Electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module

Abstract

The utility model provides an electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module, which relates to the technical field of electric bicycle charging and discharging, and is characterized in that the drain electrode of an NMOS (N-channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor) tube is electrically connected with the negative electrode of a battery, the source electrode of the NMOS tube is electrically connected with the negative electrode of a charger, and the positive electrode of the battery is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the charger; when the battery is installed on the electric bicycle, the single-chip microcomputer is arranged to communicate with the charger through the charging communication circuit so as to achieve mutual recognition between the battery and the charger, and is further arranged to communicate with the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through the whole vehicle communication circuit so as to achieve mutual recognition between the battery and the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment. When the electric bicycle is not provided with a battery and the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module is detected to be powered by the charging port, the single-chip microcomputer controls the NMOS tube to be switched on so as to realize power supply and detection of vehicle-mounted electrical equipment. By implementing the technical scheme of the utility model, the effect of improving the detection efficiency is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to electric bicycle charging and discharging technical field, concretely relates to a kind of electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of electric bicycles, with the development of technology and the improvement of safety standards, the electrical safety requirements of electric bicycles are increasingly valued. In order to ensure the safety and compatibility of electric bicycles during charging and discharging, a charging and discharging mutual recognition module is introduced. The main function of this module is to establish a communication connection between the battery, charger and electric bicycle to achieve mutual recognition and control during charging and discharging. However, the existing technology has obvious limitations in the performance detection link before the electric bicycle is shipped. In order to ensure the performance and safety of the vehicle during the production process of the electric bicycle, the manufacturer needs to perform a series of performance tests on the vehicle before final assembly. However, the existing mutual recognition module cannot activate the circuit through the charging port without a battery, which means that the production manufacturer must complete these tests after installing the battery. This not only increases production costs, but also may lead to a decrease in production efficiency. In addition, if problems are found after installing the battery, additional disassembly and reassembly may be required, further increasing production costs and time. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve the above problems, the utility model provides a kind of electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module.

[0004] In the first aspect, the utility model provides a kind of electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module, including: single-chip microcomputer, charging communication circuit, whole vehicle communication circuit and NMOS pipe, wherein the drain electrode of NMOS pipe is electrically connected with the negative pole of battery, the source electrode of NMOS pipe is electrically connected with the negative pole of charger, and the positive pole of battery is electrically connected with the positive pole of charger, wherein the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module is opened or closed the charging circuit of battery by NMOS pipe;In the case that electric bicycle has installed battery, single-chip microcomputer is set to communicate with charger through charging communication circuit to realize mutual recognition between battery and charger, and single-chip microcomputer is also set to communicate with vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through whole vehicle communication circuit to realize mutual recognition between battery and vehicle-mounted electrical equipment;In the case that electric bicycle has not installed battery, when detecting that electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module is powered by charging port, single-chip microcomputer controls NMOS pipe to conduct to realize power supply and detection to vehicle-mounted electrical equipment, wherein single-chip microcomputer and the gate electrode of NMOS pipe are electrically connected.

[0005] By adopting the technical scheme, the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module can activate the circuit through the charging port in the case of no battery, realize the power supply and detection of the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment. This solves the problem of cost increase and efficiency reduction caused by the need to install a battery first to perform performance detection in the prior art, significantly improves the production flexibility and efficiency, and also improves the detection efficiency of the electric bicycle. At the same time, the module can also realize mutual recognition between the battery and the charger and the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through the communication circuit in the case of having a battery, improving the safety and compatibility of the system.

[0006] Optionally, the charging communication circuit comprises a first sending module and a first receiving module, wherein the first sending module is connected with the charger through the first communication bus, the first sending module sends first data through the first communication bus, wherein the first data comprises parameters of the battery; the first receiving module is connected with the charger through the first communication bus, the first receiving module receives second data sent by the charger through the first communication bus, wherein the second data comprises parameters of the charger; the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module realizes mutual recognition between the battery and the charger based on the first data and the second data.

[0007] By adopting the technical scheme, efficient communication and mutual recognition between the battery and the charger can be realized in the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module. Specifically, the first sending module sends first data containing battery parameters to the charger through the first communication bus, ensuring that the charger can obtain accurate battery information; the first receiving module receives second data containing charger parameters from the charger through the first communication bus, so that the single-chip microcomputer can verify whether the charger meets the requirements; based on the interaction of the first data and the second data, bidirectional authentication between the battery and the charger is realized, improving the reliability and safety of the system and avoiding potential safety problems caused by mismatched chargers.

[0008] Optionally, the first sending module comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a first triode, a second triode and a third triode, wherein the emitter of the first triode is electrically connected to the first power supply end, the first resistor is connected between the emitter of the first triode and the base of the first triode, the base of the first triode is electrically connected to the first data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer through the second resistor, the first data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to the base of the second triode through the third resistor, the emitter of the second triode is electrically connected to the source of the NMOS tube, the collector of the second triode is electrically connected to the base of the third triode, the collector of the third triode is electrically connected to the first communication bus, the collector of the first triode is electrically connected to the base of the third triode through the fourth resistor, the fifth resistor is connected between the base of the second triode and the emitter of the second triode, and the emitter of the third triode is electrically connected to the emitter of the second triode through the sixth resistor; the first receiving module comprises a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor and a first diode, wherein the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor are connected in series between the first data receiving port of the single-chip microcomputer and the first communication bus, the connection point between the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor is electrically connected to the anode of the first diode, and the cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the first power supply end; the charging communication circuit further comprises a ninth resistor, and the ninth resistor is connected between the first communication bus and the second power supply end.

[0009] By adopting the technical scheme, the first sending module can ensure that the data signal emitted from the single-chip microcomputer can be stably transmitted to the first communication bus, thereby realizing effective communication with the charger; the overcurrent protection circuit formed by the third triode and the sixth resistor improves the overcurrent protection capability of the mutual recognition module; the first receiving module realizes resistance voltage division and diode protection mechanism, thereby ensuring that the data signal received from the charger can be correctly parsed within the safe working range of the single-chip microcomputer; the additional ninth resistor as a pull-up resistor ensures the high impedance characteristic of the first communication bus in the idle state, thereby avoiding unnecessary interference. The technical scheme improves the reliability and stability of the system.

[0010] Optionally, the charging communication circuit further comprises a tenth resistor and a second diode, wherein the tenth resistor is connected between the base of the second triode and the cathode of the second diode, and the anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first communication bus.

[0011] By adopting the technical scheme, the tenth resistor and the second diode are added in the charging communication circuit, and together with the fifth resistor and the second transistor, an overvoltage protection circuit is formed, so that the overvoltage protection capability of the mutual recognition module circuit is improved. The signal on the first communication bus can effectively prevent the normal work of the second transistor from being interfered, and the stability and reliability of communication are improved. Meanwhile, the forward conduction characteristic of the second diode can protect the circuit from high voltage impact, thereby enhancing the robustness of the whole system.

