Spindle locking device of turning and milling composite machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a turning and milling composite machine tool spindle locking device which comprises a spindle, a spindle box, a hydraulic cylinder fixing seat, a hydraulic cylinder, a locking block and a shaft sleeve, and is characterized in that the shaft sleeve is arranged on the end face of the spindle, the shaft sleeve and the spindle are fixed in a sleeved mode along the axis center line, and the spindle is arranged in the shaft sleeve in a sleeved mode; the number of the hydraulic cylinder fixing seats is four, the hydraulic cylinder fixing seats which are aligned in pairs are fixedly arranged on the shaft sleeve, the hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve through the hydraulic cylinder fixing seats, and the locking blocks correspond to the hydraulic cylinders in a one-to-one mode and are embedded in the hydraulic cylinders. According to the utility model, the structure is simple, the structures of related parts are simplified, the hydraulic cylinder can be directly assembled and disassembled, the hydraulic cylinder and the locking block are matched for use, and a hydraulic station provides pressure oil to enable the hydraulic cylinder to push the locking block to clamp the main shaft, so that the main shaft can be positioned and locked at any position in a rotating stroke range; the axial load of the spindle bearing is prevented from being increased, so that the operation stability of the spindle structure is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a locking mechanism technical field for shaft, specifically a turning and milling combined machine tool spindle locking device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The core of the turning and milling combined spindle has milling capacity and turning capacity. The turning and milling spindle integration technology is used. When the turning and milling combined machine tool is in the milling state, the spindle can rotate. When the turning and milling combined machine tool is in the turning state, the spindle needs to be locked to prevent rotation. The traditional spindle locking device of the turning and milling combined machine tool mostly uses an end tooth disc locking mechanism or a compression friction plate to achieve locking. The end tooth disc locking mechanism is used to lock the spindle by the compression tooth disc moving with the spindle and the fixed tooth disc fixed on the ram.

[0003] However, the above locking method has the following disadvantages: complex structure, high cost, inconvenient assembly and adjustment, and the locking device uses an end tooth disc to lock. On the one hand, the end tooth disc is arranged in front of the front bearing of the spindle to lock the front end of the spindle, which often leads to uneven force on the front and back of the spindle, resulting in insufficient rigidity, reverse clearance, incomplete unloading of the spindle bearing force, and increased spindle axial force. On the other hand, the static locking block is fixed on the rear bearing mounting seat. When the taper locking device is in the locked state, the static locking block applies a large axial load to the rear bearing through the rear bearing mounting seat, which easily damages the rear bearing and affects the accuracy of the spindle. At the same time, the overall machining accuracy is affected, and in severe cases, the normal operation of the spindle is affected, the service life of the spindle bearing is shortened, and the spindle bearing is easily worn after long-term use. When replacing the spindle bearing, the overall replacement consumes more and increases the cost. Patent No. CN204672974U discloses a spindle hydraulic locking device. The top plate arranged on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is moved into the hydraulic cavity, so that the high-pressure oil filled in the hydraulic cavity is extruded to form a certain pressure, the push plate moves towards the spindle direction, the locking disc cooperates with the clamping groove arranged on the spindle fixing seat, and the spindle is locked. Although the above structure can effectively lock the spindle rotation, the number of parts involved is large, and mechanical failure is easy to occur. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a turning and milling combined machine tool spindle locking device to overcome the above problems. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art, the utility model aims at providing a turning and milling combined machine tool main shaft locking device, which is used to solve the problems of complicated structure, high cost, inconvenient assembly and adjustment of the existing locking mode, ensure that the main shaft can be locked at any required position, make the machining precision higher and effectively prolong the service life of the main shaft, and realize the purposes of simple structure, convenient installation and cost reduction.

[0005] The utility model discloses a technical scheme adopted for realizing the above-mentioned purposes is: a turning and milling combined machine tool main shaft locking device, which comprises a main shaft, a main shaft box, a hydraulic cylinder fixing seat, a hydraulic cylinder, a locking block and a shaft sleeve, characterized in that: an end face of the main shaft is provided with the shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is fixedly sleeved with the main shaft along the axis center line, and the main shaft sleeve is arranged inside the shaft sleeve; the hydraulic cylinder fixing seat is provided with four, and two hydraulic cylinder fixing seats are oppositely arranged and fixed on the shaft sleeve, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve through the hydraulic cylinder fixing seat, and the locking block is correspondingly arranged with the hydraulic cylinder and embedded on the hydraulic cylinder.

[0006] In order to further improve the use convenience of the turning and milling combined machine tool main shaft locking device, the utility model adopts the scheme that: the main shaft is fixedly connected on the main shaft box through a first fastener.

