Cotton picking device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of cotton picking, in particular to a cotton picking device which comprises a compartment, a picking plate, a fixing block, a first conveying assembly, a second conveying assembly, a vehicle head, a compartment door and a roller module. The picking plates and the compartment are arranged to be of a detachable connection structure, the picking plates can be installed at different positions to adjust the gaps between the picking plates according to the actual planting gaps of cotton, the picking plates can be matched with different planting modes, and the cotton picking device is more flexible and suitable for being used. By arranging the first conveying assembly capable of filtering out impurity particles attached to the cotton, dust and impurity particles on the cotton can be filtered out in the cotton conveying process, the finally collected cotton is cleaner, and therefore later processing is better facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the cotton picking field especially relates to cotton picking device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Cotton, alias American cotton, Mexican cotton and the like, is the Malvaceae one -year -old herbaceous plant of Gossypium, and is originally from Mexico, America, was introduced to China in the latter half of the 19th century, and has been widely cultivated, is an important economic crop, is an important raw material of textile industry, is widely used in the production of clothes, cotton quilt and the like daily necessities, at the same time, cotton is also the pillar industry of the national economy and people's livelihood, influences the world bulk agricultural products and downstream textile trade pattern, cotton picking device, i.e. cotton harvesting machinery, is the agricultural mechanical equipment specially used for picking mature cotton or picking cotton, and through mechanized picking, the cotton picking efficiency can be significantly improved, compared with traditional manual picking, the mechanical picking is faster, and a large amount of time and manpower cost is saved.

[0003] The existing cotton picking device usually has fixedly set gaps of picking plates or picking heads, is inconvenient to adjust the gap size according to the actual planting condition of cotton, has limited picking effect, and the cotton picked usually has surface adhered dust particles that are directly collected without treatment, so that subsequent processing difficulty is increased, and processing effect is influenced.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the fact that the existing cotton picking device usually has fixedly set gaps of picking plates or picking heads, is inconvenient to adjust, and cannot remove the adhered dust particles on cotton, a cotton picking device with adjustable gaps of picking plates and filtering dust particle structure can be designed, the gap of the picking plate can be adjusted according to the actual planting gap of cotton, is more flexible and applicable, and the adhered dust particles on the cotton are filtered and impurities are removed in the process of conveying the cotton after picking, so that the cotton is more conducive to processing in the later period. Utility model content

[0005] In order to overcome the fact that the existing cotton picking device usually has fixedly set gaps of picking plates or picking heads, is inconvenient to adjust, and cannot remove the adhered dust particles on cotton.

[0006] The utility model discloses a technical scheme for cotton picking device, including car, picking plate, fixed block, first transmission subassembly, second transmission subassembly, car head, door and gyro wheel module, the front end of car is equally arranged with seven groups of picking plate for picking cotton from left to right, the rear end of picking plate is fixedly installed with the fixed block for and the detachable connection of car, the front end of car is equally arranged with the connecting hole for and the fixed block connection from left to right, the front inside of car is fixedly installed with the first transmission subassembly for conveying cotton and filtering the dust impurity particle in cotton, the rear inside of car is fixedly installed with the second transmission subassembly for conveying the cotton after impurity removal, the rear end of car is equipped with the door for opening and closing the discharge in lower part, the upper end of car is fixedly installed with the car head for towing car and advancing, the lower end of car is fixedly installed with two groups of gyro wheel module for rolling and being symmetrical in front and back, the lower end of car is equally arranged with the through slot for the impurity particle drop from front to back in front part.

[0007] Preferably, by setting the detachable connection structure between the picking plate and the car, the picking plate can be installed at different positions to adjust the gap between the picking plates according to the actual planting gap of cotton, so that the picking plate can be adapted to different planting methods, more flexible and applicable, and by setting the first transmission subassembly that can filter the impurity particles adhered to the cotton, the dust impurity particles on the cotton can be filtered out during the conveying of the cotton, so that the finally collected cotton is cleaner, thereby being more beneficial to the later processing.

