Biomass combustion furnace end

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass combustion furnace end which comprises a combustion cavity, at least three combustion areas are arranged in the combustion cavity in the fuel combustion progress direction, and air is independently supplied to each combustion area through a combustion-supporting air duct; wherein the primary combustion area is located at the feed port, and the last combustion area is located at the combustion head; the primary combustion area is a primary combustion table located at the feed port, and a primary combustion-supporting air duct is arranged below the primary combustion table. According to the combustor, multiple times of combustion of fuel is achieved in a multiple-time independent air supply mode, the combustion efficiency is effectively improved, heat dissipated in the combustion process can preheat combustion-supporting air, the combustibility is enhanced, and meanwhile the combustion efficiency of the fuel can be further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass burners, and particularly relates to a biomass burner head. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the "dual carbon" goal process, the treatment and application of biomass, especially biomass that has always been regarded as agricultural (forestry) solid waste in the past, have attracted increasing attention. At present, the output of straw (branches) is the largest category of agricultural (forestry) biomass. Using this type of biomass as fuel has become part of the agricultural production process, and the burners supporting it emerge in an endless stream, and have also become a common agricultural machine.

[0003] In CN108613169A, a biomass pellet burner is disclosed, which has a main combustion chamber, an ash chamber and a heat insulation chamber. One end of the main combustion chamber is provided with a feed inlet, and the other end of the main combustion chamber is connected to the ash chamber; the heat insulation chamber is arranged on the side and below the main combustion chamber. One end of the heat insulation chamber is provided with an air inlet for the heat insulation chamber, and the bottom of the main combustion chamber is provided with an air outlet for the heat insulation chamber communicating with the heat insulation chamber; a perforated plate is arranged in the main combustion chamber, and the perforated plate is located above the air outlet of the heat insulation chamber; an opening is provided on the wall of the main combustion chamber below the feed inlet, and one end of the perforated plate is provided with a mesh plate driving end extending out of the main combustion chamber through the opening; the mesh plate driving end is connected to a motor and its transmission mechanism that can drive the perforated plate to reciprocate.

[0004] In CN112443854A, a biomass pellet combustion device is disclosed, which includes a main box body, a feeding pipe, an air supply pipe, a collection box and a combustion box. The top end of the main box body is fixedly installed with a feeding funnel, and the bottom end of the main box body is fixedly installed with universal wheels around it. A combustion box is fixedly installed on the right side inside the main box body. A collection box is fixedly installed on the top end of the combustion box. The bottom end of the feeding funnel extends into the main box body and is fixedly installed with a storage box. A feeding pipe is horizontally fixedly installed at the bottom end of the storage box. An air supply pipe is fixedly installed on the left side of the combustion box and is located below the feeding pipe. An ignition pipe is fixedly installed on the right side of the combustion box. A sealing door is movably installed at the lower right front end of the main box body.

[0005] In CN109307260A, a plant straw pellet burner is disclosed, which includes a combustion furnace body, a feeding device, a grate device and an ash discharging device; a furnace chamber is formed inside the combustion furnace body, and a spout communicating with the furnace chamber is opened on the side wall; the feeding device is installed outside the combustion furnace body and one end of it is connected to the furnace chamber; the grate device is installed in the furnace chamber and is located below the outlet end of the feeding device, and can carry the plant straw pellets to move in the direction away from the outlet end of the feeding device; the ash discharging device is installed below the combustion furnace body and is connected to the furnace chamber for discharging the carbon ash in the furnace chamber.

[0006] The burner air intake design in the above patents is simple, resulting in incomplete combustion and low fuel utilization. Currently, they can only burn shaped biomass pellet fuel, but cannot burn only crushed biomass material, and do not consider the subsequent utilization of ash and char after fuel combustion. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a biomass combustion burner head that supplies oxygen to the fuel at three combustion points through three combustion-supporting air ducts, thereby improving combustion efficiency. Furthermore, since the combustion-supporting air ducts are located inside the combustion chamber, the heat generated during fuel combustion can be used to preheat the combustion air in each duct, enhancing combustibility and further improving fuel combustion efficiency.