[0007] In order to further improve the use convenience of the turning and milling combined machine tool main shaft locking device, the utility model adopts the scheme that: the hydraulic cylinder fixing seat is fixedly connected on the main shaft through a second fastener.

[0008] In order to further improve the use convenience of the turning and milling combined machine tool main shaft locking device, the utility model adopts the scheme that: the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected on the hydraulic cylinder fixing seat through a third fastener.

[0009] In order to further improve the use convenience of the turning and milling combined machine tool main shaft locking device, the utility model adopts the scheme that: the locking block is fixedly connected on the hydraulic cylinder through a fourth fastener.

[0010] In order to further improve the use convenience of the turning and milling combined machine tool main shaft locking device, the utility model adopts the scheme that: the first fastener is one of a stud, a screw, a self-tapping screw, a wooden screw, a pin, a rivet and a welding nail.

[0011] In order to further improve the use convenience of the turning and milling combined machine tool main shaft locking device, the utility model adopts the scheme that: the second fastener is one of a bolt, a stud, a screw, a nut, a self-tapping screw, a wooden screw, a pin, a rivet, a combination and a connecting pair and a welding nail.

[0012] In order to further improve the turning and milling combined machine tool spindle locking device convenient, the utility model adopts the scheme is: the third fastener is rivet.

[0013] In order to further improve the turning and milling combined machine tool spindle locking device convenient, the utility model adopts the scheme is: the fourth fastener is bolt, stud, screw, nut, self tapping screw, wood screw, pin, rivet, combination and connecting pair and one of welding nail.

[0014] In order to further improve the turning and milling combined machine tool spindle locking device convenient, the utility model adopts the scheme is: the hydraulic cylinder with the hydraulic cylinder fixed seat adopts riveting mode fixed connection.

[0015] The utility model discloses a kind of turning and milling combined machine tool spindle locking device, which is characterized by comprising main shaft, first fastener, main shaft box, hydraulic cylinder fixed seat, second fastener, hydraulic cylinder, third fastener, locking block, fourth fastener and shaft sleeve.

[0016] In addition, when a certain hydraulic cylinder of the turning and milling combined machine tool spindle locking device has a problem, the corresponding hydraulic cylinder can be directly removed and replaced, without the need for overall replacement, which saves costs and improves the convenience of the spindle structure.

[0017] In addition, the turning and milling combined machine tool spindle locking device can lock the end of the main shaft when the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the end of the main shaft, which avoids increasing the axial load of the main shaft bearing and improves the operation stability of the main shaft structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Fig. 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0019] Fig. 2 It is a B-B cross-sectional schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0020] Fig. 3 It is an A-direction bottom view of the utility model;

[0021] Fig. 4 It is an A-direction internal schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0022] In the drawing: 1 main shaft, 2 first fastener, 3 main shaft box, 4 hydraulic cylinder fixed seat, 5 second fastener, 6 hydraulic cylinder, 7 third fastener, 8 locking block, 9 fourth fastener, 10 shaft sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the utility model.

[0024] Please refer to Figs. 1 to 4 The utility model discloses a turning and milling combined machine tool main shaft locking device, including main shaft 1, main shaft box 3, hydraulic cylinder fixed seat 4, hydraulic cylinder 6, locking block 8 and shaft sleeve 10, the end face of main shaft 1 is equipped with shaft sleeve 10, along the axis center line sleeve joint fixed between shaft sleeve 10 and main shaft 1, and main shaft 1 is set in the inside of shaft sleeve 10, hydraulic cylinder fixed seat 4 is provided with four, and the hydraulic cylinder fixed seat 4 of two two alignment is fixed on shaft sleeve 10, hydraulic cylinder 6 is fixed with shaft sleeve 10 through hydraulic cylinder fixed seat 4, locking block 8 corresponds with hydraulic cylinder 6 and locking block 8 is embedded in hydraulic cylinder 6.

[0025] The working principle of the utility model is: when using, first when main shaft 1 stops in the position required in the operation process, the pressure oil (namely: high pressure oil) provided by the hydraulic station drives hydraulic cylinder 6 (namely: the hydraulic cavity corresponding to hydraulic cylinder 6 is filled with high pressure oil) to carry out pressure driving operation, makes it push locking block 8 to the direction of moving close to main shaft 1, thereby locking main shaft 1 through locking block 8, so as to guarantee the turning processing demand. Through the cooperation of hydraulic cylinder 6 and locking block 8, the pressure oil provided by the hydraulic station makes hydraulic cylinder 6 push locking block to clamp main shaft 1, so that the locking treatment of main shaft 1 at any position can be realized, the influence of milling processing main shaft 1 rotation is effectively avoided, and the turning operation efficiency and precision are improved.