[0008] As preferred, the surface of the fixed block is symmetrically provided with two groups of mounting holes matched with the limiting holes, and the fixed block is detachably connected with the car through the mounting holes and the connecting holes.

[0009] As preferred, the first transmission subassembly includes a conveying roller and a first driving motor, and ten groups of the conveying rollers are symmetrically arranged from left to right in a reverse V shape, and the dust impurity particles on the cotton fall to the bottom of the car through the gap between the conveying rollers and then fall from the through slot, and the two ends of the conveying roller are rotatably connected with the car through the connecting shaft.

[0010] As preferred, the connecting shaft at one end of the conveying roller extends to the outside through the car and is fixedly connected with the first driving motor, the first driving motor drives the connecting shaft to drive the conveying roller to rotate synchronously, and the ten groups of the conveying rollers rotate in the clockwise direction.

[0011] As preferred, the second transmission subassembly includes a mounting plate, a conveying belt and a second driving motor, and two groups of the mounting plates are symmetrically arranged, and the conveying belt for conveying the filtered cotton is arranged between the two groups of the mounting plates.

[0012] As preferred, the two ends of the conveying belt are rotatably connected with the mounting plate through connecting shafts, and the connecting shaft of one end of the conveying belt extends through the mounting plate to the outside and is fixedly connected with the second driving motor.

[0013] As preferred, the second driving motor drives the conveying belt to rotate synchronously through a driving connecting shaft, and the lower end of the mounting plate is fixedly installed with a supporting block for supporting the mounting plate.

[0014] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. By setting the picking plate and the carriage in a detachable connection structure, the picking plate can be installed at different positions to adjust the gap between the picking plates according to the actual planting gap of cotton, so that the picking plate can be adapted to different planting methods, and is more flexible and applicable. By setting the first conveying assembly that can filter the impurity particles adhered to the cotton, the dust and impurity particles on the cotton can be filtered out during the conveying of the cotton, so that the finally collected cotton is cleaner, thereby being more beneficial to the later processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A whole three-dimensional structure schematic view of the cotton picking device is shown.

[0017] Figure 2 Another angle three-dimensional structure schematic view of the cotton picking device is shown.

[0018] Figure 3 A carriage three-dimensional structure schematic view of the cotton picking device is shown.

[0019] Figure 4 A picking plate three-dimensional structure schematic view of the cotton picking device is shown.

[0020] Figure 5 A first conveying assembly three-dimensional structure schematic view of the cotton picking device is shown.

[0021] Figure 6 A second conveying assembly three-dimensional structure schematic view of the cotton picking device is shown.

[0022] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 1. Carriage; 2. Picking plate; 3. Fixed block; 4. Mounting hole; 7. Car head; 8. Door; 9. Through slot; 10. Roller module; 501. Conveying roller; 502. First driving motor; 601. Mounting plate; 602. Conveying belt; 603. Second driving motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0024] Cotton is an important economic crop with a wide range of applications and unique growth characteristics. Cotton, also known as American cotton or Mexican cotton, is an annual herbaceous plant of the Malvaceae family, native to Mexico. It was introduced to China in the latter half of the 19th century and has since been widely cultivated. Cotton prefers sunlight and warmth, with a long growth period from April to November each year. It requires well-draining soil with good heat and air permeability, such as sandy loam and loam. Cotton is an important raw material for the textile industry, widely used in the production of clothing, bedding, and other daily necessities. At the same time, cotton is a pillar industry that affects the trade pattern of major agricultural products and downstream textiles worldwide. It also has medicinal properties and can be used as a strategic material for ammunition production. In addition, cotton has become a vivid witness to the exchange of Chinese long history and agricultural civilization.