[0012] Optionally, the whole vehicle communication circuit comprises a second sending module, wherein the second sending module is connected with the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through the second communication bus, and the second sending module sends third data through the second communication bus, wherein the third data comprises parameters of the battery.

[0013] By adopting the technical scheme, the second sending module is responsible for data communication with the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment, the second sending module is connected with the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through the second communication bus, and the second sending module sends third data, which comprises parameters of the battery. The third data sent by the second sending module enables the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment to identify the state of the battery and adjust its operation according to the information, so as to ensure the compatibility and safety with the battery.

[0014] Optionally, the second sending module comprises an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a fourth transistor and a fifth transistor, wherein the eleventh resistor is connected between the second data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer and the base of the fourth transistor, the emitter of the fourth transistor is electrically connected with the source of the NMOS tube, the collector of the fourth transistor is electrically connected with the base of the fifth transistor through the twelfth resistor, the thirteenth resistor is connected between the base of the fifth transistor and the negative electrode of the battery, the emitter of the fifth transistor is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the battery through the fourteenth resistor, the collector of the fifth transistor is electrically connected with the second communication bus, and the collector of the fourth transistor is also electrically connected with the positive electrode of the battery through the fifteenth resistor; the whole vehicle communication circuit further comprises a sixteenth resistor, and the sixteenth resistor is connected between the second communication bus and the third power supply end.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, the second sending module comprises the eleventh resistor to the fifteenth resistor, and the fourth transistor and the fifth transistor, so that the data signal emitted from the single-chip microcomputer can be stably transmitted to the second communication bus, thereby realizing effective communication with the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment; the sixteenth resistor R16 as an additional pull-up resistor ensures the high impedance characteristic of the second communication bus in the idle state, thereby avoiding unnecessary interference. The technical scheme improves the reliability and stability of the system.

[0016] Optionally, the vehicle communication circuit further comprises a sixth transistor, a seventeenth resistor and an eighteenth resistor, wherein the collector of the sixth transistor is electrically connected with the base of the fifth transistor, the emitter of the sixth transistor is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the base of the sixth transistor is electrically connected with the second communication bus through the seventeenth resistor, and the eighteenth resistor is connected between the base of the sixth transistor and the emitter of the sixth transistor.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the high-voltage protection circuit is formed by the sixth transistor, the seventeenth resistor and the eighteenth resistor, and the overvoltage protection capability of the mutual recognition module circuit is improved.

[0018] Optionally, the vehicle communication circuit further comprises a power supply mode detection module, and the power supply mode detection module comprises a seventh transistor, a nineteenth resistor and a twentieth resistor, wherein the nineteenth resistor is connected between the base of the seventh transistor and the emitter of the sixth transistor, the emitter of the seventh transistor is electrically connected with the source of the NMOS tube, and the collector of the seventh transistor is electrically connected with the fourth power supply end through the twentieth resistor.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the vehicle communication circuit can be activated by the charging port power supply in the case that the electric bicycle is not installed with the battery, and the working state of the vehicle electrical equipment can be detected. Specifically, the power supply mode detection module can detect whether the current is in the charging port power supply mode, and control the NMOS tube to be turned on in this mode, so as to realize the power supply and detection of the vehicle electrical equipment. This effectively solves the problem that the performance detection cannot be performed due to the lack of the battery in the prior art, improves the flexibility and efficiency of production, and reduces the production cost.

[0020] Optionally, the vehicle communication circuit further comprises a second receiving module, wherein the second receiving module is connected with the vehicle electrical equipment through the second communication bus, the second receiving module receives the fourth data sent by the vehicle electrical equipment through the second communication bus, and the fourth data comprises the parameters of the vehicle electrical equipment; and the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module realizes the mutual recognition between the battery and the vehicle electrical equipment based on the third data and the fourth data.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the second receiving module in the vehicle communication circuit can receive the parameter data from the vehicle electrical equipment, and the parameter data of the battery sent by the single-chip microcomputer is combined, so that the second receiving module receives the fourth data from the vehicle electrical equipment through the second communication bus, and the single-chip microcomputer can verify whether the vehicle electrical equipment meets the requirements; based on the interaction of the third data and the fourth data, the bidirectional authentication between the battery and the vehicle electrical equipment is realized, the reliability and safety of the system are improved, the potential safety hazard problem caused by the mismatched vehicle electrical equipment is avoided, the accurate mutual recognition between the battery and the vehicle electrical equipment is realized, and the reliability and compatibility of the system are improved.

[0022] Optionally, the second receiving module comprises a twenty-first resistor, a twenty-second resistor and a third diode, wherein the twenty-first resistor and the twenty-second resistor are connected in series between the second data receiving port of the single-chip microcomputer and the second communication bus, the connection point between the twenty-first resistor and the twenty-second resistor is electrically connected with the anode of the third diode, and the cathode of the third diode is electrically connected with the fifth power supply end.

[0023] By adopting the above technical scheme, the second receiving module can effectively receive the fourth data from the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment. Specifically, the voltage division network composed of the twenty-first resistor and the twenty-second resistor can stabilize signal transmission and prevent voltage fluctuations from affecting the single-chip microcomputer. At the same time, the third diode plays a protective role, avoiding damage to the data receiving port of the single-chip microcomputer caused by excessively high voltage. This design improves the reliability and stability of the system, ensuring the normal operation of the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module in various working environments.

[0024] Optionally, the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module further comprises a voltage reduction circuit, wherein the first input end and the second input end of the voltage reduction circuit are electrically connected with the positive electrode of the charger and the negative electrode of the charger respectively, the output end of the voltage reduction circuit is electrically connected with the power supply end of the single-chip microcomputer, and the output end of the voltage reduction circuit is used to provide working voltage for the single-chip microcomputer.

[0025] By adopting the above technical scheme, the voltage reduction circuit can convert the high-voltage direct current provided by the charger (or the battery) into low-voltage direct current suitable for the single-chip microcomputer to work. The addition of the voltage reduction circuit enables the single-chip microcomputer to obtain stable working voltage, and it can work normally even in the absence of a battery. The voltage provided by the charger may be higher than the voltage required by the single-chip microcomputer (for example, the charger may be 12V or higher, while the single-chip microcomputer may require 3.3V or 5V), and the voltage reduction circuit is responsible for converting the higher input voltage into a lower voltage suitable for the single-chip microcomputer to work. The voltage reduction circuit can provide one or more different low-voltage direct currents, such as 3.3V, or 5V, or other voltages. The low-voltage direct current provided by the voltage reduction circuit not only provides working voltage for the single-chip microcomputer, but also provides power supply for other circuits in the mutual recognition module.

