Guider for positioning rotating shaft of elbow joint hinge type external fixing support

Abstract

The utility model relates to a guider for positioning a rotating shaft of an elbow joint hinge type external fixing support, which comprises a guider main body, a center hole is coaxially arranged in the guider main body, a kirschner wire can penetrate through the center hole, and a handle extending downwards and an extension arm extending towards the front side are arranged below the guider main body. The lower portion of the handle is provided with an arc-shaped handle tail end, the circle center of the handle tail end is provided with a circle center hole through which a kirschner wire can penetrate, and the outer side of the handle tail end is coaxially provided with a humeral capitulum adaptive circular ring. A humerus pulley supporting plate used for being matched with the inner side face of the humerus pulley is arranged at the front end of the extension arm, and the axis of the humerus pulley supporting plate coincides with the axis of the guider body. The utility model has the advantages that the design is simple and reasonable, the humeral capitulum center and the humeral tackle center can be conveniently determined, the operation is simple and easy to implement in an operation, a kirschner wire does not need to be placed under X-ray fluoroscopy, and the fluoroscopy frequency is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a guide for positioning the rotating shaft of an elbow joint hinge-type external fixation bracket. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of elbow joint external fixation technology, hinged elbow joint external fixation devices are being used more and more widely in clinical practice, playing an important role in the treatment of complex elbow joint fractures and dislocations, elbow joint instability, elbow joint release surgery, and rehabilitation after elbow joint interpositional fixation surgery.

[0003] The key to using various hinged elbow joint external fixation devices is accurately locating the rotation axis of the external fixation. Currently, the most common clinical method is fluoroscopic positioning. During surgery, fluoroscopic positioning of the axis requires the patient to be supine, with the shoulder abducted and extremely internally rotated, the elbow flexed at 90°, and the forearm in a neutral rotation position. This allows for a standard lateral view of the elbow joint, ensuring the trochlear shadow and the humeral capitulum shadow form concentric circles. The positioning pin is then slowly inserted at the center of these circles. To ensure the pin's position and direction are correct, repeated fluoroscopy and timely adjustments to the pin's position and direction are necessary during insertion. This process has the following drawbacks:

[0004] (1) It requires high technical skills from doctors. The surgical outcome depends to a large extent on the doctor's experience, ability and subjective judgment. Moreover, the judgments of doctors may differ from one another and from another doctor's own judgment each time.

[0005] (2) The X-ray radiation dose to patients and doctors is relatively large. Even experienced specialists need to undergo multiple fluoroscopy sessions to successfully locate the problem.

[0006] (3) Repeated drilling will enlarge the hole at the needle entry point, making the guide needle positioning needle unstable or easily deviated.

[0007] (4) In some cases, patients are unable to assume a standard lateral position, such as when the shoulder and elbow joints of the affected limb have limited range of motion, especially when abduction and internal rotation are limited.

[0008] (5) Due to congenital or acquired reasons, the anatomical landmarks shown under fluoroscopy are not easily identifiable in some patients;

[0009] (6) If a fracture or ligament that has been repaired during surgery is displaced or becomes unfixed during the placement of the surgical patient, a Kirschner wire is usually used to maintain stability through the humeroulnar joint, which will increase the patient’s injury.

[0010] All of these factors greatly limit the use of hinged external fixation devices. Utility Model Content

[0011] This utility model addresses the problems existing in the prior art by providing a guide for positioning the rotation axis of an elbow joint hinge-type external fixation bracket.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a guide for positioning the rotation axis of a hinged external fixator for elbow joints, comprising a guide body with a central hole coaxially arranged inside for Kirschner wires to pass through, a downwardly extending handle and a forward-extending extension arm arranged below the guide body, the lower part of the handle having an arc-shaped handle end, a central hole arranged at the center of the handle end to facilitate the passage of Kirschner wires, and a humeral head fitting ring coaxially arranged on the outer side of the handle end; the front end of the extension arm is provided with a humeral trochlear support plate for cooperating with the inner surface of the humeral trochlear surface, the axis of the humeral trochlear support plate coinciding with the axis of the guide body.

[0013] Furthermore, the diameter of the humeral capillary adapter ring is close to the average diameter of the humeral capillary.