[0008] Specifically, this utility model provides a biomass combustion burner head, including: a combustion chamber, wherein the combustion chamber is provided with at least three combustion zones along the fuel combustion process direction, and each combustion zone is independently supplied with air by a combustion-supporting air duct;

[0009] The primary combustion zone is located at the feed inlet, and the final combustion zone is located at the burner head.

[0010] The primary combustion zone is a primary combustion platform located at the feed inlet, and below the primary combustion platform is a primary combustion air duct.

[0011] Furthermore, the combustion zone includes a primary combustion zone, a secondary combustion zone, and a tertiary combustion zone, wherein the secondary combustion zone is located after the primary combustion zone, and the tertiary combustion zone is located at the burner head;

[0012] The combustion chamber is also provided with a secondary combustion-supporting air duct and a tertiary combustion-supporting air duct. The secondary combustion-supporting air duct is used to supply air to the secondary combustion zone, and the tertiary combustion-supporting air duct is used to supply air to the tertiary combustion zone.

[0013] Furthermore, the primary combustion platform is shaped like a "┐" and has a primary air inlet.

[0014] Furthermore, a secondary combustion plate is provided below the side of the primary combustion platform away from the feed inlet. The secondary combustion plate is provided with a secondary air inlet, and the secondary combustion-supporting air duct is located below the secondary combustion plate. After the fuel continuously enters the primary combustion platform, it accumulates and burns on the primary combustion platform. As the fuel in the primary combustion platform is continuously supplied and accumulated, the fuel that has completed the primary combustion but has not been completely burned falls onto the secondary combustion plate for secondary combustion.

[0015] Furthermore, the three combustion-supporting air ducts are located at the top and around the side walls of the combustion chamber. The combustion-supporting air entering the three combustion-supporting air ducts flows with the air ducts to the side walls and top of the combustion head. The side walls and top of the combustion head are provided with three air inlets.

[0016] Furthermore, the three combustion-supporting air ducts are located on the two sides and top of the upper half of the combustion chamber, and the combustion head is a cone with three air inlets around its perimeter, with the bottom of the combustion head being larger than the top.

[0017] Furthermore, the combustion chamber is equipped with an ash removal device, which includes:

[0018] The ash outlet is located at the end of the combustion chamber furthest from the feed inlet.

[0019] The ash removal plate is located above and falls on the secondary combustion plate, and has the same shape as the secondary combustion plate. The ash removal plate is configured to move in the horizontal direction. When the ash removal plate retracts and stops moving, fuel falls from the primary combustion platform onto the secondary combustion plate. When the ash removal plate moves and extends, fuel also falls from the primary combustion platform onto the moving ash removal plate.

[0020] During ash removal, the ash removal plate moves towards the ash outlet. The pushing, shoveling, and pulling forces generated by this movement cause the bottom layer of ash and burning fuel on the secondary combustion plate to move forward. As the end of the propulsion stroke approaches, the ash that has accumulated at the ash outlet is squeezed out of the combustion chamber. Additionally, when the ash removal plate begins to move, the burning fuel accumulated at the junction of the primary and secondary combustion plates loses its lower support and falls onto the forward-moving ash removal plate, moving with it. Upon reaching the end of the propulsion stroke, the ash removal plate automatically retracts and resets. At the beginning of the retraction process, the bottom layer of ash and unburned fuel, located at the front of the ash removal plate but not on it, remain at the ash outlet. During the next movement of the ash removal plate, they are squeezed out in the same way. The bottom layer of ash and unburned fuel on the ash removal plate then gradually fall onto the secondary combustion plate as the plate retracts, and this cycle repeats continuously.

[0021] Furthermore, an outlet cover is provided at the ash outlet. The outlet cover is hinged to the combustion chamber and is pushed by two push rods on the left and right. The roots of the two push rods are connected to the push rods of the ash removal plate. When the ash removal plate moves horizontally, the push rods of the two outlet cover also move accordingly, thereby driving the outlet cover to open and close.

[0022] Furthermore, the outlet cover is lifted by a push rod linked to the ash and carbon removal plate.

[0023] Working principle:

[0024] In the initial stage of ignition, the fuel in the silo is fed into the primary combustion platform by the feeder and then ignited. The fuel undergoes combustion on the primary combustion platform, where some of the water in the fuel evaporates and volatiles are released. Some of the fuel mixes with the released volatiles and air to reach the ignition concentration and temperature, completing the first stage of combustion.

