Portable rice and wheat combine harvester

Abstract

The utility model discloses a portable rice and wheat combine harvester which is mainly used for scientific researchers to collect a small amount of rice and wheat or similar crop samples. The device comprises a harvesting part, a threshing and cleaning part, a backpack type negative pressure storage part and a power system. The harvesting part is used for shifting rice and wheat ears into the cutting mechanism through an ear shifting mechanism to cut off ear stems and sending the ear stems into the threshing and cleaning part, the threshing and cleaning part is used for threshing and cleaning the ears through a rotating threshing roller and a fan, and the backpack type negative pressure storage mechanism is used for extracting threshed and cleaned grains through a fan and a conveying hose, removing impurities and storing the grains. The device is compact in structure, light in weight and convenient to carry, disassemble, assemble and clean through modular design, and meets the sampling requirements of various crops. The equipment is simple to operate, can efficiently complete the whole process of harvesting, threshing and storing, is high in sample purity and cleanliness, is low in loss, remarkably reduces the labor intensity, improves the working efficiency, and can be widely applied to the fields of agricultural scientific research, breeding tests, germplasm resource protection and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, specifically to a portable rice and wheat combine harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Rice and wheat, as important food crops worldwide, have always attracted widespread attention in their research and production. In scientific research, to study the yield traits of different rice and wheat varieties, it is necessary to harvest small samples for yield measurement and quality analysis. However, currently, most researchers still rely on traditional manual methods for collecting rice and wheat samples in the field. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to contamination of crop samples, thus affecting the accuracy of the research. Furthermore, due to the low efficiency of manual collection, researchers struggle to efficiently obtain experimental samples when there are many samples, inconsistent maturity periods, or complex environments and inconvenient transportation.

[0003] In recent years, to address the difficulties researchers face in field operations, some lightweight harvesting equipment has emerged on the market. While these devices improve operational convenience to some extent, their functions are often relatively limited, making it difficult to achieve the entire process of harvesting, threshing, and storing crop samples. Although some small mechanized equipment exists in the existing technology, such as small combine harvesters, these devices are mainly designed for large-scale farmland operations and are not suitable for the precise collection of small numbers of samples. They are large, heavy, and complex to operate, and lack adaptability to different crop varieties, failing to meet the needs of researchers for flexible and efficient field operations. Furthermore, these devices are primarily designed for batch harvesting, making it difficult to guarantee the purity and cleanliness of individual samples, resulting in lower separation efficiency and hindering efficient scientific research. In addition, the lack of innovation in the design of key components of these devices easily leads to problems such as incomplete threshing, difficulty in cleaning, and incomplete removal of impurities, further affecting research efficiency and sample quality.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a lightweight harvesting device suitable for field operations by researchers, enabling efficient harvesting, threshing, and storage of small quantities of rice, wheat, and other similar crop samples, while ensuring the purity and cleanliness of the samples. This portable rice and wheat combine harvester is designed to address these issues, aiming to provide researchers with an efficient, precise, and lightweight field operation tool, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a portable rice and wheat combine harvester.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] This utility model discloses a portable rice and wheat combine harvester, comprising a harvesting section, a threshing and cleaning section, a backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism, and a power system;

[0008] The harvesting section includes a feeding bin, a tasseling mechanism, and a cutting mechanism; the feeding bin is bucket-shaped and is used to receive ears of grain; the tasseling mechanism is located above the feeding bin and at the feeding side of the feeding bin, and is used to tuck the ears of grain into the feeding bin; the cutting mechanism is connected to the feeding side of the upper end of the feeding bin and is used to cut the stems.

[0009] The aforementioned threshing and cleaning section includes a threshing drum mechanism and a grain cleaning mechanism;

[0010] The aforementioned threshing drum mechanism is fixedly connected at the lower end of the feed hopper below the outlet.

[0011] The aforementioned threshing drum mechanism includes a threshing chamber and a toothed drum. The threshing chamber is a cylindrical hollow cavity connected to the feed chamber to form a space. The toothed drum is coaxially arranged inside the threshing chamber. Several toothed prongs are arranged on the circumferential surface of the toothed drum. Both ends of the toothed drum are coaxially rotatably connected to a plug and a support ring, respectively. The plug is a circular piece with the same diameter as the inner wall of the threshing chamber. The end of the toothed drum near the plug is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the threshing motor, and the end of the threshing chamber near the support ring is connected to the grain cleaning mechanism. The ear-picking mechanism receives power output from the threshing motor through a transmission mechanism.

[0012] The aforementioned grain cleaning mechanism is fixedly connected to the threshing chamber of the threshing drum mechanism; the aforementioned grain cleaning mechanism, threshing chamber, and feeding chamber together form a working space with only an opening at the top of the feeding chamber;

[0013] The outlet of the aforementioned grain cleaning mechanism is connected to a backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism, which transports and stores the grains cleaned by the grain cleaning mechanism under negative pressure.

[0014] The aforementioned power system includes a battery, a control switch, and a power supply line. The aforementioned threshing motor, grain cleaning mechanism, and backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism are electrically connected to the battery and control switch via the power supply line.

[0015] This portable rice and wheat combine harvester is a lightweight and easy-to-operate device, suitable for researchers to efficiently harvest small quantities of crops in the field. The overall design prioritizes portability and operation, featuring a compact structure, light weight, and integrated functions. The feed hopper, serving as the main collection and conveying device for crop ears, has a bucket-like structure that not only facilitates receiving crop ears but also reduces ear loss due to wind or vibration during operation. The ear-pulling mechanism, located on the upper feeding side of the feed hopper, ensures that crop ears are smoothly pulled into the hopper, preventing ear exposure or accumulation. The cutting mechanism, installed on the upper surface of the feed hopper, quickly cuts the stalks to ensure smooth entry of the crop into the threshing drum mechanism. The threshing drum mechanism and the grain cleaning mechanism are connected through the threshing hopper, forming an efficient working space to complete the entire process of threshing and separating impurities. The entire machine uses a threshing motor as its core power source, with all mechanisms operating collaboratively through a transmission system to achieve efficient operation.

