Mechanical clamp for machining

Abstract

The utility model relates to a mechanical clamp for machining, which belongs to the technical field of mechanical clamps and comprises a supporting table, a fixing plate is fixed on the upper surface of the supporting table, a two-way screw rod is rotatably connected between the opposite sides of the left side wall and the right side wall of an inner cavity of the fixing plate through a bearing, and a first motor is fixed on the right side of the fixing plate; an output shaft of the first motor penetrates through the right side wall of an inner cavity of the fixed plate, extends to the inner cavity of the fixed plate and is fixed to the two-way screw, and the upper surface of the movable plate penetrates through the inner top wall of the fixed plate, extends to the upper side of the fixed plate and is fixedly provided with a positioning frame. According to the mechanical clamp for machining, through the arranged switching mechanism and the arranged dismounting and replacing mechanism, a worker can conveniently switch to an annular or regular or irregular-shaped clamp to clamp a workpiece, so that the flexibility and applicability of the mechanical clamp facing workpieces of different shapes are improved, the positioning stability is high, and the machining precision is improved. And in addition, the use is convenient and simple, and the applicability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical clamping technology, specifically a mechanical clamping fixture for machining. Background Technology

[0002] A fixture is a device used in mechanical manufacturing to fix a workpiece in the correct position. In a broad sense, any device used to quickly, conveniently, and safely install a workpiece in any step of the process can be called a fixture for construction or inspection. Fixtures are usually composed of positioning elements, clamping devices, tool setting guide elements, indexing devices, connecting elements, and fixture bodies.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese Patent Publication No. CN219582255U, which discloses a mechanical fixture for machining, comprising: a worktable; a rotating mechanism mounted on the worktable for rotating the workpiece; a clamping mechanism mounted on the rotating mechanism for initially positioning the workpiece; and a positioning mechanism mounted on the clamping mechanism for further positioning the workpiece. This utility model has a reasonable structure, effectively preventing excessive clamping force from damaging the workpiece, while improving the fixation effect on the workpiece and better meeting the usage requirements.

[0004] Although the above-mentioned utility model can position the workpiece, there are many types of workpieces, and it is not suitable for positioning workpieces with ring or other irregular shapes, which makes it inconvenient to clamp the workpiece, thereby reducing its applicability and flexibility. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a mechanical clamp for machining, which has the advantages of being applicable to the positioning of workpieces with ring or other irregular shapes. It solves the problem that there are many types of workpieces, and it is not suitable for positioning workpieces with ring or other irregular shapes, which makes it inconvenient to clamp the workpiece and reduces its applicability and flexibility.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a mechanical fixture for machining, including a support platform, a fixed plate fixed on the upper surface of the support platform, a bidirectional screw rotatably connected between the opposite sides of the left and right side walls of the inner cavity of the fixed plate via bearings, a No. 1 motor fixed on the right side of the fixed plate, the output shaft of the No. 1 motor passing through the right side wall of the inner cavity of the fixed plate and extending into the inner cavity of the fixed plate and fixed to the bidirectional screw, movable plates threadedly connected to both ends of the outer surface of the bidirectional screw, the upper surface of the movable plate passing through the inner top wall of the fixed plate and extending to the upper side of the fixed plate and fixed with a positioning frame, and a switching mechanism for positioning a ring-shaped workpiece provided on the top of the opposite sides of the two positioning frames;

[0007] The switching mechanism includes a support plate fixed to the top of the opposite sides of two positioning frames. A second motor is fixed to the upper surface of the support plate. A first driving bevel gear is fixed to the outer surface of the output shaft of the second motor. A threaded rod is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the positioning frame and the side near the first driving bevel gear via a bearing. A first driven bevel gear is fixed to the bottom of the outer surface of the threaded rod. The first driving bevel gear and the first driven bevel gear are meshed together. A threaded sleeve is threaded to the outer surface of the threaded rod. A drive plate is fixed to the opposite side of the two threaded sleeves. A clamping ring is provided on the lower side of the drive plate. A replacement mechanism for disassembly is provided on the upper surface of the clamping ring.

[0008] Furthermore, limit grooves are provided at both ends of the bottom wall of the fixed plate, and limit blocks are fixed on the lower surface of the movable plate. The limit blocks move horizontally in the inner cavity of the limit grooves, and the two movable plates are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the vertical central axis of the bidirectional screw.

