Special thermal densification machine for saggar with downward opening

Abstract

The special thermal densification machine for the saggar with the downward opening comprises a machine body, an action mechanism and a control system, and the control system is electrically connected with the action mechanism. The machine body is sequentially provided with a first movable support, a second movable support, a third movable support and a fixed support from bottom to top, the action mechanism comprises three groups of power mechanisms and a guide column assembly, and the three movable supports slide up and down along the guide column assembly under the driving of the respective power mechanisms; a containing space is formed between every two adjacent supports, the second movable support is provided with a first through hole allowing a mold to penetrate through, and the third movable support is provided with a second through hole allowing the mold to penetrate through. The whole mechanism is reasonable in design, diversified in function and compact in machine body, and can replace heavy general equipment, so that the energy consumption is reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and high-quality and stable high-quality products can be produced in batches; by adjusting the control system, products of different heights and specifications can be produced through one mold, and a large amount of investment is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of thermal densification crucible design technology, and in particular to a special machine for thermal densification of a crucible with an opening facing downwards. Background Technology

[0002] The sagger is the best special high-temperature container for smelting metals and non-metals. It has good thermal conductivity and thermal stability, which can increase the loading capacity, ensure that the products do not stick together, and improve the yield. It plays a huge role, especially in the purification of positive and negative electrode materials for new energy batteries.

[0003] Currently, there are two sources for saggars on the market:

[0004] 1. The process of purchasing isostatic graphite blocks and machining them is inefficient, costly, and causes serious environmental pollution, and is being phased out on a large scale.

[0005] 2. The production equipment uses large-scale general-purpose equipment, which is tall and heavy. The pressure required during the production process often exceeds 1,500 tons, resulting in problems such as large investment, high energy consumption, and extremely high wear and tear on the supporting molds during production, as well as poor operability. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this utility model provides a special machine for heat densification of crucibles with an opening facing downwards, which can replace bulky general-purpose equipment, reduce energy consumption, improve production efficiency, and produce high-quality products.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a special machine for hot densification of open-down crucibles, including a machine body, an actuating mechanism and a control system, wherein the control system and the actuating mechanism are electrically connected.

[0009] The fuselage is provided with a first movable support, a second movable support, a third movable support, and a fixed support in sequence from bottom to top. The actuation mechanism includes a main power mechanism, a first auxiliary power mechanism, a second auxiliary power mechanism, and a guide column assembly connecting the first movable support, the second movable support, the third movable support, and the fixed support. The main power mechanism is connected to the first movable support, the first auxiliary power mechanism is connected to the second movable support, and the second auxiliary power mechanism is connected to the third movable support. The first movable support, the second movable support, and the third movable support slide up and down along the guide column assembly under the drive of their respective power mechanisms.

[0010] The first movable support, the second movable support, the third movable support and the fixed support form an accommodating space between each other. The second movable support is provided with a first through hole for the mold to pass through, and the third movable support is provided with a second through hole for the mold to pass through.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The fixed support is positioned at the top, and the first, second, and third movable supports, along with the fixed support, form multiple accommodating spaces for mold assembly. The first, second, and third movable supports control the mold cavity formation by sliding up and down. Therefore, the overall design is reasonable, the machine body is compact, and unnecessary mechanisms of general-purpose equipment are reduced. It can replace bulky general-purpose equipment, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving production stability. Simultaneously, high-density products are ejected from under the fixed support from top to bottom, significantly reducing the machine height, facilitating product removal, simplifying production operations, greatly reducing labor intensity, and increasing production efficiency.

[0012] Optionally, the fuselage is further provided with a support base below the first movable support, the main power mechanism is located on the support base, and the first auxiliary power machine and the second auxiliary power mechanism are located on the first movable support.

[0013] As described above, concentrating the main power mechanism under the machine base makes the entire machine's center of gravity stable and facilitates maintenance; at the same time, it has a very good protective effect on the dynamic fit accuracy of large-stroke dies and extends their service life.

[0014] Optionally, the piston of the main power mechanism is connected to the bottom of the first movable support, the drive rod of the first auxiliary power mechanism extends from two opposite sides of the first movable support to the bottom of the second movable support, and the drive rod of the second auxiliary power mechanism extends from the other two opposite sides of the first movable support to the bottom of the third movable support.