[0016] Furthermore, a tassel-picking cover is provided above the aforementioned feeding hopper. The tassel-picking cover includes two side nets and a rear baffle net, which are integrally formed. The cross-sectional edge contour of the rear baffle net includes two mutually perpendicular straight lines and a smooth curve connecting the two lines. The two side nets are located on both sides of the rear baffle net. The side nets are arranged perpendicularly to the feeding hopper and are located on both sides of the feeding hopper. The lower outer edge of the tassel-picking cover coincides with the edge of the feeding hopper. The tassel-picking cover is fixedly connected to the feeding hopper through a cover frame. A handle is fixedly connected to the feeding hopper.

[0017] The design of the ear-picking guard aims to optimize crop guidance and protection, preventing scattering during ear cutting. The guard utilizes a one-piece molding process for enhanced structural stability and effectively limits ear scattering through a three-sided design (two side nets and a rear baffle). The rear baffle features a smooth curved profile, reducing resistance as the ears enter the feed hopper and improving operational efficiency. The side nets are arranged perpendicular to the feed hopper, increasing overall guard rigidity and effectively preventing ears from scattering from the sides during operation. The use of a guard frame further enhances its robustness; its materials are primarily high-strength, lightweight alloys or engineering plastics to reduce the overall weight of the equipment.

[0018] The handle is the main handheld component of this device. Its design not only meets operational needs but also conforms to ergonomic principles, providing a comfortable grip. The handle surface is covered with a non-slip material, ensuring a stable grip even when wet with sweat or rain. The handle's position relative to the device's overall center of gravity has been precisely calculated to prevent tilting or excessive fatigue during use. Furthermore, the handle's length and diameter are moderate, accommodating the usage habits of different operators.

[0019] Furthermore, the aforementioned tassel-turning mechanism includes:

[0020] Several tassel-pulling devices, wherein the tassel-pulling devices are rods with both ends bent vertically;

[0021] The tassel-pulling shaft is fixedly connected to the two ends of the bent tassel-pulling device; the connection between the tassel-pulling shaft and the tassel-pulling device is located at the two end faces of the tassel-pulling shaft; a number of the tassel-pulling devices are arranged in a circular array along the central axis of the tassel-pulling shaft; and the two ends of the tassel-pulling shaft are rotatably connected to a vertical pole.

[0022] A transmission wheel is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the aforementioned ear-removing shaft;

[0023] The transmission belt is fitted and connected to the aforementioned transmission wheel;

[0024] A drive wheel is coaxially fixedly connected to the aforementioned toothed roller and is fitted and connected to the transmission belt.

[0025] The ear-picking mechanism achieves efficient ear-picking through the cooperation of the ear-picking device and the ear-picking shaft. The ear-picking device features a vertically bent design at both ends, allowing it to cover a larger area and reduce missed ears. The ear-picking shaft connects to the ear-picking device at both ends, ensuring more even and reliable ear-picking action. The rotation of the ear-picking shaft is driven by a drive wheel and a drive belt. The transmission system transmits power to the threshing shaft via the drive wheel, ensuring synchronized operation of the ear-picking mechanism and the threshing drum mechanism. This design improves power utilization and reduces system complexity.

[0026] Furthermore, the aforementioned cutting mechanism includes:

[0027] A fixed shearing blade is provided, comprising a long strip-shaped body and several shearing teeth, one side of which is set as a cutting edge; the several shearing teeth are vertically fixedly connected to the two long sides of the long strip-shaped body and arranged in a uniform straight-line array along the long strip-shaped body; the fixed shearing blade is arranged parallel to the edge of the feeding side of the feeding hopper and is fixedly connected to the feeding hopper by multiple bolts.

[0028] The movable shearing blade has a blade direction opposite to that of the fixed shearing blade, so that the blades of the two blades form a scissor-like structure. The movable shearing blade is provided with several oblong holes that mate with multiple bolts, allowing the movable shearing blade to move in a limited manner along a straight line formed by the multiple bolts. The movable shearing blade performs reciprocating linear motion under the drive of the reciprocating drive mechanism, so that the shearing teeth continuously complete the cutting action.

[0029] The pressure strip, positioned above the aforementioned movable cutting blade, is connected to the fixed cutting blade and the feed hopper.

[0030] The cutting mechanism utilizes a scissor-like structure composed of a fixed cutting blade and a movable cutting blade to precisely sever crop stems. The fixed cutting blade has evenly distributed teeth, with its blades pointing opposite to the direction of stem movement to enhance cutting force. The movable cutting blade is fixed to bolts via oblong holes and can move in a limited linear direction under the action of a reciprocating drive mechanism, forming a continuous cutting motion. A pressure strip is installed above the movable cutting blade; its function is to maintain the stem's stable position during cutting, preventing vibration or displacement from affecting the cutting effect.

[0031] Furthermore, the aforementioned reciprocating drive mechanism includes:

[0032] Cam;

[0033] A cam motor whose output shaft is fixedly connected to the aforementioned cam; the aforementioned cam motor drives the cam to rotate.

[0034] A reciprocating connecting rod, one end of which engages with the aforementioned cam, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the movable shearing blade; the reciprocating connecting rod, under the action of the cam rotation, drives the movable shearing blade to reciprocate;

[0035] A roller assembly that is clamped on the upper and lower sides of the reciprocating connecting rod to restrict its vertical movement;

[0036] The encapsulation housing encapsulates the aforementioned cam, cam motor, and roller assembly; one end of the aforementioned reciprocating linkage connected to the movable shearing blade extends from the inside of the encapsulation housing to the outside through a through hole.

[0037] One end is connected to the aforementioned reciprocating linkage, and the other end is connected to the encapsulation shell, forming a spring mechanism in an elongated state.

