Four-impeller-shaped catalyst particle configuration

Abstract

The utility model discloses a four-impeller-shaped catalyst particle configuration which at least comprises eight blade ellipses, four groups of blade ellipses are formed by intersecting every two blade ellipses, and the four groups of blade ellipses are distributed in a central symmetry manner; the four groups of blade ellipses are uniformly arranged at intervals, and each group is tangent to a circumscribed circle; the central circle is concentric with the circumscribed circle and is arranged on the inner sides of the ellipses of the four groups of blades; the four transition ellipses are arranged at the positions, tangent to the adjacent blade ellipses and the center circle, of the blade ellipses correspondingly. And a smooth curve formed by the outer arc lines of the eight blade ellipses and the inner arc lines of the four transition ellipses forms a cross section contour line of the catalyst particle. According to the utility model, the balance among the technical effects of ensuring the catalyst strength, reducing the stacking density of particles and increasing the void ratio of the catalyst particles can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to catalysts used in the petrochemical field, and in particular to a four-bladed catalyst particle configuration. Background Technology

[0002] In practical applications, solid catalysts must be processed into particles of a specific shape and size to ensure that their hydrodynamic properties meet the requirements of the catalytic process. Supports in supported catalysts act as the framework for the active components and can interact with them, effectively improving the utilization rate of the active components and enhancing the catalyst's thermal stability and resistance to poisoning.

[0003] The morphology of a catalyst significantly influences its strength, specific surface area, pore volume, pressure drop, and mass transfer efficiency, playing a crucial role in petroleum refining. Currently, catalyst morphologies include cylindrical strips, cloverleaf shapes, tetrafoliate shapes, toothed spheres, and bird's nest shapes. In petroleum refining, tetrafoliate catalysts are commonly used, with their cross-sections typically exhibiting a symmetrical tetrafoliate shape. Compared to cylindrical strip catalysts, tetrafoliate catalysts increase specific surface area, improve reaction efficiency, increase porosity between catalyst particles, and effectively alleviate pressure drop issues in the unit.

[0004] In the prior art, for example, Chinese patent CN219424413U discloses a four-bladed catalyst particle configuration, see reference. Figure 1 The catalyst particles consist of: four blade ellipses, two horizontally and two vertically; the centers of the four blade ellipses are connected to form a square; the four blade ellipses are evenly spaced and each is tangent to an external circle; a central circle is concentric with the external circle and is located inside the four blade ellipses and concentric with the square; four transition ellipses are respectively located at positions tangent to the adjacent blade ellipses and the central circle; and a smooth curve formed by the outer arcs of the four blade ellipses and the inner arcs of the four transition ellipses forms the cross-sectional profile of the catalyst particles. While this scheme achieves a low particle packing density and a high porosity in the catalyst bed while meeting strength requirements, thus enhancing the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities and optimizing material flow distribution, it faces challenges due to the increasing difficulty of crude oil extraction and the significant depletion of conventional crude oil resources. Inferior crude oil is characterized by its diverse types, processing difficulties, and increasingly larger proportion. Metal and coke deposits are more likely to cause catalyst pore blockage, leading to a decrease in apparent activity and consequently, bed blockage. Furthermore, because the diameter of the transition ellipse in this scheme is smaller than that of the blade ellipse, the outer contour of the configuration exhibits a more pronounced narrowing. This narrowing is prone to blockage, reducing the overall specific surface area of ​​the catalyst and causing stress concentration, which negatively impacts the overall strength of the catalyst.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more optimized four-bladed catalyst particle configuration compared to the existing technologies mentioned above, so as to achieve a balance between ensuring catalyst strength and reducing particle packing density and increasing catalyst particle porosity, thereby enhancing the filtering and storage capacity of mechanical impurities while ensuring strength, and thus effectively alleviating the pressure drop problem of the device.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of this utility model and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a four-bladed catalyst particle configuration that achieves a balance between ensuring catalyst strength and reducing particle packing density while increasing catalyst particle porosity. Under the premise of ensuring strength, it enhances the filtering and storage capacity of mechanical impurities, optimizes material distribution, alleviates the increase in catalyst bed pressure drop, effectively improves catalyst utilization, and fully utilizes catalyst activity.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a four-bladed catalyst particle configuration, comprising at least: eight blade ellipses, which intersect in pairs to form four groups, the four groups of blade ellipses being centrally symmetrically distributed; the four groups of blade ellipses being evenly spaced and each group being tangent to an external circle; a central circle, which is concentric with the external circle and is located inside the four groups of blade ellipses; four transition ellipses, which are respectively located at positions tangent to adjacent blade ellipses and the central circle; and a smooth curve formed by the outer arcs of the eight blade ellipses and the inner arcs of the four transition ellipses forming the cross-sectional contour of the catalyst particle.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, let the radius of the circumscribed circle be R; the radius of the central circle be r; the length of the major axis of the transition ellipse be A, the length of the minor axis be B; and the length of the major axis of the blade ellipse be d.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, R can be from 0.5mm to 5.0mm. r can be from 1 / 4 to 3 / 4 of R. A can be: 2r≤A≤2 / 3R. B can be: r≤B≤4 / 3r. The length of d can be between the lengths of A and B.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the length of A can be 0.3mm to 3.0mm. The length of d can be 0.2mm to 2.0mm. The included angle between the two intersecting elliptical blades can be 60° < θ < 90°.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1) This utility model is based on Figure 1 The improvements shown are based on the existing configuration to address the characteristics of low-quality crude oil, which is characterized by its diverse types, difficulty in processing, and increasingly large proportion.