[0025] As combustion demands increase and fuel supply gradually increases, fuel on the primary combustion platform gradually accumulates. When a certain amount is accumulated, the fuel that has completed the first stage of primary combustion rolls onto the secondary combustion plate to continue burning. The furnace temperature and the temperature of the fuel itself further increase, and more volatiles are released and ignited here, releasing heat and further raising the furnace temperature. A large amount of solid fuel cokes here and is heated to a high temperature and burns violently. As the firepower demand increases, the combustion volume further increases, and a large amount of fuel gradually fills the primary and secondary combustion platforms. At this time, the supply of combustion air is increased, and the ash removal plate extends from the channel under the primary combustion platform, rubbing against the bottom of the secondary combustion plate and the bottom layer of fuel as it moves forward. Some of the ash produced by the fuel is scooped out by the ash removal plate, and some unburned fuel in the middle and upper layers is also carried forward with the movement of the ash removal plate. When it reaches the end of its travel stroke, the ash removal plate automatically retracts and resets. At the beginning of the retraction and reset process, the bottom layer of ash and unburned fuel, which are at the front of the ash removal plate but not on the ash removal plate, will remain at the ash outlet. When the ash removal plate runs again, they will be squeezed out in the same way. The bottom layer of ash and unburned fuel on the ash removal plate will retreat with the ash removal plate and gradually fall onto the secondary combustion plate during the retreat. This cycle repeats.

[0026] As the hot flue gas inside the furnace surges, the fuel and furnace body accumulate more and more heat. At this point, the temperature rises rapidly, and the chemical reactions are more intense. High temperature, high pressure, and high expansion fill the furnace body, thus causing an oxygen-deficient state in conventional biomass combustion furnaces. Incomplete combustion and reduction coking phenomena become more severe, and some oxidized substances are reduced again, possibly generating reducing gases such as carbon monoxide (CO). Unfavorable conditions such as blue smoke, black smoke, and coking occur one after another. As a result, the high-temperature flue gas cannot complete combustion and enters the area without combustion conditions along with other flue gas, eventually being discharged into the atmosphere through the flue. To solve and avoid this drawback to the greatest extent, this utility model sets up a third combustion zone as a third combustion point. Unburned or reduced combustible gases reach the upper part of the furnace body with the heat flow and flow towards the burner. After reaching the third combustion zone, the third combustion-supporting air duct provides sufficient oxygen, allowing the combustible gases to undergo a third combustion.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0028] (1) The biomass combustion burner of this utility model realizes the three-stage combustion of fuel through three independent air supply, and effectively improves the fuel combustion efficiency.

[0029] (2) All three combustion air ducts are located inside the combustion chamber. The heat emitted through the chamber wall during fuel combustion can preheat the combustion air in the combustion air ducts, ensuring that the air supplied for fuel combustion is hot air, which enhances combustibility and further improves fuel combustion efficiency.

[0030] (3) The primary combustion platform and the ash removal plate are separate. When removing ash, the combustion point on the primary combustion platform will not be disturbed. Therefore, the operation of removing ash will not extinguish the flame when the small flame is being maintained. This avoids the problem of the conventional combustion furnace's ash removal device being located directly behind the fuel combustion point, which disturbs the combustion point during ash removal.

[0031] (4) The ash and char removal plate referred to in this utility model is quite different from the ash removal device of a conventional combustion furnace. This utility model emphasizes "ash and char removal" rather than just "ash removal" or "slag removal". From the perspective of the application scenarios of biomass burners, almost all biomass fuel raw materials come from rural areas. Crop straw and forest branches are beneficial products of rural areas. When burning them, different degrees of burnout will produce different forms and quantities of ash and char. These ash and char are the best materials for returning to the field to fertilize the land and restore the soil of cultivated land, and should be retained. The burner head of this utility model can control the degree of fuel burnout by adjusting the feeding and ash and char removal ratio according to the different crop straw and forest branches, so as to maximize the control of the ratio of ash and char produced, thereby meeting the needs of the vast rural areas for straw char (wood ash) collection and returning to the field.

