetrates the doped regions with the same doped material in the first doped conductive layer and the second doped conductive layer. In this way, the collection path of the carriers can be reduced, the transmission speed of the carriers can be accelerated, the efficient collection of the carriers can be realized, and thus the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery is improved. In addition, the front current of the battery cell is introduced to the back surface, so that the electrodes of the battery cell are all on the back surface, thereby facilitating the testing of the battery.
[0065] Referring to Figure 1 In an embodiment, the doped region on the first doped conductive layer 110 and the doped region on the second doped conductive layer 130 connected with the via 140, and the side wall 150 of the via 140 have the same doped material.
[0066] In the photoelectric conversion process, the carriers in the edge region of the middle of the thickness of the substrate of the battery unit 100 do not need to be transported for a long distance in the substrate 120, but only need to be transported to the sidewall 150 of the through hole 140 in the substrate 120, and then transported to the first doped conductive layer 110 through the conductive through hole 140, and then collected. Since the transmission speed of the carriers in the conductive material is much higher than that in the substrate, the transmission efficiency of the carriers can be greatly improved, the transmission path of the carriers in the substrate is reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery is greatly improved.
[0067] Next, three structure schematic diagrams of the battery unit in the embodiments of the present application are provided. It should be noted that the structure of the battery unit is not limited in the present application, and other battery unit structures consistent with the concept of the present application also belong to the protection scope of the present application.
[0068] Referring to Figure 2 In an embodiment, the battery unit 100 includes a first through hole 141, the first doped conductive layer 110 includes a first doped region, and the second doped conductive layer 130 includes a second doped region 1301 and a third doped region 1302; the first through hole 141 penetrates the first doped region 111 and the second doped region 1301; and the doped materials of the first doped region and the second doped region are the same.
[0069] Referring to Figure 3 In an embodiment, the battery unit 100 includes a second through hole 142, the first doped conductive layer 110 includes a third doped region 1101 and a fourth doped region 1102, and the second doped conductive layer 130 includes a fifth doped region; the second through hole 142 penetrates the third doped region 1102 and the fifth doped region; and the doped materials of the third doped region and the fifth doped region are the same.
[0070] Referring to Figure 4 In an embodiment, the battery unit 100 includes a third through hole 143 and a fourth through hole 144, the first doped conductive layer 110 includes a sixth doped region 1103 and a seventh doped region 1104, and the second doped conductive layer 130 includes an eighth doped region 1303 and a ninth doped region 1304; the third through hole 143 penetrates the sixth doped region 1103 and the eighth doped region 1303, and the fourth through hole 144 penetrates the seventh doped region 1104 and the ninth doped region 1304; the doped materials of the sixth doped region and the eighth doped region are the same; and the doped materials of the seventh doped region and the ninth doped region are the same.
[0071] Referring to Figures 1-4 In an embodiment, the through hole is a circular through hole. Compared with a through hole with edges (for example, a triangular through hole and a square through hole), the circular through hole can avoid cracks in the internal material of the battery, thereby avoiding damage to the battery.
[0072] Referring to Figure 5 In an embodiment, the solar cell 10 further comprises a first passivation layer 180 and an anti-reflection layer 190, which are arranged on the side of the first doped conductive layer 110 away from the substrate 120, and the first passivation layer 180 and the anti-reflection layer 190 can also be arranged on the side of the second doped conductive layer 130 away from the substrate 120. The material of the anti-reflection layer 190 can be a transparent film, which is used to reduce or eliminate the sunlight received by the surface of the cell, thereby increasing the amount of light transmitted by the surface of the cell to the sunlight, and further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell unit.
[0073] Referring to Figure 6 In an embodiment, the solar cell 10 further comprises a transparent conductive layer 200, which is arranged on the side of the first doped conductive layer 110 away from the substrate 120, and the transparent conductive layer 200 can also be arranged on the side of the second doped conductive layer 130 away from the substrate 120. The material of the transparent conductive layer 200 can be a light-transmitting conductive film, such as any one of tin-doped indium trioxide (ITO), cerium-doped indium oxide (ICO), tungsten-doped indium oxide (IWO), SnO2, etc. These materials have a large band gap, only absorb ultraviolet light, and do not absorb visible light. The transparent conductive layer 200 is arranged to reduce or eliminate the sunlight received by the surface of the cell, thereby increasing the amount of light transmitted by the surface of the cell to the sunlight, and further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell unit.
