Charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate battery

Abstract

The utility model provides a charging and discharging circuit for a lithium iron phosphate battery, which comprises a master control circuit, the master control circuit is electrically connected with a charging and discharging interface circuit, the charging and discharging interface circuit is connected with the battery, the charging and discharging interface circuit is electrically connected with a charging and discharging interface anti-static circuit, and the charging and discharging interface anti-static circuit is electrically connected with a charging and discharging interface. And the main control circuit is electrically connected with a secondary over-charge and over-discharge protection circuit. Through charge-discharge electrostatic protection measures, potential safety hazards and equipment damage caused by electrostatic accumulation in the connection process of the charge-discharge interface of the equipment are avoided. And more comprehensive battery state management is provided by multi-level over-charge and over-discharge protection measures, adjustment can be quickly made when the battery voltage is close to the limit, and the potential influence of an abnormal state on the service life of the battery is prevented. Dynamic adjustment of voltage management can adapt to voltage requirements in different working states, the energy utilization efficiency of the battery is improved, and energy waste and unstable equipment performance caused by voltage mismatching are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of charging protection circuit technology, and in particular to a charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate batteries. Background Technology

[0002] The field of charging protection circuit technology mainly involves equalization charging and overcharge protection technologies for battery packs, and is widely used in various battery systems such as lithium-ion battery packs, nickel-metal hydride battery packs, and lithium iron phosphate battery packs. In systems with multiple batteries connected in series, due to differences in capacity, internal resistance, and aging levels among individual battery cells, charging can lead to some cells being overcharged while others are undercharged. Equalization charging protection circuits monitor the voltage or capacity of each battery cell in real time, identify and adjust the charging current of each cell to achieve a balanced state, thereby extending the overall lifespan of the battery pack and improving charging and discharging efficiency. This circuit typically has multiple protection functions, including overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, and short circuit protection, to ensure the safety of the battery pack under efficient equalization charging conditions.

[0003] The lack of a robust electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection mechanism in existing technologies leads to potential ESD buildup during charging and discharging interface connections. This increases the risk of damage to internal components due to ESD, particularly in low humidity or frequent plugging and unplugging operations. Single-level overcharge and over-discharge protection measures are insufficient in responding to changes in battery state, especially when the battery voltage approaches its limits, resulting in a shortened battery life and performance degradation. Therefore, improvements are needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate batteries, which more precisely resolves the problem of static electricity buildup that may occur during charging and discharging interface connections, thereby increasing the risk of damage to internal components due to electrostatic discharge.

[0005] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model proposes a charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate batteries, including a main control circuit. The main control circuit is electrically connected to a charging and discharging interface circuit, which is connected to the battery. The charging and discharging interface circuit is electrically connected to a charging and discharging interface anti-static circuit, and the main control circuit is electrically connected to a two-stage overcharge and over-discharge protection circuit.

[0007] Preferably, the main control circuit is electrically connected to a power display circuit. Here, power information can be displayed.

[0008] Preferably, the anti-static circuit of the charging and discharging interface includes an A1 port ESD line, a C1 port ESD line, and a C2 port ESD line.

[0009] Preferably, the main control circuit is electrically connected to a buck-boost circuit, which includes a boost circuit and a buck circuit. This improves versatility.

[0010] Preferably, the secondary overcharge and over-discharge protection circuit includes an overcharge protection circuit and an over-discharge protection circuit. This effectively prevents overcharging and over-discharging.

[0011] Preferably, the main control circuit is mounted on a printed circuit board.

[0012] Preferably, the charging / discharging interface circuit includes a fast charging mode and a standard charging mode. This allows for both fast and slow charging.

[0013] Preferably, the power display circuit includes a current sensor and a current sensor for real-time monitoring of battery status.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] This invention employs electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection measures during charging and discharging to prevent safety hazards and equipment damage caused by static electricity buildup during connection of the charging and discharging interface. Multi-layered overcharge and over-discharge protection provides more comprehensive battery status management, enabling rapid adjustments when the battery voltage approaches its limit, preventing potential impacts of abnormal conditions on battery life. Dynamic voltage management adapts to voltage requirements under different operating conditions, improving battery energy utilization efficiency and avoiding energy waste and equipment performance instability caused by voltage mismatch. The power display function provides real-time feedback on the remaining battery capacity, giving users a clear understanding of the battery status, facilitating rational equipment usage, and reducing the inconvenience of sudden power outages. In summary, this invention achieves high safety, stability, and efficient energy utilization during charging and discharging, extending the overall battery life and optimizing the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the main control circuit in a charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate batteries according to this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a step-up / step-down circuit in the charging and discharging circuit of a lithium iron phosphate battery according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of a power display circuit in a charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate batteries according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of an anti-static circuit for the charging and discharging interface in a charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate batteries, according to this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the charging and discharging interface circuit in a charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate batteries according to this utility model.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of a two-stage overcharge and over-discharge protection circuit in the charging and discharging circuit of a lithium iron phosphate battery according to the present invention.