[0032] (5) The burner head referred to in this utility model can not only burn biomass pellets, but also burn biomass pulverized material that has only been crushed and not formed. Existing burner heads cannot burn biomass pulverized material. Therefore, the feed hopper of this utility model has a conical discharge port and a feeding agitator is provided in the feed hopper. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the biomass combustion burner in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the biomass combustion furnace head in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the biomass combustion furnace head functional distribution plate in Example 1;

[0036] Figure 4This is an exploded view of the biomass combustion furnace head in Example 1;

[0037] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the air-gathering chamber and the furnace head in Example 1;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the combustion air distribution principle in the air-gathering chamber of Example 1;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake principle of the biomass combustion furnace head in Example 1;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the combustion principle of the biomass combustion burner in Example 1;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the ignition stage of the biomass combustion furnace head in Example 1;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel falling onto the secondary combustion plate and continuing to burn in Example 1;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the ash removal process in Example 1; wherein, (a) is a schematic diagram of the state in which the bottom layer of ash is cleaned to the point of stagnation at the ash outlet; and (b) is a schematic diagram of the state in which the ash is cleaned out of the ash outlet.

[0044] Figure 12 Photos showing different stages of complete combustion of ash and charcoal.

[0045] Figure label:

[0046] 1-Bin; 2-Chassis; 3-Air Concentrator; 31-Secondary Combustion Air Baffle; 32-Tertiary Combustion Air Baffle; 33-Baffle; 4-Furnace Head; 41-Function Distribution Plate; 411-Feed Inlet; 412-Primary Air Inlet; 413-Secondary Air Inlet; 414-Tertiary Air Inlet; 415-Ignition Port; 416-Auxiliary Air Inlet; 42-Primary Combustion Platform; 421-Primary Combustion Air Duct; 43-Secondary Combustion Plate; 431-Secondary Combustion Air Duct; 432-Secondary Combustion Air Duct Outer Sheet; 44-Burnhead; 441-Tertiary Combustion Air Duct; 442-Tertiary Combustion Air Duct Outer Sheet; 45-Outlet Cover; 46-Ash and Carbon Removal Push Plate; 461-Top Rod; 47-Furnace Inner Liner; 5-Stirring Device. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a biomass burner, including a hopper 1, a casing 2, an air-gathering chamber 3, a burner head 4, and an agitator 5. The casing 2 is equipped with a feeder and a combustion-supporting fan. The air-gathering chamber 3 is connected to one side of the functional distribution plate 41 of the burner head 4. Fuel falls from the hopper 1 into the feeder through the agitation of the agitator motor 5 and its own weight. The feeder then delivers the fuel into the combustion chamber through the feed inlet 411 on the functional distribution plate 41. The air from the combustion-supporting fan is gathered in the air-gathering chamber 3 and then delivered into the burner head 4 to provide oxygen for the combustion of the fuel.

[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 2-4 As shown, the outer shell of the burner head 4 consists of a functional distribution plate 41, a secondary combustion air duct outer shell plate 432, a tertiary combustion air duct outer shell plate 442, and an outlet cover plate 45. The interior is a combustion chamber. The functional distribution plate 41 is equipped with a feed inlet 411, a primary air inlet 412, a secondary air inlet 413, a tertiary air inlet 414, an ignition port 415, and an auxiliary air inlet 416. The feed inlet 411 is located in the middle of the functional distribution plate 41. The primary air inlet 412 is located directly below the feed inlet 411. The secondary air inlet 413 is divided into left and right halves, located slightly below and to the sides of the primary air inlet 412, respectively, and its overall distribution is arc-shaped. There are three tertiary air inlets 414, which are distributed in a "U" shape on both sides and above the feed inlet 411. An ignition port 415 is provided at the lower left corner of the feed inlet 411 to ignite the fuel on the primary combustion platform 42. Several auxiliary air inlets 416 are provided on both sides of the feed inlet 411 to further supplement oxygen into the combustion chamber.

