Machine tool with spindle box balancing device
By installing a balancing device on the machine tool and using a balancing cylinder to counteract the weight of the spindle box, the problem of increased drive load during spindle box movement is solved, thereby improving the machining accuracy and stability of the machine tool.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423247390.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-26
AI Technical Summary
The spindle box is affected by gravity during the machine tool's movement, which increases the load on the drive unit and reduces machining accuracy.
A balancing device is adopted, including a balancing bracket, a fixed base and a balancing cylinder. The displacement of the spindle box and piston rod is measured by a grating ruler. The balancing cylinder generates a force opposite to the gravity of the spindle box to counteract the effect of gravity.
Reduce the load on the spindle box drive unit, reduce vibration and deformation, improve the machining accuracy of the machine tool, and avoid inertial impact on the spindle box.
Smart Images
Figure CN223642791U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining equipment, and in particular to a machine tool with a spindle box balancing device. Background Technology
[0002] The spindle box is a housing component in a machine tool that houses and supports the spindle and its transmission mechanism, and is the core part of the machine tool that enables its main motion. In some vertical CNC machine tools, the spindle box is affected by its own gravity during movement. When the spindle box moves upward, it needs to overcome gravity to do work, thus increasing the load on the drive unit; when the spindle box moves downward, its descent speed needs to be controlled to prevent the spindle box from falling rapidly due to gravitational acceleration and causing impact, which would affect the machining accuracy of the machine tool. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a machine tool with a spindle box balancing device. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a machine tool with a spindle box balancing device, which reduces the load on the spindle box drive device and improves the machining accuracy of the machine tool.
[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0005] A machine tool with a spindle box balancing device includes a slide saddle, a spindle box mounted on the slide saddle, and a Z-axis feed system for driving the spindle box to move up and down. It also includes a balancing device, a first grating ruler, and a second grating ruler. The balancing device includes two balancing supports, two fixed seats, and two balancing cylinders. The two balancing supports are respectively mounted on both sides of the top of the slide saddle, the two fixed seats are respectively mounted on both sides of the spindle box, and the two balancing cylinders are respectively located on both sides of the spindle box and arranged along the Z-axis. The cylinder body of the balancing cylinder is mounted on the balancing support, and the piston rod of the balancing cylinder is connected to the fixed seat. The scale grating of the first grating ruler is mounted on the slide saddle along the Z-axis, and the reading head of the first grating ruler is mounted on the spindle box. The scale grating of the second grating ruler is mounted on the slide saddle along the Z-axis, and the reading head of the second grating ruler is mounted on the fixed seat.
[0006] In some embodiments, the balance bracket includes an integrally formed balance block and a connecting ear. The balance block has an upward-opening groove, and the bottom of the groove has a plurality of first waist-shaped holes. The top of the slide saddle has a plurality of first screw holes corresponding to the first waist-shaped holes. The connecting ear has a plurality of second screw holes, and the cylinder body of the balance cylinder has a plurality of second waist-shaped holes corresponding to the second screw holes.
[0007] In at least one embodiment, the fixed base is provided with a connecting through hole through which the piston rod of the balancing cylinder passes downward; the lower end of the piston rod of the balancing cylinder passes through the connecting through hole and is provided with a nut, and the piston rod of the balancing cylinder is provided with a shoulder above the connecting through hole.
[0008] Compared with the prior art, this utility model achieves at least the following beneficial effects:
[0009] When the spindle box of this invention is in operation, the balancing cylinder can generate a force opposite to the direction of the spindle box's gravity, thereby balancing the weight of the spindle box. This reduces the load on the Z-axis feed system, reduces vibration and deformation of the spindle box caused by gravity, and prevents excessive acceleration when the spindle box descends. Furthermore, when the spindle box suddenly stops or decelerates at high speed, the balancing cylinder can absorb the impact force generated by the spindle box's inertia to a certain extent. Specifically, when the spindle box moves upward along the Z-axis, the force required by the spindle box is relatively large due to gravity. At this time, the balancing cylinder provides an upward force to offset most of the weight of the spindle box, reducing the load on the Z-axis feed system. When the spindle box moves downward along the Z-axis, the force required by the spindle box is relatively small due to gravity. At this time, the balancing cylinder provides an upward force to offset most of the weight of the spindle box, preventing excessive acceleration when the spindle box descends and improving the machining accuracy of the machine tool. Attached Figure Description
[0010] One or more embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the balancing device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0013] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region A;
[0014] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region B;
[0015] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region C;
[0016] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0017] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Worktable; 3. X-axis feed system; 4. Gantry; 5. Y-axis feed system; 6. Saddle; 6a. First screw hole; 7. Spindle box; 8. Z-axis feed system; 9. Balancing device; 91. Balancing bracket; 911. Balancing block; 911a. Groove; 911b. First oblong hole; 912. Connecting lug; 912a. Second screw hole; 92. Fixed seat; 92a. Connecting through hole; 93. Balancing cylinder; 931. Cylinder body; 931a. Second oblong hole; 932. Piston rod; 932a. Shoulder; 10. First grating ruler; 20. Second grating ruler; 30. Third grating ruler; 40. Fourth grating ruler. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the present application may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided herein to make the disclosure of this application more complete and to fully convey the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art.
