Ecological retaining wall
By designing an ecological retaining wall, using cantilever slabs, organic soil, and vegetation filling, combined with a drainage structure, the stability and aesthetic issues of gravity retaining walls are solved, achieving harmony and stability between the retaining wall and the natural environment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422929972.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing gravity retaining walls are prone to collapse under soil pressure, and they are visually bulky and heavy, making it difficult to coordinate with the natural environment and resulting in poor aesthetics.
Design an eco-friendly retaining wall using cantilever slabs, organic soil, and vegetation filling, combined with drainage structures including intercepting ditches, drainage ditches, water steps, and drainage holes. Optimize the foundation type and burial depth, use corrosion-resistant materials, and plant small vegetation to form an aesthetically pleasing and stable landscape structure.
This design achieves a combination of aesthetics and stability in retaining walls, concealing their visual bulkiness, enhancing their long-term stability and drainage performance, and achieving harmony with the natural environment.
Smart Images
Figure CN223620953U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of geotechnical engineering technology, and in particular to an ecological retaining wall. Background Technology
[0002] A retaining wall is a structure used to support embankment fill or hillside soil, preventing deformation or instability. Gravity retaining walls are a common type, utilizing their own weight to maintain stability. Existing gravity retaining walls consist of a foundation and walls. The foundation rests on top of the walls, and the connection between the walls and the foundation is the wall itself. This connection is relatively weak; under earth pressure, the walls can be pushed to one side, leading to collapse.
[0003] With the rapid development of urbanization and economy, the design of retaining walls is encountering more and more problems. It is particularly important to make retaining walls safe, economical, reasonable and beautiful, solve the visual bulky and heavy feeling of retaining walls, make them harmonious with the natural environment and maintain long-term stability. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an ecological retaining wall to at least partially solve the above-mentioned problems.
[0005] This utility model embodiment provides an ecological retaining wall suitable for installation on slopes, comprising:
[0006] Base;
[0007] Cantilever slabs are installed on the foundation; the spaces between the cantilever slabs are filled with sandy soil.
[0008] Organic soil is used to fill compacted sandy soil.
[0009] Vegetation, planted in organic soil;
[0010] The slope includes a water interception ditch at the top and a drainage ditch at the bottom, with steps between the interception and drainage ditches. A sedimentation basin is set at the bottom of the steps, and drainage holes are installed at the retaining wall, extending into the backfill along the retaining wall.
[0011] Preferably, the type of retaining wall foundation is:
[0012] When the foundation bearing capacity is insufficient and the terrain at the wall site is flat, the retaining wall is directly built on a shallow foundation on the natural foundation.
[0013] For foundations with short gaps or difficult excavation, an arched foundation is used, with a stone arch spanning across it, and then the wall is built on top of it.
[0014] For foundations consisting of soft soil layers, hard materials are used for replacement to diffuse the compressive stress in the soil and distribute it evenly to the underlying soft soil layer.
[0015] Preferably, the burial depth of the foundation is:
[0016] When there is no scouring, the depth below the natural ground level should be no less than 1.0m.
[0017] When there is scouring, the depth below the scouring line should be no less than 1.0m.
[0018] When affected by frost heave, the depth below the ice line should be no less than 0.25m.
[0019] Preferably, the cantilever slab adopts a corrosion-resistant structure to ensure that the retaining wall cantilever slab will not undergo excessive deformation or even bending failure due to the settlement of the backfill soil; wherein:
[0020] For large retaining walls, the corrosion-resistant structure is made of reinforced concrete;
[0021] For small retaining walls with little fill on the surface, plain concrete is used; during construction, the fill is compacted to ensure that the cantilever slab does not bend or break.
[0022] Preferably, the drainage holes are circular holes with a diameter of 5cm, with a slope of 2% towards the outside of the wall, and are spaced 2 meters apart, staggered vertically.
[0023] Preferably, for slopes with greater height, stepped ecological retaining walls are installed.
[0024] Preferably, the fill material is designed to be thinner at the top and thicker at the bottom.
[0025] Preferably, the vegetation is small-scale vegetation.
[0026] Preferably, the cantilever slab is shorter at the bottom and longer at the top, and it passes through the possible sliding surface of the entire soil mass.
[0027] This utility model achieves a concealing effect on the retaining wall by incorporating soil and greenery on the wall surface. It eliminates the visually bulky and heavy feeling that people used to associate retaining walls with, solves the aesthetic problem of retaining walls, and directly decorates the retaining wall, making it harmonious with the natural environment. It transforms the retaining wall, which only has the function of retaining soil, into a natural retaining landscape, giving people a natural aesthetic and achieving a beautiful and stable effect.