[0026] Further, the main shaft 1 is fixedly connected to the main shaft box 3 through a first fastener 2, the first fastener 2 is one of a stud, a screw, a self-tapping screw, a wood screw, a pin, a rivet and a welding pin, and specifically is a screw. The first fastener 2 has the advantages of high reliability, good safety, strong convenience, high standardization degree and wide application, and improves the installation firmness of the main shaft 1 and the main shaft box 3.

[0027] Further, the hydraulic cylinder fixed seat 4 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 1 through a second fastener 5, the second fastener 5 is one of a bolt, a stud, a screw, a nut, a self-tapping screw, a wood screw, a pin, a rivet, a combination and a connecting pair, and specifically is a screw. The second fastener 5 has the advantages of high reliability, good safety, strong convenience, high standardization degree and wide application, and improves the installation firmness of the main shaft 1 and the hydraulic cylinder fixed seat 4.

[0028] Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder mounting base 4 by a third fastener 7, which is a rivet. The hydraulic cylinder 6 and the hydraulic cylinder mounting base 4 are fixedly connected by riveting. The third fastener 7 has the advantages of high reliability, good safety, strong convenience, high standardization and wide application, which improves the installation firmness of the hydraulic cylinder 6 and the hydraulic cylinder mounting base 4.

[0029] Furthermore, the locking block 8 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder 6 by a fourth fastener 9. The fourth fastener 9 is one of the following: bolt, stud, screw, nut, self-tapping screw, wood screw, pin, rivet, assembly and connecting pair, and weld stud, specifically a screw. The fourth fastener 9 has the advantages of high reliability, good safety, strong convenience, high standardization and wide application, improving the installation firmness of the hydraulic cylinder 6 and the locking block 8.

[0030] This utility model features a simple structure, further simplifying the structure of related components and avoiding locking failures caused by mechanical malfunctions. Through the coordinated use of the hydraulic cylinder and locking block, pressure oil supplied by the hydraulic station causes the hydraulic cylinder to push the locking block to clamp the spindle, enabling positioning and locking of the spindle at any position within its rotational stroke range. Furthermore, if a hydraulic cylinder malfunctions, the corresponding cylinder can be directly removed and replaced, eliminating the need for a complete replacement and reducing costs, thus improving the convenience of the spindle structure. Additionally, by fixing the hydraulic cylinder to the end of the spindle, it can lock the spindle end when turning functions are required, preventing increased axial load on the spindle bearings and improving the operational stability of the spindle structure.

[0031] All standard parts used in this utility model can be purchased from the market. Irregular parts can be customized or made in-house according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art. In addition, the circuit connection adopts conventional connection methods in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here. The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0032] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A spindle locking device for a milling and turning composite machine tool, comprising a spindle (1), a spindle box (3), a hydraulic cylinder mounting base (4), a hydraulic cylinder (6), a locking block (8), and a bushing (10), characterized in that: The end face of the main shaft (1) is provided with the bushing (10), the bushing (10) and the main shaft (1) are sleeved and fixed along the center line of the axis, and the main shaft (1) is sleeved inside the bushing (10); four hydraulic cylinder fixing seats (4) are provided, and the hydraulic cylinder fixing seats (4) are fixed on the bushing (10) in pairs; the hydraulic cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to the bushing (10) through the hydraulic cylinder fixing seats (4); the locking block (8) corresponds to the hydraulic cylinder (6) one by one and the locking block (8) is embedded in the hydraulic cylinder (6).

2. The spindle locking device for a milling and turning machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindle (1) is fixedly connected to the spindle box (3) by a first fastener (2).

3. The spindle locking device for a milling and turning machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinder mounting base (4) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (1) by a second fastener (5).

4. A locking device for the spindle of a milling and turning machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder mounting base (4) by a third fastener (7).

5. A locking device for the spindle of a milling and turning machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking block (8) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder (6) by a fourth fastener (9).

6. A locking device for the spindle of a milling and turning machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first fastener (2) is one of the following: stud, screw, self-tapping screw, wood screw, pin, rivet and welding stud.

7. A locking device for the spindle of a milling and turning machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second fastener (5) is one of the following: bolt, stud, screw, nut, self-tapping screw, wood screw, pin, rivet, assembly and connection pair, and welding stud.

8. A locking device for the spindle of a milling and turning machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third fastener (7) is a rivet.

9. The spindle locking device for a milling and turning machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fourth fastener (9) is one of the following: bolt, stud, screw, nut, self-tapping screw, wood screw, pin, rivet, assembly and connecting pair, and welding stud.

10. A locking device for the spindle of a milling and turning machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinder (6) and the hydraulic cylinder mounting base (4) are fixedly connected by riveting.

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