Explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling device
By using explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling devices, and utilizing mine water heat pump units and plate heat exchangers, the problems of low energy utilization and poor economic efficiency in wellhead antifreeze technology have been solved, achieving safe, stable, and energy-saving heating and cooling effects.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520052706.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing wellhead antifreeze technologies suffer from problems such as a single energy utilization method, low utilization rate, and the need to improve economic efficiency, especially hot air boilers and electric heating units, which have high and unstable operating costs.
The system employs explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling devices, utilizing mine water heat pump units and plate heat exchangers to preheat or precool air using mine water. Combined with water source heat pump technology, it achieves efficient heating or cooling of the air, providing stable heating and cooling services.
It achieves safe, stable, and energy-efficient heating and cooling, reduces operating costs, improves energy utilization, and reduces pollutant emissions.
Smart Images
Figure CN223649502U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mine wellhead air conditioning technology, specifically, it relates to an explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling device. Background Technology
[0002] For coal mining enterprises, there are needs for mine entrance frost protection and building heating in winter, with mine entrance frost protection being directly related to safe production. The "Coal Mine Safety Regulations" stipulate that the air temperature below the intake shaft must be above 2℃. This is to prevent cold air from encountering water spray and humid air at the mine entrance, causing ice to form on the shaft walls, guide beams, etc., blocking parts of the mine entrance cross-section, affecting airflow, and posing a serious threat to the safety of hoisting equipment and personnel. In many parts of northern my country, winter temperatures are low, necessitating the heating of the cold air entering the mine entrance.
[0003] Currently, most wellhead heating technologies utilize hot air boilers (natural gas hot air furnaces) or electric heating units to produce hot air at 40℃~80℃, which is then mixed with some unheated air to ensure the air temperature below the wellhead remains above 2℃. However, most wellhead anti-freezing natural gas boilers are between 6t / h and 15t / h, falling within the scope of key market safety regulations. Gas-fired boilers suffer from high operating costs and high nitrogen oxide emissions, and the stable supply of natural gas resources is difficult to guarantee. While electric heating units offer relatively stable operation, their application is restricted by wellhead electricity safety regulations, and their operating costs are also very high.
[0004] In the field of wellhead antifreeze technology research and application, in addition to the aforementioned hot air boilers and electric heating technologies, technologies for utilizing coal mine waste heat resources, such as direct utilization of air compressor heat recovery, utilization of mine water waste heat, utilization of mine return air waste heat, and utilization of waste heat from gas power generation, have received widespread attention and are currently hot topics in coal mine production safety and application. However, these wellhead antifreeze technologies based on waste heat utilization still have problems such as a single energy utilization method, low utilization rate, and the need to improve economic efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides an explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling device, which solves the problems of single energy utilization method, low utilization rate, and need to improve economic efficiency in existing wellhead antifreeze technology based on waste heat utilization.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] An explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling device includes a casing, a mine water heat pump unit, and heating and cooling ports located in the main and auxiliary shaft wellhead rooms. The casing contains a first heat exchange chamber, a mixing chamber, and a second heat exchange chamber arranged sequentially from left to right. The left and right sides of the casing are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is connected to the first heat exchange chamber, and the air outlet is connected to the second heat exchange chamber. An explosion-proof induced draft fan is installed in the air outlet, and the air outlet is connected to the heating and cooling ports through an air outlet pipe.
[0008] The first heat exchange chamber is equipped with an air-water counter-current type preheat exchanger, which is used to preheat or precool the air entering the first heat exchange chamber. The heat source or cold source of the air-water counter-current type preheat exchanger is mine water. The second heat exchange chamber is equipped with a secondary heat exchanger, which is used to further heat up or cool down the preheated or precooled air to supply the heating and cooling ports of the main and auxiliary shaft head rooms. The heat source or cold source of the plate heat exchanger is supplied by the mine water heat pump unit.
[0009] Preferably, the air inlet is equipped with an air filter to prevent external impurities from entering the housing.
[0010] Preferably, the air-water countercurrent preheat exchanger is made of serpentine stainless steel tubes, with air flow channels formed between the tubes of the serpentine stainless steel tubes, and stainless steel turbulence deflectors provided on the outer surface of the serpentine stainless steel tubes. The inlet of the serpentine stainless steel tubes is connected to the mine water supply pipe, and a mine water supply pump is provided on the mine water supply pipe. The outlet of the serpentine stainless steel tubes is connected to the mine water external drainage pipe.
[0011] Preferably, the stainless steel turbulence element is a spiral guide vane welded to the wall of the serpentine stainless steel tube to improve heat exchange efficiency.
