Square-shell battery and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a square-shell battery and a battery pack, the square-shell battery is in a cuboid shape, the cuboid shape has length, width and height, and the ratio of the width to the length is not less than 0.85: 1 and less than 1: 1, the square-shell battery is easier to form a standardized battery, and the battery pack is more convenient to use. The arrangement is convenient; and the heat transfer problem between the batteries is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to battery technical field, concretely relates to a square cell and battery pack. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing battery structure on the market has conventional blade cell, cylindrical cell and square cell, wherein the size of the blade cell and the square cell is greater than 200mm, which is not easy to arrange in the battery pack; the cylindrical cell can be easily assembled, but has the problem of small single cell capacity.

[0003] The square cell or the blade cell and the like can only be arranged in a direction in the battery pack, for example, n cells are arranged with large faces facing each other, which will cause the following problems:

[0004] 1. The heat diffusion direction of the battery is perpendicular to the direction of the large face, so that after the n cells are arranged in a group, the heat is easily transferred from the winding core large face of one cell to the winding core large face of another cell, increasing the risk of thermal runaway of adjacent cells, and a thicker heat insulation layer needs to be arranged between the cells.

[0005] 2. The size of the battery is too large, and the arrangement direction is fixed, so that a standardized product cannot be formed.

[0006] 3. The existing battery cannot meet the stacking of the electric application device with a height greater than 200mm. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0007] The utility model solves the technical problem of providing a square cell and a battery pack, which are convenient to arrange and reduce the heat diffusion problem of the battery pack.

[0008] The utility model embodiment provides a square cell, the shape of the square cell is cuboid, the cuboid has length, width and height, the ratio of the width to the length is not less than 0.85:1 and less than 1:1.

[0009] The shape of the square cell of the utility model is cuboid, the cuboid has length, width and height, two edges of the pole surface are regarded as length and width, the length and the width have close dimensions, that is, the dimensions of two edges of the pole surface in the cuboid meet the requirements of not less than 0.85:1 and less than 1:1, that is, the length and the width can be regarded as length and width. In the application, the width is shorter than or equal to the length, the ratio of the width to the length is 0.85-1:1 (preferably 0.90-0.99:1), if the width is longer than the length, the ratio of the length to the width is 0.85-1:1 (preferably 0.90-0.99:1). The ratio of the height to the width in the application is 0.5-2.5:1, preferably 0.55-1.5:1, and more preferably 0.85-1:1. The height of the cuboid of the utility model ranges from 70mm to 300mm.

[0010] That is, the square cell battery has a close length-width ratio and length-height ratio. The advantage of such arrangement is that the square cell battery can be stacked in any direction, and it is easier to arrange and combine like building blocks, and the battery pack with different sizes and shapes can be realized.

[0011] The length and width of the square cell battery are preferably selected to be slightly longer than the width. In this way, when the square cell battery is arranged in an array, supplemental components such as heat insulation films, reinforcing ribs, reinforcing plates, cooling components, and buffer components can be arranged between the square cell batteries. The supplemental components can also form an integral whole with the shell of the square cell battery. The width of these structures plus the width of the square cell battery is exactly equal to the length of the square cell battery, so that the cross section of the square cell battery forms a square. In this way, when the square cell battery is arranged in an array, the sizes of the different square cell batteries are consistent, and the arrangement is simpler and more convenient. At the same time, since the winding core of at least one square cell battery and the winding core of another square cell battery are in a non-parallel relationship when the square cell battery is arranged, and are preferably perpendicular, the winding core of at least one square cell battery will be pressed against the surface on which the width of at least one adjacent square cell battery is located when it expands. The supplemental components arranged in this way can improve the strength of the square cell battery and reduce the heat diffusion problem of the battery pack.

[0012] The thickness of the shell on the length-height surface is T1, and the thickness of the shell on the width-height surface is T2, and T2≥T1≥0.8mm. When the square cell battery is arranged in an array, the large surface of the winding core is more likely to press against the surface on which the width is located, so T2 is thickened, and compared with a common square cell battery, the thickness is increased to 0.8mm (the general thickness is 0.6mm) or more, and is further preferably 0.95mm or more, or even 1.0mm or more, which can effectively improve the overall strength of the square cell battery.