[0015] Optionally, the guide post assembly consists of four connecting guide posts, which pass sequentially through the four corners of the first movable support, the second movable support, and the third movable support, and are fixedly connected to the four corners of the fixed support, forming an integrated body that runs the entire length.

[0016] Optionally, the main power mechanism, the first auxiliary power mechanism, and the second auxiliary power mechanism are all hydraulic mechanisms.

[0017] Optionally, both the second and third movable supports are hollow designs.

[0018] As described above, the production height and weight can be further reduced.

[0019] Optionally, it also includes a sagger mold, which includes an upper punch, a middle die, a pressing die, and a lower punch. The upper punch is fixed on a fixed support. The middle die is suspended on the second through hole of the third movable support, and its inner cavity is aligned with the upper punch. The pressing die is assembled on the second movable support and aligned with the inner cavity of the middle die. The lower punch is disposed on the first movable support and passes through the first through hole and is aligned with the inner cavity of the pressing die. The lower punch includes an annular flange disposed in the middle region, and the annular flange can be held in place on the bottom surface of the second movable support.

[0020] The inner wall of the middle mold can move relative to the outer wall of the upper punch and the outer wall of the pressing die simultaneously. The inner wall of the pressing die can move relative to the lower punch. The first end of the lower punch can pass through the pressing die and enter the inner cavity of the middle mold. When the upper punch, the middle mold, the pressing die and the lower punch move to a set position, they form a sagger-shaped cavity.

[0021] As described above, by using the special sagger mold, constant temperature and bidirectional pressure can be achieved, resulting in higher thermal density of the product and thus improving product quality.

[0022] Optionally, the middle mold is a hollow, U-shaped structure forming an inner cavity, and the upper top surface of the middle mold is suspended on the second through hole of the third movable support.

[0023] Optionally, the second movable support is provided with a stepped surface surrounding the first through hole, and the pressing die is provided with an outwardly extending base, the base being located on the stepped surface.

[0024] Optionally, the sagger mold is a heat-conducting metal part, and a plurality of heating components are arranged around the cavity inside the sagger mold, and the heating components are electrically connected to the control system;

[0025] The heating assembly includes heating rods and heating elements. The heating rods are evenly distributed in the first ends of the middle mold and the lower punch. Multiple heating elements are evenly distributed in the end of the upper punch near the middle mold.

[0026] As can be seen from the above description, the heating components are distributed in various parts of the sagger mold, and the temperature control design is within the control system, which is reliable and highly operable. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the downward-opening sagger heat densification machine of this utility model without the sagger mold placed in it;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the sagger mold involved in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sagger mold involved in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of region A in the middle.

[0031] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0032] 1. Fuselage; 11. Support base; 12. First movable support; 13. Second movable support; 131. First through hole; 132. Stepped surface; 14. Third movable support; 141. Second through hole; 15. Fixed support;

[0033] 2. Actuating mechanism; 21. Main power mechanism; 22. First auxiliary power mechanism; 23. Second auxiliary power mechanism; 24. Connecting guide column;

[0034] 3. Control system;

[0035] 4. Sagger mold; 41. Upper punch; 42. Middle mold; 43. Pressing die; 431. Base; 44. Lower punch; 441. Annular flange; 442. First end; 45. Heating rod; 46. Heating element;

[0036] 100. Cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 A special machine for heat densifying a downward-opening sagger includes a machine body 1, an actuating mechanism 2, a control system 3, and a sagger mold 4. The control system 3 and the actuating mechanism 2 are electrically connected. In this embodiment, the entire production process is controlled by the control system 3, and various parameters can be set through the operating interface. It can be operated manually or semi-automatically.

[0040] like Figure 1As shown, the fuselage 1 is provided with a support base 11, a first movable support 12, a second movable support 13, a third movable support 14 and a fixed support 15 from bottom to top. The actuation mechanism 2 includes a main power mechanism 21, a first auxiliary power mechanism 22, a second auxiliary power mechanism 23 and a guide column assembly connecting the first movable support 12, the second movable support 13, the third movable support 14 and the fixed support 15.