[0022] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0023] 1. Main control circuit; 2. Charging and discharging interface circuit; 3. Anti-static circuit for charging and discharging interface; 4. Two-stage overcharge and over-discharge protection circuit; 5. Buck-boost circuit; 6. Power display circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To more clearly and completely illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further explain this utility model.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1-6 This invention proposes a charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate batteries, including a main control circuit 1. The main control circuit 1 is electrically connected to a charging and discharging interface circuit 2, which is used for battery charging and discharging connections in the device. The charging and discharging interface circuit 2 can be connected to the battery by welding or bolting, ensuring the reliability and stability of the electrical connection and facilitating subsequent maintenance. The charging and discharging interface circuit 2 is electrically connected to a charging and discharging interface anti-static circuit 3, which includes ESD lines at ports A1, C1, and C2, used to protect against static electricity during charging and discharging, avoiding safety hazards and equipment damage caused by static electricity accumulation. The ESD lines at ports A1, C1, and C2 can be composed of components such as electrostatic protection diodes and resistors, providing excellent electrostatic protection performance. They can also be mounted on the circuit board via SMD surface mount technology, ensuring a compact structure and stable protection effect. The main control circuit 1 is mounted on a printed circuit board. The charging and discharging interface circuit 2 includes a fast charging mode and a standard charging mode. The power display circuit 6 includes a current sensor and a current sensor for real-time monitoring of battery status.

[0026] The main control circuit 1 is electrically connected to a two-stage overcharge and over-discharge protection circuit 4, which includes an overcharge protection circuit and an over-discharge protection circuit. The overcharge protection circuit uses a combination of a MOSFET and a current detection circuit to promptly detect and cut off the overcharge current, preventing the battery voltage from exceeding the safe range. The over-discharge protection circuit uses a combination of a voltage detection chip and a circuit breaker to monitor the battery voltage in real time and immediately cut off the current when the voltage is too low, protecting battery life. The two-stage overcharge and over-discharge protection circuit 4 is modularly designed and installed on the main control circuit 1 board, facilitating replacement and maintenance while ensuring system safety and reliability. This provides more comprehensive battery status management and prevents the potential impact of abnormal conditions on battery life.

[0027] Furthermore, the main control circuit 1 is electrically connected to a buck-boost circuit 5, which includes a boost circuit and a buck circuit. The boost circuit can use a Boost circuit combining an inductor, capacitor, and switching transistor to provide boost functionality; the buck circuit uses a Buck circuit combining an inductor and switching transistor to provide buck functionality. The buck-boost circuit 5 is soldered onto the main control circuit 1 via PCB, ensuring stable power supply voltage and dynamically adjusting it according to the needs of different operating states. This improves battery energy utilization efficiency and avoids energy waste and equipment performance instability caused by voltage mismatch. Simultaneously, this soldered mounting structure effectively reduces contact resistance and improves the overall circuit efficiency.

[0028] The main control circuit 1 is electrically connected to the power display circuit 6, which displays the remaining battery power in real time, allowing users to easily monitor the device's battery level. The power display circuit 6 includes a digital code tube and power indicator lights for illumination, displaying power information via LEDs or an LCD screen. The digital code tube can be securely mounted on the display panel with screws for easy observation; the power indicator lights can be surface-mounted on the circuit board for intuitive power feedback. This design not only provides real-time feedback on the current remaining battery capacity, giving users a clear understanding of the battery status, but also facilitates the rational management of device usage, reduces the inconvenience of sudden power outages, and thus improves the user experience.

[0029] In this embodiment, electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection measures prevent safety hazards and equipment damage caused by static electricity buildup during the connection of the charging and discharging interfaces. Multi-layered overcharge and over-discharge protection provides more comprehensive battery status management, enabling rapid adjustments when the battery voltage approaches its limit, preventing potential impacts of abnormal conditions on battery life. Dynamic voltage management adapts to voltage requirements under different operating conditions, improving battery energy utilization efficiency and avoiding energy waste and equipment performance instability caused by voltage mismatch. The power display function provides real-time feedback on the current remaining battery capacity, giving users a clear understanding of the battery status, facilitating reasonable device usage planning, and reducing the inconvenience of sudden power outages. In summary, this invention achieves high safety, stability, and efficient energy utilization during the charging and discharging process, extending the overall battery pack lifespan and optimizing the user experience.

[0030] Of course, there may be other implementations of this utility model. Based on this implementation, other implementations obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort are all within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate batteries, characterized in that, It includes a main control circuit, which is electrically connected to a charging / discharging interface circuit. The charging / discharging interface circuit is connected to the battery. The charging / discharging interface circuit is electrically connected to a charging / discharging interface anti-static circuit. The main control circuit is electrically connected to a two-stage overcharge and over-discharge protection circuit.

2. The charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control circuit is electrically connected to a power display circuit.

3. The charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-static circuit of the charging and discharging interface includes ESD lines for port A1, port C1, and port C2.

4. The charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control circuit is electrically connected to a step-up / step-down circuit, which includes a step-up circuit and a step-down circuit.

5. The charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary overcharge and over-discharge protection circuit includes an overcharge protection circuit and an over-discharge protection circuit.

6. The charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control circuit is mounted on a printed circuit board.

7. The charging and discharging circuit for lithium iron phosphate batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging and discharging interface circuit includes a fast charging mode and a standard charging mode.

8. A charging and discharging circuit for a lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power display circuit includes a current sensor and a current sensor for real-time monitoring of battery status.

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