Voltage balancing device, vehicle control system and vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a voltage balancing device, a vehicle control system and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of automobiles. The device at least comprises a first battery, a second battery, a voltage balancing component and a vehicle-mounted charger, wherein one end of the first battery is connected in series with one end of the second battery; the vehicle-mounted charger at least comprises a first switch tube and a second switch tube; one end of the first switch tube is connected with the other end of the first battery; one end of the second switch tube is connected with the other end of the second battery; the other end of the first switch tube and the other end of the second switch tube are connected with one end of the voltage balancing component; and the other end of the voltage balancing component is connected with the series connection midpoint of the first battery and the second battery. According to the invention, voltage balance can be realized quickly and effectively, the cost can be reduced, and the space is saved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a voltage equalization device, a vehicle control system and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a new energy automobile, the voltage platform of the whole vehicle high-voltage system and the charging pile voltage gradually become high-voltage, and a plurality of batteries are usually connected in series and in parallel in the battery pack of the vehicle to meet the charging demand of the vehicle and improve the charging efficiency of the vehicle.

[0003] When each battery in the battery pack is connected in series, the voltages between each battery are usually not equal. In this case, when the battery is switched from series connection to parallel connection, a voltage difference is generated, which further causes a large current to be generated, which is easy to burn out the switch or the device, thereby affecting the safety of the battery and the high-voltage system. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a voltage equalization device, a vehicle control system and a vehicle to achieve the effect of quickly and effectively realizing voltage equalization.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a voltage equalization device, which at least includes a first battery, a second battery, a voltage equalization component and a vehicle-mounted charger, wherein

[0006] One end of the first battery is connected in series with one end of the second battery.

[0007] The vehicle-mounted charger at least includes a first switch tube and a second switch tube; one end of the first switch tube is connected with the other end of the first battery; one end of the second switch tube is connected with the other end of the second battery; the other end of the first switch tube and the other end of the second switch tube are connected with one end of the voltage equalization component; the other end of the voltage equalization component is connected with the series connection midpoint of the first battery and the second battery.

[0008] Optionally, the voltage equalization component at least includes an energy storage element and a first switch element, wherein

[0009] One end of the energy storage element is connected with one end of the first switch element, and the other end of the energy storage element is respectively connected with the other end of the first switch tube and the other end of the second switch tube.

[0010] The other end of the first switch element is connected with the series connection midpoint of the first battery and the second battery.

[0011] Optionally, the device further includes a control driver, wherein

[0012] The control driver is in communication connection with the on-board charger; the control driver is configured to control the conduction state of the first switch tube and the second switch tube.

[0013] Optionally, the device further comprises a battery management system; wherein,

[0014] The battery management system is in communication connection with the control driver and the voltage equalization component, respectively;

[0015] The battery management system is configured to determine a first control signal and a second control signal according to the voltage difference information between the first voltage corresponding to the first battery and the second voltage corresponding to the second battery, and send the first control signal to the control driver and the second control signal to the voltage equalization component; wherein, the first control signal is used to determine the conduction state of the first switch tube and the second switch tube; the second control signal is used to control the conduction state of the voltage equalization component.

[0016] Optionally, the first control signal indicates to turn on the first switch tube first and then turn on the second switch tube; the second control signal indicates to control the voltage equalization component to be turned on; wherein,

[0017] After the first switch tube is turned on, one end of the first battery is connected to the other end of the first battery through the first switch tube and the voltage equalization component, forming a first loop; the first loop is used to store the voltage in the first battery into the voltage equalization component;

[0018] After the second switch tube is turned on, one end of the second battery is connected to the other end of the second battery through the voltage equalization component and the second switch tube, forming a second loop; the second loop is used to transfer the stored voltage in the voltage equalization component to the second battery.

[0019] Optionally, the first control signal indicates to turn on the second switch tube first and then turn on the first switch tube; the second control signal indicates to control the voltage equalization component to be turned on; wherein,

[0020] After the second switch tube is turned on, one end of the second battery is connected to the other end of the second battery through the voltage equalization component and the second switch tube, forming a third loop; the third loop is used to store the voltage in the second battery into the voltage equalization component;

[0021] After the first switch tube is turned on, one end of the first battery is connected to the other end of the first battery through the first switch tube and the voltage balancing component, forming a fourth loop; the fourth loop is used to transfer the voltage stored in the voltage balancing component to the first battery.