[0014] Furthermore, the axis of the central hole at the end of the handle is parallel to the axis of the central hole of the guide body.

[0015] Furthermore, the plane containing the handle forms a 90° angle with the axis of the guide body.

[0016] Furthermore, the top of the peripheral side of the guide body is provided with an opening to facilitate the separation of the Kirschner wire. The opening extends along the radial direction of the guide body and communicates with the central hole, and the opening extends along the axial direction of the guide body.

[0017] Furthermore, the rear end face of the guide body is provided with a rotary valve that can be rotated to block the rear port of the central hole.

[0018] Furthermore, the rotary valve includes a kidney-shaped rotating plate, the lower end of which is rotatably connected to the rear end face of the guide body via a hinge shaft, and a rotating lever is provided on the peripheral side of the rotating plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the arc of the humeral trochlear support plate faces upward.

[0020] Furthermore, the extended arm is arc-shaped.

[0021] Furthermore, the humeral trochlear support plate is shaped like a frustum-shaped curved plate, and the rear diameter of the humeral trochlear support plate is smaller than the front diameter.

[0022] Furthermore, a sleeve is coaxially slidably inserted through the central hole of the guide body to facilitate the insertion of Kirschner wires and to press against the head of the humerus. A handle is vertically provided at the rear end of the sleeve, and the upper end of the handle has a clearance hole that communicates with the inner hole of the sleeve.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The present invention is simple and reasonable in design, facilitates the determination of the center of the humeral head and the center of the humeral trochlea, and is simple and easy to operate during surgery. It does not require the insertion of Kirschner wires under X-ray fluoroscopy, thus reducing the number of fluoroscopy cycles. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the geometric curvature center of the head of the humerus;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the geometric curvature center of the head of the humerus in embodiment one of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the geometric curvature center of the trochlea of ​​the humerus;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the geometric curvature center of the humeral trochlea in embodiment one of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0033] In the picture:

[0034] 1-Guide body; 2-Handle; 3-Extension arm; 4-Handle end; 5-Central hole; 6-Humeral head adapter ring; 7-Humeral trochlear support plate; 8-Humeral head; 9-Humeral trochle; 10-Humeral head center; 11-Humeral trochlear center; 12-Kirschner wire; 13-Opening; 14-Rotary valve; 15-Rotating plate; 16-Rotating lever; 17-Central hole; 18-Hinge shaft; 19-Sleeve; 20-Handle; 21-Allowing hole. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0037] Example 1: As Figures 1-7 As shown, this utility model discloses a guide for positioning the rotation axis of a hinged external fixator for the elbow joint. It includes a guide body 1, a handle 2, an extension arm 3, a humeral head adapter ring 6, and a humeral trochlea support plate 7 that adapts to the humeral trochlea. Specifically, the guide body 1 has a tubular structure. A central hole 17, allowing a Kirschner wire 12 to pass through, is coaxially arranged inside the guide body 1. Two branches gradually emerge from the lower part of the guide body 1: one is a downward-extending handle 2, and the other is a forward-extending extension arm 3, which is arc-shaped. The lower part of the handle 2 has an arc-shaped handle. At the end 4, a central hole 5 is coaxially provided at the center of the handle end 4 to facilitate the passage of a 2.0 Kirschner wire, and a humeral head fitting ring 6 is coaxially provided on the outer side of the handle end 4; the front end of the extension arm 3 extends to the front side of the guide body 1, and the front end of the extension arm 3 is provided with a humeral trochlear support plate 7 with the arc direction facing upward. The humeral trochlear support plate 7 is used to fit tightly with the inner surface of the humeral trochle 9, and the axis of the humeral trochlear support plate 7 coincides with the axis of the guide body 1; through the tight fit between the humeral trochlear support plate and the inner surface of the humeral trochlear 9, the center of the humeral trochlear support plate is aligned with the center of the humeral trochlear 9.

[0038] In this embodiment, the diameter of the humeral capillary adapter ring 6 is close to the average diameter of the humeral capillary. Furthermore, based on anatomical data from known literature, the average diameter of the humeral capillary is 18.09-20.85 mm. In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the humeral capillary adapter ring is 20 mm, and the inner diameter is 18 mm; the diameter of the circular hole at the end of the handle is 14 mm. This is essentially close to its anatomical data, making it easy to visually match the humeral capillary adapter ring to the humeral capillary.