[0019] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "several" or "more than" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" a second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or it can include contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Moreover, "above," "over," and "on top" of a second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" of a second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0020] like Figures 1-6As shown, in one embodiment of this utility model, the machine tool with a spindle box balancing device includes a base 1, a worktable 2, an X-axis feed system 3, a gantry 4, a Y-axis feed system 5, a slide saddle 6, a spindle box 7, and a Z-axis feed system 8. The worktable 2 is mounted on the base 1. The X-axis feed system 3 drives the worktable 2 to move linearly along the X-axis. The gantry 4 is vertically mounted on the base 1. The slide saddle 6 is mounted on the gantry 4. The Y-axis feed system 5 drives the slide saddle 6 to move linearly along the Y-axis. The spindle box 7 is mounted on the slide saddle 6. The Z-axis feed system 8 drives the spindle box 7 to move linearly along the Z-axis. It also includes a balancing device 9, a first grating ruler 10, and a second grating ruler 20. The device 9 includes two balance supports 91, two fixed seats 92, and two balance cylinders 93. The two balance supports 91 are respectively installed on the top two sides of the slide saddle 6, the two fixed seats 92 are respectively installed on the two sides of the spindle box 7, and the two balance cylinders 93 are respectively located on the two sides of the spindle box 7 and arranged along the Z-axis. The cylinder body 931 of the balance cylinder 93 is installed on the balance support 91, and the piston rod 932 of the balance cylinder 93 is connected to the fixed seat 92. The scale grating of the first grating ruler 10 is installed on the slide saddle 6 along the Z-axis, and the reading head of the first grating ruler 10 is installed on the spindle box 7. The scale grating of the second grating ruler 20 is installed on the slide saddle 6 along the Z-axis, and the reading head of the second grating ruler 20 is installed on the fixed seat 92.
[0021] When the spindle box 7 of this utility model is working, due to its large mass, it will generate a large change in gravitational potential energy when moving in the vertical direction. The balancing cylinder 93 can generate a force opposite to the gravity of the spindle box 7, thereby balancing the gravity of the spindle box 7, reducing the load on the Z-axis feed system 8, reducing the vibration and deformation of the spindle box 7 caused by gravity, and when the spindle box 7 suddenly stops or decelerates at high speed, the balancing cylinder 93 can absorb the impact force generated by the inertia of the spindle box 7 to a certain extent. When the spindle box 7 moves upward along the Z-axis, it requires a larger force due to gravity. At this time, the balance cylinder 93 provides an upward force to offset most of the weight of the spindle box 7 and reduce the load on the Z-axis feed system 8. When the spindle box 7 moves downward along the Z-axis, it requires a smaller force due to gravity. At this time, the balance cylinder 93 provides an upward force to offset most of the weight of the spindle box 7, preventing the spindle box 7 from accelerating too quickly when descending and preventing uneven force on the spindle box 7 due to gravity from causing vibration and noise.
[0022] It should be noted that this utility model, by setting a first grating ruler 10 and a second grating ruler 20 on the slide saddle 6, and having the reading head of the first grating ruler 10 mounted on the spindle box 7, allows the reading head of the first grating ruler 10 to move up and down with the spindle box 7, thereby reading the moiré fringe signal on the scale grating of the first grating ruler 10, and thus measuring the displacement of the spindle box 7 in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the displacement of the spindle box 7 relative to the slide saddle 6); similarly, the reading head of the second grating ruler 20 is mounted on the fixed base 92, and the reading head of the second grating ruler 20 can move up and down with the fixed base 92. The fixed seat 92 moves up and down, thereby measuring the displacement of the fixed seat 92 in the Z-axis direction (i.e., the displacement of the piston rod 932). After the spindle box 7 and the balance cylinder 93 execute the system's action command, the first grating ruler 10 and the second grating ruler 20 can monitor whether the spindle box 7 and the piston rod 932 have truly and accurately moved to the required position. If not, a command is sent to the CNC system to make the spindle box 7 and the piston rod 932 reach the accurate position, thereby ensuring the machining accuracy of the spindle and the balancing effect of the balance cylinder 93 on the spindle box 7.
