Low-water flow measuring groove

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrology and water resource monitoring, in particular to a low-water flow measuring groove which comprises a water inlet transition section, a stable flow measuring section and a water outlet energy dissipation section. Wing walls are arranged on the two sides of the upper portion of the bottom plate, tooth walls are connected to the periphery of the lower portion of the bottom plate, and the lower ends of the tooth walls are embedded into the bottom of a riverbed. The bottom plate is gradually lifted from the upstream to the downstream at the water inlet transition section, is stable and gentle at the stable flow measurement section, and is gradually lowered from the upstream to the downstream at the water outlet energy dissipation section. The top upstream of the wing wall at the water inlet transition section is higher than the downstream; the wing wall adopts an inverted splayed or linear structure at the water inlet transition section; the wing wall is connected with the stable flow measuring section at the water inlet transition section through an arc. The bottom plate is convenient for introducing water flow; the stable flow measurement section facilitates flow measurement; and the water outlet energy dissipation section effectively prevents the downstream from being scoured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to hydrology water resources monitoring technical field, especially relate to a low water measuring flume. BACKGROUND

[0002] Low water measuring flume is a kind of artificial water tank with specific size, regular shape, for controlling the low dry flow condition of hydrological monitoring, and measuring the low dry flow in specific range. It mainly solves the low dry flow monitoring problem under the special conditions of river flow bifurcation, shallow water depth, flow direction disorder and other conditions. The preset flow measurement generally uses current meter to measure or other methods to measure. It is mainly suitable for mountainous rivers with moderate catchment area, non-wandering riverbed, certain fall, less influence of wading engineering and no special requirements of river management.

[0003] In some river source upper reaches mountainous areas, due to frequent river scouring and silting, water flow dispersion, river bifurcation, flow direction disorder and poor low dry water control conditions, etc. It leads to the difficulty of hydrological flow monitoring, the complex and variable relationship between water level and flow, and long-term influence on the quality and accuracy of test data and ecological flow monitoring, which restricts the development of high-quality hydrology.

[0004] Through the construction and use of low water measuring flume, the problem of low dry flow monitoring is solved, the accuracy of flow monitoring is greatly improved, the single value of water level-flow relationship becomes a reality, and an effective way for accurate monitoring of ecological flow is provided. But through a certain period of use, some problems gradually appear: first, lack of effective design control. The construction position and gradient selection of part of the measuring flume are unreasonable, the height control of wing wall and water inlet is improper, which causes part of the measuring flume to not fully meet the actual needs of flow monitoring. Second, the design scheme is not fully considered. The improper design of part of the measuring flume leads to vacuum negative pressure damage and river submergence, erosion and other problems, which affects the practical application of low water measuring flume.

[0005] The application number CN202322323846.6, the invention name is a hydrological monitoring section arrangement structure, the utility model relates to hydrology water resources monitoring technical field, especially relates to a kind of structure design of hydrological monitoring section. A kind of hydrological monitoring section arrangement structure, the first section and the tail section of the monitoring section are provided with anti-scouring, energy-dissipating bottom protection structure, concrete revetment is constructed on left and right banks, and a measuring bridge is arranged in the middle part and crosses the river, and the hydrological monitoring equipment is arranged on the measuring bridge, and the bottom is solidified by pouring concrete, so that the riverbed of the hydrological monitoring section will not change due to the scouring of flood. One side or the center of the monitoring section is provided with a low water measuring flume along the longitudinal direction of the river, which is lower than the overall solidification plane. The concrete solidification plane outside the measuring flume is provided with a certain transverse slope inclined to the measuring flume. In this way, the river water can be collected in the measuring flume during low and dry period to flow through the monitoring section, so that the monitoring equipment can work normally during low and dry period. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0006] In view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, the low-water measuring flume aims to solve the technical problems of low utilization efficiency and easy damage due to non-standard design.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme of the low-water measuring flume is as follows: a low-water measuring flume comprises a water inlet gradual change section, a stable measuring section and a water outlet energy dissipation section.