[0025] Cotton picking is an important part of agricultural production, and its efficiency and quality directly affect the yield and quality of cotton. Modern cotton picking mainly relies on mechanical picking, such as using six-row self-propelled baling cotton pickers that can pick 40 acres of land per hour. The mechanical picking head is the key, such as the spindle or brush roller type, which can effectively reduce damage to cotton fibers and improve the cotton picking rate. The cotton picking period is generally from mid-September to mid-November, and the specific time is affected by factors such as region, climate, and variety. Picking should be done on dry sunny days to ensure cotton quality. Field management such as recovering residual film and spraying leafing agents should be done before and after picking to improve picking efficiency and cotton quality, while reducing environmental pollution and damage to machinery and equipment. Therefore, cotton picking needs to consider multiple factors such as picking method, picking time, and field management to ensure high yield and quality of cotton.

[0026] Cotton picking devices, especially mechanized cotton pickers, can efficiently and quickly separate cotton from the cotton stalk and push it to the storage compartment through air flow or other methods. This mechanized operation greatly improves picking speed, shortens the picking cycle, reduces time costs, and improves picking quality. Compared with manual picking, mechanized picking is more standardized and scientific, ensuring the quality and yield of cotton, reducing losses and waste, and ensuring the integrity and cleanliness of cotton with a picking rate of over 95%. The use of cotton picking devices greatly reduces the labor intensity of manual picking, allowing farmers to be freed from heavy manual labor and engage in more efficient and valuable work.

[0027] Cotton picking devices play an important role in improving picking efficiency, enhancing picking quality, and reducing labor intensity. However, there are often some problems in the actual use of cotton picking devices. Some common problems and possible causes are listed below: 1. Picking efficiency and quality problems: poor picking rate, mainly due to improper adjustment of the compression plate, such as too small pressure or too large gap; improper adjustment of the picking head angle. 2. Over-picking: too tight compression plate pressure, mainly due to the lack of synchronization between the picking head rotation speed and the vehicle forward speed. 3. Bottom cotton bolls not picked: poor bottom picking spindle condition, mainly due to improper adjustment of the profiling system; improper adjustment of the straw holder. 4. Decline in cotton quality: mainly due to variety problems, lack of stable high-quality and high-yield machine-picked cotton varieties, and inconsistent quality of mixed varieties. 5. Planting and management problems: mainly due to high planting density, which is not conducive to ventilation, light penetration, and leaf shedding; early or excessive chemical adjustment, which affects fruit branches. 6. Machine failure problems: mainly due to picking head failure, blockage, wear, and transmission system failure. 7. Hydraulic system failure: mainly due to high oil temperature, insufficient oil pressure, and oil line blockage. 8. Electrical system failure: mainly due to circuit short circuit, electrical component damage, and sensor malfunction.

[0028] There are many types of cotton picking devices on the market, such as: 1. Large-scale cotton picking machines: including cotton picking machines and cotton harvesting machines, which selectively pick according to the maturity of cotton, and harvest all the cotton and then clean it, with high work efficiency but complex operation and high price. 2. Small, portable cotton picking machines: such as handheld and backpack types, suitable for small areas or home use. Driven by electric or gasoline power, convenient to carry and easy to operate, but the picking efficiency is relatively low and the service life may be short due to quality problems.

