Four-impeller-shaped catalyst particle configuration

Abstract

The utility model discloses a four-impeller-shaped catalyst particle configuration, which at least comprises a blade circle, a plurality of blades, a plurality of blades and a plurality of blades, a center circle concentric with the blade circle; the number of the blade angle circles is eight, every two blade angle circles form a group, and each blade angle circle is tangent to the blade circle; the number of the circumscribed circles is four, each circumscribed circle corresponds to one group of blade angle circles, and the circumscribed circles are tangent to the central circle and are respectively tangent to the two blade angle circles in the same group; the number of the transition ellipses is eight, every two transition ellipses form a group, and the two transition ellipses in each group are the same in size and are vertically arranged; each transition ellipse is tangent to the corresponding blade angle circle of the same group and is tangent to the circumcircle of the same group; a smooth curve formed by four blade outer arcs, outer arcs of eight blade angle circles, eight transition elliptical outer arcs tangent to the corresponding blade angle circles and circumscribed circles respectively and inner arcs of four circumscribed circles forms a cross section contour line of the catalyst particle; the four blades formed in the cross section are in an axe blade shape, and the three inter-blade grooves formed in the cross section are in an omega shape.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to catalysts used in the petrochemical field, and in particular to a four-bladed catalyst particle configuration. Background Technology

[0002] In practical applications, solid catalysts must be processed into particles of a specific shape and size to ensure that their hydrodynamic properties meet the requirements of the catalytic process. Supports in supported catalysts act as the framework for the active components and can interact with them, effectively improving the utilization rate of the active components and enhancing the catalyst's thermal stability and resistance to poisoning.

[0003] The morphology of a catalyst significantly influences its strength, specific surface area, pore volume, pressure drop, and mass transfer efficiency, playing a crucial role in petroleum refining. Currently, catalyst morphologies include cylindrical strips, cloverleaf shapes, tetrafoliate shapes, toothed spheres, and bird's nest shapes. In petroleum refining, tetrafoliate catalysts are commonly used, with their cross-sections typically exhibiting a symmetrical tetrafoliate shape. Compared to cylindrical strip catalysts, tetrafoliate catalysts increase specific surface area, improve reaction efficiency, increase porosity between catalyst particles, and effectively alleviate pressure drop issues in the unit.

[0004] In the prior art, for example, Chinese patent CN219424413U discloses a four-bladed catalyst particle configuration, see reference. Figure 1 The catalyst bed consists of four elliptical blades, two horizontally and two vertically arranged. The centers of these four elliptical blades are connected to form a square. The four elliptical blades are evenly spaced and tangent to an external circle. A central circle, concentric with the external circle and located inside the four elliptical blades, is also concentric with the square. Four transition ellipses are positioned tangent to adjacent elliptical blades and the central circle. A smooth curve formed by the outer arcs of the four elliptical blades and the inner arcs of the four transition ellipses defines the cross-sectional profile of the catalyst particles. While this scheme achieves a low particle packing density and a high porosity in the catalyst bed, enhancing the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities and optimizing material distribution, it faces challenges due to the increasing difficulty of crude oil extraction and the significant depletion of conventional crude oil resources. Low-quality crude oil is characterized by its diverse types, processing difficulties, and increasing proportion. Metal and coke deposits are more likely to clog catalyst pores, reducing apparent activity and causing bed blockage. Therefore, the catalyst requires higher porosity and a higher capacity for impurity removal / disposal.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more optimized four-bladed catalyst particle configuration compared to the existing technology, which, while meeting the catalyst strength requirements, allows for more open particle grooves, further reduces particle packing density, further increases the porosity between catalyst particles, and further enhances the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, thereby effectively alleviating the pressure drop problem of the device.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of this utility model and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a four-bladed catalyst particle configuration that, while meeting the catalyst strength requirements, allows for more open particle grooves, lower particle packing density, and higher porosity in the catalyst bed. This further enhances the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, optimizes material flow distribution, significantly alleviates the increase in catalyst bed pressure drop, effectively improves catalyst utilization, and fully leverages catalyst activity.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a four-blade-shaped catalyst particle configuration, comprising at least: blade circles for forming four spaced-apart outer arcs; a central circle concentric with the blade circles; eight blade corner circles arranged in pairs, each tangent to the blade circle; four circumscribed circles, each corresponding to a group of blade corner circles, tangent to the central circle and to the two blade corner circles in the same group; and eight transition ellipses arranged in pairs, with the two transition ellipses in each group having the same size and being vertically oriented; each transition ellipse being tangent to the corresponding blade corner circle in the same group and to the circumscribed circle in the same group; a smooth curve composed of the four blade outer arcs, the eight blade corner circles, the eight transition ellipse outer arcs tangent to the corresponding blade corner circles and the circumscribed circle, and the four circumscribed circles forming the cross-sectional outline of the catalyst particle; the four blades formed in the cross-section are "axe-blade" shaped, and the three inter-blade grooves formed in the cross-section are "Ω" shaped.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, let the radius of the blade circle be R; the radius of the center circle be r1; the radius of the blade corner circle be r2; the radius of the circumscribed circle be r3; the length of the major axis of the transition ellipse be D, and the length of the minor axis be d.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, R can be from 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm. r1 can be from 2 / 5 to 1 / 2 of R; D can be from 1 / 3 to 2 / 5 of R, and D preferably satisfies r3 < D < 2r3. D can be from 2 / 5 to 2 / 3 of D; d preferably satisfies 1 / 3r3 < d < r3. r3 can be from 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of R. The length of r2 ≤ 1 / 2d.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the length of D can be from 0.3 mm to 2.0 mm. The length of d can be from 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1) The utility model is an improvement based on the Figure 1 shown existing configuration to cope with the characteristics of the current inferior crude oil, such as multiple types, difficult processing, and increasing proportion.

