Battery low-power protection circuit applied to lead-acid battery product
The low battery protection circuit designed with hardware circuitry solves the problems of high cost and inability to achieve zero power consumption caused by software control load in traditional lead-acid battery products, and achieves low-cost battery protection and extended battery life.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423145807.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-19
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the technical problem that traditional lead-acid battery products cannot effectively solve when detecting voltage is that they need to control the load through software, which leads to high costs and cannot achieve zero-power battery protection.
It employs a hardware circuit design, including components such as transistors, capacitors, resistors, and diodes, to achieve low battery protection by shutting off battery power through hardware, thus avoiding software-controlled load.
It achieves low-cost battery protection, extends battery life, avoids damage from over-discharge, and achieves zero power consumption.
Smart Images
Figure CN223625609U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lead-acid battery products, and in particular to a low-power protection circuit for lead-acid battery products. Background Technology
[0002] Traditional lead-acid battery products mostly use software to detect voltage and then control the load through software, without hardware-based battery shutdown. Because traditional solutions use software to detect voltage, a dedicated chip is needed for voltage protection, which increases costs. Circuits without protection cannot achieve zero power consumption, and over time, this can cause irreversible damage to the battery. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model embodiment is to provide a low battery protection circuit for lead-acid battery products, so as to realize low battery protection in hardware.
[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a low-power protection circuit for lead-acid battery products. The circuit includes a lead-acid battery and a chip power supply control circuit, as well as transistors Q1 and Q2, diodes D8 and D9, capacitor EC1, and resistors R5, R6, R7, R9, and R10. The emitter of transistor Q2 is connected to the positive terminal of the lead-acid battery, and the base of transistor Q2 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D8. The collector of transistor Q2 is connected to the chip power supply control circuit and the negative terminal of diode D9. The negative terminal of diode D8 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q2 and the collector of transistor Q1 through resistors R5 and R6, respectively. The emitter of transistor Q1 is grounded. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D9 and one end of resistors R9, capacitor EC1, and resistor R10 through resistor R7. The other end of resistors R9 and capacitor EC1 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q2, and the other end of resistor R10 is grounded.
[0005] Furthermore, it also includes a self-locking button K1 and a fuse F1. The emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the positive terminal of the lead-acid battery through the self-locking button K1 and the fuse F1 connected in series.
[0006] Furthermore, it also includes diodes D3 and D4. The negative terminals of diodes D3 and D4 are connected together, the positive terminal of diode D4 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q2, and the positive terminal of diode D3 is used as the positive terminal of the external power supply.
[0007] Furthermore, the chip power supply control circuit includes transistor Q4, resistor R14, capacitor C4, capacitor C5, and diode D11. The collector of transistor Q4 is connected to the collector of transistor Q2, the emitter of transistor Q4 is used to connect to the chip, the base of transistor Q4 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D11, the two ends of resistor R14 are connected to the base and collector of transistor Q4 respectively, one end of capacitors C4 and C5 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q4, and the other ends of capacitors C4 and C5, as well as the positive terminal of diode D11, are grounded.
[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a power insertion detection circuit, which includes a transistor Q6, a resistor R18, a resistor R19, and a diode D12. The anode of the diode D12 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the cathode of the diode D12 is connected to one end of the resistor R19 and the base of the transistor Q6 through the resistor R18. The other end of the resistor R19 and the emitter of the transistor Q6 are grounded.
[0009] Furthermore, it also includes diode D2 and resistor R3. The negative terminal of diode D2 is connected to the base of transistor Q1 through resistor R3, and the positive terminal of diode D2 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply.
[0010] Furthermore, transistors Q1 and Q2 are NPN and PNP type transistors, respectively.
[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a diode D1 and a resistor R2, with the positive terminal of the power supply connected to the positive terminal of the lead-acid battery through the resistor R2 and the diode D1.
[0012] Furthermore, diode D9 is a Zener diode.
[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model does not require software to control the load, but can realize voltage protection and battery power cut-off only through hardware. It has a simple structure and low cost, which makes the product life more guaranteed, extends the battery life, and achieves zero power consumption when the battery voltage drops to the preset level. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a low-power protection circuit for lead-acid battery products according to an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0015] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0016] In this embodiment of the invention, directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture (as shown in the attached figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.
[0017] Furthermore, in this utility model, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.
[0018] Please refer to Figure 1 The low battery protection circuit of this utility model, applied to lead-acid battery products, includes a lead-acid battery, a chip power supply control circuit, transistors Q1 and Q2, diodes D8 and D9, capacitor EC1, resistors R5, R6, R7, R9, and R10.
[0019] The emitter of transistor Q2 is connected to the positive terminal of the lead-acid battery. The base of transistor Q2 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D8. The collector of transistor Q2 is connected to the chip power supply control circuit and the negative terminal of diode D9. The negative terminal of diode D8 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q2 and the collector of transistor Q1 through resistors R5 and R6, respectively. The emitter of transistor Q1 is grounded. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D9 through resistor R7, as well as one end of resistor R9, capacitor EC1, and resistor R10. The other end of resistor R9 and capacitor EC1 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q2. The other end of resistor R10 is grounded. Capacitor EC1 is an electrolytic capacitor.
[0020] This invention provides low-voltage protection for lead-acid batteries, preventing damage caused by over-discharge.
[0021] As one implementation, the low battery protection circuit applied to lead-acid battery products also includes a self-locking button K1 and a fuse F1. The emitter of transistor Q2 is connected to the positive terminal of the lead-acid battery through the self-locking button K1 and the fuse F1 connected in series.
