Fuel cell for relieving end effect

Abstract

The utility model provides a fuel cell capable of relieving an end effect, which comprises a galvanic pile, the galvanic pile comprises a cooling circulation passage arranged in the galvanic pile and an end plate distribution device arranged at the end, and the liquid inlet end of the distribution device is connected with the liquid outlet end of the cooling circulation passage; the liquid inlet end of the heat dissipation device is connected with the first liquid outlet end of the distribution device, and the liquid outlet end of the heat dissipation device is connected with the liquid inlet end of the cooling circulation path; the heating circulation channel is arranged in the end plate, the liquid inlet end of the heating circulation channel is connected with the second liquid outlet end of the distribution device, and the liquid outlet end of the heating circulation channel is connected with the liquid inlet end of the distribution device. According to the fuel cell capable of relieving the end effect disclosed by the invention, part of the cooling medium after absorbing heat can directly enter the heating circulation path without passing through the heat dissipation device under the proportional distribution of the distribution device, so that the heating of the pile end plate is realized, and the problem of the end effect of the fuel cell in a low-temperature environment is further greatly relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and more particularly to a fuel cell that mitigates end-effects. Background Technology

[0002] A fuel cell is a power generation device that directly converts the chemical energy of fuel and oxidant into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. It is widely used in transportation, stationary power supply, portable power supply and other fields due to its advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency, low environmental pollution, wide range of fuel applicability, strong modularity and high reliability.

[0003] Existing fuel cells generally suffer from end-effects, which cause single-terminal low voltage or reverse polarity phenomena at both ends. This end-effect is particularly pronounced in low-temperature environments, severely restricting the low-temperature start-up and operation of fuel cells. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a fuel cell that mitigates end-effects.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this disclosure provides a fuel cell for mitigating end effects, comprising: a fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack including: a cooling circulation path disposed inside and an end plate disposed at the end, wherein a cooling medium flows through the cooling circulation path; a distribution device, wherein the inlet end of the distribution device is connected to the outlet end of the cooling circulation path; a heat dissipation device, wherein the inlet end of the heat dissipation device is connected to a first outlet end of the distribution device, and the outlet end of the heat dissipation device is connected to the inlet end of the cooling circulation path; and a heating circulation path, wherein the heating circulation path is disposed inside the end plate, and the inlet end of the heating circulation path is connected to a second outlet end of the distribution device, and the outlet end of the heating circulation path is connected to the inlet end of the distribution device.

[0007] Optionally, the distribution device includes: a three-way valve, wherein the inlet end of the three-way valve is connected to the outlet end of the cooling circulation passage, and the first outlet end of the three-way valve is connected to the inlet end of the heat dissipation device, and the second outlet end of the three-way valve is connected to the inlet end of the heating circulation passage.

[0008] Optionally, the distribution device further includes: a first temperature sensor, the detection end of which is disposed outside the fuel cell stack, and the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature outside the fuel cell stack; and a first controller, the signal input end of which is connected to the signal output end of the first temperature sensor, and the signal output end of the first controller is connected to the signal input end of the three-way valve.

[0009] Optionally, the cooling circulation path is arranged along the thickness direction of the end plate, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the cooling circulation path extend out of the end plate along the thickness direction of the end plate, respectively; the heating circulation path is arranged along the plane direction of the end plate, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the heating circulation path extend out of the end plate along the plane direction of the end plate, respectively.

[0010] Optionally, the fuel cell stack further includes: an internal hydrogen circulation passage through which hydrogen is introduced, and the hydrogen circulation passage is arranged along the thickness direction of the end plate, with the inlet and outlet ends of the hydrogen circulation passage extending onto the end plate along the thickness direction of the end plate, respectively.

[0011] Optionally, the fuel cell stack further includes: an internal air circulation passage through which oxygen is introduced, and the air circulation passage is arranged along the thickness direction of the end plate, with the air inlet and outlet of the air circulation passage extending onto the end plate along the thickness direction of the end plate, respectively.

[0012] Optionally, the fuel cell further includes: a first booster pump, which is disposed between the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation device and the liquid inlet of the cooling circulation passage, and the liquid inlet of the first booster pump is connected to the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation device, and the liquid outlet of the first booster pump is connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling circulation passage.

[0013] Optionally, the fuel cell further includes: a second booster pump, which is disposed between the liquid inlet end of the heating circulation passage and the second liquid outlet end of the distribution device, and the liquid inlet end of the second booster pump is connected to the second liquid outlet end of the distribution device, and the liquid outlet end of the second booster pump is connected to the liquid inlet end of the heating circulation passage.