[0008] The low-water measuring flume is provided with a bottom plate at the bottom, wing walls are arranged on both sides of the upper part of the bottom plate, tooth walls are connected around the lower part of the bottom plate, and the lower ends of the tooth walls are embedded into the riverbed bottom.

[0009] Further, the bottom plate is gradually raised from the upstream to the downstream in the water inlet gradual change section, is stable and flat in the stable measuring section, and is gradually lowered from the upstream to the downstream in the water outlet energy dissipation section.

[0010] Further, the wing walls are higher at the upstream than at the downstream on the top of the water inlet gradual change section; the wing walls adopt an inverted eight-character type or a straight line type structure in the water inlet gradual change section; and the wing walls are connected with the stable measuring section by using a circular arc.

[0011] Further, the wing walls are parallel and equidistant on both sides of the stable measuring section; the wing walls adopt an eight-character type or a straight line type structure in the water outlet energy dissipation section, and the height thereof gradually decreases from the upstream to the downstream to be flush with the bottom plate.

[0012] Further, the bottom plate is provided with an energy dissipation body on the water outlet energy dissipation section.

[0013] Further, the energy dissipation body is integrally poured with the bottom plate; and the energy dissipation body can adopt a ladder step type, a rivet type or a slope type according to the downstream scouring prevention requirement.

[0014] Further, the stable measuring section is provided with a flow monitoring section, a depth gauge is arranged on the inner side of the wing wall of the flow monitoring section, and an operation platform is arranged on the bottom plate on the outer side of the wing wall of the flow monitoring section.

[0015] Further, the zero height of the depth gauge is consistent with the surface height of the bottom plate, and the graduation precision of the depth gauge adopts 1cm or 5mm.

[0016] The bottom plate is a low-water measuring flume bottom plate, which is used for bearing water flow. The water inlet gradual change section is generally gradually raised from the upstream to the downstream, and is used for introducing water flow; the stable measuring section is used for forming a stable flow, and is convenient for flow measurement; and the water outlet energy dissipation section focuses on energy dissipation and speed reduction, and prevents scouring to the downstream.

[0017] The wing wall is a retaining wall for collecting water flow into the low water measuring flume, and the cross section is generally in the form of a practical weir, and when conditions are not available, a rectangular cross section form can also be used. Among them, the wing wall top of the water inlet gradual change section is appropriately higher upstream than downstream, generally in the form of "inverted eight characters" or "one character", and is connected with the stable measuring section by using a circular arc; the wing walls on both sides of the stable measuring section are parallel and equidistant; the water outlet energy dissipation section generally adopts an "eight character" type or a straight line type structure, and gradually decreases from top to bottom to be flush with the bottom plate.

[0018] The tooth wall is a part embedded in the riverbed to prevent water flow from scouring the low water measuring flume and causing seepage influence, and is generally built along the four sides of the measuring flume and connected with the bottom plate at the top.

[0019] The energy dissipation body is a structure for achieving the water recession and energy dissipation effect, and is cast together with the bottom plate, and generally adopts a ladder step, rivet or the like type, and when the downstream anti-scouring requirement is not high, it can also be simplified as a slope design.

[0020] The depth measuring gauge is arranged at the flow monitoring section of the stable measuring section, and the zero height is consistent with the surface of the bottom plate, and is used for monitoring the measuring water depth, and the measured reading is the water depth, and the marking precision is generally 1cm or 5mm, and is determined by the engineering design.