[0022] Optionally, the device further comprises a second switch element; one end of the second switch element is connected with the second battery, and the other end is connected to the first battery through the series midpoint;

[0023] After the second switch element is closed, the first battery and the second battery are connected in series, and the first battery and the second battery are subjected to voltage balancing processing through the voltage balancing component, the first switch tube and the second switch tube.

[0024] Optionally, the device further comprises a third switch element and a fourth switch element; wherein,

[0025] One end of the third switch element is connected with the first battery, and the other end is connected with one end of the second switch element; one end of the fourth switch element is connected with the series midpoint, and the other end is connected with the second battery;

[0026] After the third switch element and the fourth switch element are closed, the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel.

[0027] In a second aspect, the application provides a vehicle control system, which comprises the voltage balancing device of any one of the first aspect.

[0028] In a third aspect, the application provides a vehicle, which comprises the vehicle control system of the second aspect.

[0029] The voltage balancing device, the vehicle control system and the vehicle provided by the embodiments of the application can connect the high-voltage power switch tube in the multiplexed vehicle-mounted charger with the voltage balancing component, and then connect the series midpoint of the connected batteries, so that the turn-on and turn-off of the high-voltage power switch tube can be controlled, the unbalanced voltage can be stored in the voltage balancing component first, and then the voltage stored in the voltage balancing component can be transferred, which not only realizes rapid and orderly voltage transfer and voltage balancing, avoids the problem that a large current is generated when parallel operation is performed, and the device and the circuit are damaged, but also avoids deploying an additional voltage balancing device, reduces the hardware cost, and saves the hardware space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into and form part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0031] Figure 1 A structure diagram of a voltage equalization device provided for an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 2 A structure diagram of a voltage equalization device provided for an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 3 A structure diagram of a voltage equalization device provided for an embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0034] Figure 4 A structure diagram of a first loop and a second loop provided for an embodiment of the present application

[0035] Figure 5 A structure diagram of a third loop and a fourth loop provided for an embodiment of the present application

[0036] Figure 6 A structure diagram of a voltage equalization device provided for an embodiment of the present application Figure 4 ;

[0037] Figure 7 A structure diagram of a vehicle control system provided for an embodiment of the present application

[0038] Figure 8 A structure diagram of a vehicle provided for an embodiment of the present application

[0039] The specific embodiments of the present application have been shown through the above-described drawings, and will be described in more detail hereinafter. These drawings and written descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein with reference to the attached drawings. The same or similar components are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout the drawings and the written description, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments are not meant to represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0041] With the increasing demand for energy supplement of new energy electric vehicles, the voltage platform of the high-voltage system of the whole vehicle and the voltage of the charging pile are gradually high-voltage. For example, the voltage of the whole vehicle gradually develops from 400V to 800V, and the charging pile develops from 500V and 750V to 1000V. At this time, the vehicle needs to be configured with a corresponding high-voltage architecture.

[0042] At present, one of the high-voltage architecture design methods of the whole vehicle is to realize the charging or power consumption of the vehicle by connecting the batteries in the battery pack in series or parallel, so as to meet different voltage requirements.

[0043] At this time, when the batteries in the battery pack are connected in series, the voltages of the two batteries are usually not equal, and at this time, the voltage difference will cause a large current when the two series-connected batteries are switched in parallel, and there is a risk of burning out the switch, device or circuit.

[0044] In this case, the voltages of the two batteries need to be balanced under the series connection state of the two batteries, and the voltages of the two batteries are equal before switching to the parallel state, so as to avoid generating a large current and ensure the safety and reliability of the battery and high-voltage system.

[0045] In one embodiment, a large resistance resistor can be connected in parallel to each battery cell for balancing the voltage between the two batteries. This method generally has a small balancing current and a long balancing time, so it cannot meet the real-time requirements of the two-battery parallel operation.