[0026] In summary, one or more technical solutions provided in the utility model have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0027] 1. The problem of increased cost and reduced efficiency caused by the need to install a battery first for performance testing in the prior art is solved, significantly improving production flexibility and efficiency, and also improving the detection efficiency of electric bicycles;

[0028] 2. Bidirectional authentication between the battery and the charger is achieved, improving the reliability and safety of the system and avoiding potential safety hazards caused by mismatched chargers;

[0029] 3. The mutual recognition module circuit improves the overvoltage protection capability and overcurrent protection capability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a frame diagram of a mutual recognition module of an electric bicycle charging and discharging provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 is a whole schematic diagram of a mutual recognition module provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 is a power supply circuit schematic diagram of a mutual recognition module provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 is an internal electrical structure block diagram of a mutual recognition module provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 is a charging communication circuit schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 6 is a whole vehicle communication circuit schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0036] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] R1-First resistor, R2-Second resistor, R3-Third resistor, R4-Fourth resistor, R5-Fifth resistor, R6-Sixth resistor, R7- Seventh resistor, R8-Eighth resistor, R9-Ninth resistor, R10-Tenth resistor, R11-Eleventh resistor, R12-Twelfth resistor, R13-Thirteenth resistor, R14-Fourteenth resistor, R15-Fifteenth resistor, R16-Sixteenth resistor, R17-Seventeenth resistor, R18-Eighteenth resistor, R19-Nineteenth resistor, R20-Twentieth resistor, R21-Twenty-first resistor, R22-Twenty-second resistor, D1-First diode, D2-Second diode, D3-Third diode, Q0-NMOS tube, Q1-First triode, Q2-Second triode, Q3-Third triode, Q4-Fourth triode, Q5-Fifth triode, Q6-Sixth triode, Q7-Seventh triode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the specification, the technical solutions in the specification will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present utility model, not all the embodiments.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the utility model, "for example" or "for instance" and the like are used to represent as an example, illustration or description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "for example" or "for instance" in the embodiments of the utility model should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Rather, the use of "for example" or "for instance" and the like is intended to present the relevant concept in a specific manner.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the utility model, the term "a plurality of" means two or more. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are used for description purposes only and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. The terms "include", "contain", "have" and their variants mean "include but are not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0041] The following will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings Figures 1-6 The embodiments of the utility model are described.

[0042] The utility model provides a kind of electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module, as Figure 1 As shown in Figure 1 It is the frame diagram of a kind of electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module provided in the embodiments of the utility model, comprising: single-chip microcomputer, charging communication circuit, whole vehicle communication circuit and NMOS tube Q0, wherein the drain electrode of NMOS tube Q0 is electrically connected with the negative pole of battery, the source electrode of NMOS tube Q0 is electrically connected with the negative pole of charger, the positive pole of battery is electrically connected with the positive pole of charger, wherein electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module is opened or closed the charging loop of battery by NMOS tube Q0;In the case where electric bicycle has been installed battery, single-chip microcomputer is set to communicate with charger by charging communication circuit, to realize the mutual recognition between battery and charger, single-chip microcomputer is also set to communicate with vehicle-mounted electrical equipment by whole vehicle communication circuit, to realize the mutual recognition between battery and vehicle-mounted electrical equipment;In the case where electric bicycle is not installed battery, when detecting that electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module is powered by charging port, single-chip microcomputer controls NMOS tube Q0 to conduct, to realize the power supply and detection to vehicle-mounted electrical equipment, wherein single-chip microcomputer and the gate electrode of NMOS tube Q0 are electrically connected.

[0043] In the above embodiment, the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module can activate the circuit through the charging port in the absence of the battery to realize power supply and detection of the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment. This solves the problem of cost increase and efficiency reduction in the prior art due to the need to install the battery first to perform performance detection, significantly improves production flexibility and efficiency, and improves the detection efficiency of the electric bicycle. At the same time, the module can also realize mutual recognition between the battery and the charger and the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through the communication circuit in the presence of the battery, improving the safety and compatibility of the system.

[0044] The drain of the NMOS tube Q0 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, and the source is connected to the negative electrode of the charger. By controlling the conduction and shutdown of the NMOS tube Q0, the charging circuit of the battery can be controlled. The single-chip microcomputer in the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module (or can be simply referred to as the mutual recognition module) is responsible for communication with the charger and the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment. In the case that the electric bicycle has been installed with a battery, the single-chip microcomputer communicates with the charger through the charging communication circuit to realize mutual recognition between the battery and the charger. At the same time, the single-chip microcomputer communicates with the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through the whole vehicle communication circuit to realize mutual recognition between the battery and the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment. In the case that the electric bicycle has not been installed with a battery, if it is detected that the charging and discharging mutual recognition module is powered by the charging port, the single-chip microcomputer controls the NMOS tube Q0 to be conductive, allowing current to flow from the charger to the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment, so that power supply and detection of the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment can be realized even in the absence of the battery. In this way, the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment can be detected even without the battery. The present embodiment can realize performance detection in the absence of the battery, reducing the number of assembly and disassembly, improving production efficiency; reducing the cost of additional disassembly and reassembly due to problems found after the battery is installed; allowing detection of the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment before the battery is installed, discovering and solving problems in advance, avoiding subsequent rework; realizing mutual recognition between the battery, the charger and the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment during charging and discharging, improving the electrical safety of the electric bicycle; realizing effective communication and mutual recognition between the charger, the battery and the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment, enhancing the compatibility between systems. The above vehicle-mounted electrical equipment can be any electrical equipment of the whole electric bicycle, or a controller on the electric bicycle, through which other electrical equipment of the whole vehicle can be controlled.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, the charging communication circuit comprises a first sending module and a first receiving module, wherein the first sending module is connected with the charger through the first communication bus, and the first sending module sends first data through the first communication bus, wherein the first data comprises parameters of the battery; the first receiving module is connected with the charger through the first communication bus, and the first receiving module receives second data sent by the charger through the first communication bus, wherein the second data comprises parameters of the charger; and the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module realizes mutual recognition between the battery and the charger based on the first data and the second data.

[0046] In the above embodiment, efficient communication and mutual recognition between the battery and the charger can be realized in the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module. Specifically, the first sending module sends first data containing battery parameters to the charger through the first communication bus, ensuring that the charger can obtain accurate battery information; the first receiving module receives second data containing charger parameters from the charger through the first communication bus, so that the single-chip microcomputer can verify whether the charger meets the requirements; based on the interaction of the first data and the second data, bidirectional authentication between the battery and the charger is realized, improving the reliability and safety of the system and avoiding potential safety problems caused by mismatched chargers. In addition, this design enables the circuit to be activated through the charging port when the electric bicycle is not installed with a battery, thereby supporting power supply and detection of on-board electrical equipment, that is, while ensuring safety and reliability, the flexibility and efficiency of the production and detection process are significantly improved, and the production cost is reduced.