[0013] It also includes a winding core, and the large surface of the winding core is parallel to the length-width surface in the cuboid or parallel to the length-height surface, and is preferably parallel to the length-height surface.

[0014] The large surface of the winding core of the square cell battery is parallel to the length-width surface in the cuboid or parallel to the length-height surface. Therefore, when the square cell battery is combined in different directions to form a battery pack, the heat between the square cell batteries is not easily directly transmitted, so that the thickness of the heat insulation layer between the batteries can be reduced, the energy density can be improved, and the cost can be reduced.

[0015] The perpendicular and parallel include near-perpendicular and near-parallel, and a certain angular deviation is allowed, such as a deviation within 5-10%, which is within the protection scope of the application.

[0016] As one of the embodiments, the core is an oval or a rectangle in a winding structure or a laminated structure, and the number of the core can be one or multiple in a single square cell.

[0017] As one of the embodiments, two poles and a pressure relief device are arranged on the long side and the wide side of the cuboid, and the pressure relief device is arranged at the center of the long side and the wide side.

[0018] As one of the embodiments, the cross section of the pressure relief device is a circle, a rectangle or an oval, and the ratio of the width to the length of the rectangle or the oval is 0.6-1:1, preferably 1:1.

[0019] As one of the embodiments, the two poles are arranged symmetrically at the center of the long side and the wide side, and preferably arranged on the diagonal line of the long side and the wide side.

[0020] The embodiments of the utility model provide a battery pack, including multiple square cell, the shape of square cell is cuboid, the cuboid has long, wide and high, the ratio of width and length is 1:1, or the square cell is the square cell of the utility model as described above, multiple square cell is arranged along horizontal and / or vertical array, the core of square cell in battery pack is all parallel, the core of at least one square cell and the core of other square cell is non parallel relation, preferably the core of at least one square cell and the core of other square cell is perpendicular.

[0021] As one of the embodiments, the core of the square cell and the core of at least one adjacent square cell are in a non-parallel relationship, preferably the core of the square cell and the core of at least one adjacent square cell are perpendicular.

[0022] As one of the embodiments, the core of the square cell and the core of all adjacent square cells are in a non-parallel relationship, preferably the core of the square cell and the core of all adjacent square cells are perpendicular.

[0023] As one of the embodiments, a supplement is arranged between the square cells to make the length and width of the square cell equal, the thickness of the supplement is W' and / or W'', the width of the square cell is W, 0

[0024] As one of the embodiments, the distance between the large faces of the housings of adjacent square cells is D, 0

[0025] As one of the embodiments, in the horizontal and / or vertical direction, the number of square cells is not more than 20, and the number is determined according to the size of the square cell and the size of the overall battery device.

[0026] As one of the embodiments, the battery is placed in the battery pack in such a manner that the length and width of the battery are parallel to the horizontal plane, or the length and width of the battery are perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0027] As one of the embodiments, in the lateral and / or longitudinal direction, the directions of the winding cores of m square shell batteries are the same, forming a battery group, the directions of the winding cores of n square shell batteries are the same, forming a battery group, the two battery groups are adjacent, and the winding cores of the battery groups are perpendicular to each other, wherein m and n are greater than 1.

[0028] For example, when the battery pack is 2 layers high, the winding cores of the adjacent square shell batteries in the first layer are perpendicular to each other, the winding cores of the adjacent square shell batteries in the second layer are perpendicular to each other, and at the same time, the winding cores of the adjacent square shell batteries in the first layer are perpendicular to each other.

[0029] Or when the battery pack is 2 layers high, the winding cores of the adjacent square shell batteries in the first layer are parallel to each other, the winding cores of the adjacent square shell batteries in the second layer are parallel to each other, and at the same time, the winding cores of the adjacent square shell batteries in the first layer are perpendicular to each other.