[0046] In another embodiment, the battery management system of the battery pack can be used to actively balance the voltage, but this method can only actively balance a limited current and cannot meet the balancing requirements of the high-voltage architecture.

[0047] The voltage balancing device provided by the application can form a high-power voltage balancer by calling the on-board charger and adding some elements (i.e. voltage balancing components), so as to realize the rapid and orderly transfer and balancing of the battery energy in the battery pack, thereby avoiding the problem of generating a large current when performing parallel operation and thereby avoiding the problem of safety hazard.

[0048] The technical solutions of the application and how the technical solutions of the application solve the above technical problems will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes can not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of the application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0049] Figure 1 The structure of a voltage balancing device provided by the application Figure 1 As shown in Figure 1 The circuit at least includes: a first battery 101, a second battery 102, a voltage balancing component 103 and an on-board charger 104.

[0050] One end of the first battery 101 is connected with one end of the second battery 102 in series; the on-board charger 104 at least includes a first switch tube 1041 and a second switch tube 1042; one end of the first switch tube 1041 is connected with the other end of the first battery 101; one end of the second switch tube 1042 is connected with the other end of the second battery 102; the other end of the first switch tube 1041 and the other end of the second switch tube 1042 are connected with one end of the voltage equalization component 103; the other end of the voltage equalization component 103 is connected with the series connection point of the first battery 101 and the second battery 102.

[0051] In one example, the first switch tube and the second switch tube included in the on-board charger can be understood as high-voltage power switch tubes on the HV (High Voltage) output rectification side of the on-board charger, so that a high-power voltage equalizer can be formed by using the high-power switch tubes.

[0052] In one example, the voltage equalization component can be used to transfer the unbalanced voltage of the first battery and the second battery in the series connection state, at this time, the voltage equalization component can be an inductive element, or a capacitive element, etc., and here the type of element used for voltage equalization is not limited, as long as it can be implemented.

[0053] In this embodiment, the high-voltage power switch tube in the multiplexed on-board charger can be connected with the voltage equalization component, and then connected with the series connection point of the series-connected batteries, so that by controlling the conduction and closure of the high-voltage power switch tube, the unbalanced voltage can be first stored in the voltage equalization component, and then the voltage stored in the voltage equalization component can be transferred, not only realizing fast and orderly voltage transfer and voltage equalization, avoiding the problem of large current generated during parallel operation and thus damaging devices and lines, but also avoiding the deployment of additional voltage equalization devices, reducing hardware costs and saving hardware space.

[0054] Optionally, the voltage equalization component at least includes an energy storage element and a first switch element, at this time, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 2 A structure diagram of a voltage equalization device provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 As shown in Figure 2 , the circuit at least includes: a first battery 201, a second battery 202, a voltage equalization component 203, and an on-board charger 204.

[0055] One end of the first battery 201 is connected with one end of the second battery 202 in series; the on-board charger 204 at least includes a first switch tube 2041 and a second switch tube 2042; one end of the first switch tube 2041 is connected with the other end of the first battery 201; one end of the second switch tube 2042 is connected with the other end of the second battery 202; the other end of the first switch tube 2041 and the other end of the second switch tube 2042 are connected with one end of the voltage equalization component 203; the other end of the voltage equalization component 203 is connected with the series midpoint of the first battery 201 and the second battery 202.

[0056] As shown in Figure 3 The voltage equalization component 203 includes an energy storage element L and a first switch element K1, wherein one end of the energy storage element L is connected with one end of the first switch element K1, the other end of the energy storage element L is connected with the other end of the first switch tube and the other end of the second switch tube respectively; the other end of the first switch element K1 is connected with the series midpoint of the first battery and the second battery.

[0057] At this time, the first switch element K1 can be controlled to be closed when voltage equalization is needed, and the energy storage and energy release of the energy storage element L can be realized by controlling the sequence of the conduction of the first switch tube 2041 and the second switch tube 2042, so as to realize the voltage equalization processing.

[0058] In a possible implementation, the conduction state of the first switch tube and the second switch tube included in the on-board charger can be controlled by the control driver of the on-board charger, so as to realize the voltage equalization control, for example, the control driver can be communicatively connected with the on-board charger, so as to control the conduction state of the first switch tube and the second switch tube by the control driver.