[0047] This embodiment realizes more accurate and sufficient information exchange between the battery and the charger through the first sending module and the first receiving module, including parameters of the battery (such as voltage, capacity, remaining power, etc.) and parameters of the charger (such as charging power, charging mode, etc.). Based on these parameter information, the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module can more accurately judge the compatibility and state between the battery and the charger, thereby ensuring the safety and efficiency of the charging process. Through a perfect mutual recognition mechanism, risks such as overheating, short circuit or other potential safety problems caused by using incompatible chargers can be avoided, and users can use the electric bicycle for charging with more peace of mind, reducing worries and troubles caused by charging incompatibility or failure. The mutual recognition process enables the charger to adjust the optimal charging strategy according to the specific parameters of the battery, thereby improving the charging efficiency and prolonging the battery life. The automatic identification process simplifies the user's operation, reduces the possibility of misoperation, and improves the overall user experience.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, as Figure 5As shown, the first sending module comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a first triode Q1, a second triode Q2 and a third triode Q3, wherein the emitter of the first triode Q1 is electrically connected with the first power supply end, the first resistor R1 is connected between the emitter of the first triode Q1 and the base of the first triode Q1, the base of the first triode Q1 is electrically connected with the first data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer through the second resistor R2, the first data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the base of the second triode Q2 through the third resistor R3, the emitter of the second triode Q2 is electrically connected with the source of the NMOS tube Q0, the collector of the second triode Q2 is electrically connected with the base of the third triode Q3, the collector of the third triode Q3 is electrically connected with the first communication bus, the collector of the first triode Q1 is electrically connected with the base of the third triode Q3 through the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5 is connected between the base of the second triode Q2 and the emitter of the second triode Q2, and the emitter of the third triode Q3 is electrically connected with the emitter of the second triode Q2 through the sixth resistor R6; the first receiving module comprises a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8 and a first diode D1, wherein the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 are connected in series between the first data receiving port of the single-chip microcomputer and the first communication bus, the connection point between the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 is electrically connected with the anode of the first diode D1, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected with the first power supply end; the charging communication circuit further comprises a ninth resistor R9, and the ninth resistor R9 is connected between the first communication bus and the second power supply end.

[0049] In the above embodiment, the first sending module can ensure that the data signal emitted from the single-chip microcomputer can be stably transmitted to the first communication bus, thereby realizing effective communication with the charger; the overcurrent protection circuit formed by the third triode Q3 and the sixth resistor R6 improves the overcurrent protection capability of the mutual recognition module; the first receiving module realizes resistance voltage division and diode protection mechanism, thereby ensuring that the data signal received from the charger can be correctly parsed within the safe working range of the single-chip microcomputer; the additional ninth resistor R9 as a pull-up resistor ensures the high impedance characteristic of the first communication bus in the idle state, thereby avoiding unnecessary interference. The reliability and stability of the system are improved through the embodiment.

[0050] The first sending module in the embodiment uses three triodes (the first triode Q1 to the third triode Q3) as switching or amplifying elements to control the sending of signals. The first triode Q1 is a PNP triode, the second triode Q2 and the third triode Q3 are both NPN triodes, and appropriate bias voltages are set by a plurality of resistors (such as the first resistor R1 to the sixth resistor R6) to ensure that the triodes work under appropriate conditions and limit the current to protect the circuit. For example, when the first data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer is at a high level, the first triode Q1 is turned off, and by adjusting the resistance values of the third resistor R3 and the fifth resistor R5, the second triode Q2 can be turned on to pull the base of the third triode Q3 low, so that the third triode Q3 is turned off. At this time, the first communication bus is pulled to a high level state by an external power supply (such as the second power supply end described above), and the first data receiving port is also consistent with the level of the first communication bus. When the first data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer is at a low level, the first triode Q1 is turned on, and the second triode Q2 is turned off. The first triode Q1 can transmit the power (such as 3.3V or 5V) of the first power supply end to the base of the third triode Q3 to turn on the third triode Q3. The third triode Q3 pulls the level of the first communication bus low, and a low-level signal can be detected at the first data receiving port. The seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 form a voltage dividing network to adjust the signal level received from the first communication bus to be suitable for the single-chip microcomputer to process. The first diode D1 is used as a clamping diode to prevent the voltage at the receiving end from being too high and to protect the single-chip microcomputer from damage. The circuit in the embodiment is provided with an external pull-up power supply. For example, the first communication bus is connected to the second power supply end through the ninth resistor R9, the second power supply end can be connected to a 3.3V or 5V power supply, and the first power supply end can be a power supply inside the mutual authentication module, such as a battery or a charger. The working power supply obtained after the voltage provided by the charger is stepped down by a voltage reduction circuit provides working voltage for the internal circuit of the mutual authentication module. The voltage of the first power supply end can be 3.3V or 5V. The source of the NMOS tube Q0 is the negative electrode of the charger.

[0051] In an alternative embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 the charging communication circuit further comprises a tenth resistor R10 and a second diode D2, wherein the tenth resistor R10 is connected between the base of the second triode Q2 and the negative electrode of the second diode D2, and the positive electrode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the first communication bus.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the tenth resistor R10 and the second diode D2 are added in the charging communication circuit, together with the fifth resistor R5 and the second transistor Q2 to form an overvoltage protection circuit, which improves the overvoltage protection capability of the mutual recognition module circuit. The signal on the first communication bus can effectively prevent interfering with the normal work of the second transistor Q2, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the communication. At the same time, the forward conduction characteristic of the second diode D2 can protect the circuit from excessive voltage impact, thereby enhancing the robustness of the entire system.

[0053] In the above embodiment, the tenth resistor R10 and the second diode D2 are added in the charging communication circuit, together with the fifth resistor R5 and the second transistor Q2 to form an overvoltage protection circuit, which improves the overvoltage protection capability of the mutual recognition module circuit. The signal on the first communication bus can effectively prevent interfering with the normal work of the second transistor Q2, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the communication. At the same time, the forward conduction characteristic of the second diode D2 can protect the circuit from excessive voltage impact, thereby enhancing the robustness of the entire system.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, the whole vehicle communication circuit comprises a second sending module, wherein the second sending module is connected with the vehicle electrical equipment through a second communication bus, and the second sending module sends third data through the second communication bus, wherein the third data comprises parameters of the battery.