[0022] As one implementation method, the low battery protection circuit applied to lead-acid battery products also includes diodes D3 and D4. The negative terminals of diodes D3 and D4 are connected together, the positive terminal of diode D4 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q2, and the positive terminal of diode D3 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the external power supply.
[0023] In one implementation, the chip power supply control circuit includes a transistor Q4, a resistor R14, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, and a diode D11. The collector of transistor Q4 is connected to the collector of transistor Q2, the emitter of transistor Q4 is used to connect to the chip (i.e., MCU), the base of transistor Q4 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D11, the two ends of resistor R14 are connected to the base and collector of transistor Q4 respectively, one end of capacitors C4 and C5 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q4, and the other ends of capacitors C4 and C5 and the positive terminal of diode D11 are grounded.
[0024] As one implementation, the low battery protection circuit applied to lead-acid battery products also includes a power insertion detection circuit. The power insertion detection circuit includes a transistor Q6, a resistor R18, a resistor R19, and a diode D12. The positive terminal of the diode D12 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the negative terminal of the diode D12 is connected to one end of the resistor R19 and the base of the transistor Q6 through the resistor R18. The other end of the resistor R19 and the emitter of the transistor Q6 are grounded.
[0025] As one implementation, the low battery protection circuit applied to lead-acid battery products also includes diode D2 and resistor R3. The negative terminal of diode D2 is connected to the base of transistor Q1 through resistor R3, and the positive terminal of diode D2 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply.
[0026] In one implementation, transistors Q1 and Q2 are NPN and PNP type transistors, respectively.
[0027] As one implementation, the low battery protection circuit applied to lead-acid battery products also includes a diode D1 and a resistor R2, with the positive terminal of the power supply connected to the positive terminal of the lead-acid battery through the resistor R2 and the diode D1.
[0028] In one implementation, diode D9 is a Zener diode.
[0029] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When the self-locking button K1 is pressed, current flows to R10 through the electrolytic characteristic of EC1. When there is current in R10, there will be voltage in R7, and the base of Q1 will have a high level. The transistor Q1 is saturated and conducting. Current flows from the emitter to the base of Q2, through D8 / R6 to ground. At this time, the VBE voltage of Q2 is less than -0.7V, and the transistor Q2 conducts. Current flows to D9. When the battery voltage is 6V, the Zener diode D9 breaks down in reverse, and the anode voltage of D9 is 1.7V. Thus, Q1 remains conducting, Q4 conducts, and the MCU receives power. When the battery voltage is lower than 5V, the anode voltage of D9 is lower than 0.7V, Q1 is cut off, causing Q2 to be cut off, thereby turning off the power supply to the MCU (i.e., the chip).
[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A low-charge protection circuit for lead-acid battery products, comprising a lead-acid battery and a chip power supply control circuit, characterized in that, It also includes transistors Q1 and Q2, diodes D8 and D9, capacitor EC1, and resistors R5, R6, R7, R9, and R10. The emitter of transistor Q2 is connected to the positive terminal of the lead-acid battery, the base of transistor Q2 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D8, and the collector of transistor Q2 is connected to the chip power supply control circuit and the negative terminal of diode D9. The negative terminal of diode D8 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q2 and the collector of transistor Q1 through resistors R5 and R6, respectively. The emitter of transistor Q1 is grounded, and the base of transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D9 and one end of resistors R9, capacitor EC1, and resistor R10 through resistor R7. The other end of resistors R9 and capacitor EC1 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q2, and the other end of resistor R10 is grounded.
2. The low-charge protection circuit for lead-acid battery products as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a self-locking button K1 and a fuse F1. The emitter of transistor Q2 is connected to the positive terminal of the lead-acid battery through the self-locking button K1 and the fuse F1 connected in series.
3. The low-charge protection circuit for lead-acid battery products as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes diodes D3 and D4. The negative terminals of diodes D3 and D4 are connected together, the positive terminal of diode D4 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q2, and the positive terminal of diode D3 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the external power supply.
4. The low-charge protection circuit for lead-acid battery products as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The chip power supply control circuit includes transistor Q4, resistor R14, capacitor C4, capacitor C5, and diode D11. The collector of transistor Q4 is connected to the collector of transistor Q2, the emitter of transistor Q4 is used to connect to the chip, and the base of transistor Q4 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D11. The two ends of resistor R14 are connected to the base and collector of transistor Q4, respectively. One end of capacitors C4 and C5 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q4, and the other ends of capacitors C4 and C5, as well as the positive terminal of diode D11, are grounded.
5. The low-charge protection circuit for lead-acid battery products as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a power insertion detection circuit, which includes a transistor Q6, a resistor R18, a resistor R19, and a diode D12. The anode of the diode D12 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the cathode of the diode D12 is connected to one end of the resistor R19 and the base of the transistor Q6 through the resistor R18. The other end of the resistor R19 and the emitter of the transistor Q6 are grounded.
6. The low-charge protection circuit for lead-acid battery products as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes diode D2 and resistor R3. The cathode of diode D2 is connected to the base of transistor Q1 through resistor R3, and the anode of diode D2 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply.
7. The low-charge protection circuit for lead-acid battery products as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Transistors Q1 and Q2 are NPN and PNP type transistors, respectively.
8. The low-charge protection circuit for lead-acid battery products as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes diode D1 and resistor R2, with the positive terminal of the power supply connected to the positive terminal of the lead-acid battery through resistor R2 and diode D1.
9. The low-charge protection circuit for lead-acid battery products as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Diode D9 is a Zener diode.