[0012] Preferably, the mine water heat pump unit is an indirect heat pump unit, comprising a primary heat exchanger and a water source heat pump unit. The water source heat pump unit has a softened water circulation pipeline. The softened water in the circulation pipeline first exchanges heat with the mine water through the primary heat exchanger, and then exchanges heat a second time with the air in the second heat exchange chamber after being heated or cooled by the water source heat pump unit. It should be noted that water source heat pump units with heating or cooling functions are existing technology in this field, and their specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail here.
[0013] Preferably, both the primary and secondary heat exchangers are plate heat exchangers, which helps to improve heat exchange efficiency.
[0014] Preferably, the plate heat exchanger includes several parallel hydrophilic aluminum plates and copper tubes serpentinely threaded through the hydrophilic aluminum plates. In the primary heat exchanger, the intervals between adjacent hydrophilic aluminum plates form softened water channels, and in the secondary heat exchanger, the intervals between adjacent hydrophilic aluminum plates form air channels. The inlet and outlet of the copper tubes are respectively connected to the water supply and return ports of the mine water heat pump unit. More preferably, the primary heat exchanger further includes a shell with a mine water inlet and a mine water outlet. The mine water inlet is connected to a mine water supply pipe, and the mine water outlet is connected to a mine water external drainage pipe.
[0015] Preferably, the main and auxiliary shaft wellhead rooms are equipped with fresh air inlets, and the heating and cooling outlets are correspondingly arranged with the fresh air inlets. This arrangement enables the fresh air entering the main and auxiliary shaft wellhead rooms to be fully mixed with the hot or cold air supplied through the heating and cooling outlets, so as to efficiently regulate the room temperature in the main and auxiliary shaft wellhead rooms and ensure that the air temperature introduced into the wellhead in winter is not lower than 2°C, thereby preventing the wellhead from freezing in winter.
[0016] This utility model also includes other devices or components that enable the explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling device to function normally, all of which are conventional technical means in the art. Furthermore, any devices or components not specified in this utility model employ conventional technical means in the art.
[0017] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: In winter, during the mine water discharge stage, an air-water counter-current type preheater is first used, using mine water at about 16-18℃ as a preheating source. Under the suction force of the explosion-proof induced draft fan, cold air outside the shell is drawn into the first heat exchange chamber through the air inlet, preheating the cold air to about 5℃. After the preheated air is mixed in the mixing chamber, it enters the second heat exchange chamber under the suction force of the explosion-proof induced draft fan to exchange heat with the second heat exchanger and increase its temperature. Meanwhile, this application employs a mine water heat pump unit, utilizing mine water at approximately 16-18°C to exchange for low-temperature heat source water at approximately 15°C. Then, using water source heat pump technology, with the 15°C heat source water as the low-temperature heat source, the water source heat pump system consumes a certain amount of electricity to produce hot water on the load side of the system at approximately 45°C. This hot water is then supplied to the second heat exchanger to reheat the preheated air flowing through it. After being heated to approximately 30°C, the preheated air is sent to the main and auxiliary shaft headhouses, where it mixes with the naturally drawn cold air to achieve a temperature of approximately 5°C in the shaft during winter and above 2°C in extremely cold weather, thus achieving the purpose of wellhead heating. Simultaneously, the ambient temperature of the working positions in the main and auxiliary shaft headhouse workshops is improved, providing heating benefits for the workers in these workshops. Similarly, in summer, this application first uses mine water at around 16-18°C as a pre-cooling source to pre-cool the air entering the first heat exchange chamber and the softened water in the first heat exchanger. The softened water in the first heat exchanger, after being pre-cooled, consumes a certain amount of electricity through water source heat pump technology to produce load-side system chilled water at around 8°C. This chilled water is then supplied to the second heat exchanger to further cool the pre-cooled air flowing through it. Finally, it is supplied to the main and auxiliary shaft shaft houses, thereby converting the cold source into cold air, which is then transported to the shaft opening and various work positions underground through the main and auxiliary shaft air intake system, providing workers with summer cooling benefits.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:
[0019] (1) Safe and stable. The system has a simple structure, no pressure vessel, and the power components are only the water source heat pump unit, the mine water supply pump, and the explosion-proof induced draft fan, all of which are mature equipment and can achieve a high degree of automation during operation. Moreover, the coal mine water resources are stable, and the reliability of cooling and heating is high.
[0020] (2) Energy saving and environmental protection. This system uses clean energy sources such as mine water and electricity, with no direct pollutant emissions, and has obvious environmental advantages. The system makes full use of the waste heat resources of mine water, consumes only a small amount of electricity, and does not need to consume primary energy sources such as natural gas and coal, resulting in significant energy savings.