[0021] The operation platform is arranged on the bottom plate outside the monitoring section, and the specification is generally not less than 1.5m*1.5m, and the height is generally 5-10cm.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the bottom plate is gradually raised from upstream to downstream in the water inlet gradual change section, so as to facilitate the introduction of water flow; the stable measuring section can form a stable flow, so as to facilitate the flow measurement; the water outlet energy dissipation section focuses on energy dissipation and speed reduction, and effectively prevents the formation of scouring to the downstream. The wing wall top of the water inlet gradual change section is appropriately higher upstream than downstream, and adopts the form of "inverted eight characters" or "one character", and is connected with the stable measuring section by using a circular arc; the wing walls on both sides of the stable measuring section are parallel and equidistant; the water outlet energy dissipation section generally adopts an "eight character" type or a straight line type structure, and gradually decreases from top to bottom to be flush with the bottom plate. The actual needs of flow monitoring can be met. The tooth wall can prevent water flow from scouring the low water measuring flume and avoid the influence of seepage. The energy dissipation body is cast together with the bottom plate, and can achieve the water recession and energy dissipation effect. The depth measuring gauge and the operation platform are arranged, so as to facilitate the monitoring of the measuring water depth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creating creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the low-water flow measurement channel of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the low-water flow measurement channel structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the base plate of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wing wall of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tooth wall of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the energy dissipator of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a stepped structure;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a ramp type;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a rivet type;

[0034] Figure 11 A top-view schematic diagram of an energy dissipation slope;

[0035] Figure 12 This is an axonometric schematic diagram of an energy dissipation slope;

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the front view of the energy dissipation slope;

[0037] Figure 14 This is a right-view schematic diagram of an energy dissipation slope;

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Gradual inlet section; 2. Stabilized flow measurement section; 3. Outlet energy dissipation section; 4. Wing wall; 5. Bottom plate; 6. Toothed wall; 7. Energy dissipation body; 701. Stepped type; 702. Inclined type; 703. Riveted type; 7031. Rivet; 8. Depth gauge; 9. Operating platform. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this utility model aims to solve the problem of monitoring low water flow in mountainous areas, and designs a low water flow measurement flume from the perspective of hydrological technology.

[0042] A low-water flume is an artificial flume with specific dimensions and a regular shape, used to control low-water flow conditions in hydrological monitoring and to measure low-water flow within a specific range. It primarily addresses the challenge of monitoring low-water flow under special conditions such as river bifurcation, shallow water depth, and chaotic flow direction. The preset flow rate is generally measured using a current meter wading through the water, or other methods. It is mainly suitable for mountain rivers with moderate catchment areas, non-wandering riverbeds, a certain drop in elevation, minimal impact from water-related projects, and no special requirements for river management. It is generally recommended for use in catchment areas below 500 km², and the maximum should not exceed 1000 km². The minimum flow rate should be determined based on the ability to measure using a current meter; if this is not possible, it is recommended to add a triangular weir or other methods for flow measurement.

[0043] The low-water flow measurement flume consists of three parts: the upper section, the middle section, and the lower section. The upper section is the inlet gradual change section 1, the middle section is the stable flow measurement section 2, and the lower section is the outlet energy dissipation section 3.

[0044] The inlet transition section 1 is a gradually narrowing section used to collect low-flow water. Its upper part is connected to the upstream of the natural river channel, and its lower part is connected to the stable flow measurement section 2.

[0045] The stable flow measurement section 2 is a straight and uniform section that forms a stable flow for monitoring the flow rate. It is connected to the inlet gradual change section 1 at the top and to the outlet energy dissipation section 3 at the bottom.

[0046] The outlet energy dissipation section 3 is a drainage section used for water discharge and considering energy dissipation. It is connected to the stable flow measurement section 2 at the top and to the downstream natural river channel at the bottom.

[0047] Example 2:

[0048] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the low-water flow measurement flume mainly consists of a bottom plate 5, wing walls 4, toothed walls 6, energy dissipation body 7, depth gauge 8, and operating platform 9.

[0049] The bottom plate 5 is the bottom plate of the low-water flow measurement channel, used to support the water flow. Among them, the inlet transition section 1 is generally raised gradually from upstream to downstream to introduce water flow; the stable flow measurement section 2 is used to form a stable flow, which facilitates flow measurement; the outlet energy dissipation section 3 focuses on energy dissipation and deceleration to prevent scouring downstream.