[0030] For example, when the battery pack is 3 layers high, the winding cores of 3 adjacent square shell batteries in the first layer are parallel to each other, forming a battery group A, the winding cores of another 3 adjacent square shell batteries are parallel to each other, forming a battery group B, the winding cores of the battery group A and the battery group B are perpendicular to each other, the third layer is the same as the first layer, the winding cores of 3 adjacent square shell batteries in the second layer are parallel to each other, forming a battery group A ， , the winding cores of another 3 adjacent square shell batteries are parallel to each other, forming a battery group B ， , the battery group A ， is located below the battery group A, and the winding cores of the battery group A and the battery group A ， are perpendicular to each other.

[0031] Or when the battery pack is 3 layers high, the winding cores of the adjacent square shell batteries in the first layer are parallel to each other, the winding cores of the adjacent square shell batteries in the second layer are parallel to each other, and at the same time, the winding cores of the adjacent square shell batteries in the first layer are perpendicular to each other, the winding cores of the adjacent square shell batteries in the third layer are parallel to each other, and at the same time, the winding cores of the adjacent square shell batteries in the second layer are perpendicular to each other.

[0032] The utility model discloses a more easily form standardization battery, reduce the expansion accumulation problem and heat transfer problem between the battery.

[0033] The utility model discloses a plurality of square shell batteries are designed to lie and stack, can easily realize high battery pack (>=200mm) group, and realize the multilayer stacking group mode in energy storage cabinet.

[0034] The battery is designed as a quasi-square with a width W close to a length L, the mutual perpendicular arrangement of the batteries in the battery pack can be realized, and the heat transfer between the JR (winding core) of the batteries is reduced.

[0035] In addition, the JR is perpendicular to each other, the JR side surface of the adjacent battery acts as an expansion force blocking surface or a restraint surface of the JR large surface of another battery, the expansion force of the battery is blocked, the expansion force between the batteries is cancelled out and cannot be accumulated, and the end plate cannot be transmitted to the end plate, so that the thickness of the end plate can be reduced, the energy density is improved, and the cost is reduced.

[0036] The battery is designed as a quasi-square with a width W close to a length L, the mutual perpendicular arrangement of the batteries in the battery pack can be realized, and the heat transfer between the JR (winding core) of the batteries is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 The structure schematic view of the square shell battery of the embodiment.

[0038] Figure 2 The structure schematic view of the winding core in the battery of the embodiment.

[0039] Figure 3 The structure schematic view of the winding core in the battery of the embodiment.

[0040] Figure 4 The structure schematic view of the embodiment when the length L and the width W are not equal.

[0041] Figure 5 The structure schematic view of the embodiment when the length L and the width W are not equal.

[0042] Figure 6 The structure schematic view of one of the arrangements of the square shell batteries in the battery pack (adjacent vertical, the top view of the batteries standing in the battery pack).

[0043] Figure 7 The structure schematic view of one of the arrangements of the square shell batteries in the battery pack (n continuous parallel to form a battery pack, m continuous parallel to form a battery pack, the top view of the battery pack and the battery pack perpendicular to each other, the batteries standing in the battery pack).

[0044] Figure 8 The structure schematic view of one of the arrangements of the square shell batteries in the battery pack (adjacent vertical, the side view of the batteries lying in the battery pack).

[0045] Figure 9 The structure schematic view of one of the arrangements of the square shell batteries in the battery pack (m continuous parallel to block).

[0046] Figure 10 One of the arrangement (adjacent vertical) structure diagram of each square shell battery in the battery pack.

[0047] Figure 11 One of the arrangement (upper horizontal and lower vertical or upper vertical and lower horizontal) structure diagram of each square shell battery of the lying battery in the battery pack.

[0048] Figure 12 One of the arrangement (m continuous parallel) structure diagram of each square shell battery of the lying battery in the battery pack.

[0049] Figure 13 One of the arrangement (all horizontal) structure diagram of each square shell battery of the lying battery in the battery pack.

[0050] Figure 14 One of the arrangement (all vertical) structure diagram of each square shell battery of the lying battery in the battery pack.

[0051] Figure 15 One of the arrangement (adjacent all vertical) structure diagram of each square shell battery of the lying battery in the battery pack.