[0021] (3) Economic. The energy cost of this system is only a small amount of electricity, and it has few power components. It can achieve a high degree of automation during operation, and the labor and maintenance costs are low.
[0022] In summary, this utility model not only solves the problems of single energy utilization method, low utilization rate and need to improve economic efficiency in existing wellhead antifreeze technology based on waste heat utilization, but also has the advantages of simple structure, energy saving, environmental protection and safe and stable operation, and is worthy of promotion and application. Attached Figure Description
[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention in the embodiment.
[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the hydrophilic aluminum plate and the copper tube in the embodiment. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The present invention will now be clearly described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This description is merely for explaining the present invention and is not intended to limit it. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort to obtain all other embodiments should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0027] Example
[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides an explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling device, including a housing 1, a mine water heat pump unit, and a heating and cooling port 2 located in the main and auxiliary wellhead rooms 19. The housing is provided with a first heat exchange chamber 3, a mixing chamber 4, and a second heat exchange chamber 5 from left to right. The left and right sides of the housing are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is provided with an air filter 10 to prevent external impurities from entering the housing. The air inlet is connected to the first heat exchange chamber, and the air outlet is connected to the second heat exchange chamber. The air outlet is provided with an explosion-proof induced draft fan 6, and the air outlet is connected to the heating and cooling port through an air outlet pipe 7.
[0029] The first heat exchange chamber is equipped with an air-water counter-current type preheater 8, which is used to preheat or precool the air entering the first heat exchange chamber. The heat source or cold source of the air-water counter-current type preheater is mine water. The second heat exchange chamber is equipped with a secondary heat exchanger 9, which is used to further heat up or cool down the preheated or precooled air to supply the heating and cooling ports of the main and auxiliary shaft head rooms. The heat source or cold source of the plate heat exchanger is supplied by the mine water heat pump unit.
[0030] Specifically, the air-water counter-current preheat exchanger is made of serpentine stainless steel tubes. An airflow channel is formed between the tubes of the serpentine stainless steel tubes, and stainless steel baffles 11 are provided on the outer surface of the tubes. The inlet of the serpentine stainless steel tubes is connected to a mine water supply pipe 12, which is equipped with a mine water supply pump 13. The outlet of the serpentine stainless steel tubes is connected to a mine water drainage pipe 14. More specifically, the stainless steel baffles are spiral guide vanes welded to the wall of the serpentine stainless steel tubes to improve heat exchange efficiency.
[0031] In this invention, the mine water heat pump unit is an indirect heat pump unit, comprising a primary heat exchanger 14 and a water source heat pump unit 15. The water source heat pump unit has a softened water circulation pipeline. The softened water in the circulation pipeline first exchanges heat with the mine water through the primary heat exchanger, and then exchanges heat a second time with the air in the second heat exchange chamber after being heated or cooled by the water source heat pump unit. It should be noted that water source heat pump units with heating or cooling functions are existing technology in this field, and their specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail here.
[0032] Furthermore, the main and auxiliary shaft wellhead rooms are equipped with fresh air inlets 16, and the heating and cooling outlets are correspondingly set to the fresh air inlets. This arrangement enables the fresh air entering the main and auxiliary shaft wellhead rooms to be fully mixed with the hot or cold air supplied through the heating and cooling outlets, so as to efficiently regulate the room temperature in the main and auxiliary shaft wellhead rooms and ensure that the air temperature introduced into the wellhead in winter is not lower than 2°C, thereby preventing the wellhead from freezing in winter.
[0033] In this embodiment, both the primary and secondary heat exchangers are plate heat exchangers, which helps to improve heat exchange efficiency. Figure 2 As shown, the plate heat exchanger includes several parallel hydrophilic aluminum plates 17 and copper tubes 18 arranged in a serpentine pattern on the hydrophilic aluminum plates. In the primary heat exchanger, the intervals between adjacent hydrophilic aluminum plates form softened water channels, and in the secondary heat exchanger, the intervals between adjacent hydrophilic aluminum plates form air channels. The inlet and outlet of the copper tubes are respectively connected to the water supply and return ports of the mine water heat pump unit. More specifically, the primary heat exchanger also includes a shell with a mine water inlet and a mine water outlet. The mine water inlet is connected to a mine water supply pipe, and the mine water outlet is connected to a mine water external drainage pipe.