[0038] The reciprocating drive mechanism converts the motor's rotary motion into linear reciprocating motion through the cooperation of a cam and a reciprocating connecting rod, thereby driving the movable shear strip to perform continuous cutting. The cam surface is specially designed to reduce frictional loss during operation while ensuring smooth movement of the connecting rod. Roller sets are clamped on the upper and lower sides of the connecting rod to limit any vertical movement that may occur during the cutting process. The return mechanism uses a high-strength spring or elastic rope design to quickly return the movable shear strip to its initial position after cutting, improving cutting efficiency.

[0039] Furthermore, the aforementioned enclosure is shaped like a handle; it not only protects the internal transmission components from external environmental influences but also provides an easy-to-grip structure for the operator. The handle-shaped enclosure surface is frosted to prevent slippage due to sweat or moisture. The internal layout is compact, with cams, roller assemblies, and linkage mechanisms rationally distributed to reduce the size and weight of the equipment.

[0040] Furthermore, the aforementioned grain cleaning and sorting institutions include:

[0041] A threshing chamber with one end having the same diameter as the aforementioned threshing chamber and being coaxially connected, and the other end being sealed;

[0042] A conveying chamber is vertically positioned below the threshing chamber, and the two are connected; the backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism is connected to the lower end of the conveying chamber.

[0043] A sieve plate installed at the connection between the threshing chamber and the conveying chamber;

[0044] A fan connected to the conveyor compartment via a pipe; the fan's airflow direction is obliquely upward, pointing towards the central axis of the conveyor compartment.

[0045] The grain cleaning mechanism purifies and collects grains through the combined operation of a threshing chamber, a conveying chamber, and a sieve plate. The threshing chamber has the same diameter as the main threshing chamber and uses airflow generated by a fan to blow away light impurities, ensuring grain purity. The sieve plate ensures that only grains can pass through. The bottom of the conveying chamber connects to a backpack-style negative pressure storage mechanism for easy sample collection. The fan's airflow direction is designed to be angled upwards to help prevent secondary mixing of grains during separation due to airflow.

[0046] Furthermore, the aforementioned nail teeth are provided in several groups, with each group of nail teeth arranged in a uniform linear arithmetic array; the several groups of nail teeth are arranged in a circular array along the central axis of the nail tooth roller.

[0047] A hammer head is provided at the end of the aforementioned nail teeth that is not connected to the nail tooth roller;

[0048] The aforementioned support ring includes an outer ring that is fixedly engaged with the inner wall of the threshing chamber, and an inner ring that is coaxially connected by fewer than five support rods; the inner ring is fitted and connected to the toothed roller.

[0049] The threshing head of the spiked teeth has a special shape design to reduce damage to the grains. The spiked teeth are arranged in an arithmetic linear array, making the threshing action more uniform. The support ring structure, with inner and outer rings connected, maintains the stability of the threshing shaft without affecting the rotation of the threshing rod.

[0050] Furthermore, the aforementioned uprights are provided with several through holes that allow the height of the tassel-picking shaft to be adjusted. The tassel-picking shaft is detachably and rotatably connected to the two uprights through two through holes of the same height.

[0051] The upright pole features multiple through-holes, allowing for height adjustment of the reaming shaft to accommodate harvesting needs at different crop heights. This design considers the diversity of crop types and maturity levels in field operations, facilitating rapid equipment adjustments by researchers based on crop characteristics. The detachable connection of the reaming shaft also facilitates later cleaning and maintenance of the equipment.

[0052] Furthermore, the aforementioned backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism includes a backpack-type storage section and a delivery hose; a negative pressure fan is installed inside the backpack-type storage section to keep the inside of the backpack-type storage section under negative pressure; one end of the delivery hose is connected to the backpack-type storage section, and the other end is connected to the delivery compartment.

[0053] The backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism is the core component of this equipment for grain collection and storage, consisting of a backpack-type storage section and a conveying hose. A negative pressure fan is installed inside the backpack-type storage section, maintaining a negative pressure environment to efficiently absorb and transport the grains. One end of the conveying hose connects to the backpack-type storage section, and the other end connects to the conveying chamber, forming a complete negative pressure conveying channel.

[0054] The negative pressure fan design ensures that the grains are quickly and smoothly drawn into the backpack-style storage compartment after cleaning, preventing grain retention or leakage during transport. Furthermore, the backpack-style storage compartment features an ergonomic carrying design with a lightweight outer shell, reducing the user's burden and improving ease of use in the field. The conveying hose is made of high-strength, bend-resistant flexible material, ensuring durability during prolonged use and facilitating flexible operation by researchers in the field.

[0055] The power system is the core support component for the operation of this equipment, consisting of a battery, control switches, and power supply lines. The battery provides a stable DC power supply, ensuring the long-term, efficient operation of the threshing motor, grain cleaning mechanism, and backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism. The control switch is designed to be simple and intuitive, allowing users to control the equipment's on and off with a single switch, improving operational convenience.

[0056] The power supply line features multi-layer insulation and a waterproof design, enabling it to withstand dusty and humid working environments in the field, ensuring operational safety and equipment stability. The battery capacity has been precisely calculated to support continuous operation for typical field sampling needs, while also providing quick replacement or charging capabilities to meet the high-efficiency operational requirements of researchers. The overall power system design emphasizes compactness, distributing battery weight rationally within the equipment to avoid adding extra burden and ensure operational balance and portability.

[0057] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0058] It can efficiently collect samples of rice, wheat and other similar crops, avoiding the time-consuming and labor-intensive disadvantages of traditional manual collection, and effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of sample collection.

[0059] The device causes minimal damage to crops during sample collection, effectively maintaining sample integrity while significantly reducing sample loss and contamination.

[0060] This device is compact, lightweight, easy to carry and operate, and suitable for researchers to use flexibly in the field, helping to reduce labor intensity.