[0052] Figure 16 One of the arrangement (all vertical in the middle layer, all horizontal in the upper and lower layers) structure diagram of each square shell battery of the lying battery in the battery pack.

[0053] Figure 17 One of the arrangement (all horizontal in the middle layer, all vertical in the upper and lower layers) structure diagram of each square shell battery of the lying battery in the battery pack.

[0054] Figure 18 The arrangement structure diagram of the conventional square battery.

[0055] Figure 19 The arrangement structure diagram of the square shell battery of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0056] Figure 20 The connection structure diagram of the electric connection sheet of the conventional square battery.

[0057] Figure 21 One of the connection structure diagram of the electric connection sheet of the battery pack of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0058] Figure 22 One of the connection structure diagram of the electric connection sheet of the battery pack of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0059] Wherein, 1 pressure relief piece, 2 electrode, 3 electric connection sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] Example 1

[0061] A type of square-shell battery, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery has length, width, and height dimensions: length L, width W, and height H. The longer side L is parallel to the large surface of the internal winding core.

[0062] A standard positive cell, in which The following condition must be met: 0.85 ≤ <1, meaning the projected shape of the battery's terminal surface is a quasi-square or square, preferably 0.90≤ <1; a further preferred ratio is 0.90-0.99:1.

[0063] when Not equal to 1, i.e., 0.85≤ When the thickness is less than 1, it is preferable to add a correction structure to one side of the battery, and set the thickness of the correction structure to W' or W'', so that the quasi-square battery plus the thickness of the correction structure becomes a square, that is, W + W' ≈ L (e.g., Figure 4 ), or W+W'+W ’’ ≈L (e.g.) Figure 5 ).

[0064] The battery of this invention has 6 surfaces. The surface containing the terminals, i.e. the length and width, is S1 (called the top cover surface). The surface opposite it is S2 (called the bottom surface). The two surfaces formed by the L side and the H side are S3 and S4 (called the large surfaces, i.e. the surfaces parallel to the large surface of the inner core). The surfaces formed by the W side and the H side are S5 and S6 (called the side surfaces, i.e. the surfaces perpendicular to the large surface of the inner core). S3 and S5 satisfy the following relationship: 0.85≤S5 / S3<1, and S3=S4 and S5=S6; more preferably, 0.90≤S5 / S3<1.

[0065] Width W ≥ 100mm, further optimized to W [120,200] mm, determined by the size of the battery pack or energy storage cabinet. Recommended W ≤ , w’ The shorter side of the top view of the battery pack or energy storage cabinet, m≤10 (battery pack), m≤20 (energy storage cabinet).

[0066] The above design makes the two sides and two large surfaces of the battery close together, forming a standard quasi-square battery, which facilitates the combination and arrangement of the battery in electrical application devices.

[0067] The internal core of the battery is an elliptical wound structure (e.g., ...). Figure 3 ), or a rectangular structure with stacked panels (such as Figure 2), the number of the winding core is n, n≥2, further n≥4; when it is a laminated core, n can be equal to 1.

[0068] Figures 2-5 is Figure 1 a top view of the battery pack, the number of the winding core is 4, all of which are perpendicular to at least one high of the cuboid, i.e. Figures 2-5 perpendicular to the side, or can be perpendicular to the large face as needed.

[0069] Embodiment 2

[0070] An electric application device package, i.e. a battery pack, in which at least two or more square shell batteries are arranged vertically, the square shell battery has a cuboid shape, the cuboid shape has length, width and height, the ratio of the width and the length is 1:1, or the square shell battery is the square shell battery of embodiment 1. That is, the S3 face of one battery and the S5 or S6 face of another battery are parallel, or the S5 face of one battery and the S3 or S4 face of another battery are perpendicular to each other. At this time, the internal winding core of at least two or more batteries is arranged vertically.

[0071] When the S1 face is parallel to the bottom face (parallel to the horizontal face) of the battery pack, at least two or more batteries JR are arranged vertically, and further optimized as m continuous parallel and adjacent vertical design. m≤10, too large and the cumulative force of expansion is large.