[0034] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: In winter, during the mine water discharge stage, an air-water counter-current type preheater is first used, using mine water at about 16-18℃ as a preheating source. Under the suction force of the explosion-proof induced draft fan, cold air outside the shell is drawn into the first heat exchange chamber through the air inlet, preheating the cold air to about 5℃. After the preheated air is mixed in the mixing chamber, it enters the second heat exchange chamber under the suction force of the explosion-proof induced draft fan to exchange heat with the second heat exchanger and increase its temperature. Meanwhile, this application employs a mine water heat pump unit, utilizing mine water at approximately 16-18°C to exchange for low-temperature heat source water at approximately 15°C. Then, using water source heat pump technology, with the 15°C heat source water as the low-temperature heat source, the water source heat pump system consumes a certain amount of electricity to produce hot water on the load side of the system at approximately 45°C. This hot water is then supplied to the second heat exchanger to reheat the preheated air flowing through it. After being heated to approximately 30°C, the preheated air is sent to the main and auxiliary shaft headhouses, where it mixes with the naturally drawn cold air to achieve a temperature of approximately 5°C in the shaft during winter and above 2°C in extremely cold weather, thus achieving the purpose of wellhead heating. Simultaneously, the ambient temperature of the working positions in the main and auxiliary shaft headhouse workshops is improved, providing heating benefits for the workers in these workshops. Similarly, in summer, this application first uses mine water at around 16-18°C as a pre-cooling source to pre-cool the air entering the first heat exchange chamber and the softened water in the first heat exchanger. The softened water in the first heat exchanger, after being pre-cooled, consumes a certain amount of electricity through water source heat pump technology to produce load-side system chilled water at around 8°C. This chilled water is then supplied to the second heat exchanger to further cool the pre-cooled air flowing through it. Finally, it is supplied to the main and auxiliary shaft shaft houses, thereby converting the cold source into cold air, which is then transported to the shaft opening and various work positions underground through the main and auxiliary shaft air intake system, providing workers with summer cooling benefits.
[0035] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims
1. An explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling device, comprising a casing, a mine water heat pump unit, and heating and cooling inlets located in the wellhead rooms of the main and auxiliary shafts, characterized in that: The casing is provided with a first heat exchange chamber, a mixing chamber and a second heat exchange chamber from left to right. The left and right sides of the casing are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is connected to the first heat exchange chamber and the air outlet is connected to the second heat exchange chamber. An explosion-proof fan is provided in the air outlet and the air outlet is connected to the heating and cooling port through an air outlet pipe. The first heat exchange chamber is equipped with an air-water counter-current type preheat exchanger, which is used to preheat or precool the air entering the first heat exchange chamber. The heat source or cold source of the air-water counter-current type preheat exchanger is mine water. The second heat exchange chamber is equipped with a secondary heat exchanger, which is used to further heat up or cool down the preheated or precooled air to supply the heating and cooling ports of the main and auxiliary shaft head rooms. The heat source or cold source of the plate heat exchanger is supplied by the mine water heat pump unit.
2. The explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet is equipped with an air filter.
3. The explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-water counter-current type preheat exchanger is made of serpentine stainless steel tubes. An air flow channel is formed between the tubes of the serpentine stainless steel tubes, and stainless steel turbulence eliminators are provided on the outer surface of the serpentine stainless steel tubes. The water inlet of the serpentine stainless steel tubes is connected to the mine water supply pipe, and a mine water supply pump is provided on the mine water supply pipe. The water outlet of the serpentine stainless steel tubes is connected to the mine water external drainage pipe.
4. The explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stainless steel turbulence element is a spiral guide plate welded to the wall of the serpentine stainless steel pipe.
5. The explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mine water heat pump unit is an indirect heat pump unit, which includes a primary heat exchanger and a water source heat pump unit. The water source heat pump unit is equipped with a softened water circulation pipeline. The softened water in the softened water circulation pipeline first exchanges heat with the mine water through the primary heat exchanger, and then exchanges heat with the air in the second heat exchange chamber after being heated or cooled by the water source heat pump unit.
6. The explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both the primary and secondary heat exchangers are plate heat exchangers.
7. The explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plate heat exchanger includes several parallel hydrophilic aluminum plates and copper tubes that are serpentinely threaded through the hydrophilic aluminum plates. In the primary heat exchanger, the intervals between adjacent hydrophilic aluminum plates form a softened water flow channel. In the secondary heat exchanger, the intervals between adjacent hydrophilic aluminum plates form an air flow channel. The inlet and outlet of the copper tubes are connected to the water supply and return ports of the mine water heat pump unit, respectively.
8. An explosion-proof wellhead heating and cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The main and auxiliary shaft wellhead rooms are equipped with fresh air inlets, and the heating and cooling outlets are correspondingly set with the fresh air inlets.