[0061] The device has excellent threshing effect, thoroughly separating grains from husks, resulting in high sample purity and ensuring sample quality, making it suitable for scientific research needs.

[0062] Samples are easy to store and quick to retrieve, further enhancing the convenience of scientific research operations.

[0063] The device is highly adaptable and can be adjusted according to the characteristics of different crops and field environments, making it suitable for small-batch sample collection needs of various crops.

[0064] The device operates stably, is easy to maintain, has high reliability, and a long service life, making it highly economical and worthy of widespread application.

[0065] It solves the problems of bulky equipment, limited functionality, and poor sample collection in existing technologies, providing an efficient and reliable solution for scientific research on crops such as rice and wheat. Attached Figure Description

[0066] Figure 1 : First three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of this utility model;

[0067] Figure 2 : A second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of this utility model;

[0068] Figure 3 : A schematic diagram of the third three-dimensional structure of this utility model;

[0069] Figure 4 : A three-dimensional structural diagram of the tassel-pulling mechanism of this utility model;

[0070] Figure 5 : A three-dimensional structural diagram of the feeding hopper of this utility model;

[0071] Figure 6 : A three-dimensional structural diagram of the shear bar mechanism of this utility model;

[0072] Figure 7 : A cross-sectional view of the scissor mechanism of this utility model;

[0073] Figure 8 : Exploded three-dimensional view of the shear bar mechanism of this utility model;

[0074] Figure 9 : A three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the reciprocating drive mechanism of this utility model;

[0075] Figure 10 Another three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the reciprocating drive mechanism of this utility model;

[0076] Figure 11 : A three-dimensional structural diagram of the threshing mechanism of this utility model;

[0077] Figure 12 : A three-dimensional structural diagram of the grain cleaning mechanism of this utility model;

[0078] Figure 13 : A three-dimensional sectional view of the grain cleaning mechanism of this utility model;

[0079] Figure 14 : A three-dimensional structural diagram of the mesh frame and uprights of this utility model;

[0080] Figure 15 : A three-dimensional structural diagram of the feed cover mesh of this utility model;

[0081] In the diagram: 1-Feeding bin, 2-Ear picking mechanism, 3-Cutting mechanism, 4-Threshing drum mechanism, 5-Grain cleaning mechanism, 6-Ear picking cover, 7-Cover frame, 11-Handle, 21-Ear picking device, 22-Ear picking shaft, 23-Drive wheel, 24-Drive belt, 25-Drive wheel, 26-Upright pole, 31-Fixed shearing blade, 32-Modible shearing blade, 33-Pressure bar, 34-Reciprocating drive mechanism, 35-Guide rod, 341-Cam, 342-Cam motor, 343-Reciprocating connecting rod, 344-Roller assembly, 345-Encapsulation shell, 346-Rebound mechanism, 41-Threshing bin, 42-Toothed roller, 43-End cap, 44-Support ring, 45-Threshing motor, 51-Separation bin, 52-Conveying bin, 53-Sieve plate, 54-Fan, 81-Backpack-type storage unit, 82-Conveying hose. Detailed Implementation

[0082] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0083] Example: Figure 1-15 As shown, a portable rice and wheat combine harvester includes a harvesting section, a threshing and cleaning section, a backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism, and a power system;

[0084] The harvesting section includes a feeding bin 1, a tasseling mechanism 2, and a cutting mechanism 3. The feeding bin 1 is bucket-shaped and is used to receive ears of grain. The tasseling mechanism 2 is located above the feeding bin 1 and at the feeding side of the feeding bin 1, and is used to tuck the ears of grain into the feeding bin 1. The cutting mechanism 3 is connected to the feeding side of the upper end face of the feeding bin 1 and is used to cut the stems.

[0085] The threshing and cleaning section mentioned above includes a threshing drum mechanism 4 and a grain cleaning mechanism 5;

[0086] The aforementioned threshing drum mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the feed hopper 1 below the outlet.

[0087] The threshing drum mechanism 4 includes a threshing chamber 41 and a toothed drum 42. The threshing chamber 41 is a cylindrical hollow cavity, connected to the feed chamber 1 to form a space. The toothed drum 42 is coaxially arranged inside the threshing chamber 41. Several toothed teeth are arranged on the circumference of the toothed drum 42. The two ends of the toothed drum 42 are coaxially rotatably connected to a plug 43 and a support ring 44, respectively. The plug 43 is a circular piece with the same diameter as the inner wall of the threshing chamber 41. The end of the toothed drum 42 near the plug 43 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the threshing motor 45. The end of the threshing chamber 41 near the support ring 44 is connected to the grain cleaning mechanism 5. The ear-picking mechanism 2 receives the power output from the threshing motor 45 through a transmission mechanism.

[0088] The aforementioned grain cleaning mechanism 5 is fixedly connected to the threshing chamber 41 of the threshing drum mechanism 4; the aforementioned grain cleaning mechanism 5, threshing chamber 41 and feeding chamber 1 together form a working space with only an opening at the top of the feeding chamber 1.

[0089] The outlet of the aforementioned grain cleaning mechanism 5 is connected to a backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism, which transports and stores the grains cleaned by the grain cleaning mechanism 5 under negative pressure.

[0090] The aforementioned power system includes a battery, a control switch, and a power supply line. The aforementioned threshing motor 45, grain cleaning mechanism 5, and backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism are electrically connected to the battery and control switch via the power supply line.

[0091] This portable rice and wheat combine harvester is a lightweight and easy-to-operate device, suitable for researchers to efficiently harvest small quantities of crops in the field. The overall design prioritizes portability and operation, featuring a compact structure, light weight, and integrated functions. The feed hopper 1 serves as the main collection and conveying device for crop ears; its bucket-shaped structure not only facilitates receiving crop ears but also reduces ear loss due to wind or vibration during operation. The ear-pulling mechanism 2 is located on the feeding side above the feed hopper 1, ensuring that crop ears are smoothly pulled into the feed hopper, preventing ear exposure or accumulation. The cutting mechanism 3 is installed on the upper surface of the feed hopper 1 to quickly cut the stalks, ensuring smooth entry of the crop into the threshing drum mechanism 4. The threshing drum mechanism 4 and the grain cleaning mechanism 5 are connected through the threshing chamber 41, forming an efficient working space to complete the entire process of threshing and separating impurities. The entire machine uses the threshing motor 45 as the core power source, and all mechanisms operate collaboratively through the transmission system to achieve efficient operation.