[0055] In the above embodiment, the second sending module is responsible for data communication with the vehicle electrical equipment. The second sending module is connected with the vehicle electrical equipment through the second communication bus, and the second sending module sends third data, which includes parameters of the battery such as key information of power, voltage, and temperature. The third data sent by the second sending module enables the vehicle electrical equipment to identify the state of the battery and adjust its operation according to the information to ensure compatibility and safety with the battery.

[0056] The second sending module transmits the key parameters (such as the power, voltage, current, temperature, etc.) of the battery to the vehicle electrical equipment in real time or on demand through the data transmission channel of the second communication bus. These electrical equipment can include a display screen, a controller, an alarm system, etc., which need these battery parameters to perform corresponding functions, such as displaying power information, adjusting the output power of the motor, triggering a low power alarm, etc. By sending the battery parameters through the second sending module, the vehicle electrical equipment can adjust its own settings according to these parameters, improve the compatibility with different batteries, and avoid unsafe operations such as overcharging and over-discharging according to the battery parameters, thereby enhancing the safety of the entire system. By updating the battery status in real time, the vehicle electrical equipment can more effectively manage energy and optimize the performance of the electric bicycle. Users can rely on the information provided by the vehicle electrical equipment, such as the remaining power and the estimated driving range, to obtain a better riding experience.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, as shown in Figure 6 The second sending module includes an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, a fifteenth resistor R15, a fourth transistor Q4, and a fifth transistor Q5. The eleventh resistor R11 is connected between the second data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer and the base of the fourth transistor Q4. The emitter of the fourth transistor Q4 is electrically connected to the source of the NMOS tube Q0. The collector of the fourth transistor Q4 is electrically connected to the base of the fifth transistor Q5 through the twelfth resistor R12. The thirteenth resistor R13 is connected between the base of the fifth transistor Q5 and the negative electrode of the battery. The emitter of the fifth transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery through the fourteenth resistor R14. The collector of the fifth transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the second communication bus. The collector of the fourth transistor Q4 is also electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery through the fifteenth resistor R15. The whole vehicle communication circuit further includes a sixteenth resistor R16, which is connected between the second communication bus and the third power supply end.

[0058] In the above embodiment, the second sending module includes the eleventh resistor R11 to the fifteenth resistor R15, and the fourth transistor Q4 and the fifth transistor Q5. The second sending module can ensure that the data signal emitted from the single-chip microcomputer can be stably transmitted to the second communication bus, thereby realizing effective communication with the vehicle electrical equipment. The additional sixteenth resistor R16 acts as a pull-up resistor, ensuring the high impedance characteristic of the second communication bus in the idle state, and avoiding unnecessary interference. This embodiment improves the reliability and stability of the system.

[0059] When the mutual recognition module sends a high level signal, i.e. the single-chip microcomputer sends a high level signal through the second data sending port, the fourth transistor Q4 is turned on, thereby pulling down the base voltage of the fifth transistor Q5, and the fifth transistor Q5 is turned off. At this time, the second communication bus voltage will be pulled high by the external pull-up (such as the third power supply end described above); when the mutual recognition module sends a low level, i.e. the single-chip microcomputer sends a low level signal through the second data sending port, the fourth transistor Q4 is turned off, and the current from the positive pole of the battery will pull up the base voltage of the fifth transistor Q5 so that the fifth transistor Q5 is turned on, thereby pulling down the second communication bus level. Through the circuit, the purpose of sending the battery parameters to the vehicle electrical equipment is achieved. The circuit in the embodiment is provided with an external pull-up power supply. As described above, the second communication bus is connected to the third power supply end through the sixteenth resistor R16. The third power supply end can be connected to a 3.3V or 5V power supply. The sixteenth resistor R16 is used as a pull-up resistor to ensure that when there is no signal on the second communication bus, it is maintained at a known logic state (high or low) to avoid the uncertainty caused by floating input.

[0060] It should be noted that in actual application, the mutual recognition between the battery and the vehicle electrical equipment can be that the mutual recognition module unilaterally sends the battery parameters to the vehicle electrical equipment through the second communication bus, and then the vehicle electrical equipment decides whether to work according to the battery parameters sent by the mutual recognition module, and the vehicle electrical equipment does not need to reply data (or parameters of the vehicle electrical equipment) to the mutual recognition module; or according to the needs of users or the market, the mutual recognition module also receives the data (such as related parameters of the vehicle electrical equipment) replied by the vehicle electrical equipment, and the battery can make relevant adjustments according to the data replied by the vehicle electrical equipment, so as to realize the mutual recognition of the two.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, as shown in Figure 6 the whole vehicle communication circuit further comprises a sixth transistor Q6, a seventeenth resistor R17 and an eighteenth resistor R18. The collector of the sixth transistor Q6 is electrically connected to the base of the fifth transistor Q5, the emitter of the sixth transistor Q6 is electrically connected to the negative pole of the battery, the base of the sixth transistor Q6 is electrically connected to the second communication bus through the seventeenth resistor R17, and the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected between the base of the sixth transistor Q6 and the emitter of the sixth transistor Q6.

[0062] In the above embodiment, the high-voltage protection circuit is composed of the sixth transistor Q6, the seventeenth resistor R17 and the eighteenth resistor R18, which improves the overvoltage protection capability of the mutual recognition module circuit. When the second communication bus voltage is accidentally pulled up to an abnormal voltage, if the fifth transistor Q5 is always in an open state, it is easy to be burned out. The seventeenth resistor R17 and the eighteenth resistor R18 form a voltage-controlled base voltage of the sixth transistor Q6, so that the base voltage of the fifth transistor Q5 is pulled down after the sixth transistor Q6 is turned on, thereby automatically turning off the fifth transistor Q5.

[0063] In an optional embodiment, as shown in Figure 6 The whole vehicle communication circuit further includes a power supply mode detection module, which includes the seventh transistor Q7, the nineteenth resistor R19 and the twentieth resistor R20. The nineteenth resistor R19 is connected between the base of the seventh transistor Q7 and the emitter of the sixth transistor Q6. The emitter of the seventh transistor Q7 is electrically connected with the source of the NMOS tube Q0. The collector of the seventh transistor Q7 is electrically connected with the fourth power supply end through the twentieth resistor R20.

[0064] In the above embodiment, the whole vehicle communication circuit can be activated by the charging port power supply when the electric bicycle is not installed with a battery, and the working state of the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment can be detected. Specifically, the power supply mode detection module can detect whether the current is in the charging port power supply mode, and control the NMOS tube Q0 to be turned on in this mode, thereby realizing the power supply and detection of the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment. This effectively solves the problem that the performance detection cannot be performed due to the lack of a battery in the prior art, improves the flexibility and efficiency of production, and reduces the production cost.