[0059] Based on this, Figure 3 A structure of a voltage equalization device provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 As shown in Figure 3 The circuit at least includes a first battery 301, a second battery 302, a voltage equalization component 303 and an on-board charger 304, wherein the on-board charger 304 at least includes a first switch tube 3041 and a second switch tube 3042; the voltage equalization component 303 can include an energy storage element L and a first switch element K1.

[0060] In this configuration, one end of the first battery 301 is connected in series with one end of the second battery 302; one end of the first switching transistor 3041 is connected to the other end of the first battery 301; the other end of the first switching transistor 3041 is connected to one end of the energy storage element L; the other end of the energy storage element L is connected to one end of the first switching element K1; the other end of the first switching element K1 is connected to the midpoint of the series connection between the first battery 301 and the second battery 302; one end of the second switching transistor 3042 is connected to the other end of the second battery 302; and the other end of the second switching transistor 3042 is connected to one end of the energy storage element L.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, a microcontroller unit (MCU) can be used as a control driver for an on-board charger. In this case, the microcontroller unit 305 can communicate with the on-board charger, thereby controlling the conduction state of the first switch 3041 and the second switch 3042 in the on-board charger.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the voltages of the first and second batteries can be determined by the Battery Management System (BMS), thereby determining whether voltage equalization is required.

[0063] Based on this, such as Figure 3 As shown, the voltage equalization device may further include a battery management system 306; wherein, the battery management system 306 is connected to a control driver (e.g., Figure 3 The microcontroller unit 305 and voltage equalization component 303 shown are connected in communication.

[0064] At this time, the battery management system 306 is used to determine a first control signal and a second control signal based on the voltage difference information between the first voltage corresponding to the first battery 301 and the second voltage corresponding to the second battery 302; and send the first control signal to the control driver (e.g., Figure 4 In the microcontroller unit 305 shown, a second control signal is sent to the voltage equalization component 303. The first control signal is used to determine the conduction state of the first and second switching transistors; the second control signal is used to control the conduction state of the voltage equalization component.

[0065] In one example, the first control signal can be a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal. In this case, a high level in the PWM signal can be used to control the switching transistor to turn on, and a low level can be used to control the switching transistor to turn off.

[0066] In one example, the second control signal can be understood as a digital signal, used to control the on-off state of the first switch element included in the voltage balancing component, and further control the on-off state of the voltage balancing component.

[0067] In one example, if it is determined based on the pressure difference information that the first voltage corresponding to the first battery is greater than the second voltage corresponding to the second battery, the first control signal can indicate that the first switch tube is turned on first, and then the second switch tube is turned on; the second control signal indicates that the voltage balancing component is turned on, that is, the first switch element in the voltage balancing component is closed.

[0068] At this time, based on the voltage balancing device shown in Figure 4 The voltage balancing device shown in the voltage balancing device can be used to connect one end of the first battery to the other end of the first battery through the first switch tube, the voltage balancing component, and then form a first loop after the first switch tube is turned on; the first loop is used to store the voltage in the first battery into the voltage balancing component. After the second switch tube is turned on, one end of the second battery is connected to the other end of the second battery through the voltage balancing component and the second switch tube, and a second loop is formed; the second loop is used to transfer the voltage stored in the voltage balancing component to the second battery.

[0069] Referring to Figure 4 , Figure 3 A first loop and a second loop structure diagram provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in Figure 5 The first switch tube is turned on first, and at this time, one end of the first battery is connected to the other end of the first battery through the first switch tube and the voltage balancing component, and a first loop is formed; then the first switch tube is turned off, and the second switch tube is turned on, and at this time, one end of the second battery is connected to the other end of the second battery through the voltage balancing component and the second switch tube, and a second loop is formed.

[0070] In one example, if it is determined based on the pressure difference information that the first voltage corresponding to the first battery is greater than the second voltage corresponding to the second battery, the first control signal can indicate that the first switch tube is turned on first, and then the second switch tube is turned on; the second control signal indicates that the voltage balancing component is turned on, that is, the first switch element in the voltage balancing component is closed.

