Four-impeller-shaped catalyst particle configuration

Abstract

The utility model discloses a four-impeller-shaped catalyst particle configuration, which at least comprises a blade circle, a plurality of blades, a plurality of blades and a plurality of blades, a center circle concentric with the blade circle; the number of the blade angle circles is eight, every two blade angle circles form a group, and each blade angle circle is tangent to the blade circle; the number of the transition ellipses is eight, every two transition ellipses form a group, each group of transition ellipses comprises a transition inner ellipse and a transition outer ellipse which are the same in size and are transversely arranged, the transition inner ellipses of each group are tangent to the center circle, and the transition outer ellipses of each group are tangent to the blade circle and are respectively tangent to the two blade corner circles of the same group; a smooth curve formed by four blade outer arc lines, eight blade angle circle outer arc lines, eight long axis end point connecting lines of two transition ellipses in the same group and four transition inner ellipse inner arc lines forms a cross section contour line of the catalyst particle; the four blades formed in the cross section are in an axe blade shape, and the three inter-blade grooves formed in the cross section are in an omega shape.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to catalysts used in the petrochemical field, and in particular to a four-bladed catalyst particle configuration. Background Technology

[0002] In practical applications, solid catalysts must be processed into particles of a specific shape and size to ensure that their hydrodynamic properties meet the requirements of the catalytic process. Supports in supported catalysts act as the framework for the active components and can interact with them, effectively improving the utilization rate of the active components and enhancing the catalyst's thermal stability and resistance to poisoning.

[0003] The morphology of a catalyst significantly influences its strength, specific surface area, pore volume, pressure drop, and mass transfer efficiency, playing a crucial role in petroleum refining. Currently, catalyst morphologies include cylindrical strips, cloverleaf shapes, tetrafoliate shapes, toothed spheres, and bird's nest shapes. In petroleum refining, tetrafoliate catalysts are commonly used, with their cross-sections typically exhibiting a symmetrical tetrafoliate shape. Compared to cylindrical strip catalysts, tetrafoliate catalysts increase specific surface area, improve reaction efficiency, increase porosity between catalyst particles, and effectively alleviate pressure drop issues in the unit.

[0004] In the prior art, for example, Chinese patent CN219424413U discloses a four-bladed catalyst particle configuration, see reference. Figure 1 The catalyst bed consists of four elliptical blades, two horizontally and two vertically arranged. The centers of these four elliptical blades are connected to form a square. The four elliptical blades are evenly spaced and tangent to an external circle. A central circle, concentric with the external circle and located inside the four elliptical blades, is also concentric with the square. Four transition ellipses are positioned tangent to adjacent elliptical blades and the central circle. A smooth curve formed by the outer arcs of the four elliptical blades and the inner arcs of the four transition ellipses defines the cross-sectional profile of the catalyst particles. While this scheme achieves a low particle packing density and a high porosity in the catalyst bed, enhancing the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities and optimizing material distribution, it faces challenges due to the increasing difficulty of crude oil extraction and the significant depletion of conventional crude oil resources. Low-quality crude oil is characterized by its diverse types, processing difficulties, and increasing proportion. Metal and coke deposits are more likely to clog catalyst pores, reducing apparent activity and causing bed blockage. Therefore, the catalyst requires higher porosity and a higher capacity for impurity removal / disposal.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more optimized four-bladed catalyst particle configuration compared to the existing technology, which, while meeting the catalyst strength requirements, allows for more open particle grooves, further reduces particle packing density, further increases the porosity between catalyst particles, and further enhances the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, thereby effectively alleviating the pressure drop problem of the device.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of this utility model and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a four-bladed catalyst particle configuration that, while meeting the catalyst strength requirements, allows for more open particle grooves, lower particle packing density, and higher porosity in the catalyst bed. This further enhances the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, optimizes material flow distribution, significantly alleviates the increase in catalyst bed pressure drop, effectively improves catalyst utilization, and fully leverages catalyst activity.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a four-blade-shaped catalyst particle configuration, comprising at least: blade circles for forming four spaced-apart outer arcs; a central circle concentric with the blade circles; eight blade corner circles arranged in pairs, each blade corner circle tangent to the blade circle; and eight transition ellipses arranged in pairs, each pair including an inner transition ellipse and an outer transition ellipse of the same size arranged laterally. The inner transition ellipse of each pair is tangent to the central circle, and the outer transition ellipse of each pair is tangent to the blade circles and to the two blade corner circles of the same pair. A smooth curve composed of the four outer arcs of the blades, the outer arcs of the eight blade corner circles, the lines connecting the endpoints of the major axes of the eight pairs of transition ellipses, and the inner arcs of the four inner transition ellipses forms the cross-sectional outline of the catalyst particle. The four blades formed in the cross-section are "axe-blade" shaped, and the three inter-blade grooves formed in the cross-section are "Ω" shaped.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the radius of the blade circle is R; the radius of the center circle is r1; the radius of the blade corner circle is r2; the major axis length of the inner transition ellipse and the outer transition ellipse is D, and the minor axis length is d; the line connecting the endpoints of the major axis on the same side of the inner transition ellipse and the outer transition ellipse is A.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, R can be from 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm. r1 can be 2 / 5 to 1 / 2 of R; D can be 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of R; A can be 1 / 5 to 1 / 4 of R. D can be 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of D. The length of A can be greater than the length of d and less than the length of D. The length of r2 can be ≤ 1 / 2d.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the length of D can be 0.2mm to 2.0mm. The length of d can be 0.1mm to 1.0mm. The length of A can be 0.2mm to 1.5mm.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1) This utility model is based on Figure 1 The improvements shown are based on the existing configuration to address the characteristics of low-quality crude oil, which is characterized by its diverse types, difficulty in processing, and increasingly large proportion.