[0041] The main power mechanism 21 is located on the support base 11, and the first auxiliary power mechanism 22 and the second auxiliary power mechanism 23 are located on the first movable support 12. The main power mechanism 21 is connected to the first movable support 12, the first auxiliary power mechanism 22 is connected to the second movable support 13, and the second auxiliary power mechanism 23 is connected to the third movable support 14. Specifically, the piston of the main power mechanism 21 is connected to the bottom of the first movable support 12. The drive rod of the first auxiliary power mechanism 22 extends from two opposite sides of the first movable support 12 to the bottom of the second movable support 13. At this time, the two opposite sides of the first movable support 12 have clearance openings so that the drive rod of the first auxiliary power mechanism 22 can support the bottom of the second movable support 13. The drive rod of the second auxiliary power mechanism 23 extends from the other two opposite sides of the first movable support 12 to the bottom of the third movable support 14. At this time, the drive rod passes through the second movable support 13 to support the bottom of the second movable support 13. In this embodiment, the main power mechanism 21, the first auxiliary power mechanism 22, and the second auxiliary power mechanism 23 are all hydraulic mechanisms. Specifically, the main power mechanism 21, the first auxiliary power mechanism 22, and the second auxiliary power mechanism 23 are 800-ton hydraulic cylinders, 250-ton hydraulic cylinders, and 150-ton hydraulic cylinders, respectively. This concentrates the power mechanisms below the machine base, making the entire machine's center of gravity stable and facilitating maintenance.

[0042] In this embodiment, the first movable support 12, the second movable support 13, and the third movable support 14 slide up and down along the guide post assembly under the drive of their respective power mechanisms. The guide post assembly consists of four connecting guide posts 24, which pass sequentially through the four corners of the first movable support 12, the second movable support 13, and the third movable support 14 and are fixedly connected to the four corners of the fixed support 15, forming an integrated body that runs the entire length. This ensures the stability and accuracy of the sliding motion as the first movable support 12, the second movable support 13, and the third movable support 14 slide up and down along the four connecting guide posts 24 under the drive of their respective power mechanisms.

[0043] The first movable support 12, the second movable support 13, the third movable support 14 and the fixed support 15 form an accommodating space. The second movable support 13 is provided with a first through hole 131 for the mold to pass through, and the third movable support 14 is provided with a second through hole 141 for the mold to pass through.

[0044] In this embodiment, both the second movable support 13 and the third movable support 14 are hollow designs to reduce the weight of the supports, thereby further reducing the production height and weight.

[0045] like Figures 2 to 4 It is known that the sagger mold 4 includes an upper punch 41, a middle mold 42, a pressing die 43, and a lower punch 44. The upper punch 41 is fixed on the fixed support 15. The middle mold 42 is suspended on the second through hole 141 of the third movable support 14, and its inner cavity is aligned with the upper punch 41. The pressing die 43 is assembled on the second movable support 13 and is aligned with the inner cavity of the middle mold 42. The lower punch 44 is set on the first movable support 12 and passes through the first through hole 131 and is aligned with the inner cavity of the pressing die 43. The lower punch 44 includes an annular flange 441 set in the middle area. The annular flange 441 can be held in place on the bottom surface of the second movable support 13.

[0046] The inner wall of the middle mold 42 can move relative to the outer wall of the upper punch 41 and the outer wall of the blank holder 43 simultaneously. The inner wall of the blank holder 43 can move relative to the lower punch 44. The first end 442 of the lower punch 44 can pass through the blank holder 43 and enter the inner cavity of the middle mold 42. When the upper punch 41, middle mold 42, blank holder 43, and lower punch 44 move to a set position, they form a sagger-shaped cavity 100. Thus, by adjusting the upper punch 41, middle mold 42, blank holder 43, and lower punch 44 through the control system 3, products with different bottom thicknesses and heights can be produced, achieving multi-purpose use of a single mold, reducing the number of molds required, and thus reducing production and maintenance costs.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 It can be seen that the middle mold 42 is a hollow, U-shaped structure forming an inner cavity, and the top surface of the middle mold 42 is suspended on the second through hole 141 of the third movable support 14.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 It is known that and Figure 2 It can be seen that the second movable support 13 is provided with a surrounding stepped surface 132 on the outside of the first through hole 131, and the pressing die 43 is provided with an outwardly extending base 431. The base 431 is located on the stepped surface 132. At this time, the inner cavity of the pressing die 43 is aligned with the pressing die 43.