[0039] In this embodiment, the overall shape of the humeral trochlear support plate is a frustum-shaped curved plate. The diameter of the rear end of the humeral trochlear support plate is smaller than the diameter of the front end. That is, the humeral trochlear support plate is a frustum-shaped curved plate with a smaller rear end and a larger front end. Specifically, the diameter of the rear end of the humeral trochlear support plate is 15mm and the diameter of the front end of the humeral trochlear support plate is 20mm, so as to adapt to humeral trochleas of different diameters.

[0040] In this embodiment, the axis of the central hole 5 at the end of the handle 4 is parallel to the axis of the central hole 17 of the guide body 1.

[0041] In this embodiment, the plane where the handle 2 is located forms a 90° angle with the axis of the guide body 1, that is, the plane where the handle is located is perpendicular to the axis of the guide body.

[0042] In this embodiment, the center of the handle end 4 coincides with the center of the humeral head adapter ring 6, and the lower part of the handle end 4 and the humeral head adapter ring 6 are connected as one unit by bridging.

[0043] In this embodiment, there is a smooth transition between the handle 2 and the humeral head adapter ring 6.

[0044] In this embodiment, the top of the peripheral side of the guide body 1 is provided with an opening 13 to facilitate the separation of the Kirschner wire. The opening 13 extends along the radial direction of the guide body 1 and communicates with the central hole 17. The opening 13 also extends along the axial direction of the guide body 1. After the operation is completed, the Kirschner wire is separated from the inside of the guide body through this opening, thus completing the Kirschner wire escape.

[0045] In this embodiment, the overall shape of the guide body 1 is a stepped shaft. The front end of the guide body is conical, and the rear end of the guide body has an enlarged diameter, forming a stepped surface. A rotary valve 14 is provided on the rear end face of the guide body 1, which can be rotated to block the rear port of the central hole 17. When the Kirschner wire is inserted into the central hole of the guide body, the rear port of the central hole is blocked by the rotary valve to prevent the Kirschner wire from deviating along the axial direction of the guide body.

[0046] Specifically, the rotary valve 14 includes a kidney-shaped rotating plate 15, the lower end of which is rotatably connected to the rear end face of the guide body 1 via a hinge shaft 18. Furthermore, to facilitate rotation of the rotating plate, a rotating lever 16 is provided on the peripheral side of the rotating plate 15.

[0047] In this embodiment, the pivot point of the hinged external fixator is determined by the humeral head adapter ring 6 to define the center 10 of the humeral head. Figure 5As shown. The humeral trochlear support plate 7 fits snugly against the inner surface of the humeral trochle 8, ensuring that the center of the humeral trochlear support plate 7 coincides with the center 11 of the humeral trochle. That is, the exit point of the hinged external fixator is determined by the humeral trochlear support plate to establish the center of the humeral trochle. Figure 7 As shown; based on the principle of determining a straight line from two points (center 10 of the humeral head and center 11 of the humeral trochlea), this straight line is the flexion-extension rotation axis of the elbow joint, which is also the rotation axis of the external fixator for the elbow joint. After determining the entry and exit points through this guide, Kirschner wires can be inserted as positioning pins for the rotation axis of the external fixator for the elbow joint.

[0048] The biggest difference between this guide and existing guides on the market is that existing guides require exposing both the exit and entry points to determine the axis. This means two incisions, one on the inside and one on the outside of the elbow joint. Furthermore, because the exit point at the medial trochlea cannot be clearly exposed, the axis determined in this way is not very accurate and requires repeated fluoroscopy to increase radiation. In contrast, this new guide only requires one incision on the inside, and the center point (exit point) is determined based on the arcuate surface of the medial condyle. The entry point can also be accurately exposed. Therefore, it is accurate, does not require an additional inside incision, and does not even require repeated fluoroscopy.