[0065] The power supply mode detection module includes a seventh transistor Q7, a nineteenth resistor R19 and a twentieth resistor R20. The nineteenth resistor R19 is connected between the base of the seventh transistor Q7 and the emitter of the sixth transistor Q6, and functions to regulate the base current. The emitter of the seventh transistor Q7 is connected to the source of the NMOS tube Q0. The collector of the seventh transistor Q7 is connected to the fourth power supply end through the twentieth resistor R20. The collector of the seventh transistor Q7 serves as a detection end (or output end) of the power supply mode detection module. The high and low levels output through the detection end can detect whether the power supply of the mutual recognition module comes from the battery or the charging port in the case that the NMOS tube Q0 is not turned on. For example, when the power supply comes from the battery, the current flows from the negative electrode of the charger (or the source of the NMOS tube Q0) to the negative electrode of the battery through the body diode of the NMOS tube Q0, and the voltage difference between the negative electrode of the charger and the negative electrode of the battery is 0.5V-0.7V (the voltage depends on the material of the field effect tube). At this time, the base of the seventh transistor Q7 is pulled low and cannot be turned on, and the voltage of the detection end is high. When the power supply comes from the charging port (the battery is not installed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery), the current of the positive electrode of the battery flows through the fifteenth resistor R15, the twelfth resistor R12, the fifth transistor Q5 (bc electrode), the twenty-second resistor R22 and the third diode D3 to the low-voltage power supply of the mutual recognition module, thereby forming a high voltage at the negative electrode of the battery. The voltage can pass through the nineteenth resistor R19 to turn on the seventh transistor Q7 and pull it low. At this time, the voltage of the detection end is low. Therefore, the power supply source can be judged by the level of the detection end of the power supply mode detection module. When it is detected that the power supply comes from the charging port, the NMOS tube Q0 is controlled to be turned on, thereby realizing the power supply and performance detection of the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment. The voltage of the above-mentioned fourth power supply end can be 3.3V or 5V.

[0066] In an optional embodiment, the whole vehicle communication circuit further comprises a second receiving module, wherein the second receiving module is connected with the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through the second communication bus, and the second receiving module receives fourth data sent by the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through the second communication bus, wherein the fourth data comprises parameters of the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment; and the e-bike charging and discharging mutual recognition module realizes mutual recognition between the battery and the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment based on the third data and the fourth data.

[0067] In the above embodiment, the second receiving module in the whole vehicle communication circuit can receive parameter data from the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment, and combine the battery parameter data sent by the single-chip microcomputer. In this way, the second receiving module receives fourth data from the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through the second communication bus, so that the single-chip microcomputer can verify whether the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment meets the requirements. Based on the interaction of the third data and the fourth data, bidirectional authentication between the battery and the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment is realized, the reliability and safety of the system are improved, potential safety problems caused by mismatched vehicle-mounted electrical equipment are avoided, accurate mutual authentication between the battery and the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment is realized, and the reliability and compatibility of the system are improved.

[0068] The second receiving module is connected with the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through the second communication bus and is responsible for receiving the fourth data sent by the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment. These data contain parameter information of the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment, which may include the type, working state, power consumption, etc. of the electrical equipment. At the same time, combined with the third data (parameters of the battery) mentioned earlier, the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual authentication module can determine whether the battery is compatible with the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment and whether the output parameters of the battery need to be adjusted to meet the needs of the electrical equipment according to the preset algorithm or logic. The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual authentication module can realize mutual authentication between the battery and the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment based on these data.

[0069] In an optional embodiment, as shown in Figure 6 The second receiving module includes a twenty-first resistor R21, a twenty-second resistor R22, and a third diode D3. The twenty-first resistor R21 and the twenty-second resistor R22 are connected in series between the second data receiving port of the single-chip microcomputer and the second communication bus. The connection point between the twenty-first resistor R21 and the twenty-second resistor R22 is electrically connected to the anode of the third diode. The cathode of the third diode is electrically connected to the fifth power supply end.

[0070] In the above embodiment, the second receiving module can effectively receive the fourth data from the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment. Specifically, the voltage dividing network composed of the twenty-first resistor R21 and the twenty-second resistor R22 can stabilize signal transmission and prevent voltage fluctuations from affecting the single-chip microcomputer. At the same time, the third diode D3 plays a protective role to prevent excessively high voltage from damaging the data receiving port of the single-chip microcomputer. This design improves the reliability and stability of the system and ensures the normal operation of the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual authentication module in various working environments. The twenty-first resistor R21 and the twenty-second resistor R22 form a voltage dividing network to adjust the signal level received from the second communication bus to be suitable for the single-chip microcomputer. The third diode D3 is used as a clamping diode to prevent the voltage at the receiving end from being too high and to protect the single-chip microcomputer from damage. The voltage of the above-mentioned fifth power supply end can be 3.3V or 5V.

[0071] In an optional embodiment, the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module further includes a step-down circuit, wherein the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the step-down circuit are electrically connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the charger, respectively, and the output terminal of the step-down circuit is electrically connected to the power supply terminal of the microcontroller. The output terminal of the step-down circuit is used to provide operating voltage to the microcontroller.

[0072] This buck circuit converts the high-voltage DC power supplied by the charger (or battery) into a low-voltage DC power suitable for the microcontroller's operation. The addition of the buck circuit allows the microcontroller to obtain a stable operating voltage, enabling it to function normally even without a battery. The voltage provided by the charger may be higher than the voltage required by the microcontroller (e.g., the charger may be 12V or higher, while the microcontroller may need 3.3V or 5V). The buck circuit is responsible for converting the higher input voltage to a lower voltage suitable for the microcontroller's operation. The buck circuit can provide one or more different low-voltage DC powers, such as 3.3V, 5V, or other voltages. This low-voltage DC power not only provides the operating voltage for the microcontroller but can also power other circuits in the interoperability module.

[0073] In the aforementioned embodiments, the voltages of the first to fifth power supply terminals can all be 3.3V or 5V.

[0074] It should be noted that the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The utility model will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0075] This utility model embodiment provides a charging and discharging mutual recognition module for electric bicycles that conforms to national standards (which can be referred to as a mutual recognition module). According to national standards, electric bicycles should have charging and discharging mutual recognition functions. Therefore, it is necessary to add a module next to the battery that can establish a communication connection with the charger and the whole vehicle, and can open and close the charging circuit of the battery.