[0072] As Figures 6-15 shown, they are all views of the battery pack, in which Figure 6 , Figure 8 are shown, each square shell battery is perpendicular to the adjacent square shell battery, so that the heat of the winding core of each square shell battery is not easily transferred to the first battery pack, the heat is not easily accumulated in the battery pack, and the performance of the battery pack is improved.

[0073] The battery of the utility model is straight in the battery pack, which means that the face where the pole is located is parallel to the horizontal face.

[0074] The battery of the utility model is flat in the battery pack, which means that the face where the pole is located is perpendicular to the horizontal face.

[0075] As Figure 7 , Figure 9 shown, m square shell batteries can be continuously parallel, and the winding core of n continuously parallel square shell batteries is kept in a vertical relationship.

[0076] When the S1 face is perpendicular to the bottom face (parallel to the horizontal face) of the battery pack, i.e. flat stacking placement.

[0077] 1) When n=2 (n is the number of stacking layers), the number of JR vertical batteries≥0.

[0078] AsFigure 10 As shown, the winding cores of the adjacent batteries are perpendicular to each other, as shown in Figure 11 As shown, the winding cores of the upper square shell batteries are parallel to each other, and the winding cores of the upper square shell batteries and the winding cores of the lower square shell batteries are perpendicular to each other, as shown in Figure 12 As shown in Figure 11 On the basis of Figure 11 The structure shown in is flipped, that is, the first layer becomes the second layer, and then is spliced with the structure shown in Figures 13-14 At this time, the battery pack composed of three square shell batteries parallel to each other and the adjacent battery pack are perpendicular to each other.

[0079] As shown in Figure 15 The winding cores of the batteries in the battery pack are all parallel, that is, all horizontal or all vertical.

[0080] 2) When n=3 (n is the number of stacked layers), the optimal design is that the adjacent faces are perpendicular (as shown in Figures 16-17 ), or the middle layer is designed as all vertical or all horizontal (as shown in Figure 18 ).

[0081] Example 3

[0082] The battery design has a pressure relief device, as shown in Figure 18 The traditional rectangular battery is generally designed as an ellipse due to size limitations, and the major and minor axes of the ellipse are limited by size. In addition, in order to facilitate stacking, a layout as shown in Figure 20 is generally used, which causes the pressure relief structure of the battery to be unable to be uniformly distributed on a straight line, which will cause the pressure relief channel in the battery pack to be relatively complex.

[0083] At the same time, the design of the connecting piece of the pole is also relatively complex, and a long connecting piece is needed for transition, as shown in Figure 19 This is particularly true when the number of square shell batteries in the battery pack reaches a certain level.

[0084] This embodiment adjusts the position of the pressure relief member 2, and the pressure relief member 2 and the pole 1 are arranged on the length and width surface of the square shell battery, rather than on the side surface or large surface. Since the length and width dimensions are close, the pressure relief member 2 can be designed as a circle or a square, and the two poles 1 are symmetrically arranged with the pressure relief member 2 as the center, as shown in Figure 22 , 21 As shown in Figure 21 , the connecting line of the two poles is parallel to the length or width edge, as shown in , the connecting line of the two poles is the diagonal line of the length and width surface. The shape of the two poles can be cylindrical or cuboid, and is preferably circular.

[0085] This design allows the arranged pressure relief structure to be on a straight line, and there is no problem of inconsistent direction of the pressure relief structure.

[0086] The embodiment is square battery + inclined electric connecting piece design, so that the arranged battery can easily realize the connection between the batteries, as shown in Figure 22 The pole of the battery is designed at the diagonal position of the battery, so that the electric connection problem of the vertical battery arrangement can be further simplified, as shown in ​ The above design of the utility model can realize the different angle arrangement of the battery and the uniform direction of the pressure relief device. The overall layout is more beautiful, simple and convenient, and the connection is convenient and will not be confused. The assembly is more rapid.

[0087] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above discussion of any embodiment is only exemplary and is not intended to imply that the protection scope of the application is limited to these examples; under the idea of the application, the above embodiments or technical features in different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes of different aspects of one or more embodiments of the application as described above. In order to be brief, they are not provided in details.