[0092] Furthermore, a tassel-picking cover 6 is provided above the aforementioned feed hopper 1. The tassel-picking cover 6 includes two side nets and a rear baffle net, which are integrally formed. The cross-sectional edge contour of the rear baffle net includes two mutually perpendicular straight lines and a smooth curve connecting the two lines. The two side nets are located on both sides of the rear baffle net. The side nets are arranged perpendicularly to the feed hopper 1 and are located on both sides of the feed hopper 1. The lower outer edge of the tassel-picking cover 6 coincides with the edge of the feed hopper 1. The tassel-picking cover 6 is fixedly connected to the feed hopper 1 through a cover frame 7. A handle 11 is fixedly connected to the feed hopper 1.

[0093] The design of the ear-picking guard 6 aims to optimize crop guidance and protection, preventing scattering during ear cutting. The guard utilizes a one-piece molding process for greater structural stability and effectively limits ear scattering through a three-sided design (two side nets and a rear baffle). The rear baffle features a smooth curved profile, reducing resistance as the ears enter the feed hopper 1 and improving operational efficiency. The side nets are arranged perpendicular to the feed hopper 1, increasing overall guard rigidity and effectively preventing ears from scattering from the sides during operation. The use of the guard frame 7 further enhances its robustness; its materials are primarily high-strength lightweight alloys or engineering plastics to reduce the overall weight of the equipment.

[0094] The handle 11 is the main handheld component of this device. Its design not only meets operational needs but also conforms to ergonomic principles, providing a comfortable grip. The handle surface is covered with a non-slip material, ensuring a stable grip even when wet with sweat or rain. The handle's position relative to the device's overall center of gravity has been precisely calculated to prevent tilting or excessive fatigue during use. Furthermore, the handle's length and diameter are moderate, accommodating the usage habits of different operators.

[0095] Furthermore, the aforementioned tassel-turning mechanism 2 includes:

[0096] Several tassel-pulling devices 21, wherein each tassel-pulling device 21 is a rod with both ends bent vertically;

[0097] A tassel-pulling shaft 22 is fixedly connected to the two bent ends of the tassel-pulling device 21; the connection points between the tassel-pulling shaft 22 and the tassel-pulling device 21 are located at the two end faces of the tassel-pulling shaft 22; a plurality of the tassel-pulling devices 21 are arranged in a circular array along the central axis of the tassel-pulling shaft 22; and a vertical rod 26 is rotatably connected to each end of the tassel-pulling shaft 22.

[0098] A transmission wheel 23 is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the above-mentioned threshing shaft 22;

[0099] The transmission belt 24 is fitted and connected to the aforementioned transmission wheel 23;

[0100] A drive wheel 25 is coaxially fixedly connected to the aforementioned toothed roller 42 and is fitted and connected to the transmission belt 24.

[0101] The ear-picking mechanism 2 achieves efficient ear-picking through the cooperation of the ear-picking device 21 and the ear-picking shaft 22. The ear-picking device 21 has vertically bent ends, allowing it to cover a larger area and reduce missed ears. The ear-picking shaft 22 connects to the ear-picking device 21 at both ends, making the ear-picking action more uniform and reliable. The rotation of the ear-picking shaft 22 is driven by the transmission wheel 23 and the transmission belt 24. The transmission system transmits power to the threshing shaft 41 via the drive wheel 25, ensuring synchronous operation of the ear-picking mechanism 2 and the threshing drum mechanism 4. This design improves power utilization and reduces system complexity.

[0102] Furthermore, the aforementioned cutting mechanism 3 includes:

[0103] The fixed shearing blade 31 includes a long strip-shaped body and several shearing teeth, one side of which is set as a cutting edge; the several shearing teeth are vertically fixedly connected to the two long sides of the long strip-shaped body and arranged in a uniform straight line array along the long strip-shaped body; the fixed shearing blade 31 is arranged parallel to the edge of the feeding side of the feeding bin 1 and is fixedly connected to the feeding bin 1 by multiple bolts;

[0104] The movable shearing blade 32 has a blade direction opposite to that of the fixed shearing blade 31, so that the blades of the two blades form a scissor-like structure. The movable shearing blade 32 is provided with several waist-shaped holes that mate with multiple bolts, so that the movable shearing blade 32 can move in a limited manner along the straight line formed by the multiple bolts. The movable shearing blade 32 performs reciprocating linear motion under the drive of the reciprocating drive mechanism 34, so that the blades continuously complete the cutting action.

[0105] The pressure strip 33, which is set above the movable cutting blade 32, is connected to the fixed cutting blade 31 and the feed hopper 1.

[0106] The cutting mechanism 3 utilizes a scissor-like structure composed of a fixed cutting blade 31 and a movable cutting blade 32 to precisely cut crop stems. The fixed cutting blade 31 has evenly distributed cutting teeth, with its blade direction opposite to the direction of stem movement to enhance cutting force. The movable cutting blade 32 is fixed to bolts through oblong holes and can move in a limited straight line under the action of the reciprocating drive mechanism 34, forming a continuous cutting action. A pressure strip 33 is installed above the movable cutting blade; its function is to maintain the stem's stable position during cutting, preventing vibration or displacement from affecting the cutting effect.

[0107] Furthermore, the aforementioned reciprocating drive mechanism 34 includes:

[0108] Cam 341;

[0109] A cam motor 342 is fixedly connected to the cam 341 with its output shaft; the cam motor 342 drives the cam 341 to rotate.