[0029] Although there are many types of cotton picking devices on the market, there are still some problems and challenges in actual use, such as the cotton picking devices mentioned above, which have the following problems: 1. Picking rate problem: improper adjustment of the compression plate or inappropriate angle of the picking head may result in incomplete picking. 2. Over-picking: too tight compression plate pressure or lack of synchronization between the picking head rotation speed and the vehicle forward speed may damage the plant. 3. Bottom cotton bolls not picked: poor bottom picking spindle condition or improper adjustment of the profiling system. 4. Machine failure: such as blockage, wear, and transmission system failure, whether large or small cotton picking machines, need to pay attention to safe operation and follow the corresponding use specifications to ensure picking efficiency and machine life.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1-4The utility model provides a kind of embodiment: cotton picking device, including carriage 1, picking plate, fixed block 3, first conveying assembly, second conveying assembly, car head 7, door 8 and gyro wheel module 10, the front end of carriage 1 is uniformly distributed with seven groups of picking plate 2 for picking cotton from left to right, the rear end of picking plate 2 is fixedly installed with the fixed block 3 for and carriage 1 detachable connection on upper and lower side, the front end of carriage 1 is uniformly distributed with the connecting hole for and fixed block 3 connection from left to right, the front inside of carriage 1 is fixedly installed with the first conveying assembly for conveying cotton and filtering dust impurity particles in cotton, the rear inside of carriage 1 is fixedly installed with the second conveying assembly for conveying cotton after impurity, the rear end of carriage 1 is equipped with the door 8 for opening and closing unloading, the upper end of carriage 1 is fixedly installed with the car head 7 for towing carriage 1 forward, the lower end of carriage 1 is fixedly installed with two groups of gyro wheel module 10 for rolling in front and back symmetry, the lower end of carriage 1 is uniformly distributed with the through slot 9 for impurity particle drop from front to back in front part, the surface of fixed block 3 is symmetrically provided with two groups of installation hole 4 matched with limiting hole, fixed block 3 and carriage 1 are detachably connected by installation hole 4 and connecting hole, the distance of adjacent picking plate 2 is adjusted by connecting installation hole 4 on fixed block 3 with connecting hole in different positions.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 5 In the embodiment, the first conveying assembly includes conveying rollers 501 and a first drive motor 502, the conveying rollers 501 are sequentially and uniformly arranged from left to right in ten groups, the ten groups of conveying rollers 501 are distributed in inverted V shape, dust and impurity particles on the cotton drop through the gaps between the conveying rollers 501 to the bottom of the carriage 1 and drop from the through slot 9, both ends of the conveying rollers 501 are rotationally connected to the carriage 1 through connecting shafts, the connecting shaft at one end of the conveying rollers 501 extends to the outside and is fixedly connected to the first drive motor 502, the first drive motor 502 drives the connecting shaft to drive the conveying rollers 501 to rotate synchronously, and the ten groups of conveying rollers 501 rotate in the clockwise direction.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 6 In the embodiment, the second conveying assembly includes mounting plates 601, a conveying belt 602 and a second drive motor 603, the mounting plates 601 are symmetrically arranged in two groups, the conveying belt 602 for conveying the filtered cotton is arranged between the two groups of mounting plates 601, both ends of the conveying belt 602 are rotationally connected to the mounting plates 601 through connecting shafts, the connecting shaft at one end of the conveying belt 602 extends to the outside and is fixedly connected to the second drive motor 603, the second drive motor 603 drives the connecting shaft to drive the conveying belt 602 to rotate synchronously, and the lower end of the mounting plate 601 is fixedly installed with a support block for supporting the mounting plate 601.

[0033] When working, first, the staff opens the picking device to the corresponding cotton picking position;

[0034] Then according to the planting gap of the cotton to be picked, the gap of the picking plate 2 is adjusted to be suitable for the cotton, and the picking plate 2 is installed and fixed in the corresponding position through the mounting hole 4 on the rear end fixing block 3 of the picking plate 2.

[0035] Then the vehicle starts to move forward to pick the cotton, and the staff controls the vehicle to move forward through the control module in the vehicle head 7, so that the cotton enters the vehicle compartment 1 through the picking plate 2;

[0036] Then, the dust and impurity particles on the surface of the cotton are filtered while the cotton is conveyed through the first conveying assembly, and the conveying roller 501 is driven to rotate by the first driving motor 502, so that the dust and impurity particles on the surface of the cotton fall from the gap of the conveying roller 501 to the bottom of the vehicle compartment 1 and fall through the through groove 9.

[0037] The filtered cotton is then conveyed to the rear of the vehicle compartment 1 by the second conveying assembly.

[0038] Finally, after picking is completed, the vehicle is driven to the corresponding cotton processing location, the compartment door 8 is opened, and the cotton is continuously conveyed by the second conveying assembly and guided to the corresponding position, and the conveying belt 602 is driven to rotate by the second driving motor 603, so that the conveying belt 602 guides the cotton out of the compartment door 8.