[0014] 2) This utility model is composed of a configuration consisting of eight blade ellipses and four transition ellipses connected together, relative to... Figure 1 The existing technical configuration differs from the conventional one in its overall design (this invention uses two smaller elliptical blades forming a group, spaced apart from a larger transition ellipse), therefore, compared to... Figure 1 The existing configuration does not have a significant "narrowing," effectively avoiding catalyst breakage caused by stress concentration and improving catalyst strength. The smaller blade ellipse connecting to the larger transition ellipse creates a more open connection area, thus preserving the overall specific surface area of ​​the catalyst. This results in a lower particle packing density and a higher porosity in the catalyst bed, enhancing the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities and optimizing material distribution. Compared to... Figure 1 The existing technical configuration not only improves the overall strength of the catalyst, but also alleviates the increase in catalyst bed pressure drop, effectively improves the utilization rate of the catalyst, and can give full play to the activity of the catalyst.

[0015] 3) This utility model uses eight elliptical blades arranged in pairs and four groups in a centrally symmetrical manner. The overall configuration of the particle cross-section has the same dimensions in both the vertical and horizontal directions, which makes the particle most stable and can maximize the overall strength of the particle.

[0016] 4) In this invention, each group of adjacent blade ellipses is spaced apart, meaning that the adjacent blade ellipses are not tangent to each other and are smoothly connected by a transition ellipse. This ensures that the diameter of the central circle is not too small, and also provides a relatively open state at the inner arc of the transition ellipse. The relatively open inner arc of the transition ellipse forms the smooth transition particle grooves of the catalyst, solving the problems of high particle packing density, low filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, uneven distribution of raw material flow leading to easy coking, and increased pressure drop in the catalyst bed.

[0017] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, technical features and advantages of this utility model easier to understand, one or more preferred embodiments are listed below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the configuration of four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particles in the existing technology.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration of this utility model.

[0020] Explanation of main figure reference numerals ( Figure 2 ):

[0021] 1-Circumscribed circle; 2A-First blade ellipse, 2B-Second blade ellipse, 2C-Third blade ellipse, 2D-Fourth blade ellipse, 2E-Fifth blade ellipse, 2F-Sixth blade ellipse, 2G-Seventh blade ellipse, 2H-Eighth blade ellipse; 3A-First transition ellipse, 3B-Second transition ellipse, 3C-Third transition ellipse, 3D-Fourth transition ellipse; 4-Central circle. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0023] Unless otherwise expressly stated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" or its variations such as "including" or "comprises" shall be understood to include the stated elements or components without excluding other elements or other components.