[0051] like Figure 5-6As shown, the end of the air-gathering chamber 3 that connects to the burner head 4 has the same shape as the functional distribution plate 41, so that the combustion air in the air-gathering chamber 3 can smoothly enter the burner head 4. Specifically, the air-gathering chamber 3 is equipped with an aluminum secondary combustion air agitator 31 and a tertiary combustion air agitator 32. The secondary combustion air agitator 31 is generally V-shaped, with its right end hinged to the body of the air-gathering chamber 3 and its left end extending in an arc shape towards the air inlet, so that the left end of the secondary combustion air agitator 31 has an open cavity structure. When there is no air or the air is weak, the bottom end of the secondary combustion air agitator 31 contacts the bottom of the air-gathering chamber 3, blocking the combustion air from entering the secondary combustion air duct 431; when the combustion air is strong, the combustion air will act on the extended part, causing the secondary combustion air agitator 31 to rise, so that the combustion air can enter the secondary combustion air duct 431 through the secondary combustion air outlet. The tertiary combustion air baffle 32 is located at the top, with its upper end hinged to the top of the air-gathering chamber 3. A partition 33 is installed between the primary and tertiary combustion air outlets. The tertiary combustion air baffle 32 is located between the top of the air-gathering chamber 3 and the partition 33, and is tilted at a certain angle. When there is no wind or the wind is weak, the tertiary combustion air baffle 32 falls naturally, blocking the combustion air from entering the tertiary combustion air duct 441. When the combustion air is strong, the tertiary combustion air baffle 32 will be gradually blown up, allowing the combustion air to enter the tertiary combustion air duct 441. Specifically, when the wind force is too weak to move the secondary and tertiary combustion air baffles 31 and 32, most of the combustion air entering the air-gathering chamber 3 enters the primary combustion air duct 421 only from the primary combustion air outlet. As the air volume increases, the secondary combustion air damper 31 and the tertiary combustion air damper 32 are gradually blown up, and the air volume of the secondary combustion air outlet and the tertiary combustion air outlet gradually increases.

[0052] like Figure 7 As shown, the combustion chamber is equipped with a primary combustion platform 42, a secondary combustion plate 43, a combustion head 44, a furnace inner liner 47, and a ash removal device. The primary combustion platform 42 is located at the feed inlet 411 and is shaped like a "┐" so that it forms a primary combustion air duct 421 with the secondary combustion plate 43. It is provided with several primary air inlets so that the primary combustion air entering the primary combustion air duct 421 through the primary air inlet 412 can rise to the primary combustion platform 42 through the primary air inlets, thereby providing sufficient oxygen for the fuel combustion on the primary combustion platform 42.

[0053] The secondary combustion plate 43 is located below the primary combustion platform 42. It extends from one side of the functional distribution plate 41 to the side of the outlet cover plate 45. Below it is the secondary combustion air duct shell plate 432. The secondary combustion air duct 431 is formed between the functional distribution plate 41 and the secondary combustion air duct shell plate 432. The secondary combustion plate 43 is provided with several secondary air inlets. The secondary combustion air that enters the secondary combustion air duct 431 through the secondary air inlet 413 can rise to the secondary combustion plate 43 through the secondary air inlets, thereby providing oxygen for the fuel that rolls onto the secondary combustion plate after primary combustion to be further burned. Preferably, the secondary air inlets can be arranged in such a way that the air volume gradually decreases from one end near the primary combustion platform 42 to the other end of the outlet cover plate 45. This can be achieved by increasing the density (number) of the secondary air inlets at one end of the primary combustion platform 42 or increasing the diameter of the secondary air inlets at one end of the primary combustion platform 42. By increasing the air volume at one end of the primary combustion platform 42, the secondary combustion air can be more concentrated in the area where the fuel is piled up, thereby making the combustion more concentrated.

[0054] The burner head 44 is located on the furnace inner liner 47 above the secondary combustion plate 43. A tertiary combustion air duct 441 is formed between the furnace inner liner 47 and the outer shell plate 442 of the tertiary combustion air duct. The burner head 44 is a tapered cone shape to make the outlet flame more concentrated. Several tertiary air inlets are provided on the side wall of the cone. The tertiary combustion air that enters the tertiary combustion air duct 441 through the tertiary air inlet 414 can enter the burner head through the tertiary air inlet to provide oxygen for the flue gas generated after secondary combustion to undergo tertiary combustion.