[0076] This invention proposes a module for controlling the negative terminal switching based on a unidirectional N-type field-effect transistor (i.e., the aforementioned NMOS transistor Q0), using the N-type field-effect transistor to control the charging circuit. For example... Figure 2 As shown. Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the charging circuit connecting the battery and charger in the mutual recognition module. The charger's positive terminal (C+) is directly connected to the battery's positive terminal (B+), the charger's negative terminal (C-) is connected to the source of the N-type field-effect transistor inside the mutual recognition module, and the battery's negative terminal (B-) is connected to the drain of the N-type field-effect transistor inside the mutual recognition module. When the N-type field-effect transistor inside the mutual recognition module is not conducting, the charger cannot forcibly charge the battery.

[0077] The mutual recognition module is powered by direct current between B+ (or C+) and C-, so that the mutual recognition module can be powered and work normally whether the direct current is supplied from the charging port or the battery (the body diode of the N-type field effect tube can allow the battery to supply power to the mutual recognition module). The power supply circuits of the two modes are shown in Figure 3 Figure 3 The dashed box with an arrow represents the two power supply circuits, and the dashed box without an arrow represents the charge-discharge mutual recognition module.

[0078] The mutual recognition module provided by the utility model has a communication function, can establish a communication connection between the charger and other electrical accessories (corresponding to the aforementioned vehicle-mounted electrical equipment) of the electric bicycle under the condition that the N-type field effect tube is not turned on, and adopts a single-wire bidirectional communication mode (low level is a dominant bit).

[0079] Figure 4 It is a kind of internal electrical structure block diagram of mutual recognition module provided by the utility model embodiment, including voltage reduction circuit, single-chip microcomputer, charging communication circuit, whole vehicle communication circuit and NMOS tube Q0, wherein, voltage reduction circuit is used to provide the working voltage of single-chip microcomputer and the power supply required by other circuits in mutual recognition module, single-chip microcomputer communicates with charger through charging communication circuit, and single-chip microcomputer also communicates with other electrical equipment (corresponding to the aforementioned vehicle-mounted electrical equipment) of whole vehicle through whole vehicle communication circuit.

[0080] The communication form of mutual recognition module and charger is shown in Figure 5

[0081] The circuit needs to be provided with an external pull-up power supply, and the circuit can make the level of the communication bus consistent with the transceiver end, has overcurrent protection and overvoltage protection functions.

[0082] When the data transmission is at a high level, the control chip (such as a single-chip microcomputer) pulls up the data transmission point level to 3.3V / 5V chip supply voltage, at this time the first triode Q1 is turned off, by adjusting the resistance value of the third resistor R3 and the fifth resistor R5, the second triode Q2 can be turned on to pull down the base of the third triode Q3, so that the third triode Q3 is turned off, at this time the bus should be pulled up to a high level state by the outside, and the data receiving port (corresponding to the aforementioned first data receiving port) should also be consistent with the communication bus level. Figure 5 The data transmission in the above formula corresponds to the aforementioned first data transmission port, Figure 5 The communication bus in the above formula corresponds to the aforementioned first communication bus.

[0083] ​​When the data transmission is at low level, the control chip pulls the data transmission point to C-potential, at this time the first transistor Q1 is turned on and the second transistor Q2 is turned off, the first transistor Q1 can transmit 3.3V / 5V power to the base of the third transistor Q3 so that the third transistor Q3 is turned on, and the third transistor Q3 pulls the level of the communication bus low. And the low level signal can be detected at the data receiving end.

[0084] If the data transmission is at high level and the low level signal is detected at the data receiving end, it can be considered that the external device is sending data to the module.

[0085] Overvoltage protection, if the third transistor Q3 is always in the open state when the communication bus voltage is accidentally pulled up to an abnormal voltage, it is easy to burn out. The utility model forms a voltage controlled base voltage of the second transistor Q2 by using the tenth resistor R10 and the fifth resistor R5, and the second transistor Q2 is turned on to pull down the base voltage of the third transistor Q3, so that the third transistor Q3 is automatically turned off. And when the communication bus is accidentally pulled up, the receiving circuit will discharge the power through the first diode D1 and protect the port of the control chip.

[0086] Overcurrent protection, when the current flowing through the third transistor Q3 is too large, a voltage will be generated across the sixth resistor R6, which will raise the emitter voltage of the third transistor Q3, thereby reducing the base current of the third transistor Q3, so that the third transistor Q3 enters the amplification zone, thereby reducing the current borne by the third transistor Q3.

[0087] The communication form between the mutual recognition module and other electrical equipment (corresponding to the aforementioned vehicle electrical equipment) is as shown in the figure. Figure 6

[0088] When the N-type field effect transistor is not in the open state, the negative electrode of the battery is not directly connected to the negative electrode of the mutual recognition module, and there is a diode in one direction. By using the above circuit, communication connection can be established between the mutual recognition module and other electrical equipment of the whole vehicle without turning on the N-type field effect transistor. Similarly, the pull-up resistor of the communication bus is provided externally.

[0089] Figure 6 C- is the negative electrode of the charger (also the negative electrode of the mutual recognition module), connected to the source of the N-type field effect transistor, and B- is the negative electrode of the battery (the negative electrode of other electrical equipment, the drain of the N-type field effect transistor). In the state that the N-type field effect transistor is not turned on, there is a body diode of the field effect transistor between C- and B-, with C- as the anode and B- as the cathode. When the battery is connected to B+ and B-, the power of the battery can flow from the positive electrode B+ of the battery through the mutual recognition module back to the negative electrode B- of the battery.

[0090] ​When the N-type field effect transistor is not conducting, the mutual recognition module sends a high level signal to make the fourth transistor Q4 conducting, so that the base voltage of the fifth transistor Q5 is pulled low to make it off, at this time the bus voltage will be pulled high by the external pull-up; when the mutual recognition module sends a low level, the fourth transistor Q4 is off, then the current from B+ will pull the base voltage of the fifth transistor Q5 high to make the fifth transistor Q5 conducting to pull the bus voltage low. When the N-type field effect transistor is conducting, its working mode is similar to the above, which will not be described in detail. Figure 6 The data transmission in the second data transmission port corresponds to the second data transmission port, Figure 6 The communication bus in the second communication bus corresponds to the second communication bus.

[0091] A power supply end detection circuit (corresponding to the power supply mode detection module) formed by the nineteenth resistor R19, the twentieth resistor R20 and the seventh transistor Q7 is added in the circuit, through which the high and low levels (such as Figure 6 The level output by the power supply mode detection port in the second data transmission port can detect whether the current power supply of the module comes from the battery or the charging port without turning on the N-type field effect transistor.

[0092] When powered by the battery, the current flows from C- to B- through the body diode of the field effect transistor, and the voltage difference between C- and B- is 0.5V-0.7V (the voltage depends on the material of the field effect transistor). At this time, the base of the seventh transistor Q7 is pulled low and cannot be turned on, and the detection voltage is high.