[0050] The wing wall 4 is a retaining wall for collecting water flow into the low water measuring flume, and the cross section is generally in the form of a practical weir, or in the form of a rectangular cross section when the conditions are not available. The top of the wing wall 4 of the water inlet gradual section 1 is appropriately higher in the upstream than in the downstream, and is generally in the form of "inverted eight characters" or "one character", and is connected with the stable measuring section 2 by using a circular arc; the wing walls 4 on both sides of the stable measuring section 2 are parallel and equidistant; the water outlet energy dissipation section 3 is generally in the form of "eight characters" or a straight line structure, and gradually decreases from top to bottom to be flush with the bottom plate 5.

[0051] The tooth wall 6 is a part embedded in the riverbed to prevent water flow from scouring the low water measuring flume and causing seepage, and is generally built along the four sides of the measuring flume and connected with the bottom plate 5 at the top.

[0052] The energy dissipation body 7 is a structure for realizing the water recession and energy dissipation effect, and is poured together with the bottom plate 5, and is generally in the form of steps 701, rivet type 703, etc., and can be simplified as a slope type 702 when the downstream anti-scouring requirement is not high. The energy dissipation body 7 of the rivet type 703 is embedded with a rivet 7031.

[0053] The depth measuring gauge 8 is arranged at the flow monitoring section of the stable measuring section 2, and the zero height is consistent with the surface of the bottom plate 5, and is used for monitoring the measuring water depth, and the measured reading is the water depth, and the marking precision is generally 1cm or 5mm, and is determined by the engineering design.

[0054] The operation platform 9 is located on the bottom plate 5 outside the monitoring section, and the specification is generally not less than 1.5m*1.5m, and the height is generally 5-10cm.

[0055] Embodiment three:

[0056] As shown in Figures 11 to 14 Figures 1 to 10 Figures 1 to 10 Figures 11 to 14 The energy dissipation body 7 is set by the size of the upper slope width, the lower slope width, the slope length and the slope height, to determine the size of the slope energy dissipation.

[0057] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A low-water flow measurement flume, comprising an inlet gradual change section (1), a stable flow measurement section (2), and an outlet energy dissipation section (3), characterized in that: The bottom of the low-water flow measurement channel is provided with a bottom plate (5), and the upper two sides of the bottom plate (5) are provided with wing walls (4). The lower part of the bottom plate (5) is connected with toothed walls (6), and the lower end of the toothed walls (6) is embedded in the bottom of the riverbed.

2. The low-water flow measurement flume according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate (5) gradually rises from upstream to downstream in the water inlet transition section (1), remains stable and gentle in the stable flow measurement section (2), and gradually decreases from upstream to downstream in the water outlet energy dissipation section (3).

3. The low-water flow measurement flume according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wing wall (4) is higher upstream than downstream of the top of the water inlet transition section (1); the wing wall (4) adopts an inverted V-shape or a straight line structure in the water inlet transition section (1); the wing wall (4) is connected to the stable flow measurement section (2) by an arc in the water inlet transition section (1).

4. The low-water flow measurement flume according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wing wall (4) is parallel and equidistant on both sides of the stable flow measurement section (2); the wing wall (4) adopts a "figure-eight" or straight structure in the water outlet energy dissipation section (3), and its height gradually decreases from upstream to downstream until it is flush with the bottom plate (5).

5. The low-water flow measurement flume according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (5) is provided with an energy dissipation body (7) on the water outlet energy dissipation section (3).

6. The low-water flow measurement flume according to claim 5, characterized in that: The energy dissipation body (7) is cast integrally with the base plate (5); the energy dissipation body (7) can be a stepped type (701), a riveted type (703) or a sloping type (702) according to the downstream anti-scour requirements.

7. The low-water flow measurement flume according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stable flow measurement section (2) is provided with a flow monitoring section. A depth gauge (8) is provided on the inner side of the wing wall (4) of the flow monitoring section, and an operating platform (9) is provided on the bottom plate (5) on the outer side of the wing wall (4) of the flow monitoring section.

8. The low-water flow measurement flume according to claim 7, characterized in that: The zero height of the depth gauge (8) is consistent with the surface height of the base plate (5), and the marking accuracy of the depth gauge (8) is 1cm or 5mm.

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