[0055] The heat generated during the three combustion processes of the fuel in the three zones is transferred to the primary combustion air duct 421, the secondary combustion air duct 431, and the tertiary combustion air duct 441, respectively. This heat will heat the air intake in each zone, thereby avoiding the negative impact of low air intake temperature and ensuring complete combustion.

[0056] like Figure 8-9 As shown, in the initial stage of ignition, the fuel in the silo 1 is sent to the primary combustion platform 42 through the feed port 411. The high-temperature air from the ignition rod is blown out from the ignition port 415 onto the fuel for ignition. The fuel undergoes primary combustion on the primary combustion platform 42. The primary combustion air is sent to the primary combustion platform 42 through the primary combustion air duct 421. Here, some of the moisture in the fuel evaporates and volatiles are released. Some of the fuel mixes with the released volatiles and air to reach the ignition concentration and temperature, thus completing the primary combustion.

[0057] like Figure 10As shown, as the fuel supply gradually increases, the fuel on the primary combustion plate 42 will gradually accumulate as combustion needs are met. When the fuel has accumulated to a certain amount, the fuel that has completed the first stage of primary combustion will fall onto the secondary combustion plate to continue burning. The furnace temperature and the temperature of the fuel itself will further increase. More volatiles will be released and ignited here, releasing heat and further increasing the temperature inside the combustion chamber. A large amount of solid fuel will coke here and be heated to a higher temperature and burn violently.

[0058] like Figure 8 As shown, unburned or partially reduced combustible gases reach the upper part of the furnace body with the heat flow and then flow towards the outlet of the burner head 44. Upon reaching the tertiary combustion zone, the tertiary combustion air duct 441 provides sufficient oxygen, enabling the combustible gas to undergo a tertiary combustion. This invention achieves tertiary combustion of fuel through three independent air supplies, effectively improving fuel combustion efficiency.

[0059] Furthermore, the ash removal device includes: an ash outlet and an ash removal pusher 46. The ash outlet is located at an outlet cover plate 45, which is hinged to the combustion chamber. The ash removal pusher 46 has the same shape as the secondary combustion plate 43 and fits against the upper surface of the secondary combustion plate 43. The ash removal pusher 46 is configured to move along the upper surface of the combustion plate 43. Fuel falls from the primary combustion platform 42 onto the secondary combustion plate for secondary combustion, forming ash. Two push rods 461 are provided on both sides of the ash removal pusher 46, which extend towards the outlet cover plate 45 as the ash removal pusher moves, lifting the outlet cover plate 45. Figure 11 As shown, during ash removal, the ash removal pusher plate 46 moves towards the ash outlet. The pushing, shoveling, and pulling forces generated by this movement cause the bottom layer of ash and burning fuel on the secondary combustion plate to move forward. As the end of the pusher plate 46's stroke approaches, the ash that has accumulated at the ash outlet is squeezed out of the combustion chamber. Additionally, when the ash removal plate 46 begins to move, the burning fuel accumulated at the junction of the primary and secondary combustion plates loses its lower support and falls onto the forward-moving ash removal plate 46, moving with it. Upon reaching the end of its stroke, the ash removal plate 46 automatically retracts and resets. At the beginning of the retraction and reset process, the bottom layer of ash and unburned fuel, which are at the front of the ash removal plate 46 but not on the ash removal plate, will remain at the ash outlet. When the ash removal plate 46 runs again, they will be squeezed out in the same way. The bottom layer of ash and unburned fuel on the ash removal plate 46 will fall onto the secondary combustion plate as the ash removal plate retracts. This cycle repeats.

[0060] The outlet cover 45, located at the ash outlet, is hinged to the combustion chamber. When the ash removal plate 46 moves towards the ash outlet, the ash retained at the outlet is squeezed and pressed tightly against the outlet cover 45. When the ash removal plate 46 moves to a certain extent, two push rods 461, connected to the push rod of the ash removal plate 46 and located on the left and right sides, extend from both sides of the secondary combustion air duct, lifting the outlet cover 45. The ash retained and squeezed at the outlet then falls out of the furnace and into the ash collection bin. When the ash removal plate 46 reaches the end of its forward stroke, it automatically retracts and resets. Simultaneously, the push rods 461 that lifted the outlet cover 45 also retract, and the outlet cover 45, having lost its lifting force, falls down to close the ash outlet.