[0009] Furthermore, a cylinder is fixed to the upper surface of the positioning frame, and the piston rod of the cylinder passes through and extends to the lower side of the positioning frame and is fixed to a pressure plate. Anti-slip pads are fixed to the lower surface of the pressure plate and the opposite side of the two positioning frames. The anti-slip pads are rubber pads.

[0010] Furthermore, a guide rod is fixed to the upper surface of the positioning frame, and a sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the outer surface of the guide rod. The opposite sides of the two sliding sleeves are fixed to the drive plate. A through hole is opened on the upper surface of the positioning frame, and the size of the inner cavity of the through hole is larger than the size of the clamping ring.

[0011] Furthermore, the replacement mechanism includes an insert block fixed to the upper surface of the clamping ring. A shaft is rotatably connected to the center of the left and right side walls of the inner cavity of the drive plate via a bearing. A rotating gear is fixed to the middle of the outer surface of the shaft. Tooth plates are meshed and connected to both the upper and lower sides of the rotating gear. A connecting plate is fixed to the opposite side of the two tooth plates. Insert rods are fixed to the top and bottom of the opposite side of the two connecting plates.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower surface of the drive plate is provided with a socket that matches the size of the insert block. The insert block has a U-shaped cross-section. A second driven bevel gear is fixed on the outer surface of the shaft and to the left of the rotating gear. A second driving bevel gear is meshed with the upper surface of the second driven bevel gear. A drive rod is fixed on the upper surface of the second driving bevel gear. The upper surface of the drive rod penetrates the inner top wall of the drive plate and extends to the upper side of the drive plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner cavity of the drive plate has sliding grooves on both the left and right side walls. Slider blocks are fixed on the left side of the upper connecting plate and the right side of the lower connecting plate. The sliders move back and forth linearly in the inner cavity of the sliding grooves. The top and bottom of opposite sides of the inner cavity of the drive plate have slots. The outer diameter of the insertion rod is adapted to the inner diameter of the slot.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] This machining fixture, through its switching and replacement mechanisms, allows operators to easily switch to ring-shaped, regular, or irregularly shaped fixtures to hold workpieces. This improves the flexibility and applicability of the fixture when dealing with workpieces of different shapes. It not only has high positioning stability but is also convenient and simple to use, thus enhancing its applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing plate and positioning frame structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the switching mechanism of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly and replacement mechanism of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1 Support platform, 2 Fixed plate, 3 Bidirectional screw, 4 Motor No. 1, 5 Movable plate, 6 Positioning frame, 7 Switching mechanism, 701 Support plate, 702 Motor No. 2, 703 Driven bevel gear No. 1, 704 Threaded rod, 705 Driven bevel gear No. 1, 706 Screw sleeve, 707 Drive plate, 708 Clamping ring, 8 Replacement mechanism, 801 Insert block, 802 Shaft, 803 Rotating gear, 804 Gear plate, 805 Connecting plate, 806 Insert rod. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Please see Figures 1 to 2This embodiment of a machining fixture includes a support platform 1. A fixed plate 2 is fixed on the upper surface of the support platform 1. A bidirectional screw 3 is rotatably connected between the opposite sides of the left and right side walls of the inner cavity of the fixed plate 2 via bearings. A motor 4 is fixed on the right side of the fixed plate 2. The output shaft of the motor 4 passes through the right side wall of the inner cavity of the fixed plate 2 and extends into the inner cavity of the fixed plate 2 and is fixed to the bidirectional screw 3. Movable plates 5 are threaded to both ends of the outer surface of the bidirectional screw 3. The upper surface of the movable plate 5 passes through the inner top wall of the fixed plate 2 and extends to the upper side of the fixed plate 2 and is fixed with a positioning frame 6. A switching mechanism 7 for positioning a ring-shaped workpiece is provided on the top of the opposite side of the two positioning frames 6.

[0023] The fixed plate 2 has limit grooves on both the left and right ends of its inner bottom wall. The lower surface of the movable plate 5 is fixed with a limit block. The limit block moves horizontally in the inner cavity of the limit groove. The two movable plates 5 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the vertical central axis of the bidirectional screw 3.