[0088] One or more embodiments of the present application are intended to cover all such replacements, modifications and variations falling within the broad scope of the present application. Therefore, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A square prismatic battery, characterized by, The shape of the square shell battery is cuboid, the cuboid has length, width and height, the ratio of width to length is not less than 0.85:1 and less than 1:

1.

2. The square prismatic battery of claim 1, wherein, The ratio of width to length is 0.90-0.99:

1.

3. The square can battery of claim 1, wherein the square can battery is characterized by, The ratio of height to width is 0.5-2.5:1, and further preferably the ratio of height to width is 0.55-1.5:

1.

4. The square prismatic battery of claim 1, wherein the battery is a lithium ion battery. The thickness of the shell of the long-height plane is T1, the thickness of the shell of the wide-height plane is T2, T2≥T1≥0.8mm, and further preferably T2≥T1≥0.95mm.

5. The prismatic battery as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It also includes a winding core, the large face of the winding core is parallel to the long-width plane in the cuboid or the large face of the winding core is parallel to the height plane.

6. The square prismatic battery of claim 5, wherein the battery is characterized by, The winding core is an oval in a winding structure or a rectangle in a laminated structure.

7. The square prismatic battery of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the cathode is a lithium metal cathode. It also includes two polar columns on the long-width plane of the cuboid and a pressure relief member, the pressure relief member is located at the center of the long-width plane.

8. The square prismatic battery of claim 7, wherein the battery is characterized by, The two polar columns and the pressure relief member are located on the same long-width plane or on two opposite long-width planes respectively.

9. The square prismatic battery of claim 7, wherein the battery is a lithium ion battery. The cross section of the pressure relief member is circular or rectangular or elliptical, the ratio of width to length of the rectangular or elliptical shape is 0.6-1:1, and preferably 1:

1.

10. The square prismatic battery of claim 7, wherein the battery is a lithium ion battery. The two polar columns are symmetrically arranged at the center of the long-width plane, and are preferably arranged on the diagonal of the long-width plane.

11. A battery pack, characterized by, The square shell battery has a cuboid shape, the cuboid has length, width and height, the ratio of width to length is 1:1, or the square shell battery is the square shell battery according to any one of claims 1-10, and a plurality of the square shell batteries are arranged in an array in the transverse and / or longitudinal direction; the winding cores of the square shell batteries in the battery pack are all parallel, or the winding core of at least one square shell battery and the winding cores of other square shell batteries are in a non-parallel relationship, and preferably the winding core of at least one square shell battery and the winding cores of other square shell batteries are perpendicular.

12. The battery pack of claim 11, wherein, The winding core of the square shell battery and the winding core of at least one adjacent square shell battery are in a non-parallel relationship, and preferably the winding core of the square shell battery and the winding core of at least one adjacent square shell battery are perpendicular.

13. The battery pack of claim 11, wherein, The winding core of the square shell battery and the winding cores of all adjacent square shell batteries are in a non-parallel relationship, and preferably the winding core of the square shell battery and the winding cores of all adjacent square shell batteries are perpendicular.

14. The battery pack of any one of claims 11-13, wherein, Supplementary members are arranged between the square shell batteries to make the length and width of the square shell batteries equal, the thickness of the supplementary members is W' and / or W'', the width of the square shell battery is W, 0 15. The battery pack of any one of claims 11-13, wherein, The distance between the large faces of the shells of adjacent square shell batteries is D, 0≤D≤10%W.

16. The battery pack of any one of claims 11-13, wherein, The square shell battery is placed in the battery pack in the following manner: the long-width plane of the square shell battery is parallel to the horizontal plane, or the long-width plane is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

17. The battery pack of any one of claims 11-13, wherein the battery pack is configured to be mounted to a vehicle in a location that is not in contact with the vehicle's frame. In the transverse and / or longitudinal direction, the directions of the winding cores of m square shell batteries are the same, forming a battery group, the directions of the winding cores of n square shell batteries are the same, forming a battery group, two battery groups are adjacent, and the winding cores of the battery groups are perpendicular to each other, and m and n are both greater than 1.

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