[0061] It should be noted that this utility model uses the term "ash and charcoal" in its description because the burner associated with this utility model is based on agricultural (forestry) straw (branches) as the main fuel source. The aim is to consider that when burning this type of fuel, straw and branches are the main source of biochar (wood ash). Complete combustion produces "ash," while incomplete combustion produces "charcoal." "Charcoal" is the best material for improving farmland soil quality and agroforestry ecology, while "ash" is the component of completely burned fuel, and its nutrient and conditioning properties are far inferior to "charcoal" for farmland and forest land. When the production of "biochar" is required during combustion for heating, the incomplete charcoal can be obtained by simply accelerating the feeding and adjusting the feeding and ash / charcoal removal time ratio. The states of ash and charcoal at each stage are as follows... Figure 12 As shown.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] Relevant tests were conducted on the biomass fragments burning in the furnace head of this invention, and the results are as follows:

[0064] Table 1. Test results of combustion performance of biomass fragments in the burner head of this utility model.

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Table 2. No-load test results of the furnace head combustion smoke straw biomass fragment heating and drying room of this utility model.

[0068]

[0069] Table 3 Test Tables for Burning Tobacco Leaves in the Furnace Head of This Utility Model (for Combustion of Stalks and Biomass Fragments in Heating and Curing Barns)

[0070]

[0071] Table 4. Statistical Analysis of Energy Consumption and Economy of Tobacco Leaf Curing under Different Heating Methods

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] Notes: 1. For biomass pellets and tobacco stalk fragments, 3 workers (three shifts) are needed to oversee 20 curing barns for 50 days, at a daily wage of 150 yuan per person. For pure electric direct heating and heat pump curing barns, 2 workers (two shifts) are needed to oversee 30 curing barns for 50 days, at a daily wage of 150 yuan per person. Estimate the annual labor requirements per curing barn for each type of barn in the table. 2. Biomass pellets use an integrated biomass pellet burner, while tobacco stalk fragments use a dedicated integrated tobacco stalk fragment burner developed by the project team.

[0075] Table 5. Comparison of Cost, Energy Consumption, and Labor Costs of Different Heating Equipment for a Single Tobacco Curing Barn

[0076]

[0077] Note: 1. Heat pump curing barns are calculated based on a load of 4000kg of fresh tobacco leaves per barn per batch, with an average annual production of 3000kg of dry tobacco per barn; 2. Other curing barns are calculated based on a load of 4600kg of fresh tobacco leaves per barn per batch, with an average annual production of 3500kg of dry tobacco per barn; 3. Energy costs for all curing barns include the electricity cost of the circulating fan; 4. Calculated based on: coal-fired curing barns requiring 3 workers (three shifts) to oversee 5 barns for 60 days; biomass pellet and tobacco stalk fragment curing barns requiring 3 workers (three shifts) to oversee 20 barns for 60 days; pure electric direct heating and heat pump curing barns requiring 2 workers (two shifts) to oversee 30 barns for 60 days. The estimated labor force per barn for each type of curing barn over ten years is given in the table; 5. The average daily wage for workers over ten years is calculated at 180 yuan / person; 6. The ten-year output-input ratio is given.

[0078] =Estimated value of tobacco leaves produced over ten years / Total investment over ten years, used to assess the cost-effectiveness of investment. 7. Coal price: 1300 yuan / ton, biomass pellet price: 1000 yuan / ton, tobacco stalk fragment cost: 100 yuan / ton (farmers pay four self-management and one-fee processing fee for tobacco stalk fragments), electricity price: 0.45 yuan / kWh.

[0079] Small fire test statistics table

[0080]

[0081] Note: The burner used in this experiment has a feed pipe diameter of 75mm.

[0082] The experimental data above show that the burner head provided by this invention has good combustion performance, can effectively reduce the cost of use, and has a good ability to maintain a low flame.

[0083] The above-described specific examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains can make various simple deductions, modifications, or substitutions based on the concept of this invention.

Claims

1. A biomass combustion burner head, comprising: A combustion chamber, characterized in that the combustion chamber is provided with at least three combustion zones along the fuel combustion process direction, and each combustion zone is independently supplied with air by a combustion-supporting air duct; The primary combustion zone is located at the feed inlet (411), and the final combustion zone is located at the combustion head (44). The primary combustion zone is a primary combustion platform (42) located at the feed inlet (411), and below the primary combustion platform (42) is a primary combustion air duct (421).