[0028] Furthermore, the drainage structure and cantilever slab design of this utility model enable the retaining wall to have excellent stability and drainage performance, allowing it to be used for a long time and showing good prospects for widespread application. Attached Figure Description
[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0030] Figure 1 This is a design schematic diagram for an ecological retaining wall.
[0031] Figure 2 Elevation drawing for drainage design of ecological retaining wall.
[0032] Figure 3 Design drawings for the water treads and sedimentation tank.
[0033] Figure 4 This is a design drawing of a stepped ecological retaining wall under a high slope. Detailed Implementation
[0034] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0035] Please see Figure 1 This utility model embodiment provides an ecological retaining wall 100, which includes:
[0036] Base;
[0037] Specifically, the design of the foundation will be based on a detailed investigation of the actual geological conditions before determining the foundation type and burial depth.
[0038] In cases where the foundation bearing capacity is insufficient and the terrain at the wall site is flat, the retaining wall can be directly built on a shallow foundation on the natural ground.
[0039] If there is a short gap in the foundation or excavation is difficult, an arched foundation should be used, with a stone arch spanning across it, and then the walls built on top of it. However, care should be taken not to make the soil pressure too high, so as to avoid the lateral thrust causing the arch to crack.
[0040] When the foundation is a soft soil layer, such as silt or soft clay, it can be replaced with materials such as gravel, crushed stone, slag, or lime soil to diffuse the compressive stress of the foundation and transfer it evenly to the underlying soft soil layer.
[0041] The foundation of a retaining wall should be buried to a sufficient depth, depending on the topography and geological conditions, to ensure the stability of the retaining wall. Specifically, for retaining walls built on soil foundations, the foundation burial depth should meet the following requirements:
[0042] When there is no scouring, it should generally be at least 1.0m below the natural ground level;
[0043] When there is scouring, the distance should be no less than 1.0m below the scouring line;
[0044] When affected by frost heave, the depth should be no less than 0.25m below the frost line. For foundations in non-frost-heave soil layers, such as rock, pebbles, gravel, medium sand, or coarse sand, the burial depth is not limited by the frost depth.
[0045] In addition, when the retaining wall foundation is set on rock, the surface weathered layer should be removed; when the weathered layer is too thick to be completely removed, the foundation can be buried in the weathered layer according to the degree of weathering of the foundation and its corresponding allowable bearing capacity. When the ground slope in front of the wall toe is large, the foundation embedment depth is controlled by the safety flange width in front of the wall toe to prevent shear failure of the foundation.
[0046] A 40mm cantilever slab is placed on the foundation; the space between the cantilever slabs is filled with sandy soil.
[0047] In this embodiment, in order to prevent the backfill soil from sliding in an arc, the cantilever plate 40 is designed to be shorter at the top and longer at the bottom, passing through the possible sliding surface of the entire soil.
[0048] Among them, the cantilever slab 40 is generally made of reinforced concrete, and the reinforcement ensures that the cantilever slab of the retaining wall will not undergo too much deformation or even bending damage due to the settlement of the backfill soil.
[0049] Of course, in some special cases, cantilever slabs can be replaced by other corrosion-resistant structures. For example, for small retaining walls and when the surface fill of the retaining wall is small, plain concrete can be used directly. The key to its construction is that the fill must be compacted to ensure that the cantilever slab will not bend or be damaged.
[0050] 10g of organic soil was filled on the compacted sandy soil.
[0051] Vegetation 20, planted in organic soil.
[0052] In this embodiment, after the retaining wall is properly set up, appropriate backfill is added to the wall surface, and vegetation is planted on the backfill surface to achieve the effect of concealing the retaining wall. The soil in the middle area of the cantilever slab is selected as sandy soil with high mechanical strength, and the surface layer is selected as organic soil suitable for vegetation growth. While ensuring vegetation growth, the mechanical parameters of the soil are improved as much as possible. During construction, the sandy soil filled in the middle of the cantilever slab should be compacted to prevent settlement that could damage the cantilever slab.
[0053] In this embodiment, for the surface fill, it is necessary to avoid the fill from sliding in an arc shape.
[0054] Specifically, for the retaining wall, subject to active earth pressure, according to the simplified condition of Rankine earth pressure, we have:
[0055] Active earth pressure coefficient:
[0056] (1)
[0057] Let be the friction angle of the soil in its natural state; if we are analyzing the stability of the most dangerous situation, we take the friction angle of the saturated state.
[0058] The earth pressure at any point of arbitrary depth can be expressed as:
[0059] (2)
[0060] q is the load distributed behind the retaining wall, which is assumed to be a uniformly distributed load.
