Trilobal wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration

Abstract

The utility model discloses a three-blade wheel-shaped catalyst particle structure which at least comprises a blade circle, a plurality of blade rings, a plurality of blades and a plurality of catalyst particles, wherein the blade circle is used for forming three blade outer arc lines which are arranged at intervals; a center circle concentric with the blade circle; the number of the blade angle circles is six, every two blade angle circles form a group, and each blade angle circle is tangent to the blade circle; the number of the transition ellipses is six, every two transition ellipses form a group, and each group of transition ellipses corresponds to each group of blade angle circles; the two transition ellipses in each group intersect to form a heart shape; each transition ellipse is tangent to the corresponding blade angle circle and is tangent to the central circle; a smooth curve formed by three blade outer arc lines, six blade angle circle outer arc lines and six transition ellipse inner arc lines forms a cross section contour line of the catalyst particle; the three blades formed in the cross section are in an axe blade shape, and the three inter-blade grooves formed in the cross section are in an omega shape. According to the utility model, on the premise of meeting the strength requirement of the catalyst, the particle grooves are more open, the particle stacking density is smaller, and the catalyst bed layer has higher void ratio.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to catalysts used in the petrochemical field, and in particular to a three-bladed catalyst particle configuration. Background Technology

[0002] In practical applications, solid catalysts must be processed into particles of a specific shape and size to ensure that their hydrodynamic properties meet the requirements of the catalytic process. Supports in supported catalysts act as the framework for the active components and can interact with them, effectively improving the utilization rate of the active components and enhancing the catalyst's thermal stability and resistance to poisoning.

[0003] The morphology of a catalyst significantly influences its strength, specific surface area, pore volume, pressure drop, and mass transfer efficiency, playing a crucial role in petroleum refining. Currently, catalyst morphologies include cylindrical strips, cloverleaf shapes, tetrafoliate shapes, toothed spheres, and bird's nest shapes. In petroleum refining, tetrafoliate catalysts are commonly used, with their cross-sections typically exhibiting a symmetrical tetrafoliate shape. Compared to cylindrical strip catalysts, tetrafoliate catalysts increase specific surface area, improve reaction efficiency, increase porosity between catalyst particles, and effectively alleviate pressure drop issues in the unit.

[0004] In the prior art, for example, Chinese patent CN219424413U discloses a four-bladed catalyst particle configuration, see reference. Figure 1 The catalyst bed consists of four elliptical blades, two horizontally and two vertically arranged. The centers of these four elliptical blades are connected to form a square. The four elliptical blades are evenly spaced and tangent to an external circle. A central circle, concentric with the external circle and located inside the four elliptical blades, is also concentric with the square. Four transition ellipses are positioned tangent to adjacent elliptical blades and the central circle. A smooth curve formed by the outer arcs of the four elliptical blades and the inner arcs of the four transition ellipses defines the cross-sectional profile of the catalyst particles. While this scheme achieves a low particle packing density and a high porosity in the catalyst bed, enhancing the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities and optimizing material distribution, it faces challenges due to the increasing difficulty of crude oil extraction and the significant depletion of conventional crude oil resources. Low-quality crude oil is characterized by its diverse types, processing difficulties, and increasing proportion. Metal and coke deposits are more likely to clog catalyst pores, reducing apparent activity and causing bed blockage. Therefore, the catalyst requires higher porosity and a higher capacity for impurity removal / disposal.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more optimized three-bladed catalyst particle configuration compared to the existing technologies mentioned above. This configuration would allow for more open particle grooves while meeting catalyst strength requirements, thereby further reducing particle packing density, increasing the porosity between catalyst particles, and enhancing the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities. This would effectively alleviate the pressure drop problem in the device.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of this utility model and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-bladed catalyst particle configuration that, while meeting the catalyst strength requirements, allows for more open particle grooves, lower particle packing density, and higher porosity in the catalyst bed. This further enhances the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, optimizes material distribution, significantly alleviates the increase in catalyst bed pressure drop, effectively improves catalyst utilization, and fully leverages catalyst activity.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a three-blade-shaped catalyst particle configuration, comprising at least: blade circles for forming three spaced-apart outer arcs; a central circle concentric with the blade circles; six blade corner circles arranged in pairs, each tangent to the blade circle; and six transition ellipses arranged in pairs, each pair corresponding to each pair of blade corner circles; the two transition ellipses in each pair intersecting to form a heart shape; each transition ellipse tangent to its corresponding blade corner circle and also tangent to the central circle; a smooth curve composed of the three outer arcs of the blades, the six outer arcs of the blade corner circles, and the inner arcs of the six transition ellipses forms the cross-sectional outline of the catalyst particle; the three blades formed in the cross-section are "axe-blade" shaped, and the three inter-blade grooves formed in the cross-section are "Ω" shaped.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, let the radius of the blade circle be R; the radius of the center circle be r1; the radius of the blade corner circle be r2; the length of the major axis of the transition ellipse be D, and the length of the minor axis be d. Wherein, R can be from 0.7mm to 3.0mm. r1 can be 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of R. D can be 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of R. D can be 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of D. The length of d is preferably greater than the length of r2 and less than the length of r1. The length of D is preferably 0.2mm to 1.5mm. The length of d is preferably 0.1mm to 1.0mm.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1) This utility model is based on Figure 1 The improvements shown are based on the existing configuration to address the characteristics of low-quality crude oil, which is characterized by its diverse types, difficulty in processing, and increasingly large proportion.