[0110] A reciprocating connecting rod 343, one end of which engages with the aforementioned cam 341, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the movable shearing blade 32; the reciprocating connecting rod 343 drives the movable shearing blade 32 to reciprocate under the action of the rotation of the cam 341;

[0111] Roller assembly 343, which is sandwiched between the upper and lower sides of the reciprocating connecting rod 343 to restrict its up and down movement;

[0112] The encapsulation housing 345 encapsulates the cam 341, cam motor 342 and roller assembly 343; one end of the reciprocating connecting rod 343 connected to the movable shearing blade 32 extends from the inside of the encapsulation housing 345 to the outside through a through hole.

[0113] One end is connected to the reciprocating linkage 343 mentioned above, and the other end is connected to the encapsulation housing 345, which is a spring mechanism 346 in an elongated state.

[0114] The reciprocating drive mechanism 34, through the cooperation of cam 341 and reciprocating connecting rod 343, converts the rotational motion of motor 342 into linear reciprocating motion, thereby driving the movable shear strip 32 to perform continuous shearing. The surface of cam 341 is specially designed to reduce frictional loss during operation and ensure smooth movement of the connecting rod. Roller assembly 343 is clamped on the upper and lower sides of the connecting rod to limit its vertical movement during shearing. The springback mechanism 346 uses a high-strength spring or elastic rope design to quickly return the movable shear strip to its initial position after shearing, improving shearing efficiency.

[0115] Furthermore, the aforementioned enclosure 345 is shaped like a handle; the enclosure 345 not only protects the internal transmission components from external environmental influences but also provides an easy-to-grip structural design for the operator. The surface of the handle-shaped enclosure is frosted to prevent slippage due to sweat or moisture. The internal layout of the enclosure is compact, rationally distributing the cam 341, roller assembly 343, and linkage mechanism to reduce the size and weight of the equipment.

[0116] Furthermore, the aforementioned grain cleaning mechanism 5 includes:

[0117] A threshing chamber 51 with one end having the same diameter as and coaxially connected to the threshing chamber 41 mentioned above, and the other end being sealed;

[0118] A conveying chamber 52 is vertically arranged below the threshing chamber 51, and the two are connected; the backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism is connected to the lower end of the conveying chamber 52.

[0119] A sieve plate 52 is installed at the connection between the threshing chamber 51 and the conveying chamber;

[0120] A fan 54 is connected to the conveying chamber 52 via a pipe; the air outlet direction of the fan 54 is obliquely upward pointing towards the central axis of the conveying chamber 52.

[0121] The grain cleaning mechanism 5 completes the purification and collection of grains through the combined operation of the threshing chamber 51, the conveying chamber 52, and the sieve plate 53. The threshing chamber 51 has the same diameter as the threshing chamber 41. The airflow generated by the fan 54 blows away light impurities, ensuring the purity of the grains. The sieve plate 53 ensures that only grains can pass through. The bottom of the conveying chamber 52 is connected to a backpack-style negative pressure storage mechanism for easy sample collection. The airflow direction of the fan 54 is designed to be obliquely upward, which helps to prevent secondary mixing of grains due to airflow during the separation process.

[0122] Furthermore, the aforementioned nail teeth are provided in several groups, each group of nail teeth is arranged in a uniform straight arithmetic array; the several groups of nail teeth are arranged in a circular array along the central axis of the nail tooth roller 42.

[0123] A hammer head is provided at the end of the aforementioned nail teeth that is not connected to the nail tooth roller 42;

[0124] The aforementioned support ring 44 includes an outer ring that is fixedly engaged with the inner wall of the aforementioned threshing chamber 41, and an inner ring that is coaxially connected by fewer than five support rods; the aforementioned inner ring is fitted and connected to the toothed roller 42.

[0125] The threshing head of the spiked teeth has a special shape design to reduce damage to the grains. The spiked teeth are arranged in an arithmetic linear array, making the threshing action more uniform. The structure of the support ring 44, with its inner and outer rings connected, maintains the stability of the threshing shaft 41 without affecting the rotation of the threshing rod.

[0126] Furthermore, the aforementioned upright pole 26 is provided with several through holes that allow the height of the tassel-picking shaft 22 to be adjusted. The tassel-picking shaft 22 is detachably and rotatably connected to the two upright poles 26 through two through holes of the same height.

[0127] The upright pole 26, with multiple through holes, allows for height adjustment of the reaping shaft 22, accommodating harvesting needs at different crop heights. This design takes into account the diversity of crop types and maturity levels in field operations, facilitating researchers to quickly adjust the equipment according to crop characteristics. The detachable connection design of the reaping shaft also facilitates later cleaning and maintenance of the equipment.

[0128] Furthermore, the aforementioned backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism includes a backpack-type storage section 81 and a delivery hose 82; a negative pressure fan is installed inside the backpack-type storage section 81 to keep the inside of the backpack-type storage section 81 under negative pressure; one end of the delivery hose 82 is connected to the backpack-type storage section 81, and the other end is connected to the delivery chamber 52.

[0129] The backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism is the core component for grain collection and storage in this equipment, consisting of a backpack-type storage section 81 and a conveying hose 82. A negative pressure fan is installed inside the backpack-type storage section 81, maintaining a negative pressure environment to efficiently absorb and transport grains. One end of the conveying hose 82 connects to the backpack-type storage section 81, and the other end connects to the conveying chamber 52, forming a complete negative pressure conveying channel.

[0130] The negative pressure fan design ensures that the grains are quickly and smoothly drawn into the backpack-type storage unit 81 after cleaning, preventing grain retention or leakage during transportation. Furthermore, the backpack-type storage unit 81 features an ergonomic carrying design, with its outer shell made of lightweight materials, reducing the user's burden and improving convenience during field operations. The conveying hose 82 is made of high-strength, bend-resistant flexible material, ensuring it is not easily worn during prolonged use, while also facilitating flexible operation by researchers during field work.