[0024] In this document, for ease of description, spatial relative terms such as “below,” “under,” “down,” “above,” “above,” “upper,” etc., are used to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of an object in use or operation, in addition to those depicted in the figures. For example, if an object in the figure is flipped, an element described as “below” or “under” another element or feature would be oriented “above” that element or feature. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both the downward and upward orientations. An object may also have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0025] In this document, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish two different elements or parts, and are not used to define specific positions or relative relationships. In other words, in some embodiments, the terms "first," "second," etc., can also be used interchangeably.

[0026] First, it should be noted that this utility model is... Figure 1The improvement shown is based on the existing configuration to address the characteristics of low-quality crude oil, which is characterized by its variety, difficulty in processing, and increasing proportion. It also aims to solve the problem that metal and coke deposition can easily lead to catalyst pore blockage, decreased apparent activity, and thus bed blockage. Therefore, it is necessary to achieve a balance between ensuring catalyst strength and reducing particle packing density while increasing catalyst particle porosity.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, this utility model provides a four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration, including: elliptical blades, a central circle, and a transitional ellipse. The number of elliptical blades is eight, and they intersect in pairs to form four groups, i.e., according to... Figure 2 The first blade is ellipse 2A, the second blade is ellipse 2B, the third blade is ellipse 2C, the fourth blade is ellipse 2D, the fifth blade is ellipse 2E, the sixth blade is ellipse 2F, the seventh blade is ellipse 2G, and the eighth blade is ellipse 2H, arranged clockwise; the first blade ellipse 2A and the second blade ellipse 2B intersect at one end (that is...). Figure 2 (Middle and upper part), the third blade ellipse 2C and the fourth blade ellipse 2D intersect at one end (that is...) Figure 2 (middle right end), the fifth leaf ellipse 2E and the sixth leaf ellipse 2F intersect at one end (that is...) Figure 2 (Lower middle section), the seventh leaflet ellipse 2G and the eighth leaflet ellipse 2H intersect at one end (that is...) Figure 2 (Middle left end). Further, the four sets of blade ellipses are centrally symmetrically distributed and evenly spaced, each set being tangent to an external circle 1. The central circle 5 is concentric with the external circle 1 and is located inside the aforementioned four sets of blade ellipses. There are four transition ellipses, each located at a position tangent to the adjacent blade ellipse and the central circle, and... Figure 1 Unlike existing technologies, this utility model does not employ... Figure 1 Instead of a configuration where a larger ellipse and a smaller transition ellipse are arranged alternately, a different configuration is adopted. Figure 2 The configuration consists of two smaller blade ellipses forming a group and spaced apart from a larger transition ellipse. Specifically, the first transition ellipse 3A is tangent to the second blade ellipse 2B, the central circle 4, and the third blade ellipse 2C; the second transition ellipse 3B is tangent to the fourth blade ellipse 2D, the central circle 4, and the fifth blade ellipse 2E; the third transition ellipse 3C is tangent to the sixth blade ellipse 2F, the central circle 4, and the seventh blade ellipse 2G; and the fourth transition ellipse 3D is tangent to the eighth blade ellipse 2H, the central circle 4, and the first blade ellipse 2A. Thus, the configuration of the four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle of this invention is complete, with the outer arcs of the eight blade ellipses and the inner arcs of the four transition ellipses (i.e.,...) Figure 2 The smooth curve (composed of the solid lines in the image) forms the cross-sectional profile of the catalyst particles.

[0028] Catalyst particles with this type of cross-sectional profile (the particles consist of an internal solid support and an active component on the surface) have a centrally symmetrical configuration, with a configuration consisting of eight blade ellipses and four transition ellipses connected to each other. Figure 1 The existing technical configuration differs from the general design (this invention uses two smaller elliptical blades forming a group, spaced apart from a larger transition ellipse), compared to... Figure 1 The existing configuration does not have a significant "narrowing," effectively avoiding catalyst breakage caused by stress concentration, thus improving catalyst strength. The smaller blade ellipse connecting to the larger transition ellipse creates a more open connection area, thus preserving the overall specific surface area of ​​the catalyst. This results in a lower particle packing density and a higher porosity in the catalyst bed, enhancing the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities and optimizing material distribution. Figure 1 The existing technical configuration not only improves the overall strength of the catalyst, but also alleviates the increase in catalyst bed pressure drop, effectively improves the utilization rate of the catalyst, and can give full play to the activity of the catalyst.