[0014] 2) The utility model is composed of the configuration where the outer arcs of four blades, the outer arcs of eight leaf angle circles, eight transition ellipse outer arcs respectively tangent to the corresponding leaf angle circles and the circumscribed circles, and the inner arcs of four circumscribed circles are tangent and connected. This makes the opening degree of the interleaf grooves relatively larger. On the premise of ensuring the particle strength, it can effectively solve the problem of catalyst pore blockage, and can also make the catalyst have a smaller particle bulk density and the catalyst bed has a higher porosity. It can strengthen the filtering and storage capacity of mechanical impurities, optimize the logistics distribution, greatly relieve the increase of the catalyst bed pressure drop, effectively improve the utilization rate of the catalyst, and can give full play to the activity of the catalyst.

[0015] 3) The four "axe blade" - shaped blades of the utility model are symmetrically arranged about the center. Therefore, the overall configuration outer surface of the particle cross - section is a curved surface, so the stability of the particles is the strongest, and it is not easy to generate a large amount of slag and powder, which can ensure the overall strength of the particles to the greatest extent; through the alternating arrangement of four "Ω" - shaped interleaf grooves and the four "axe blade" - shaped blades, on the premise of ensuring the overall strength of the catalyst particles, it can effectively increase the specific surface area of the catalyst particles, thereby further improving the utilization rate of the catalyst and giving full play to the activity of the catalyst.

[0016] 4) There is a gap between the four "axe blade" - shaped blades of the utility model, that is, adjacent blades are not tangent to each other and are smoothly connected through the "Ω" - shaped interleaf grooves. This can not only ensure that the diameter size of the central circle is not too small, but also obtain a relatively open state of the interleaf grooves.

[0017] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, technical features and advantages of this utility model easier to understand, one or more preferred embodiments are listed below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the catalyst particle configuration in the existing technology.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration of this utility model.

[0020] Explanation of main figure reference numerals ( Figure 2 ):

[0021] 1-Leaf circle; 2A-First leaf angle circle, 2B-Second leaf angle circle, 2C-Third leaf angle circle, 2D-Fourth leaf angle circle, 2E-Fifth leaf angle circle, 2F-Sixth leaf angle circle, 2G-Seventh leaf angle circle, 2H-Eighth leaf angle circle; 3A-First circumscribed circle, 3B-Second circumscribed circle, 3C-Third circumscribed circle, 3D-Fourth circumscribed circle; 4A-First transition ellipse, 4B-Second transition ellipse, 4C-Third transition ellipse, 4D-Fourth transition ellipse, 4E-Fifth transition ellipse, 4F-Sixth transition ellipse, 4G-Seventh transition ellipse, 4H-Eighth transition ellipse; 5-Center circle. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0023] Unless otherwise expressly stated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" or its variations such as "including" or "comprises" shall be understood to include the stated elements or components without excluding other elements or other components.

[0024] In this document, for ease of description, spatial relative terms such as “below,” “under,” “down,” “above,” “above,” “upper,” etc., are used to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of an object in use or operation, in addition to those depicted in the figures. For example, if an object in the figure is flipped, an element described as “below” or “under” another element or feature would be oriented “above” that element or feature. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both the downward and upward orientations. An object may also have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0025] In this document, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish two different elements or parts, and are not used to define specific positions or relative relationships. In other words, in some embodiments, the terms "first," "second," etc., can also be used interchangeably.