[0131] The power system is the core support component for the operation of this equipment, consisting of a battery, control switches, and power supply lines. The battery provides a stable DC power supply, ensuring the long-term, efficient operation of the threshing motor 45, the grain cleaning mechanism 5, and the backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism. The control switch is designed to be simple and intuitive, allowing users to control the equipment's on and off with a single switch, improving operational convenience.

[0132] The power supply line features multi-layer insulation and a waterproof design, enabling it to withstand dusty and humid working environments in the field, ensuring operational safety and equipment stability. The battery capacity has been precisely calculated to support continuous operation for typical field sampling needs, while also providing quick replacement or charging capabilities to meet the high-efficiency operational requirements of researchers. The overall power system design emphasizes compactness, distributing battery weight rationally within the equipment to avoid adding extra burden and ensure operational balance and portability.

[0133] The following is an experimental record of collecting wheat samples using the portable rice-wheat combine harvester of this utility model:

[0134] Experiment Date: June 15, 2024

[0135] Experimental location: Experimental field at a scientific research base

[0136] Experimental objective: To verify the efficiency, completeness, and purity of wheat sample collection using a portable rice-wheat combine harvester under field conditions.

[0137] Experimenters: Zhang and Li

[0138] Experimental equipment: Portable rice and wheat combine harvester (serial number: SJ-20240615-003)

[0139] Experimental steps and records:

[0140] 1. Preparation before the experiment

[0141] A 10-square-meter wheat planting area was selected and marked in the experimental field. The wheat in the selected experimental area had reached full maturity, with an average plant height of 85 centimeters.

[0142] Ensure that all components of the harvester are operating normally. The harvesting section, threshing and cleaning section, backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism and power system have been debugged and the backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism has been emptied to ensure the accuracy of experimental data.

[0143] The total number of wheat plants in the experimental area was recorded as 250.

[0144] Data collection process

[0145] The experimenter, Zhang, held the equipment and walked along the field ridges at a constant pace. After the ear-picking mechanism 2 was activated, it precisely moved the wheat ears and sent them into the feed bin 1; the cutting mechanism 3 operated simultaneously to cut the stems.

[0146] The threshing drum mechanism 4 efficiently separates grains and straw, while a fan 54 removes impurities. The grains enter the conveying bin 52, while the straw and impurities are discharged from the inlet of the feed bin 1 under the action of the fan 54. The grains entering the conveying bin 52 are further conveyed through the conveying hose 82 into the backpack-type storage section 81 under the action of the negative pressure fan, completing the sample collection.

[0147] During the process, the equipment operated stably without any noticeable lag. The entire wheat sample collection for the experimental area was completed in a total of 7 minutes.

[0148] Post-experiment record

[0149] A total of 1.85 kg of wheat grains were collected in the backpack-style storage unit 81, which meets the expected harvest. The sample grains were intact with no obvious damage. Random sampling inspection revealed no obvious straw or husk residue, and the purity was over 98%.

[0150] The remaining straw was discharged into the field ridges without any blockage. The equipment operated stably, and the vibration and noise were within acceptable limits.

[0151] Throughout the collection process, the experimenters reported that the equipment was comfortable to operate, lightweight, stable to hold, and had a precise harvesting path, making it suitable for a single person to independently complete small-scale sample collection work.

[0152] Experiment Summary

[0153] Portable rice and wheat combine harvesters have performed exceptionally well in field wheat sample collection, significantly improving collection efficiency and saving approximately 70% of the time compared to traditional manual collection.

[0154] The integrity and purity of the samples meet the requirements of scientific research, providing high-quality basic samples for further experiments.

[0155] The equipment's portability and flexibility make it suitable for scientific research operations in complex field conditions, and it can be widely applied to the collection of various crop samples in the future.

[0156] Experimental conclusion: The portable rice and wheat combine harvester can efficiently complete the collection of wheat samples, the sample quality meets the requirements of scientific research, the equipment operates stably, and has the potential for large-scale promotion.

[0157] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A portable rice and wheat combine harvester, characterized in that, Includes a harvesting section, a threshing and cleaning section, a backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism, and a power system; The harvesting section includes a feeding bin (1), a tassel-pulling mechanism (2), and a cutting mechanism (3); the feeding bin (1) is bucket-shaped and is used to receive ears of grain; the tassel-pulling mechanism (2) is located above the feeding bin (1) and at the feeding side of the feeding bin (1), and is used to pull the ears of grain into the feeding bin (1); the cutting mechanism (3) is connected to the feeding side of the upper end face of the feeding bin (1), and is used to cut the stems; The threshing and cleaning section includes a threshing drum mechanism (4) and a grain cleaning mechanism (5). The threshing drum mechanism (4) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the feed hopper (1) below the outlet. The threshing drum mechanism (4) includes a threshing chamber (41) and a toothed drum (42); the threshing chamber (41) is a cylindrical hollow cavity, which is connected to the feed chamber (1) to form a space; the toothed drum (42) is coaxially arranged inside the threshing chamber (41); a number of toothed teeth are provided on the circumference of the toothed drum (42); the two ends of the toothed drum (42) are coaxially rotatably connected to the plug (43) and the support ring (44) respectively, and the plug (43) is a circular piece with the same diameter as the inner wall of the threshing chamber (41); the end of the toothed drum (42) near the plug (43) is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the threshing motor (45), and the end of the threshing chamber (41) near the support ring (44) is connected to the grain cleaning mechanism (5); the ear-picking mechanism (2) receives the power output by the threshing motor (45) through the transmission mechanism; The grain cleaning mechanism (5) is fixedly connected to the threshing chamber (41) of the threshing drum mechanism (4); the grain cleaning mechanism (5), the threshing chamber (41) and the feeding chamber (1) together form a working space with only the opening above the feeding chamber (1); The outlet of the grain cleaning mechanism (5) is connected to the backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism, which transports and stores the grains cleaned by the grain cleaning mechanism (5) under negative pressure. The power system includes a battery, a control switch and a power supply line. The threshing motor (45), the grain cleaning mechanism (5) and the backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism are electrically connected to the battery and the control switch through the power supply line.