[0014] Optionally, the heat dissipation device includes: a radiator, wherein the inlet end of the heat dissipation passage of the radiator is connected to the first outlet end of the distribution device, and the outlet end of the heat dissipation passage of the radiator is connected to the inlet end of the cooling circulation passage, and the heat absorption passage of the radiator is circulated with a heat absorption medium.

[0015] Optionally, the heat dissipation device further includes: a flow regulator disposed on the heat absorption path of the radiator; a second temperature sensor disposed at the liquid inlet of the cooling circulation path and used to detect the temperature at the liquid inlet of the cooling circulation path; and a second controller connected to the signal input of the second controller and the signal output of the second temperature sensor, and connected to the signal input of the flow regulator.

[0016] The technical solution provided in this disclosure may include the following beneficial effects:

[0017] Because the heating circulation path is located inside the end plate, and the inlet end of the heating circulation path is connected to the second outlet end of the distribution device, and the outlet end of the heating circulation path is connected to the inlet end of the distribution device, some of the heat-absorbing cooling medium can directly enter the heating circulation path without passing through the heat dissipation device under the proportional distribution of the distribution device, thereby realizing the heating of the stack end plate, which greatly alleviates the end effect problem of fuel cell in low temperature environment, and effectively improves the cold start capability and high-altitude cold environment operation capability of fuel cell.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of this disclosure will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fuel cell for mitigating end-effects according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a flow path diagram of a fuel cell for mitigating end-effects according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0022] As shown in the figure: 1. Fuel cell stack, 11. Cooling circulation path, 12. End plate, 13. Hydrogen circulation path, 14. Air circulation path.

[0023] 2. Three-way valve;

[0024] 3. Heat dissipation device; 4. Heating circulation path; 5. First booster pump; 6. Second booster pump. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Embodiments of this disclosure are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are used only to explain this disclosure, and should not be construed as limiting this disclosure. Rather, embodiments of this disclosure include all variations, modifications, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this disclosure proposes a fuel cell for mitigating end effects, including: a stack 1, a distribution device, a heat dissipation device 3, and a heating circulation path 4. The stack 1 includes: a cooling circulation path 11 disposed inside and an end plate 12 disposed at the end. A cooling medium is introduced into the cooling circulation path 11. The liquid inlet end of the distribution device is connected to the liquid outlet end of the cooling circulation path 11. The liquid inlet end of the heat dissipation device 3 is connected to the first liquid outlet end of the distribution device, and the liquid outlet end of the heat dissipation device 3 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the cooling circulation path 11. The heating circulation path 4 is disposed inside the end plate 12, and the liquid inlet end of the heating circulation path 4 is connected to the second liquid outlet end of the distribution device, and the liquid outlet end of the heating circulation path 4 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the distribution device.

[0027] It is understandable that, since the liquid inlet of the distribution device is connected to the liquid outlet of the cooling circulation passage 11, and the liquid inlet of the heat dissipation device 3 is connected to the first liquid outlet of the distribution device, and the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation device 3 is connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling circulation passage 11, the cooling medium can continuously circulate between the cooling circulation passage 11 and the heat dissipation device 3. When the cooling medium passes through the cooling circulation passage 11, it can absorb the heat inside the fuel cell stack 1, and when the cooling medium passes through the heat dissipation device 3, it can release the absorbed heat. Thus, by utilizing the continuous circulation of the cooling medium, heat dissipation inside the fuel cell stack 1 is achieved, thereby ensuring that the fuel cell stack 1 can operate stably within the optimal temperature range.

[0028] Furthermore, since the heating circulation passage 4 is located inside the end plate 12, and the liquid inlet end of the heating circulation passage 4 is connected to the second liquid outlet end of the distribution device, and the liquid outlet end of the heating circulation passage 4 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the distribution device, some of the heat-absorbing cooling medium can directly enter the heating circulation passage 4 without passing through the heat dissipation device 3 under the proportional distribution of the distribution device, thereby realizing the heating of the end plate 12 of the stack 1, which greatly alleviates the end effect problem of the fuel cell in low temperature environment, and effectively improves the cold start capability and high-altitude cold environment operation capability of the fuel cell.

[0029] It should be noted that by using the heating circulation path 4 to heat the end plate 12, the end effect in low temperature environment can be effectively alleviated, reducing the risk of icing and reverse polarity. Moreover, the heating source comes from the cooling medium used for heat dissipation of the stack 1 in the cooling circulation path 11, which not only reduces the heat dissipation energy consumption of the heat dissipation device 3, but also eliminates the heating energy consumption of the end plate 12. Thus, while alleviating the end effect problem of fuel cell, the operating cost of fuel cell is also effectively reduced.