[0074] Referring to Figure 7 In an embodiment, the solar cell 10 further comprises a second passivation layer 210, which is arranged between different doped regions in the first doped conductive layer 110 and / or the second doped conductive layer 130. For example, the second passivation layer 210 is arranged between the second doped region 1301 and the third doped region 1302 in the second doped conductive layer 130 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and is also arranged between the fourth doped region 1101 and the fifth doped region 1102 in the first doped conductive layer 110 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3. Figure 2 In an embodiment, the second passivation layer 210 is arranged between the sixth doped region 1103 and the seventh doped region 1104 in the first doped conductive layer 110, and between the eighth doped region 1303 and the ninth doped region 1304 in the second doped conductive layer 130 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4. Figure 3 In an embodiment, the second passivation layer 210 is arranged between the sixth doped region 1103 and the seventh doped region 1104 in the first doped conductive layer 110, and between the eighth doped region 1303 and the ninth doped region 1304 in the second doped conductive layer 130 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4. Figure 4 In an embodiment, the second passivation layer 210 is arranged between the sixth doped region 1103 and the seventh doped region 1104 in the first doped conductive layer 110, and between the eighth doped region 1303 and the ninth doped region 1304 in the second doped conductive layer 130 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4.
[0075] It should be noted that arranging the passivation layer between different doped regions in the first doped conductive layer and / or the second doped conductive layer can avoid the leakage caused by the contact between different doped regions.
[0076] Referring to Figure 8In one embodiment, the battery cell 100 further includes a third passivation layer 220 disposed between the substrate 120 and the first doped conductive layer 110, and / or, the third passivation layer 220 disposed between the substrate 120 and the second doped conductive layer 130.
[0077] It should be noted that it is also possible to... Figure 8 Based on the battery cell 100 shown, an antireflection layer / transparent conductive layer is disposed on the side of the first doped conductive layer 110 away from the third passivation layer 220, and an antireflection layer / transparent conductive layer is disposed on the side of the second doped conductive layer 130 away from the third passivation layer 220.
[0078] The third passivation layer can improve the passivation efficiency and open-circuit voltage of the solar cell. The first intrinsic passivation layer can be made of amorphous silicon.
[0079] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the battery cell 100 further includes: a plurality of first conductive components 160 and a plurality of second conductive components 170; the plurality of first conductive components 160 are spaced apart on the side of the first doped conductive layer 110 away from the second doped conductive layer 130, and the plurality of second conductive components 170 are spaced apart on the side of the second doped conductive layer 130 away from the first doped conductive layer 110. Optionally, a transparent conductive layer (TCO) may also be provided between the conductive components and the doped conductive layer. For example, the plurality of first conductive components 160 and the transparent conductive layer (TCO) are sequentially and spaced apart on the side of the first doped conductive layer 110 away from the second doped conductive layer 130, and the plurality of second conductive components 170 and the transparent conductive layer (TCO) are sequentially and spaced apart on the side of the second doped conductive layer 130 away from the first doped conductive layer 110.
[0080] The first conductive component 160 and the second conductive component 170 are both grid lines. The grid lines can be made by means of screen printing, laser transfer printing, copper electroplating, etc., and the materials can be silver, copper, alloys or their pastes.
[0081] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, a portion of the first conductive components 160 cover the opening of the via 140 on the first doped conductive layer 110 and are connected to the first doped conductive layer 110; a portion of the second conductive components 170 cover the opening of the via 140 on the second doped conductive layer 130 and are connected to the second doped conductive layer; in addition, other first conductive components 160 among the plurality of first conductive components 160 are disposed at the locations of other doped regions on the first doped conductive layer 110 other than the doped region where the via 140 is located; and other first conductive components 170 among the plurality of second conductive components 170 are disposed at the locations of other doped regions on the first doped conductive layer 130 other than the doped region where the via 140 is located.
[0082] In this embodiment, grid lines are provided outside the first doped conductive layer 110 and the second doped conductive layer 130. The main function of the grid lines is to collect and transport photogenerated carriers (electrons and holes), thereby realizing the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy. The design of the grid lines has a significant impact on the performance of the solar cell. Therefore, in practical applications, factors such as the number, width, height, and shape of the grid lines need to be comprehensively considered to achieve the optimal photoelectric conversion efficiency and output power. In addition, only sub-grid lines can be designed on the front side of the battery cell (i.e., the side where the first doped conductive layer 110 is located) to reduce light shading on the front side.
[0083] The basic manufacturing process of the aforementioned solar cells includes: cleaning—laser drilling—texturing—fabrication of front and back film layers—screen printing of back grid lines and through-holes—screen printing of front grid lines—curing and sintering—testing. For example... Figure 2 The three-electrode structure shown uses HJT and HBC back-side structure schemes on both the front and back sides, and the gate lines are screen-printed. A first doped conductive layer 1 and a second doped conductive layer 2 are disposed in the region below the gate lines. For example... Figure 4 The three-electrode structure shown uses an HBC structure on both the front and back sides, and the gate lines are screen-printed. The first doped conductive layer 1 and the second doped conductive layer 2 are disposed in the region below the gate lines.