[0024] It is understandable that the workpiece is placed on the upper surface of the fixed plate 2, and then the first motor 4 is started. The output shaft of the first motor 4 rotates, which drives the bidirectional screw 3 to rotate. The rotation of the bidirectional screw 3 causes the two movable plates 5 threaded to its surface to move relative to each other, which in turn causes the two positioning frames 6 to move relative to each other, thus positioning the horizontal position of the workpiece.

[0025] In this embodiment, a cylinder is fixed on the upper surface of the positioning frame 6. The piston rod of the cylinder passes through and extends to the lower side of the positioning frame 6 and is fixed with a pressure plate. Anti-slip pads are fixed on the lower surface of the pressure plate and on the opposite side of the two positioning frames 6. The anti-slip pads are rubber pads. By activating the cylinder, the piston rod of the cylinder moves downward. The movement of the piston rod causes the pressure plate to move downward, thereby enabling the vertical position of the workpiece to be positioned.

[0026] Please see Figure 3To switch the ring clamp, the switching mechanism 7 in this embodiment includes a support plate 701 fixed to the top of the opposite sides of the two positioning frames 6. A second motor 702 is fixed to the upper surface of the support plate 701. A first driving bevel gear 703 is fixed to the outer surface of the output shaft of the second motor 702. By starting the second motor 702, the output shaft of the second motor 702 rotates, driving the first driving bevel gear 703 to rotate. A threaded rod 704 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the positioning frame 6 and the side near the first driving bevel gear 703 via a bearing. A first driven bevel gear 705 is fixed to the bottom of the outer surface of the threaded rod 704. The first driving bevel gear 703 and the first driven bevel gear 705 are meshed together. The outer surface of the rod 704 is threaded with a threaded sleeve 706. The rotation of the first driving bevel gear 703 causes the first driven bevel gear 705, which meshes with it, to rotate. The rotation of the first driven bevel gear 705 drives the threaded rod 704 fixed in its inner cavity to rotate, thereby causing the threaded sleeve 706 to move downward. A drive plate 707 is fixed on the opposite side of each of the two threaded sleeves 706. A clamping ring 708 is provided on the lower side of the drive plate 707. The movement of the threaded sleeve 706 causes the drive plate 707 to move downward, which allows the clamping ring 708 to move downward through the through hole to a suitable height. Then, the distance between the two positioning frames 6 is adjusted by the first motor 4. The upper surface of the clamping ring 708 is provided with a replacement mechanism 8 for replacement.

[0027] The positioning frame 6 has a guide rod fixed on its upper surface, and a sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the outer surface of the guide rod. The opposite sides of the two sliding sleeves are fixed to the drive plate 707. The movement of the screw sleeve 706 causes the drive plate 707 to move downward, thereby allowing the sliding sleeve to move downward on the outer surface of the guide rod. The movement of the screw sleeve 706 can be limited. The upper surface of the positioning frame 6 has a through hole, and the size of the inner cavity of the through hole is larger than the size of the clamping ring 708.

[0028] Please see Figure 4 To accommodate different shaped clamps, the replacement mechanism 8 in this embodiment includes an insert block 801 fixed to the upper surface of the clamping ring 708. A shaft 802 is rotatably connected via a bearing at the center between opposite sides of the left and right side walls of the inner cavity of the drive plate 707. A rotating gear 803 is fixed to the middle of the outer surface of the shaft 802. Gear plates 804 are meshed with both the upper and lower sides of the rotating gear 803. The rotation of the shaft 802 causes the rotating gear 803 fixed to its surface to rotate. The movement causes the two toothed plates 804 meshing on its surface to move relative to each other. A connecting plate 805 is fixed on the opposite side of the two toothed plates 804. Insert rods 806 are fixed on the top and bottom of the opposite side of the two connecting plates 805. The movement of the toothed plates 804 causes the two connecting plates 805 and the two insert rods 806 to move relative to each other until the insert rods 806 move out of the slot and the inner cavity of the insert block 801. The insert block 801 can be released from its limit. Then the insert block 801 can be pulled down to replace the appropriate clamp for fixation.