[0093] When powered by the charging port (no battery pack is installed between B+ and B-), in the case that the fourth transistor Q4 is not conducting, the current of B+ will flow through the fifteenth resistor R15, the twelfth resistor R12, the base of the fifth transistor Q5, the twenty-second resistor R22 and the third diode D3 to the low voltage power supply of the mutual recognition module, thereby forming a high voltage at the B- position, which can pass through the nineteenth resistor R19 to turn on the seventh transistor Q7 and pull it low, and the detection voltage is low.

[0094] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the related description of other embodiments.

[0095] The above is only an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, which cannot limit the scope of the present disclosure. Any equivalent changes and modifications made according to the teachings of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the present disclosure. Other embodiments of the present disclosure will be easily conceived by those skilled in the art after considering the disclosure of the specification.

[0096] The present application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure that come within known or customary practice in the art to which the application pertains or can be related.

Claims

1. An electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module, characterized in that, The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module comprises a single-chip microcomputer, a charging communication circuit, a whole vehicle communication circuit and an NMOS tube. The drain of the NMOS tube is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the source of the NMOS tube is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the charger, the positive electrode of the battery is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the charger, and the charging loop of the battery is opened or closed by the NMOS tube. When the electric bicycle is equipped with the battery, the single-chip microcomputer is arranged to communicate with the charger through the charging communication circuit to realize mutual recognition between the battery and the charger, and the single-chip microcomputer is also arranged to communicate with the vehicle electrical equipment through the whole vehicle communication circuit to realize mutual recognition between the battery and the vehicle electrical equipment. When the electric bicycle is not equipped with the battery, the single-chip microcomputer controls the NMOS tube to be turned on to supply power to the vehicle electrical equipment and to be detected when it is detected that the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module is powered by the charging port, and the gate of the NMOS tube is electrically connected with the single-chip microcomputer. The charging communication circuit comprises a first sending module and a first receiving module.

2. The electric bicycle charge-discharge mutual recognition module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sending module is connected with the charger through a first communication bus, and the first sending module sends first data through the first communication bus, wherein the first data comprises parameters of the battery. The first receiving module is connected with the charger through the first communication bus, and the first receiving module receives second data sent by the charger through the first communication bus, wherein the second data comprises parameters of the charger. The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module realizes mutual recognition between the battery and the charger based on the first data and the second data.

3. The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module according to claim 2, wherein the first sending module comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a first triode, a second triode and a third triode. The emitter of the first triode is electrically connected with a first power supply end, the first resistor is connected between the emitter of the first triode and the base of the first triode, the base of the first triode is electrically connected with a first data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer through the second resistor, the first data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the base of the second triode through the third resistor, the emitter of the second triode is electrically connected with the source of the NMOS tube, the collector of the second triode is electrically connected with the base of the third triode, the collector of the third triode is electrically connected with the first communication bus, the collector of the first triode is electrically connected with the base of the third triode through the fourth resistor, the fifth resistor is connected between the base of the second triode and the emitter of the second triode, and the emitter of the third triode is electrically connected with the emitter of the second triode through the sixth resistor. ​ The first receiving module comprises a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor and a first diode, wherein the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor are connected in series between a first data receiving port of the single-chip microcomputer and the first communication bus, a connection point between the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor is electrically connected with a positive electrode of the first diode, and a negative electrode of the first diode is electrically connected with the first power supply end; The charging communication circuit further comprises a ninth resistor, and the ninth resistor is connected between the first communication bus and a second power supply end.

4. The electric bicycle charge-discharge mutual recognition module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The charging communication circuit further comprises a tenth resistor and a second diode, wherein the tenth resistor is connected between a base electrode of the second triode and a negative electrode of the second diode, and a positive electrode of the second diode is electrically connected with the first communication bus.

5. The electric bicycle charge-discharge mutual recognition module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The whole vehicle communication circuit comprises a second sending module, wherein The second sending module is connected with the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through a second communication bus, and the second sending module sends third data through the second communication bus, wherein the third data comprises parameters of the battery.

6. The electric bicycle charge-discharge mutual recognition module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second sending module comprises an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a fourth triode and a fifth triode, wherein The eleventh resistor is connected between a second data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer and a base electrode of the fourth triode, an emitter electrode of the fourth triode is electrically connected with a source electrode of the NMOS tube, a collector electrode of the fourth triode is electrically connected with a base electrode of the fifth triode through the twelfth resistor, the thirteenth resistor is connected between the base electrode of the fifth triode and a negative electrode of the battery, an emitter electrode of the fifth triode is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the battery through the fourteenth resistor, a collector electrode of the fifth triode is electrically connected with the second communication bus, and the collector electrode of the fourth triode is also electrically connected with a positive electrode of the battery through the fifteenth resistor; The whole vehicle communication circuit further comprises a sixteenth resistor, and the sixteenth resistor is connected between the second communication bus and a third power supply end.

7. The electric bicycle charge-discharge mutual recognition module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The whole vehicle communication circuit further comprises a sixth triode, a seventeenth resistor and an eighteenth resistor, wherein A collector electrode of the sixth triode is electrically connected with a base electrode of the fifth triode, an emitter electrode of the sixth triode is electrically connected with a negative electrode of the battery, the base electrode of the sixth triode is electrically connected with the second communication bus through the seventeenth resistor, and the eighteenth resistor is connected between the base electrode of the sixth triode and the emitter electrode of the sixth triode.

8. The electric bicycle charge-discharge mutual recognition module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The whole vehicle communication circuit further comprises a power supply mode detection module, and the power supply mode detection module comprises a seventh triode, a nineteenth resistor and a twentieth resistor, wherein the nineteenth resistor is connected between a base electrode of the seventh triode and the emitter electrode of the sixth triode, an emitter electrode of the seventh triode is electrically connected with a source electrode of the NMOS tube, and a collector electrode of the seventh triode is electrically connected with a fourth power supply end through the twentieth resistor.

9. The electric bicycle charge-discharge mutual recognition module according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that, The whole vehicle communication circuit further comprises a second receiving module, wherein The second receiving module is connected with the vehicle electrical equipment through the second communication bus, and receives fourth data transmitted by the vehicle electrical equipment through the second communication bus, wherein the fourth data comprises parameters of the vehicle electrical equipment; The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module realizes mutual recognition between the battery and the vehicle electrical equipment based on the third data and the fourth data.

10. The electric bicycle charge-discharge mutual recognition module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second receiving module comprises a twenty-first resistor, a twenty-second resistor and a third diode, wherein, The twenty-first resistor and the twenty-second resistor are connected in series between a second data receiving port of the single-chip microcomputer and the second communication bus, a connection point between the twenty-first resistor and the twenty-second resistor is electrically connected with a positive electrode of the third diode, and a negative electrode of the third diode is electrically connected with a fifth power supply end.

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