[0014] 2) This utility model is composed of four outer arc lines of blades, eight outer arc lines of blade corner circles, eight lines connecting the endpoints of the major axes of two transition ellipses in the same group, and four inner arc lines of transition inner ellipses that are tangentially connected. This makes the opening degree of the inter-blade grooves relatively larger. Under the premise of ensuring particle strength, it can effectively solve the problem of catalyst pore blockage. It can also make the catalyst have a smaller particle packing density and the catalyst bed have a higher porosity. It can enhance the filtering and storage capacity of mechanical impurities, optimize the material distribution, greatly alleviate the rise of catalyst bed pressure drop, effectively improve the catalyst utilization rate, and give full play to the activity of the catalyst.

[0015] 3) The four blades in the "axe blade" shape of this utility model are centrally symmetrically arranged, so the outer surface of the overall configuration of the particle cross-section is curved, which makes the particle most stable and can maximize the overall strength of the particle; through the alternating arrangement of the four "Ω" shaped inter-blade grooves and the four "axe blade" shaped blades, the specific surface area of ​​the catalyst particles can be effectively increased while ensuring the overall strength of the catalyst particles, thereby further improving the utilization rate of the catalyst and giving full play to the activity of the catalyst.

[0016] 4) The four blades of this utility model are spaced apart, that is, the adjacent blades are not tangent to each other and are smoothly connected by the "Ω"-shaped inter-blade groove. This ensures that the diameter of the central circle is not too small and that the inter-blade groove is relatively open.

[0017] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, technical features and advantages of this utility model easier to understand, one or more preferred embodiments are listed below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the catalyst particle configuration in the existing technology.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration of this utility model.

[0020] Explanation of main figure reference numerals ( Figure 2 ):

[0021] 1- Leaf blade circle; 2A- First leaf angle circle, 2B- Second leaf angle circle, 2C- Third leaf angle circle, 2D- Fourth leaf angle circle, 2E- Fifth leaf angle circle, 2F- Sixth leaf angle circle, 2G- Seventh leaf angle circle, 2H- Eighth leaf angle circle; 3A- First transition inner ellipse, 3B- Second transition inner ellipse, 3C- Third transition inner ellipse, 3D- Fourth transition inner ellipse; 4A- First transition outer ellipse, 4B- Second transition outer ellipse, 4C- Third transition outer ellipse, 4D- Fourth transition outer ellipse; 5- Center circle. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0023] Unless otherwise expressly stated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" or its variations such as "including" or "comprises" shall be understood to include the stated elements or components without excluding other elements or other components.

[0024] In this document, for ease of description, spatial relative terms such as “below,” “under,” “down,” “above,” “above,” “upper,” etc., are used to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of an object in use or operation, in addition to those depicted in the figures. For example, if an object in the figure is flipped, an element described as “below” or “under” another element or feature would be oriented “above” that element or feature. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both the downward and upward orientations. An object may also have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0025] In this document, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish two different elements or parts, and are not used to define specific positions or relative relationships. In other words, in some embodiments, the terms "first," "second," etc., can also be used interchangeably.