[0029] The drive plate 707 has a hole on its lower surface that matches the size of the insert block 801. The insert block 801 has a U-shaped cross-section. A second driven bevel gear is fixed on the outer surface of the shaft 802 and to the left of the rotating gear 803. A second driving bevel gear is meshed on the upper surface of the second driven bevel gear. A drive rod is fixed on the upper surface of the second driving bevel gear. The upper surface of the drive rod penetrates the inner top wall of the drive plate 707 and extends to the upper side of the drive plate 707. By rotating the drive rod, the rotation of the drive rod drives the second driving bevel gear to rotate, which in turn drives the shaft 802 to rotate.

[0030] In this embodiment, the inner cavity of the drive plate 707 has sliding grooves on both the left and right side walls. The left side of the upper connecting plate 805 and the right side of the lower connecting plate 805 are fixed with sliders. The sliders move back and forth linearly in the inner cavity of the sliding grooves. The top and bottom of the opposite side of the front and rear side walls of the inner cavity of the drive plate 707 are provided with slots. The outer diameter of the insertion rod 806 is adapted to the inner diameter of the slot.

[0031] Understandably, the switching mechanism 7 and the disassembly mechanism 8 enable workers to easily switch to ring-shaped, regular, or irregularly shaped clamps to hold workpieces, thereby improving the flexibility and applicability of mechanical clamps when dealing with workpieces of different shapes.

[0032] It should be noted that two locking holes adapted to the size of the insertion rod 806 are opened on the top of the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the insertion block 801, which facilitates the positioning of the insertion block 801. Positioning blocks are fixed on the front and rear sides of the inner top wall of the drive plate 707. Positioning grooves adapted to the size of the positioning blocks are opened at the front and rear ends of the upper surface of the insertion block 801, which can initially position the insertion block 801 and prevent it from moving left and right.

[0033] All electrical components mentioned in this document are electrically connected to the main controller and power supply, and all electrical components mentioned in this document are conventional and known devices. This application will not elaborate further. The main controller can be a conventional and known device such as a computer that performs control. The control circuit of the main controller can be implemented by a person skilled in the art through simple programming. The power supply is also common knowledge in the art. Furthermore, this application is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so this application will not explain the control method and circuit connection in detail.

[0034] The working principle of the above embodiments is as follows:

[0035] (1) When positioning the workpiece, place the workpiece on the upper surface of the fixed plate 2, and then start the first motor 4. The output shaft of the first motor 4 rotates, driving the double-headed screw 3 to rotate. The rotation of the double-headed screw 3 causes the two movable plates 5 threaded to its surface to move relative to each other, thereby causing the two positioning frames 6 to move relative to each other, which can position the horizontal position of the workpiece. Then, by starting the cylinder, the piston rod of the cylinder moves downward, and the movement of the piston rod causes the pressure plate to move downward, thereby positioning the vertical position of the workpiece. When positioning the ring-shaped workpiece, the second motor 702 can be started. The second motor 702... The output shaft rotation drives the first driving bevel gear 703 to rotate. The rotation of the first driving bevel gear 703 causes the first driven bevel gear 705, which meshes with it, to rotate. The rotation of the first driven bevel gear 705 drives the threaded rod 704 fixed in its inner cavity to rotate, thereby causing the threaded sleeve 706 to move downward. The movement of the threaded sleeve 706 drives the drive plate 707 to move downward, thereby allowing the sliding sleeve to move downward on the outer surface of the guide rod. The movement of the threaded sleeve 706 can be limited, allowing the clamping ring 708 to move downward through the through hole to a suitable height. Then, the distance between the two positioning frames 6 can be adjusted by the first motor 4.

[0036] (2) In order to position workpieces of different shapes, a suitable fixture can be selected according to the different shapes of the workpieces. By rotating the drive rod, the rotation of the drive rod drives the second active bevel gear to rotate, which in turn drives the second driven bevel gear to rotate the shaft 802. The rotation of the shaft 802 causes the rotating gear 803 fixed on its surface to rotate. The rotation of the rotating gear 803 causes the two toothed plates 804 meshing on its surface to move relative to each other, which in turn drives the two connecting plates 805 and the two insert rods 806 to move relative to each other until the insert rod 806 moves out of the slot and the inner cavity of the insert block 801. The limit of the insert block 801 can be released. Then the insert block 801 can be pulled down to replace the suitable fixture for fixing.