[0039] Through the above steps, by setting the detachable connection structure between the picking plate 2 and the vehicle compartment 1, the gap between the picking plates 2 can be adjusted by installing the picking plate 2 at different positions according to the actual planting gap of the cotton, so that the picking plate 2 can be adapted to different planting methods, which is more flexible and applicable. The first conveying assembly for filtering the impurity particles adhered to the cotton can filter the dust and impurity particles on the cotton during the conveying process, so that the finally collected cotton is cleaner, which is more conducive to the later processing, so as to solve the problem that the gap of the picking plate 2 or the picking head of the existing cotton picking device is fixedly set, which is not convenient for adjusting the gap size according to the actual planting condition of the cotton, resulting in the limitation of the picking effect, and the dust particles adhered to the surface of the picked cotton are not treated before being collected, which easily increases the difficulty of subsequent processing and affects the processing effect.

Claims

1. Cotton picking device comprising a carriage (1); characterized in that: It also includes picking plate (2), fixed block (3), first transmission assembly, second transmission assembly, car head (7), door (8) and roller module (10), the front end of the car (1) is evenly arranged with seven groups of picking plate (2) from left to right for picking cotton, the rear end of the picking plate (2) is fixedly installed with fixed block (3) on the upper and lower sides for detachable connection with the car (1), the front end of the car (1) is provided with connecting hole for connecting with fixed block (3) from left to right, the inner side of the front part of the car (1) is fixedly installed with first transmission assembly for conveying cotton and filtering dust and impurity particles in cotton, the inner side of the rear part of the car (1) is fixedly installed with second transmission assembly for conveying impurity particles after filtering, the lower end of the car (1) is provided with door (8) for opening and closing, the upper end of the car (1) is fixedly installed with car head (7) for pulling the car (1) forward, the lower end of the car (1) is fixedly installed with two groups of roller module (10) for rolling, the lower end of the car (1) is provided with through slot (9) for falling of impurity particles from front to back.

2. The cotton picking device of claim 1, wherein: The surface of the fixed block (3) is symmetrically provided with two groups of installation holes (4) matched with the limiting hole, the fixed block (3) is detachably connected with the car (1) through the installation hole (4) and the connecting hole, the installation hole (4) on the fixed block (3) is connected with the connecting hole at different positions to adjust the distance between adjacent picking plates (2).

3. The cotton picking device of claim 1, wherein: The first transmission assembly comprises conveying rollers (501) and a first drive motor (502), the conveying rollers (501) are arranged in ten groups from left to right in turn, the ten groups of conveying rollers (501) are distributed in inverted V shape, the dust and impurity particles on the cotton fall to the bottom of the car (1) through the gap between the conveying rollers (501) and fall from the through slot (9), the two ends of the conveying roller (501) are rotatably connected with the car (1) through connecting shafts.

4. The cotton picking device of claim 3, wherein: The connecting shaft of one end of the conveying roller (501) extends to the outside and is fixedly connected with the first drive motor (502) through the car (1), the first drive motor (502) drives the connecting shaft to drive the conveying roller (501) to rotate synchronously, the ten groups of conveying rollers (501) rotate in clockwise direction.

5. The cotton picking device of claim 1, wherein: The second transmission assembly comprises mounting plates (601), a conveyor belt (602) and a second drive motor (603), the mounting plates (601) are symmetrically provided with two groups, the conveyor belt (602) is arranged between the two groups of mounting plates (601) for conveying filtered cotton.

6. The cotton picking device of claim 5, wherein: The two ends of the conveyor belt (602) are rotatably connected with the mounting plates (601) through connecting shafts, the connecting shaft of one end of the conveyor belt (602) extends to the outside and is fixedly connected with the second drive motor (603) through the mounting plate (601).

7. The cotton picking device of claim 5, wherein: The second drive motor (603) drives the connecting shaft to drive the conveyor belt (602) to rotate synchronously, the lower end of the mounting plate (601) is fixedly installed with support block for supporting the mounting plate (601).

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