[0049] In this embodiment, the sagger mold 4 is a heat-conducting metal component, made of high-quality mold steel. Multiple heating elements are arranged around the cavity 100 within the sagger mold 4, and these heating elements are electrically connected to the control system 3. For example... Figure 3As shown, the heating assembly includes heating rods 45 and heating elements 46. The heating rods 45 are evenly distributed within the first end 442 of the middle mold 42 and the lower punch 44, while multiple heating elements 46 are evenly distributed within the end of the upper punch 41 near the middle mold 42. Thus, the temperature control design is integrated into the control system 3, ensuring reliable performance and high operability. Simultaneously, the even distribution of heating rods 45 and heating elements 46 around the cavity 100 ensures uniform heating within the cavity 100.

[0050] Therefore, the working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0051] (1) Start-up and warm-up

[0052] The machine is started without load, and the heating components are controlled to ensure that all parts of the sagger mold 4 reach the specified temperature.

[0053] (2) Mold opening filler

[0054] Adjust the lifting distance of the second auxiliary power mechanism 23 according to product requirements to form a material cavity, and place the raw materials in the material cavity;

[0055] (3) Closed mold pressure

[0056] The main power mechanism 21 is raised, which drives the first movable support 12 and the lower punch 44 to rise. Since the annular flange 441 is held by the bottom surface of the second movable support 13, the second movable support 13 and the pressure die 43 are also raised. At the same time, since the second auxiliary power mechanism 23 is located on the second movable support 13, the third movable support 14 and the middle die 42 are also raised. The pressure is applied to the raw material when the upper punch 41 is in contact with the lower punch 44. When the distance between the upper punch 41 and the lower punch 44 reaches the required thickness, the main power mechanism 21 stops rising and continues to hold the pressure.

[0057] (4) Reverse pressure

[0058] The first auxiliary power mechanism 22 drives the pressing mold 43 to rise through the second movable support 13, which in turn presses against the four sides of the sagger until the product height is reached. The first auxiliary power mechanism 22 then stops rising and continues to keep the temperature and pressure under the combined action of positive and negative pressure. The raw materials in the cavity 5 efficiently form a perfect sagger under the action of physicochemical processes.

[0059] Among them, adjusting the reverse force of the pressing die 43 can greatly improve the quality of the sagger and extend its service life.

[0060] (5) Depressurize and demold

[0061] After the specified time is reached, the main power mechanism 21 releases pressure and returns to its original position, causing the lower punch 44 to return to its original position. The first auxiliary power mechanism 22 releases pressure and returns to its original position, causing the pressing die 43 to return to its original position. At this time, the second auxiliary power mechanism 23 pushes the middle die 42 upward in the opposite direction, and the sagger product is pushed out from below the middle die 42 by the upper punch 41 in the opposite direction.

[0062] This process is repeated to complete the production of the sagger products.

[0063] The thermally dense graphite sagger developed in this utility model combines a mold with a special machine and specially formulated raw materials. Through processes such as heating the raw materials and applying high pressure to the sealed raw materials in both directions, a high-quality and efficient product is obtained. This solution has never existed in the previous molding industry and is a radical innovation. It can greatly improve the adaptability and service life of the product and is an indispensable special machine tool in new energy precursors.

[0064] Therefore, this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0065] 1. The overall design is reasonable and the machine body is compact. It reduces some unnecessary parts of general equipment, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving product reliability. In actual use, it replaces the traditional large equipment that requires more than 1,500 tons of pressure with only 800 tons of pressure. It can achieve the performance of traditional 1,500-2,000 tons of pressure, and the energy consumption is reduced by about 75%, while the service life of the sagger is increased several times.

[0066] 2. By concentrating the power unit and oil tank at the bottom of the machine, the machine's center of gravity becomes stable, and maintenance and upkeep are facilitated. The low machine height and bottom-mounted product ejection make product removal easy, simplifying production operations, significantly reducing labor intensity, and improving production efficiency.

[0067] 3. The product is heated and pressurized in both directions to achieve thermal densification, thereby improving product quality.

[0068] 4. Adjusting the parameters of the control system 3 enables the sagger mold 4 to produce products of different heights, thus enabling it to be used for multiple purposes and thus having a wide range of applications.