[0012] 2) This utility model is composed of three outer arcs of blades, six outer arcs of blade corner circles, and six inner arcs of transition ellipses that are tangentially connected. This makes the opening degree of the inter-blade grooves relatively larger. While ensuring particle strength, it can effectively solve the problem of catalyst pore blockage. It can also make the catalyst have a smaller particle packing density and the catalyst bed have a higher porosity. This can enhance the filtering and storage capacity of mechanical impurities, optimize the material distribution, greatly alleviate the increase of catalyst bed pressure drop, effectively improve the catalyst utilization rate, and give full play to the activity of the catalyst.

[0013] 3) The three blades in the "axe blade" shape of this utility model are centrally symmetrically arranged, so the outer surface of the overall configuration of the particle cross-section is curved, which makes the particle most stable and can maximize the overall strength of the particle; through the alternating arrangement of the three "Ω" shaped inter-blade grooves and the three "axe blade" shaped blades, the specific surface area of ​​the catalyst particles can be effectively increased while ensuring the overall strength of the catalyst particles, thereby further improving the utilization rate of the catalyst and giving full play to the activity of the catalyst.

[0014] 4) The three blades in the "axe blade" shape of this utility model are spaced apart, that is, the adjacent blades are not tangent to each other and are smoothly connected by the "Ω" shaped inter-blade groove. This can ensure that the diameter of the central circle is not too small and obtain a relatively open state of the inter-blade groove.

[0015] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, technical features and advantages of this utility model easier to understand, one or more preferred embodiments are listed below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the catalyst particle configuration in the existing technology.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the three-bladed catalyst particles of this utility model.

[0018] Explanation of main figure reference numerals ( Figure 2 ):

[0019] 1- Leaf circle; 2A- First leaf angle circle, 2B- Second leaf angle circle, 2C- Third leaf angle circle, 2D- Fourth leaf angle circle, 2E- Fifth leaf angle circle, 2F- Sixth leaf angle circle; 3A- First transition ellipse, 3B- Second transition ellipse, 3C- Third transition ellipse, 3D- Fourth transition ellipse, 3E- Fifth transition ellipse, 3F- Sixth transition ellipse; 4- Center circle. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0021] Unless otherwise expressly stated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" or its variations such as "including" or "comprises" shall be understood to include the stated elements or components without excluding other elements or other components.