[0037] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0038] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical fixture for machining, comprising a support table (1), characterized in that: A fixed plate (2) is fixed on the upper surface of the support platform (1). A bidirectional screw (3) is rotatably connected between the opposite sides of the inner cavity of the fixed plate (2) via a bearing. A motor (4) is fixed on the right side of the fixed plate (2). The output shaft of the motor (4) passes through the right side wall of the inner cavity of the fixed plate (2) and extends into the inner cavity of the fixed plate (2) and is fixed to the bidirectional screw (3). Movable plates (5) are threaded to both ends of the outer surface of the bidirectional screw (3). The upper surface of the movable plate (5) passes through the inner top wall of the fixed plate (2) and extends to the upper side of the fixed plate (2) and is fixed with a positioning frame (6). A switching mechanism (7) for positioning the annular workpiece is provided on the top of the opposite side of the two positioning frames (6). The switching mechanism (7) includes a support plate (701) fixed to the top of the opposite sides of the two positioning frames (6). A second motor (702) is fixed to the upper surface of the support plate (701). A first drive bevel gear (703) is fixed to the outer surface of the output shaft of the second motor (702). A threaded rod (704) is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the positioning frame (6) and the side closest to the first drive bevel gear (703) via a bearing. The outer surface of the threaded rod (704) A driven bevel gear (705) is fixed at the bottom. The driven bevel gear (703) and the driven bevel gear (705) are meshed together. The outer surface of the threaded rod (704) is threaded with a threaded sleeve (706). A drive plate (707) is fixed on one side of each of the two threaded sleeves (706). A clamping ring (708) is provided on the lower side of the drive plate (707). A replacement mechanism (8) for replacement is provided on the upper surface of the clamping ring (708).

2. The machining fixture for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: Limiting grooves are provided at both ends of the bottom wall of the fixed plate (2). A limiting block is fixed on the lower surface of the movable plate (5). The limiting block moves horizontally in the inner cavity of the limiting groove. The two movable plates (5) are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the vertical central axis of the bidirectional screw (3).

3. A machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylinder is fixed on the upper surface of the positioning frame (6). The piston rod of the cylinder passes through and extends to the lower side of the positioning frame (6) and is fixed with a pressure plate. Anti-slip pads are fixed on the lower surface of the pressure plate and on the opposite side of the two positioning frames (6). The anti-slip pads are rubber pads.

4. A machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the positioning frame (6) is fixed with a guide rod, and the outer surface of the guide rod is slidably connected with a sliding sleeve. The opposite sides of the two sliding sleeves are fixed to the drive plate (707). The upper surface of the positioning frame (6) is provided with a through hole, and the size of the inner cavity of the through hole is larger than the size of the clamping ring (708).

5. A machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The replacement mechanism (8) includes an insert block (801) fixed on the upper surface of the clamping ring (708). A shaft (802) is rotatably connected to the center of the left and right side walls of the inner cavity of the drive plate (707) via a bearing. A rotating gear (803) is fixed in the middle of the outer surface of the shaft (802). Gear plates (804) are meshed on both the upper and lower sides of the rotating gear (803). A connecting plate (805) is fixed on the opposite side of the two gear plates (804). Insert rods (806) are fixed on the top and bottom of the opposite side of the two connecting plates (805).

6. A machining fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower surface of the drive plate (707) is provided with a socket that matches the size of the insert (801). The insert (801) has a U-shaped cross-section. A second driven bevel gear is fixed on the outer surface of the shaft (802) and to the left of the rotating gear (803). A second driving bevel gear is meshed with the upper surface of the second driven bevel gear. A drive rod is fixed on the upper surface of the second driving bevel gear. The upper surface of the drive rod penetrates the inner top wall of the drive plate (707) and extends to the upper side of the drive plate (707).

7. A machining fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the drive plate (707) has sliding grooves on both the left and right sides. Slider blocks are fixed on the left side of the upper connecting plate (805) and the right side of the lower connecting plate (805). The sliders move back and forth linearly in the inner cavity of the sliding grooves. The top and bottom of the opposite side of the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the drive plate (707) have slots. The outer diameter of the insertion rod (806) is adapted to the inner diameter of the slot.

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