[0061] n is the number of soil layers in the sliding block.
[0062] Let be the natural unit weight of the i-th sliding soil layer. Considering the drainage holes in this retaining wall, it is assumed that the groundwater level is lower than the bottom of the retaining wall, and water pressure is not considered.
[0063] Let be the thickness of the i-th sliding soil layer.
[0064] C represents the cohesion of the soil.
[0065] Based on this, after the surface backfill, Sarma can be used for stability calculations to avoid circular sliding of the backfill; where, for the i-th sliding soil layer, its sliding force F 下 Represented as:
[0066] (3)
[0067] Where V is the volume of the soil layer of the slider, l i h represents the length of the i-th cantilever slab; i This represents the thickness of the i-th cantilever slab. This indicates the weighting degree of the soil layer in the slider. The angle between the sliding surface fitted to the soil layer and the horizontal plane; the anti-sliding force F 抗 Represented as:
[0068] (4)
[0069] in, This represents the shear strength of the cantilever slab.
[0070] Based on the stability analysis above, the fill layer is designed to be thinner at the top and thicker at the bottom to ensure the stability of the fill layer and prevent it from slipping.
[0071] In this embodiment, in order to prevent the root splitting effect of vegetation on the retaining wall structure, the vegetation is mainly small vegetation and is designed according to the thickness of the fill.
[0072] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, to ensure the long-term stable operation of the retaining wall, the drainage design is crucial. In this embodiment, a intercepting ditch 31 is set at the top of the slope, and a drainage ditch 32 is set at the bottom of the slope. A water-flowing step 33 is provided between the intercepting ditch 31 and the drainage ditch 32. A sedimentation tank 34 is set at the bottom of the water-flowing step ditch 33, and a drainage hole 35 is set at the retaining wall surface. The drainage hole 35 is inserted into the backfill soil at the retaining wall surface. The drainage hole is a circular hole with a diameter of 5cm, with a 2% slope outwards, and is spaced 2 meters apart, staggered vertically to improve drainage efficiency.
[0073] In this embodiment, in particular, such as Figure 4 As shown, for slopes with greater height, stepped ecological retaining walls can be installed.
[0074] This utility model achieves a concealing effect on the retaining wall by incorporating soil and greenery on the wall surface. It eliminates the visually bulky and heavy feeling that people used to associate retaining walls with, solves the aesthetic problem of retaining walls, and directly decorates the retaining wall, making it harmonious with the natural environment. It transforms the retaining wall, which only has the function of retaining soil, into a natural retaining landscape, giving people a natural aesthetic and achieving a beautiful and stable effect.
[0075] Furthermore, the drainage structure and cantilever slab design of this utility model enable the retaining wall to have excellent stability and drainage performance, allowing it to be used for a long time and showing good prospects for widespread application.
[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. An ecological retaining wall, suitable for installation on slopes, characterized in that, include: Base; Cantilever slabs are installed on the foundation; the spaces between the cantilever slabs are filled with sandy soil. Organic soil is used to fill compacted sandy soil. Vegetation, planted in organic soil; The slope is designed with a water interception ditch at the top and a drainage ditch at the bottom. A water flow step is provided between the water interception ditch and the drainage ditch. A sedimentation basin is provided at the bottom of the water flow step. A drainage hole is provided at the retaining wall and is inserted into the backfill at the retaining wall.
2. The ecological retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The types of retaining wall foundations are: When the foundation bearing capacity is insufficient and the terrain at the wall site is flat, the retaining wall is directly built on a shallow foundation on the natural foundation. For foundations with short gaps or difficult excavation, an arched foundation is used, with a stone arch spanning across it, and then the wall is built on top of it. For foundations consisting of soft soil layers, hard materials are used for replacement to diffuse the compressive stress in the soil and distribute it evenly to the underlying soft soil layer.
3. The ecological retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic burial depth is: When there is no scouring, the depth below the natural ground level should be no less than 1.0m. When there is scouring, the depth below the scouring line should be no less than 1.0m. When affected by frost heave, the depth below the ice line should be no less than 0.25m.
4. The ecological retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage holes are round holes with a diameter of 5cm, with a 2% slope towards the outside of the wall, and are spaced 2 meters apart, staggered vertically.
5. The ecological retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, For slopes with greater height, stepped ecological retaining walls should be installed.
6. The ecological retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fill layer is designed to be thinner at the top and thicker at the bottom.
7. The ecological retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vegetation consists of small-scale vegetation.
8. The ecological retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cantilever slab is shorter at the top and longer at the bottom, and it passes through the possible sliding surface of the entire soil mass.