[0022] In this document, for ease of description, spatial relative terms such as “below,” “under,” “down,” “above,” “above,” “upper,” etc., are used to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of an object in use or operation, in addition to those depicted in the figures. For example, if an object in the figure is flipped, an element described as “below” or “under” another element or feature would be oriented “above” that element or feature. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both the downward and upward orientations. An object may also have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0023] In this document, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish two different elements or parts, and are not used to define specific positions or relative relationships. In other words, in some embodiments, the terms "first," "second," etc., can also be used interchangeably.

[0024] First, it should be noted that this utility model is... Figure 1 The improvement based on the existing configuration shows that the inter-blade grooves of the three-blade wheel-shaped catalyst particles are more open, in order to cope with the characteristics of the current low-quality crude oil, which is characterized by many types, difficult processing and an increasing proportion. It also solves the problem that metal and coke deposition is more likely to cause catalyst pore blockage, apparent activity reduction and bed blockage. Therefore, while ensuring strength, the catalyst needs to have higher porosity and higher ability to remove / dispose of impurities.

[0025] like Figure 2As shown, this utility model provides a three-bladed catalyst particle configuration, including at least a blade circle, a center circle, a blade corner circle, and a transition ellipse. The blade circle 1 is used to form three spaced-apart outer arcs of the blades (i.e.,... Figure 2 The three solid lines on the blade circle 1 represent the arcs. The center circle 4 is concentric with the blade circle 1. There are six blade angle circles, arranged in pairs, i.e., according to... Figure 2 The leaf angle circles, arranged clockwise, are: first leaf angle circle 2A, second leaf angle circle 2B, third leaf angle circle 2C, fourth leaf angle circle 2D, fifth leaf angle circle 2E, and sixth leaf angle circle 2F. Each leaf angle circle is tangent to the inner side of leaf angle circle 1. There are six transition ellipses, arranged in pairs, i.e., according to... Figure 2 The transition ellipses, arranged clockwise, are: 3A (first transition ellipse), 3B (second transition ellipse), 3C (third transition ellipse), 3D (fourth transition ellipse), 3E (fifth transition ellipse), and 3F (sixth transition ellipse). Each group of transition ellipses corresponds to a leaf corner circle, and each transition ellipse is tangent to its corresponding leaf corner circle and also tangent to the central circle 4. The two transition ellipses in each group intersect to form a heart shape. (Reference) Figure 2 For example, the first transition ellipse 3A and the second transition ellipse 3B form a pair of transition ellipses (intersecting in a heart shape), corresponding to the first blade corner circle 2A and the second blade corner circle 2B forming a pair of blade corner circles. Specifically, one end of the first transition ellipse 3A is tangent to the first blade corner circle 2A, and the other end is tangent to the central circle 4; one end of the second transition ellipse 3B is tangent to the second blade corner circle 2B, and the other end is tangent to the central circle 4. The arrangement of the other two pairs of transition ellipses and blade corner circles is the same and will not be described further here. Thus, the configuration of the three-bladed catalyst particle of this invention is complete, consisting of the outer arcs of the three blades, the outer arcs of the six blade corner circles, and the inner arcs of the six transition ellipses (i.e.,...). Figure 2 The smooth curve formed by the solid lines in the image creates the cross-sectional outline of the catalyst particles. The three blades formed in the cross-section are "axe-blade" shaped, and the three inter-blade grooves are "Ω" shaped. It should be noted that the "outer arc of the blade angle circle" and the "inner arc of the transition ellipse" in this invention are defined as "inner" and "outer" (i.e.,...) with the axis of the axe-blade-shaped blade as a reference. Figure 2 (The corresponding solid-line circular arc and solid-line elliptical arc).

[0026] Catalyst particles with this type of cross-sectional profile (particles consisting of an internal solid support and surface active components) have a centrally symmetrical configuration. The configuration consists of three outer arcs of the blades, six outer arcs of the blade corner circles, and six inner arcs of transitional ellipses that are tangentially connected. This allows for a relatively larger opening of the inter-blade grooves, effectively solving the problem of catalyst pore blockage while ensuring particle strength. It also results in a lower particle packing density and a higher porosity in the catalyst bed, enhancing the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, optimizing material flow distribution, significantly mitigating the increase in catalyst bed pressure drop, effectively improving catalyst utilization, and fully maximizing catalyst activity.