[0071] At this time, based on the voltage balancing device shown in Figure 5 The voltage balancing device shown in the voltage balancing device can be used to connect one end of the first battery to the other end of the first battery through the first switch tube, the voltage balancing component, and then form a first loop after the first switch tube is turned on; the first loop is used to store the voltage in the first battery into the voltage balancing component. After the second switch tube is turned on, one end of the second battery is connected to the other end of the second battery through the voltage balancing component and the second switch tube, and a second loop is formed; the second loop is used to transfer the voltage stored in the voltage balancing component to the second battery.

[0072] Referring to Figure 5 , Figure 6 A third loop and a fourth loop structure schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in Figure 6 The second switch tube is turned on, at this time, one end of the second battery is connected to the other end of the second battery through the voltage balancing component and the second switch tube, forming a third loop; then, the second switch tube is turned off and the first switch tube is turned on, at this time, one end of the first battery is connected to the other end of the first battery through the first switch tube and the voltage balancing component, forming a fourth loop.

[0073] At this time, after voltage balancing according to the first loop and the second loop (or the third loop and the fourth loop) described above, it is determined that the first voltage corresponding to the first battery is equal to the second voltage corresponding to the second battery, then the driving of the first switch tube and the second switch tube by the micro control unit can be closed, and the first switch element is turned off.

[0074] In a possible application scenario, the voltage balancing device described above can be applied to the series-parallel switching scenario of the batteries in the battery pack.

[0075] At this time, referring to Figure 4 , Figure 6 A voltage balancing device structure schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in Figure 6 . As shown in Figure 6 , the circuit at least includes: a first battery 601, a second battery 602, a voltage balancing component 603, an on-board charger 604, a micro control unit 605 and a battery management system 606. Wherein, the micro control unit 605 is in communication connection with the on-board charger 604, the battery management system 606 is in communication connection with the micro control unit 605 and the voltage balancing component 603 respectively, the on-board charger 604 at least includes a first switch tube 6041 and a second switch tube 6042; the voltage balancing component 603 can include an energy storage element L and a first switch element K1.

[0076] As shown in Figure 7 , a second switch element K2 is further arranged between the first battery 601 and the second battery 602, at this time, the battery management system 606 is further in communication connection with the second switch element K2.

[0077] At this time, one end of the first battery 601 is connected in series with one end of the second battery 602 via the second switching element K2 (that is, one end of the second switching element K2 is connected to the second battery 602, and the other end is connected to the first battery 601 via the midpoint of the series connection); one end of the first switching transistor 6041 is connected to the other end of the first battery 601; the other end of the first switching transistor 6041 is connected to one end of the energy storage element L; the other end of the energy storage element L is connected to one end of the first switching element K1; the other end of the first switching element K1 is connected to one end of the second battery 602 after passing through the second switching element K2; one end of the second switching transistor 6042 is connected to the other end of the second battery 602; the other end of the second switching transistor 6042 is connected to one end of the energy storage element L.

[0078] In one example, after the second switching element is closed, the first and second batteries are connected in series, and the voltage of the first and second batteries is balanced by a voltage equalization component, a first switching transistor, and a second switching transistor.

[0079] In one example, after voltage equalization of the first and second batteries, a parallel connection can be performed to connect the first and second batteries in parallel.

[0080] Based on this, such as Figure 7 As shown, the device also includes a third switching element K3 and a fourth switching element K4; wherein, one end of the third switching element K3 is connected to the first battery 601, and the other end is connected to the line connecting the second switching element K2 and the second battery 602; one end of the fourth switching element K4 is connected to the midpoint of the series connection, and the other end is connected to the second battery 602.

[0081] At this point, after the voltage balancing process of the first battery and the second battery is completed, the first switch element K1 and the second switch element K2 can be disconnected, and the third switch element K3 and the fourth switch element K4 can be closed, thereby connecting the first battery 601 and the second battery 602 in parallel.

[0082] In another possible application scenario, the voltage equalization device described above can also be used in the battery pack to perform voltage equalization between the first and second batteries during the battery charging process in order to prevent overcharging; it can also be used in scenarios where voltage equalization is performed due to battery aging, etc. The specific application scenario of the voltage equalization device is not limited here, as long as it can be implemented.