[0084] This application also provides a photovoltaic module (not shown) including at least one battery string, the battery string including at least two solar cells 10 as described above, and the solar cells 10 can be connected together by string welding.
[0085] The fourth aspect of this application provides a photovoltaic system (not shown) including the photovoltaic module described above.
[0086] Photovoltaic systems can be applied in photovoltaic power plants, such as ground-mounted, rooftop, and floating power plants, as well as in equipment or devices that utilize solar energy to generate electricity, such as user solar power supplies, solar streetlights, solar cars, and solar buildings. Of course, it's understandable that the application scenarios of photovoltaic systems are not limited to these; that is, photovoltaic systems can be applied in all fields that require solar energy to generate electricity. Taking a photovoltaic power generation network as an example, a photovoltaic system can include photovoltaic arrays, combiner boxes, and inverters. A photovoltaic array can be a combination of multiple photovoltaic modules; for example, multiple photovoltaic modules can form multiple photovoltaic arrays. The photovoltaic arrays are connected to combiner boxes, which collect the current generated by the photovoltaic arrays. The collected current flows through an inverter and is converted into AC power required by the mains power grid before being connected to the mains power grid to achieve solar power supply.
[0087] Any combination of the technical features in the above-described embodiments can be made, and for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations are described, however, it is to be understood that the application embraces all such possible combinations.
[0088] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the patent scope of the application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, some modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the patent protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims
1. A solar cell, characterized in that, The solar cell includes multiple battery cells; each battery cell includes: First doped conductive layer; A substrate, wherein the substrate is disposed on one side of the first doped conductive layer; A second doped conductive layer is disposed on the side of the substrate opposite to the first doped conductive layer; At least one via, each via sequentially penetrating the first doped conductive layer, the substrate, and the second doped conductive layer along the thickness direction of the substrate; the sidewalls of the via include a doped material; Wherein, at least one of the first doped conductive layer and the second doped conductive layer includes two different doping materials, and the two doping materials correspond to different doping regions.
2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The doped regions on the first doped conductive layer and the second doped conductive layer connected to the via have the same doped material as the sidewall of the via.
3. The solar cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The battery cell includes a first through-hole, the first doped conductive layer includes a first doped region, and the second doped conductive layer includes a second doped region and a third doped region; the first through-hole penetrates the first doped region and the second doped region; the first doped region and the second doped region are doped with the same material.
4. The solar cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The battery cell includes a second through-hole, the first doped conductive layer includes a third doped region and a fourth doped region, and the second doped conductive layer includes a fifth doped region; the second through-hole penetrates the third doped region and the fifth doped region; the third doped region and the fifth doped region are doped with the same material.
5. The solar cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The battery cell includes a third through-hole and a fourth through-hole. The first doped conductive layer includes a sixth doped region and a seventh doped region. The second doped conductive layer includes an eighth doped region and a ninth doped region. The third through-hole penetrates the sixth doped region and the eighth doped region. The fourth through-hole penetrates the seventh doped region and the ninth doped region. The sixth doped region and the eighth doped region are made of the same doping material. The seventh doped region and the ninth doped region are made of the same doping material.
6. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through-hole is filled with conductive material.
7. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through hole is a circular through hole.
8. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar cell further includes a first passivation layer and an antireflection layer, wherein the first passivation layer and the antireflection layer are sequentially disposed on the side of the first doped conductive layer away from the substrate.
9. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar cell further includes a transparent conductive layer disposed on the side of the first doped conductive layer away from the substrate.
10. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar cell further includes a second passivation layer, which is disposed between different doped regions in the first doped conductive layer and / or the second doped conductive layer.
11. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar cell further includes: a third passivation layer disposed between the substrate and the first doped conductive layer, and / or, the third passivation layer disposed between the substrate and the second doped conductive layer.
12. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell further includes: a plurality of first conductive components and a plurality of second conductive components; the plurality of first conductive components are spaced apart on the side of the first doped conductive layer away from the second doped conductive layer, and the plurality of second conductive components are spaced apart on the side of the second doped conductive layer away from the first doped conductive layer.
13. The solar cell according to claim 12, characterized in that, A portion of the first conductive component covers the opening of the via on the first doped conductive layer and is connected to the first doped conductive layer; a portion of the second conductive component covers the opening of the via on the second doped conductive layer and is connected to the second doped conductive layer.
14. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, It includes at least one battery string, said battery string comprising at least two solar cells as claimed in any one of claims 1-13.
15. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that, Including the photovoltaic module as described in claim 14.