[0026] First, it should be noted that this utility model is... Figure 1 The improvement based on the existing configuration shows that the inter-blade grooves of the four-blade wheel-shaped catalyst particles are more open, in order to cope with the characteristics of the current low-quality crude oil, which is characterized by many types, difficult processing and an increasing proportion. It also solves the problem that metal and coke deposition is more likely to cause catalyst pore blockage, apparent activity reduction and bed blockage. Therefore, while ensuring strength, the catalyst needs to have higher porosity and higher ability to remove / dispose of impurities.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, this utility model provides a four-blade wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration, which includes at least blade circles, a central circle, blade corner circles, and transition ellipses. The blade circles 1 are used to form four spaced-apart outer arcs of the blades (i.e.,... Figure 2 The four solid lines on the blade circle 1 represent arcs. The center circle 5 is concentric with the blade circle 1. There are eight blade angle circles, arranged in pairs, i.e., according to... Figure 2The transition ellipses are arranged clockwise as follows: first leaf corner circle 2A, second leaf corner circle 2B, third leaf corner circle 2C, fourth leaf corner circle 2D, fifth leaf corner circle 2E, sixth leaf corner circle 2F, seventh leaf corner circle 2G, and eighth leaf corner circle 2H. Each leaf corner circle is tangent to the inner side of the blade circle 1. There are eight transition ellipses, arranged in pairs. Each group of transition ellipses includes one inner transition ellipse and one outer transition ellipse of the same size, both horizontally positioned. That is, the first group of transition ellipses includes the first inner transition ellipse 3A and the first outer transition ellipse 4A, both horizontally positioned (here, "horizontal" refers to the radial direction relative to the blade circle 1), and of the same size, with the center line passing through the center of the central circle 5. Similarly, the second group of transition ellipses includes the second inner transition ellipse 3B and the second outer transition ellipse 4B; the third group of transition ellipses includes the third inner transition ellipse 3C and the third outer transition ellipse 4C; and the fourth group of transition ellipses includes the fourth inner transition ellipse 3D and the fourth outer transition ellipse 4D. The inner transition ellipse of each group is tangent to the central circle 5. That is, the first inner transition ellipse 3A, the second inner transition ellipse 3B, the third inner transition ellipse 3C, and the fourth inner transition ellipse 3D are evenly spaced along the circumference of the central circle and are tangent to the central circle 5 respectively. The outer transition ellipse of each group is tangent to the blade circle 1 and to the two blade corner circles of the same group respectively. For example, the first outer transition ellipse 4A in the first group of transition ellipses is tangent to the outer tangent circle 1 and is simultaneously tangent to the first blade corner circle 2A and the second blade corner circle 2B respectively. The transition ellipses of other groups are arranged in the same way and will not be described again here. At this point, the configuration of the four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle of this utility model is completed, with the outer arc lines of the four blades and the outer arc lines of the eight blade corner circles (here, the "outer arc lines of the blade corner circles" are defined as "inner" and "outer" with the axis of the axe-shaped blade as a reference, that is, Figure 2 The corresponding solid arcs), eight lines connecting the endpoints of the major axes of two transition ellipses in the same group, and the inner arcs of four transition inner ellipses (here, the "inner arcs of the transition inner ellipses" are defined as "inner" and "outer" with the center of circle 5 as the reference point, that is... Figure 2 The smooth curve composed of the corresponding solid elliptical arc forms the cross-sectional outline of the catalyst particle; the four blades formed in the cross-section are "axe-blade" shaped, and the three inter-blade grooves formed in the cross-section are "Ω" shaped.

[0028] Catalyst particles with this type of cross-sectional profile (the particles consist of an internal solid support and an active component on the surface) have a centrally symmetrical configuration. This configuration comprises four outer arcs of the blades, eight outer arcs of the blade corner circles, eight lines connecting the endpoints of the major axes of two adjacent transition ellipses, and four inner arcs of the inner transition ellipses. This configuration allows for a relatively larger opening of the inter-blade grooves. While ensuring particle strength, it effectively solves the problem of catalyst pore blockage and also results in a lower particle packing density and a higher porosity in the catalyst bed. This enhances the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, optimizes material distribution, significantly alleviates the increase in catalyst bed pressure drop, effectively improves catalyst utilization, and fully utilizes the catalyst's activity.