[0083] See Figure 7 , Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a vehicle control system provided in this application is shown below. Figure 8 As shown, the vehicle control system includes any of the voltage equalization devices mentioned above.

[0084] SeeFigure 8 , Figure 7 A schematic view of a vehicle structure is provided in the present application, as shown in ​ The vehicle includes ​ A vehicle control system as shown.

[0085] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the present application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which the application pertains or can relate and fall within the scope of the appended claims. The present application is not restricted to the precise construction and limitations described herein and shown in the accompanying drawings, but excludes no alterations and modifications or equivalent arrangements except that it is limited to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A voltage equalization device, characterized in that, The device includes at least: a first battery, a second battery, a voltage equalization component, and an on-board charger; wherein... One end of the first battery is connected in series with one end of the second battery; The on-board charger includes at least a first switching transistor and a second switching transistor; one end of the first switching transistor is connected to the other end of the first battery; one end of the second switching transistor is connected to the other end of the second battery; the other ends of the first switching transistor and the other ends of the second switching transistor are connected to one end of the voltage equalization component; the other end of the voltage equalization component is connected to the midpoint of the series connection between the first battery and the second battery.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage equalization component includes at least an energy storage element and a first switching element; wherein... One end of the energy storage element is connected to one end of the first switching element, and the other end of the energy storage element is connected to the other end of the first switching transistor and the other end of the second switching transistor, respectively. The other end of the first switching element is connected to the midpoint of the series connection between the first battery and the second battery.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The device also includes a control driver, wherein... The control driver is communicatively connected to the on-board charger; the control driver is used to control the conduction state of the first switch and the second switch.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The device also includes a battery management system; wherein... The battery management system is communicatively connected to the control driver and the voltage equalization component, respectively. The battery management system is configured to determine a first control signal and a second control signal based on the voltage difference information between the first voltage corresponding to the first battery and the second voltage corresponding to the second battery; and send the first control signal to the control driver and the second control signal to the voltage equalization component; wherein, the first control signal is used to determine the conduction state of the first switch and the second switch; and the second control signal is used to control the conduction state of the voltage equalization component.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first control signal indicates that the first switching transistor should be turned on first, followed by the second switching transistor; the second control signal indicates that the voltage equalization component should be turned on; wherein... After the first switch is turned on, one end of the first battery is connected to the other end of the first battery via the first switch and the voltage equalization component, forming a first circuit; the first circuit is used to store the voltage in the first battery into the voltage equalization component. After the second switch is turned on, one end of the second battery is connected to the other end of the second battery via the voltage equalization component and the second switch to form a second circuit; the second circuit is used to transfer the voltage stored in the voltage equalization component to the second battery.

6. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first control signal indicates that the second switching transistor should be turned on first, followed by the first switching transistor; the second control signal indicates that the voltage equalization component should be turned on; wherein... After the second switch is turned on, one end of the second battery is connected to the other end of the second battery via the voltage equalization component and the second switch, forming a third circuit; the third circuit is used to store the voltage in the second battery into the voltage equalization component; After the first switch is turned on, one end of the first battery is connected to the other end of the first battery via the first switch and the voltage equalization component, forming a fourth circuit; the fourth circuit is used to transfer the voltage stored in the voltage equalization component to the first battery.

7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The device further includes: a second switching element; one end of the second switching element is connected to the second battery, and the other end is connected to the first battery via the midpoint of the series connection; After the second switching element is closed, the first battery and the second battery are connected in series, and the voltage of the first battery and the second battery is balanced by the voltage equalization component, the first switching transistor and the second switching transistor.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The device further includes a third switching element and a fourth switching element; wherein... One end of the third switching element is connected to the first battery, and the other end is connected to one end of the second switching element; one end of the fourth switching element is connected to the midpoint of the series connection, and the other end is connected to the second battery. After the third and fourth switching elements are closed, the first and second batteries are connected in parallel.

9. A vehicle control system, characterized in that, The vehicle control system includes the voltage equalization device as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes the vehicle control system described in claim 9.

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