2. The portable rice and wheat combine harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A tassel-picking cover (6) is provided above the feeding hopper (1). The tassel-picking cover (6) includes two side nets and a rear baffle net, which are integrally formed. The cross-sectional edge contour of the rear baffle net includes two mutually perpendicular straight lines and a smooth curve connecting the two lines. The two side nets are located on both sides of the rear baffle net. The side nets are arranged perpendicularly to the feeding hopper (1) and are located on both sides of the feeding hopper (1). The lower outer edge of the tassel-picking cover (6) coincides with the edge of the feeding hopper (1). The tassel-picking cover (6) is fixedly connected to the feeding hopper (1) through the cover frame (7). A handle (11) is fixedly connected to the feeding hopper (1).

3. The portable rice and wheat combine harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tassel-turning mechanism (2) includes: Several tassel-pulling devices (21), wherein the tassel-pulling device (21) is a rod with both ends bent vertically; A tassel-pulling shaft (22) is fixedly connected to the two bent ends of the tassel-pulling device (21); the connection between the tassel-pulling shaft (22) and the tassel-pulling device (21) is located at the two end faces of the tassel-pulling shaft (22); a plurality of the tassel-pulling devices (21) are arranged in a circular array along the central axis of the tassel-pulling shaft (22); the two ends of the tassel-pulling shaft (22) are rotatably connected to a vertical rod (26); A transmission wheel (23) is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the tassel-picking shaft (22); A transmission belt (24) is fitted and connected to the transmission wheel (23). A drive wheel (25) is coaxially fixedly connected to the toothed roller (42) and fitted and connected to the transmission belt (24).

4. A portable rice and wheat combine harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting mechanism (3) includes: A fixed shearing blade (31) is provided, comprising a long strip-shaped body and several shearing teeth, one side of which is set as a cutting edge; several shearing teeth are vertically fixedly connected to the two long sides of the long strip-shaped body and arranged in a uniform straight line array along the long strip-shaped body; the fixed shearing blade (31) is arranged parallel to the edge of the feeding side of the feeding bin (1) and is fixedly connected to the feeding bin (1) by multiple bolts; The movable shearing blade (32) has a blade direction opposite to that of the fixed shearing blade (31), so that the blades of the two blades form a scissor-like structure; the movable shearing blade (32) is provided with several waist-shaped holes that mate with multiple bolts, so that the movable shearing blade (32) can move in a limited manner along the straight line formed by multiple bolts; the movable shearing blade (32) performs reciprocating linear motion under the drive of the reciprocating drive mechanism (34), so that the blades continuously complete the cutting action; The pressure strip (33) is disposed above the movable cutting blade (32) and is connected to the fixed cutting blade (31) and the feed hopper (1).

5. A portable rice and wheat combine harvester as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The reciprocating drive mechanism (34) includes: Cam (341); A cam motor (342) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the cam (341); the cam motor (342) drives the cam (341) to rotate. A reciprocating connecting rod (343) with one end engaged with the cam (341) and the other end fixedly connected to the movable cutting blade (32); the reciprocating connecting rod (343) drives the movable cutting blade (32) to reciprocate under the action of the cam (341) rotating; Roller assembly (344) clamps on the upper and lower sides of the reciprocating connecting rod (343) to restrict its up and down movement. The encapsulation housing (345) encapsulates the cam (341), cam motor (342) and roller assembly (344); the reciprocating connecting rod (343) is connected to the movable shearing blade (32) at one end, and extends from the inside of the encapsulation housing (345) to the outside through a through hole; One end is connected to the reciprocating link (343), and the other end is connected to the encapsulation shell (345), forming a spring mechanism (346) in an elongated state.

6. A portable rice and wheat combine harvester as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The encapsulation shell (345) is shaped like a handle; the spring mechanism (346) is a spring or elastic cord.

7. A portable rice and wheat combine harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The grain cleaning mechanism (5) includes: A threshing chamber (51) with one end having the same diameter as the threshing chamber (41) and coaxially connected, and the other end being sealed. A conveying chamber (52) is vertically arranged below the threshing chamber (51), and the two are connected; the backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism is connected to the lower end of the conveying chamber (52); A sieve plate (53) is installed at the connection between the threshing chamber (51) and the conveying chamber; A fan (54) is connected to the conveying chamber (52) via a pipe; the air outlet direction of the fan (54) is obliquely upward pointing towards the central axis of the conveying chamber (52).

8. A portable rice and wheat combine harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The nail teeth are arranged in several groups, and each group of nail teeth is arranged in a uniform straight arithmetic array; the several groups of nail teeth are arranged in a circular array along the central axis of the nail tooth roller (42). A hammering head is provided at the end of the nail tooth that is not connected to the nail tooth roller (42); The support ring (44) includes an outer ring that is fixedly engaged with the inner wall of the threshing chamber (41), and an inner ring that is coaxially connected by less than five support rods; the inner ring is fitted and connected to the toothed roller (42).

9. A portable rice and wheat combine harvester as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The upright (26) is provided with several through holes that allow the height of the tassel-picking shaft (22) to be adjusted. The tassel-picking shaft (22) is detachably and rotatably connected to the two uprights (26) through two through holes of the same height.

10. A portable rice and wheat combine harvester as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The backpack-type negative pressure storage mechanism includes a backpack-type storage section (81) and a delivery hose (82); a negative pressure fan is installed inside the backpack-type storage section (81) to keep the inside of the backpack-type storage section (81) in a negative pressure state; one end of the delivery hose (82) is connected to the backpack-type storage section (81), and the other end is connected to the delivery chamber (52).

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