[0027] Further as Figure 2 As shown, because the three "axe-blade" shaped blades are centrally symmetrically arranged, the overall configuration of the particle cross-section is... Figure 2 The central axis has a curved outer surface, which maximizes particle stability and ensures the overall strength of the particles to the greatest extent. The alternating arrangement of three "Ω"-shaped inter-blade grooves and three "axe-blade" shaped blades effectively increases the specific surface area of ​​the catalyst particles while maintaining their overall strength, thereby further improving catalyst utilization and maximizing their activity.

[0028] Further as Figure 2 As shown, in the particle cross-sectional configuration design, this invention sets the radius of blade circle 1 to R; the radius of center circle 4 to r1; the radius of each blade corner circle to r2; and the major axis length of each transition ellipse to D and the minor axis length to d. Further, preferably but not limitingly, the radius R of blade circle 1 can be from 0.7 mm to 3.0 mm. The radius r1 of center circle 4 is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of R. The major axis length D of the transition ellipse is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of R, and the minor axis length d of the transition ellipse is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of D. The length of the minor axis length d of the transition ellipse is greater than the length of r2 and less than the length of r1. Specifically, the major axis length D of the transition ellipse can be from 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm, and the minor axis length d of the transition ellipse can be from 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm. Experiments and calculations show that this configuration design can balance the overall strength and specific surface area of ​​the catalyst particles.

[0029] This invention features three axe-blade-shaped blades spaced apart, meaning adjacent blades are not tangent and are smoothly connected via Ω-shaped inter-blade grooves. This ensures the central circle diameter is not too small while maintaining a relatively open inner arc of the blades (i.e., the inter-blade grooves). An excessively small central circle results in a smaller central portion of the catalyst support, leading to poor overall catalyst stability. The relatively open inter-blade grooves create smooth, constricted particle grooves, solving problems in existing technologies such as high particle density, low filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, uneven feedstock distribution leading to coking, and increased catalyst bed pressure drop. This not only effectively improves catalyst utilization but also fully leverages catalyst activity.

[0030] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical applications, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as well as various different choices and variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the foregoing exemplary embodiments should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-bladed, wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration, characterized in that, include: The blade circle is used to form three spaced-apart outer arcs on the blade. The central circle is concentric with the blade circle; There are six leaf horn circles, which are arranged in pairs, and each leaf horn circle is tangent to the leaf blade circle. There are six transition ellipses, which are grouped in pairs. Each group of transition ellipses corresponds to each group of leaf corner circles. The two transition ellipses in each group intersect to form a heart shape. Each transition ellipse is tangent to the corresponding leaf corner circle and to the central circle. The smooth curve formed by the three outer arcs of the blades, the six outer arcs of the blade corner circles, and the six inner arcs of the transition ellipses forms the cross-sectional outline of the catalyst particle; the three blades formed in the cross-section are "axe-blade" shaped, and the three inter-blade grooves formed in the cross-section are "Ω" shaped.

2. The three-bladed catalyst particle configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius of the blade circle is R; the radius of the center circle is r1; the radius of the blade corner circle is r2; the major axis of the transition ellipse is D, and the minor axis is d.

3. The three-bladed catalyst particle configuration according to claim 2, characterized in that, The R is 0.7 mm to 3.0 mm.

4. The three-bladed catalyst particle configuration according to claim 3, characterized in that, The r1 is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of R.

5. The three-bladed catalyst particle configuration according to claim 3, characterized in that, The D is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of R.

6. The three-bladed catalyst particle configuration according to claim 5, characterized in that, The d is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of D.

7. The three-bladed catalyst particle configuration according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length of d is greater than the length of r2 and less than the length of r1.

8. The three-bladed catalyst particle configuration according to claim 5, characterized in that, The length of D is 0.2mm to 1.5mm.

9. The three-bladed catalyst particle configuration according to claim 6, characterized in that, The length of d is 0.1mm to 1.0mm.

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