[0023] In some embodiments, the balance bracket 91 includes an integrally formed balance block 911 and a connecting ear 912. The balance block 911 has an upward-opening groove 911a, saving material. The bottom of the groove 911a has a plurality of first oblong holes 911b. The top of the slide saddle 6 has a plurality of first screw holes 6a corresponding to the first oblong holes 911b. The connecting ear 912 has a plurality of second screw holes 912a. The cylinder body 931 of the balance cylinder 93 has a plurality of second oblong holes 931a corresponding to the second screw holes 912a. By providing the first oblong holes 911b, the relative position and angle between the balance block 911 and the slide saddle 6 can be adjusted within a certain range. By providing the second oblong holes 931a, the relative position and angle between the balance cylinder 93 and the connecting ear 912 can be adjusted within a certain range.
[0024] In some embodiments, the fixed base 92 is provided with a connecting through hole 92a through which the piston rod 932 of the balance cylinder 93 passes downward; the lower end of the piston rod 932 of the balance cylinder 93 passes through the connecting through hole 92a and is provided with a nut (not shown in the drawings); the piston rod 932 of the balance cylinder 93 is provided with a shoulder 932a above the connecting through hole 92a, and the shoulder 932a is used to limit the piston rod 932. It should be noted that the nut is threadedly connected to the lower end of the piston rod 932 of the balance cylinder 93, and the nut does not lock the piston rod 932 onto the fixed base 92.
[0025] In some embodiments, the system further includes a third grating ruler 30 and a fourth grating ruler 40. The scale grating of the third grating ruler 30 is mounted on the base 1 along the X-axis direction, and the reading head of the third grating ruler 30 is mounted on the worktable 2. The scale grating of the fourth grating ruler 40 is mounted on the gantry 4 along the Y-axis direction, and the reading head of the fourth grating ruler 40 is mounted on the slide saddle 6. Similarly, the third grating ruler 30 is used to measure the displacement of the worktable 2 in the X-axis direction, and the fourth grating ruler 40 is used to measure the displacement of the slide saddle 6 in the Y-axis direction, thereby ensuring the machining accuracy of the machine tool.
[0026] In some embodiments, the X-axis feed system 3, the Y-axis feed system 5, and the Z-axis feed system 8 each include a linear slide rail, a lead screw and nut pair, and a drive motor. The worktable 2, the slide saddle 6, or the spindle box 7 are slidably mounted on the linear slide rail. The lead screw of the lead screw and nut pair is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, and the nut of the lead screw and nut pair is fixedly connected to the worktable, the slide saddle 6, or the spindle box 7.
[0027] It should be understood that all the above embodiments are exemplary and not restrictive. Any modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described above under the concept of this utility model shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this utility model.
Claims
1. A machine tool with a spindle box balancing device, comprising a saddle, a spindle box mounted on the saddle, and a Z-axis feed system for driving the spindle box to perform lifting and lowering movements, characterized in that: It also includes a balancing device, a first grating ruler, and a second grating ruler; the balancing device includes two balancing supports, two fixed seats, and two balancing cylinders. The two balancing supports are respectively installed on both sides of the top of the slide saddle, the two fixed seats are respectively installed on both sides of the spindle box, and the two balancing cylinders are respectively located on both sides of the spindle box and arranged along the Z-axis direction. The cylinder body of the balancing cylinder is installed on the balancing support, and the piston rod of the balancing cylinder is connected to the fixed seat; the scale grating of the first grating ruler is installed on the slide saddle along the Z-axis direction, and the reading head of the first grating ruler is installed on the spindle box; the scale grating of the second grating ruler is installed on the slide saddle along the Z-axis direction, and the reading head of the second grating ruler is installed on the fixed seat.
2. The machine tool with a spindle box balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balance bracket includes an integrally formed balance block and connecting lug. The balance block has an upward-opening groove, and the bottom of the groove has several first waist-shaped holes. The top of the sliding saddle has several first screw holes corresponding to the first waist-shaped holes. The connecting lug has several second screw holes. The cylinder body of the balance cylinder has several second waist-shaped holes corresponding to the second screw holes.
3. The machine tool with a spindle box balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed base is provided with a connecting through hole for the piston rod of the balancing cylinder to pass downward; the lower end of the piston rod of the balancing cylinder passes through the connecting through hole and is provided with a nut, and the piston rod of the balancing cylinder is provided with a shoulder above the connecting through hole.
4. The machine tool with a spindle box balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a base, a worktable, an X-axis feed system, a gantry, and a Y-axis feed system. The worktable is mounted on the base. The X-axis feed system is used to drive the worktable to move linearly along the X-axis. The gantry is vertically mounted on the base. The slide saddle is mounted on the gantry. The Y-axis feed system is used to drive the slide saddle to move linearly along the Y-axis.
5. The machine tool with a spindle box balancing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a third grating ruler, the scale grating of which is mounted on the base along the X-axis, and the reading head of which is mounted on the worktable.
6. The machine tool with a spindle box balancing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a fourth grating ruler, the scale grating of which is mounted on the gantry along the Y-axis, and the reading head of which is mounted on the slide saddle.