[0049] Example 2: Figures 8-9 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the rear end of the guide body 1 is not provided with a rotary valve, and a sleeve 19 is coaxially inserted in the central hole of the guide body 1 to facilitate the insertion of Kirschner wires and to press against the head of the humerus. The rear end of the sleeve 19 is provided with a handle 20 vertically. The sleeve is moved by the handle. The upper end of the handle 20 has a clearance hole 21 that communicates with the inner hole of the sleeve 19.

[0050] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0051] (1) The structure is simple and stable, and the operation is simple and easy to perform during the operation; (2) It does not require the insertion of Kirschner wires under X-ray fluoroscopy, reducing the number of fluoroscopy sessions and reducing X-ray radiation damage to doctors and patients; (3) It is not affected by the patient's position; (4) It does not require excessive stripping of normal tissue and does not require additional damage; (5) It has high screw placement efficiency and saves surgical time; (6) It has high screw placement accuracy and will not repeatedly place screws to enlarge the hole and cause Kirschner wire instability; (7) It does not rely on the doctor's experience, ability and subjective judgment.

[0052] If this utility model discloses or relates to mutually fixedly connected parts or structural components, then, unless otherwise stated, a fixed connection can be understood as: a detachable fixed connection (e.g., using bolts or screws), or a non-detachable fixed connection (e.g., riveting, welding). Of course, mutually fixed connections can also be replaced by an integral structure (e.g., manufactured using a casting process) (except where it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).

[0053] In addition, unless otherwise stated, the terms used to indicate positional relationships or shapes in any of the technical solutions disclosed in this utility model above include states or shapes that are similar to, close to, or approximate with them.

[0054] Any component provided by this utility model can be assembled from multiple individual components, or it can be a single component manufactured by a one-piece molding process.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of this utility model or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solution claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A guide for positioning the rotation axis of a hinged external fixator for an elbow joint, characterized in that: The device includes a guide body with a central hole coaxially arranged inside, allowing Kirschner wires to pass through. Below the guide body, there is a downwardly extending handle and a forward-extending extension arm. The lower part of the handle has an arc-shaped handle end, and the center of the handle end has a central hole to facilitate the passage of Kirschner wires. A humeral head adapter ring is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the handle end. The front end of the extension arm has a humeral trochlear support plate for cooperating with the inner surface of the humeral trochlear surface. The axis of the humeral trochlear support plate coincides with the axis of the guide body.

2. The guide for positioning the rotation axis of a hinged external fixator for an elbow joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the humeral capillary fitting ring is close to the average diameter of the humeral capillary.

3. A guide for positioning the rotation axis of a hinged external fixator for an elbow joint, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the central hole at the end of the handle is parallel to the axis of the central hole of the guide body.

4. A guide for positioning the rotation axis of a hinged external fixator for an elbow joint, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The plane containing the handle forms a 90° angle with the axis of the guide body.

5. A guide for positioning the rotation axis of a hinged external fixator for an elbow joint, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the peripheral side of the guide body is provided with an opening to facilitate the separation of Kirschner wires. The opening extends along the radial direction of the guide body and communicates with the central hole. The opening also extends along the axial direction of the guide body.

6. A guide for positioning the rotation axis of a hinged external fixator for an elbow joint, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end face of the guide body is provided with a rotary valve that can be rotated to block the rear port of the central hole.

7. A guide for positioning the rotation axis of a hinged external fixator for an elbow joint, as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The rotary valve includes a kidney-shaped rotating plate. The lower end of the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the rear end face of the guide body via a hinge shaft. Rotating blocks are provided on the peripheral side of the rotating plate.

8. A guide for positioning the rotation axis of a hinged external fixator for an elbow joint, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The arc of the humeral trochlear support plate faces upward; the extension arm is arc-shaped.

9. A guide for positioning the rotation axis of a hinged external fixator for an elbow joint, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The humeral trochlear support plate is shaped like a frustum-shaped curved plate, with the rear diameter being smaller than the front diameter.

10. A guide for positioning the rotation axis of a hinged external fixator for an elbow joint, as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A sleeve is coaxially slidably inserted through the central hole of the guide body to facilitate the insertion of Kirschner wires and to press against the head of the humerus. A handle is provided vertically at the rear end of the sleeve, and the upper end of the handle has a clearance hole that communicates with the inner hole of the sleeve.

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