[0026] First, it should be noted that this utility model is... Figure 1 The improvement based on the existing configuration shows that the inter-blade grooves of the four-blade wheel-shaped catalyst particles are more open, in order to cope with the characteristics of the current low-quality crude oil, which is characterized by many types, difficult processing and an increasing proportion. It also solves the problem that metal and coke deposition is more likely to cause catalyst pore blockage, apparent activity reduction and bed blockage. Therefore, while ensuring strength, the catalyst needs to have higher porosity and higher ability to remove / dispose of impurities.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, this utility model provides a four-blade wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration, which includes at least a blade circle, a central circle, a blade corner circle, a circumscribed circle, and a transition ellipse. The blade circle 1 is used to form four spaced-apart outer arcs of the blades (i.e.,... Figure 2 The four solid lines on the blade circle 1 represent arcs. The center circle 5 is concentric with the blade circle 1. There are eight blade angle circles, arranged in pairs, i.e., according to... Figure 2 The leaf angle circles, arranged clockwise, are: first leaf angle circle 2A, second leaf angle circle 2B, third leaf angle circle 2C, fourth leaf angle circle 2D, fifth leaf angle circle 2E, sixth leaf angle circle 2F, seventh leaf angle circle 2G, and eighth leaf angle circle 2H. Each leaf angle circle is tangent to the inner side of the leaf blade circle 1. There are four circumscribed circles, each corresponding to a set of leaf angle circles. Each circumscribed circle is tangent to the central circle and also tangent to two leaf angle circles in the same set. In other words, the four circumscribed circles are respectively... Figure 2The first circumcircle 3A, the second circumcircle 3B, the third circumcircle 3C, and the fourth circumcircle 3D correspond to the aforementioned four sets of leaf angle circles. Furthermore, the four circumcircles are evenly spaced and tangent to the center circle 5. The first circumcircle 3A is tangent to the first leaf angle circle 2A and the second leaf angle circle 2B, respectively; the second circumcircle 3B is tangent to the third leaf angle circle 2C and the fourth leaf angle circle 2D, respectively; the third circumcircle 3C is tangent to the fifth leaf angle circle 2E and the sixth leaf angle circle 2F, respectively; and the fourth circumcircle 3D is tangent to the seventh leaf angle circle 2G and the eighth leaf angle circle 2H, respectively. There are eight transition ellipses, arranged in pairs. The two transition ellipses in each pair are of the same size and are both vertically oriented (here, "vertically oriented" refers to the radial direction relative to the leaf circle 1). Each transition ellipse is tangent to the corresponding leaf angle circle in the same group and to the circumcircle of the same group. (Refer to...) Figure 2 That is, in the first group, the first transition ellipse 4A is tangent to the first blade angle circle 2A and tangent to the first circumscribed circle 3A of the same group; the second transition ellipse 4B is tangent to the second blade angle circle 2B and tangent to the first circumscribed circle 3A of the same group; in the second group, the third transition ellipse 4C is tangent to the third blade angle circle 2C and tangent to the second circumscribed circle 3B of the same group; and the fourth transition ellipse 4D is tangent to the fourth blade angle circle 2D and tangent to the second circumscribed circle 3B of the same group. The third and fourth groups follow the same pattern and will not be elaborated further here. Thus, the configuration of the four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle of this invention is complete, with the outer arcs of the four blades and the outer arcs of the eight blade angle circles (here, the "outer arcs of the blade angle circles" are defined by the axis of the axe-shaped blade as the reference point, i.e., ...). Figure 2 The corresponding solid arc in the middle), and eight transition elliptical outer arcs that are tangent to the corresponding leaf angle circle and circumscribed circle respectively (here, "transition elliptical outer arcs" are defined as "inner" and "outer" with the axis of symmetry of the two transition ellipses in the same group as reference, that is... Figure 2 The corresponding solid-line elliptical arc), and the inner arcs of the four circumcircles (here, "inner arcs of the circumcircles" refers to the "inner" and "outer" defined with the center of circle 5 as the reference point, that is... Figure 2 The smooth curve formed by the corresponding solid arc in the middle forms the cross-sectional outline of the catalyst particle; the four blades formed in the cross-section are "axe blade" shaped, and the three inter-blade grooves formed in the cross-section are "Ω" shaped.

[0028] Catalyst particles with a cross-sectional contour line of this form (the particles consist of an internal solid support and an active component on the surface), the catalyst configuration is centrosymmetrically arranged, and it is composed of the outer arcs of four blades, the outer arcs of eight leaf corners, eight transition ellipse outer arcs respectively tangent to the corresponding leaf corner circles and the circumscribed circles, and the inner arcs of four circumscribed circles tangent and connected, making the opening degree of the interleaf grooves relatively larger. On the premise of ensuring the particle strength, it can effectively solve the problem of catalyst pore plugging, and can also make the catalyst have a smaller particle packing density, the catalyst bed has a higher porosity, can strengthen the filtering and storage capacity of mechanical impurities, optimize the logistics distribution, greatly relieve the increase of the catalyst bed pressure drop, effectively improve the utilization rate of the catalyst, and can give full play to the activity of the catalyst.