2. The biomass combustion furnace head as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion zone includes a primary combustion zone, a secondary combustion zone and a tertiary combustion zone, wherein the secondary combustion zone is located after the primary combustion zone and the tertiary combustion zone is located at the burner head (44); The combustion chamber is also provided with a secondary combustion-supporting air duct (431) and a tertiary combustion-supporting air duct (441). The secondary combustion-supporting air duct (431) is used to supply air to the secondary combustion zone, and the tertiary combustion-supporting air duct (441) is used to supply air to the tertiary combustion zone.

3. The biomass combustion furnace head as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The primary combustion platform (42) is shaped like a "┐" and has a primary air inlet.

4. The biomass combustion furnace head as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A secondary combustion plate (43) is provided below the side of the primary combustion platform (42) away from the feed inlet (411). The secondary combustion plate (43) is provided with a secondary air inlet. The secondary combustion air duct (431) is located below the secondary combustion plate (43). After the fuel continuously enters the primary combustion platform (42), it accumulates and burns on the primary combustion platform (42). As the fuel is continuously supplied and accumulated on the primary combustion platform (42), the fuel that has completed the primary combustion but has not been burned falls onto the secondary combustion plate (43) for secondary combustion.

5. The biomass combustion furnace head as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The tertiary combustion air duct (441) is located at the top and around the side wall of the combustion chamber. The combustion air entering the tertiary combustion air duct (441) flows with the air duct to the side wall and top of the combustion head. The side wall and top of the combustion head are provided with tertiary air inlets.

6. The biomass combustion furnace head as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The three combustion-supporting air ducts are located on the two sides and top of the upper half of the combustion chamber, and the combustion head (44) is a cone with three air inlets around its perimeter, with the combustion head (44) being larger at the bottom and smaller at the top.

7. The biomass combustion furnace head according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The combustion chamber is equipped with an ash removal device, which includes: The ash outlet is located at the end of the combustion chamber away from the feed inlet (411); The ash removal pusher (46) is located above the secondary combustion plate (43), fits and adheres to the secondary combustion plate (43), and has the same shape as the secondary combustion plate (43). When the ash removal pusher (46) moves horizontally on the secondary combustion plate (43), it scoops in from below the fuel on the secondary combustion plate (43), and when it scoops, it drives the fuel to move towards the ash outlet. When removing ash and char, the ash and char removal pusher (46) moves toward the ash and char outlet end, causing the bottom layer of ash and char on the secondary combustion plate (43) and the fuel that is burning to move forward. As the end of the pushing stroke approaches, the ash and char that is stuck at the ash and char outlet will be squeezed out of the combustion chamber. In addition, when the ash and char removal pusher starts to move, the fuel that is piled up at the junction of the primary combustion plate (42) and the secondary combustion plate (43) loses the support of the lower layer and falls onto the forward-moving ash and char removal pusher (46) and moves with it. When the pusher reaches the end of the propulsion stroke, the ash removal pusher (46) is reset. When the reset process begins, the ash that is at the front end of the ash removal pusher (46) but not on the ash removal pusher (46) will remain at the ash outlet. When the ash removal pusher (46) runs again, it will be squeezed out in the same way. The bottom ash and unburned fuel on the ash removal pusher (46) will fall onto the secondary combustion plate (43) as the ash removal pusher (46) moves backward.

8. The biomass combustion furnace head as described in claim 7, characterized in that, An outlet cover (45) is provided at the ash outlet. The outlet cover (45) is hinged to the combustion chamber and connected to the ash removal push plate (46). When the ash removal push plate (46) moves horizontally, it drives the outlet cover (45) to open and close.

9. The biomass combustion furnace head as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The outlet cover (45) is pushed by two push rods (461) on the left and right sides, and the roots of the two push rods (461) are connected to the push rod of the ash and carbon removal push plate (46).

10. The biomass combustion furnace head as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The secondary air inlets are arranged in such a way that the air volume gradually decreases from the end closest to the primary combustion platform (42) to the end furthest from the primary combustion platform (42).

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