[0029] Further as Figure 2 As shown, because the four "axe-blade" shaped blades are centrally symmetrically arranged, the overall configuration of the particle cross-section is... Figure 2 The central axis has a curved outer surface, which maximizes particle stability and ensures the overall strength of the particles to the greatest extent. The alternating arrangement of four "Ω"-shaped inter-blade grooves and four "axe-blade" shaped blades effectively increases the specific surface area of ​​the catalyst particles while maintaining their overall strength, thereby further improving catalyst utilization and maximizing their activity.

[0030] Further as Figure 2 As shown, in the particle cross-sectional configuration design, this invention sets the radius of blade circle 1 to R; the radius of center circle 5 to r1; the radius of each blade corner circle to r2; the major axis length of each transition inner ellipse and transition outer ellipse to D, and the minor axis length to d; the line connecting the endpoints of the major axes on the same side of the transition inner ellipse and transition outer ellipse in the same group to A. Further, preferably but not limitingly, the radius R of blade circle 1 can be from 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm. The radius r1 of center circle 5 is 2 / 5 to 1 / 2 of R; D is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of R; A is 1 / 5 to 1 / 4 of R. Additionally, further preferably but not limitingly, d is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of D; the length A of the line connecting the endpoints of the major axes on the same side of the transition inner ellipse and transition outer ellipse in the same group is greater than the length of d and less than the length of D; the length of the radius r2 of blade corner circle is ≤ 1 / 2d. Specifically, the length of D can be 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm; the length of d can be 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm; and the length of A can be 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm. Experiments and calculations show that this configuration design can balance the overall strength and specific surface area of ​​the catalyst particles.

[0031] This invention features four axe-blade-shaped blades spaced apart, meaning adjacent blades are not tangent and are smoothly connected via Ω-shaped inter-blade grooves. This ensures the central circle diameter is not too small while maintaining a relatively open inner arc of the blades (i.e., the inter-blade grooves). An excessively small central circle results in a smaller central portion of the catalyst support, leading to poor overall catalyst stability. The relatively open inter-blade grooves create smooth, constricted particle grooves, solving problems in existing technologies such as high particle density, low filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, uneven feedstock distribution leading to coking, and increased catalyst bed pressure drop. This not only effectively improves catalyst utilization but also fully leverages catalyst activity.

[0032] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical applications, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as well as various different choices and variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the foregoing exemplary embodiments should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration, characterized in that, include: The blade circle is used to form four spaced-apart outer arcs on the blade. The central circle is concentric with the blade circle; There are eight leaf horn circles, which are arranged in pairs, and each leaf horn circle is tangent to the leaf blade circle. There are eight transition ellipses, which are grouped in pairs. Each group of transition ellipses includes an inner transition ellipse and an outer transition ellipse of the same size, both of which are horizontally arranged. The inner transition ellipse of each group is tangent to the central circle, and the outer transition ellipse of each group is tangent to the blade circle and tangent to the two blade corner circles of the same group respectively. The smooth curve formed by the four outer arcs of the blades, the eight outer arcs of the blade corner circles, the eight lines connecting the endpoints of the major axes of the two transition ellipses in the same group, and the inner arcs of the four inner arcs of the transition ellipses forms the cross-sectional outline of the catalyst particle; the four blades formed in the cross-section are "axe-blade" shaped, and the three inter-blade grooves formed in the cross-section are "Ω" shaped.

2. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius of the blade circle is R; the radius of the center circle is r1; the radius of the blade corner circle is r2; the major axis length of the inner transition ellipse and the outer transition ellipse is D, and the minor axis length is d; the line connecting the endpoints of the major axis on the same side of the inner transition ellipse and the outer transition ellipse is A.

3. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 2, characterized in that, The R is 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm.

4. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 3, characterized in that, The r1 is 2 / 5 to 1 / 2 of R; the D is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of R; and the A is 1 / 5 to 1 / 4 of R.

5. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 4, characterized in that, The d is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of D.

6. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 5, characterized in that, The length of A is greater than the length of d and less than the length of D.

7. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 5, characterized in that, The length of r2 is ≤ 1 / 2d.

8. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 4, characterized in that, The length of D is 0.2mm to 2.0mm.

9. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 5, characterized in that, The length of d is 0.1mm to 1.0mm.

10. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 4, characterized in that, The length of A is 0.2mm to 1.5mm.

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