[0029] Further as Figure 2 As shown, since the eight elliptical blades are arranged in pairs and the four pairs are centrally symmetrical, the overall configuration of the particle cross-section is as follows: Figure 2 With the same dimensions in both the vertical and horizontal directions, the particles exhibit maximum stability, maximizing their overall strength. Relative to... Figure 1 The existing configuration has four larger blade ellipses and four smaller transition ellipses spaced apart, with the transition ellipses positioned laterally relative to the central circle. This invention, however, uses four groups of two smaller blade ellipses (a total of eight) spaced apart, with the transition ellipses positioned vertically relative to the central circle, thus achieving a configuration similar to... Figure 1 With a specific surface area that is basically the same as the existing configuration, the utilization rate of the catalyst can still be guaranteed.

[0030] Further as Figure 2As shown, in the particle cross-sectional configuration design, the radius of the circumscribed circle 1 is R; the radius of the central circle 4 is r; the major axis length of the four transition ellipses is A, and the minor axis length is B; the major axis length of the eight blade ellipses is d. Further, preferably but not limitingly, the radius R of the circumscribed circle 1 can be from 0.5 mm to 5.0 mm, the radius r of the central circle 4 is 1 / 4 to 3 / 4 of the radius R of the circumscribed circle 1, the major axis length of the transition ellipses is 2r≤A≤2 / 3R, the minor axis length of the transition ellipses is r≤B≤4 / 3r, and the major axis length d of the blade ellipses is between the lengths A and B. Specifically, the major axis length A of the transition ellipses can be 0.3 mm to 3.0 mm. The major axis length d of the blade ellipses can be 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm. The included angle between the two blade ellipses in each group is 60°<θ<90°. Experiments and calculations show that this configuration design can effectively improve the overall strength of the catalyst particles while also considering the specific surface area.

[0031] This invention features a spacing between adjacent elliptical blades in each group, meaning that the elliptical blades in each group are not tangent and are smoothly connected via a transition ellipse. This ensures that the diameter of the central circle is not too small while achieving a relatively open state at the inner arc of the transition ellipse. An excessively small central circle results in a small central portion of the catalyst support, leading to poor overall catalyst stability. The more open inner arc of the transition ellipse creates smooth transitional particle grooves in the catalyst, solving problems such as high particle packing density, low filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, uneven feedstock distribution leading to coking, and increased catalyst bed pressure drop. This not only effectively improves catalyst utilization but also fully leverages catalyst activity.

[0032] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical applications, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as well as various different choices and variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the foregoing exemplary embodiments should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration, characterized in that, include: The blades are elliptical, numbering eight in total, and intersecting in pairs to form four groups. The four groups of elliptical blades are centrally symmetrically distributed. The four groups of elliptical blades are evenly spaced, and each group is tangent to an external circle. The central circle is concentric with the circumscribed circle and is located inside the four sets of blade ellipses; There are four transition ellipses, which are respectively set at positions tangent to the adjacent blade ellipse and the central circle; The smooth curve formed by the outer arcs of the eight blade ellipses and the inner arcs of the four transition ellipses forms the cross-sectional profile of the catalyst particles.

2. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius of the circumscribed circle is R; the radius of the central circle is r; the major axis of the transition ellipse is A, the minor axis is B; and the major axis of the blade ellipse is d.

3. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 2, characterized in that, The R is 0.5 mm to 5.0 mm.

4. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 3, characterized in that, The r is 1 / 4 to 3 / 4 of R.

5. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 4, characterized in that, 2r≤A≤2 / 3R.

6. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 5, characterized in that, The r≤B≤4 / 3r.

7. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length of d is between the lengths of A and B.

8. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 5, characterized in that, The length of A is 0.3mm to 3.0mm.

9. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 7, characterized in that, The length of d is 0.2mm to 2.0mm.

10. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the two intersecting elliptical blades in each group is 60° < θ < 90°.

Images