[0069] The opening-down sagger hot densification machine of this embodiment has the advantages of optimized structure, low energy consumption, high production stability, simple production operation, low labor intensity, good product quality and wide applicability.

[0070] Therefore, it should be noted that the specific selection of each module in this embodiment is a specific example. In other equivalent embodiments, models that can meet the corresponding functions can be used for replacement.

[0071] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0072] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0073] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0074] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0075] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special machine for hot densification of a crucible with an opening facing downwards, characterized in that, It includes a fuselage, an actuation mechanism, and a control system, wherein the control system and the actuation mechanism are electrically connected; The fuselage is provided with a first movable support, a second movable support, a third movable support, and a fixed support in sequence from bottom to top. The actuation mechanism includes a main power mechanism, a first auxiliary power mechanism, a second auxiliary power mechanism, and a guide column assembly connecting the first movable support, the second movable support, the third movable support, and the fixed support. The main power mechanism is connected to the first movable support, the first auxiliary power mechanism is connected to the second movable support, and the second auxiliary power mechanism is connected to the third movable support. The first movable support, the second movable support, and the third movable support slide up and down along the guide column assembly under the drive of their respective power mechanisms. The first movable support, the second movable support, the third movable support and the fixed support form an accommodating space between each other. The second movable support is provided with a first through hole for the mold to pass through, and the third movable support is provided with a second through hole for the mold to pass through.

2. The downward-opening crucible heat densification machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuselage is further provided with a support base below the first movable support, the main power mechanism is located on the support base, and the first auxiliary power machine and the second auxiliary power mechanism are located on the first movable support.

3. The downward-opening crucible heat densification machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The piston of the main power mechanism is connected to the bottom of the first movable support, the drive rod of the first auxiliary power mechanism extends from two opposite sides of the first movable support to the bottom of the second movable support, and the drive rod of the second auxiliary power mechanism extends from the other two opposite sides of the first movable support to the bottom of the third movable support.

4. The downward-opening crucible heat densification machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide post assembly consists of four connecting guide posts. The four connecting guide posts pass through the four corners of the first movable support, the second movable support, and the third movable support in sequence and are fixedly connected to the four corners of the fixed support, forming an integrated body that runs the entire length.

5. The downward-opening sagger heat densification machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main power mechanism, the first auxiliary power mechanism, and the second auxiliary power mechanism are all hydraulic mechanisms.

6. The downward-opening crucible heat densification machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the second and third movable supports are hollow designs.

7. The downward-opening crucible heat densification machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sagger mold, which includes an upper punch, a middle die, a pressing die, and a lower punch. The upper punch is fixed on a fixed support. The middle die is suspended on the second through hole of the third movable support, and its inner cavity is aligned with the upper punch. The pressing die is assembled on the second movable support and aligned with the inner cavity of the middle die. The lower punch is disposed on the first movable support and passes through the first through hole and is aligned with the inner cavity of the pressing die. The lower punch includes an annular flange disposed in the middle region, and the annular flange can be held in place on the bottom surface of the second movable support. The inner wall of the middle mold can move relative to the outer wall of the upper punch and the outer wall of the pressing die simultaneously. The inner wall of the pressing die can move relative to the lower punch. The first end of the lower punch can pass through the pressing die and enter the inner cavity of the middle mold. When the upper punch, the middle mold, the pressing die and the lower punch move to a set position, a sagger-shaped cavity is formed.

8. The downward-opening crucible heat densification machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The middle mold is a hollow, U-shaped structure with an inner cavity, and the top surface of the middle mold is suspended on the second through hole of the third movable support.

9. The downward-opening crucible heat densification machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second movable support has a stepped surface surrounding the first through hole, and the pressing die has an outwardly extending base located on the stepped surface.

10. The downward-opening crucible heat densification machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sagger mold is a heat-conducting metal part, and multiple heating components are arranged around the cavity inside the sagger mold. The heating components are electrically connected to the control system. The heating assembly includes heating rods and heating elements. The heating rods are evenly distributed in the first ends of the middle mold and the lower punch. Multiple heating elements are evenly distributed in the end of the upper punch near the middle mold.

Images