[0029] Furthermore, as Figure 2 shown, since the four "axe blade" - shaped blades are centrosymmetrically arranged, the overall configuration of the particle cross-section has a curved surface on the outer surface of the central axis in Figure 2 this way, the stability of the particles is the strongest, and the overall strength of the particles can be guaranteed to the greatest extent. By alternately arranging the four "Ω" - shaped interleaf grooves and the four "axe blade" - shaped blades, on the premise of ensuring the overall strength of the catalyst particles, the specific surface area of the catalyst particles can be effectively increased, thereby further improving the utilization rate of the catalyst and giving full play to the activity of the catalyst.

[0030] Furthermore, as Figure 2 shown, when designing the particle cross-sectional configuration, in the present invention, the radius of blade circle 1 is set as R; the radius of central circle 5 is r1; the radius of each leaf corner circle is r2; the radius of each circumscribed circle is r3; the major axis length of each transition ellipse is D, and the minor axis length is d. Further, preferably but not limited to, the radius R of blade circle 1 can be from 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm. The radius r1 of central circle 5 is 2 / 5 to 1 / 2 of R; D is 1 / 3 to 2 / 5 of R; D preferably satisfies r3 < D < 2r3. Additionally, further, preferably but not limited to, d is 2 / 5 to 2 / 3 of D; d can satisfy 1 / 3r3 < d < r3; the radius r3 of the circumscribed circle is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of R; the length of the radius r2 of the leaf corner circle ≤ 1 / 2d. Specifically, the length of D can be 0.3 mm to 2.0 mm; the length of d can be 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm. Experiments and calculations show that through such a configuration design, the overall strength and specific surface area of the catalyst particles can be taken into account.

[0031] This invention features four axe-blade-shaped blades spaced apart, meaning adjacent blades are not tangent and are smoothly connected via Ω-shaped inter-blade grooves. This ensures the central circle diameter is not too small while maintaining a relatively open inner arc of the blades (i.e., the inter-blade grooves). An excessively small central circle results in a smaller central portion of the catalyst support, leading to poor overall catalyst stability. The relatively open inter-blade grooves create smooth, constricted particle grooves, solving problems in existing technologies such as high particle density, low filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, uneven feedstock distribution leading to coking, and increased catalyst bed pressure drop. This not only effectively improves catalyst utilization but also fully leverages catalyst activity.

[0032] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical applications, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as well as various different choices and variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the foregoing exemplary embodiments should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration, characterized in that, include: The blade circle is used to form four spaced-apart outer arcs on the blade. The central circle is concentric with the blade circle; There are eight leaf corner circles, which are arranged in pairs, and each leaf corner circle is tangent to the leaf blade circle. There are four circumcircles, each corresponding to a set of leaf corner circles. The circumcircles are tangent to the center circle and to two leaf corner circles in the same set. There are eight transition ellipses, which are grouped in pairs. The two transition ellipses in each group are the same size and are both set vertically. Each transition ellipse is tangent to the corresponding leaf corner circle in the same group and to the circumcircle of the same group. The smooth curve formed by the four outer arcs of the blades, the eight outer arcs of the blade corner circles, the eight transition elliptical outer arcs that are tangent to the corresponding blade corner circles and circumscribed circles respectively, and the four inner arcs of the circumscribed circles forms the cross-sectional outline of the catalyst particle; the four blades formed in the cross-section are "axe-blade" shaped, and the three inter-blade grooves formed in the cross-section are "Ω" shaped.

2. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius of the blade circle is R; the radius of the center circle is r1; the radius of the blade corner circle is r2; the radius of the circumscribed circle is r3; the major axis of the transition ellipse is D, and the minor axis is d.

3. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 2, characterized in that, The R is 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm.

4. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 3, characterized in that, The r1 is 2 / 5 to 1 / 2 of R; the D is 1 / 3 to 2 / 5 of R, and the D satisfies r3. <D<2r3。 5. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 4, characterized in that, The d is 2 / 5 to 2 / 3 of D; the d satisfies 1 / 3r³ <d<r3。 6. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 3, characterized in that, The r3 is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of R.

7. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 5, characterized in that, The length of r2 is ≤ 1 / 2d.

8. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 4, characterized in that, The length of D is 0.3mm to 2.0mm.

9. The four-bladed wheel-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 5, characterized in that, The length of d is 0.2mm to 1.5mm.

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