[0030] The fuel cell stack 1 is the core component of the fuel cell, including end plates 12, insulating plates, current collectors, bipolar plates, membrane electrode assemblies, sealing rings, fasteners, and other parts. The end plates 12, located at both ends of the stack 1, possess a certain degree of rigidity and hardness, primarily serving a supporting function. The insulating plates provide electrical isolation between the current collectors and the end plates 12 to improve power density. The current collectors are crucial for transmitting the fuel cell's electrical energy to the external load and are typically made of highly conductive metal materials. The bipolar plates form the "skeleton" of the stack 1, providing support, collecting current, providing channels for the coolant, and separating the oxidant and reductant. The bipolar plate adopts a 2-plate, 3-field structure, with one side contacting the anode for hydrogen gas and the other side contacting the cathode for air gas, and the middle section for coolant. The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is the core component of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, consisting of a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst layer, and a gas diffusion layer, forming a so-called "three-in-one structure." The sealing ring is used to ensure the normal and safe flow of gas and liquid inside the stack 1, and needs to meet requirements such as high gas barrier properties, low moisture permeability, moisture resistance, environmental heat resistance, environmental insulation, rubber elastomer, and coolant resistance. Fasteners are used to secure the various components of the stack 1 together, ensuring the stability and sealing of the stack 1.

[0031] Furthermore, the fuel cell stack 1 also includes a cooling circulation path 11, etc., wherein the cooling circulation path 11 is used to cool the fuel cell stack 1. The specific type of the cooling circulation path 11 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto. For example, the cooling circulation path 11 is arranged in the bipolar plate and is a coolant channel in the bipolar plate. The inlet end and outlet end of the cooling circulation path 11 are respectively arranged on the end plate 12.

[0032] The distribution device is used to control the flow rate between the liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet of the distribution device according to the external temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 and the corresponding distribution ratio. This allows for precise adjustment of the temperature at the end plate 12 based on the flow rate of the cooling medium, thereby effectively mitigating the end effect. The specific type of distribution device can be set according to actual needs and is not limited in this regard.

[0033] The heat dissipation device 3 is used to dissipate heat from the cooling medium so that the released cooling medium can circulate and absorb heat from the inside of the fuel cell stack 1. The specific type of heat dissipation device 3 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto. For example, the heat dissipation device 3 can be a liquid cooling system, an air cooling system, or a cooling system of other modes.

[0034] The heating circulation passage 4 is used to heat the end plate 12 using the internal flowing cooling medium. The specific type of the heating circulation passage 4 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited thereto. For example, the heating circulation passage 4 can be a conduit arranged in the end plate 12. The heating circulation passage 4 can be arranged in a serpentine manner to increase the heat release area and time.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the distribution device includes: a three-way valve 2, the inlet end of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the outlet end of the cooling circulation passage 11, and the first outlet end of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the inlet end of the heat dissipation device 3, and the second outlet end of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the inlet end of the heating circulation passage 4.

[0036] It is understandable that, since the inlet end of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the outlet end of the cooling circulation passage 11, and the first outlet end of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the inlet end of the heat dissipation device 3, and the second outlet end of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the inlet end of the heating circulation passage 4, the cooling medium at the outlet end of the cooling circulation passage 11 can be divided into two parts by the three-way valve 2. One part of the cooling medium enters the heat dissipation device 3 from the first outlet end to release heat, and then circulates for cooling the fuel cell stack 1. The other part of the cooling medium enters the heating circulation passage 4 from the second outlet end to release heat, and then realizes the heating of the end plate 12.

[0037] It should be noted that the three-way valve 2 is used to distribute the ratio of cooling medium between the heat dissipation device 3 and the heating circulation passage 4. The specific type of the three-way valve 2 can be set according to actual needs, and there are no restrictions on it.

[0038] In some embodiments, the dispensing device further includes: a first temperature sensor and a first controller, wherein the detection end of the first temperature sensor is disposed outside the fuel cell stack 1 and the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature outside the fuel cell stack 1, the signal input end of the first controller is connected to the signal output end of the first temperature sensor, and the signal output end of the first controller is connected to the signal input end of the three-way valve 2.

[0039] It is understandable that, since the inlet end of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the outlet end of the cooling circulation passage 11, and the first outlet end of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the inlet end of the heat dissipation device 3, and the second outlet end of the three-way valve 2 is connected to the inlet end of the heating circulation passage 4, the cooling medium at the outlet end of the cooling circulation passage 11 can be divided into two parts by the three-way valve 2. One part of the cooling medium enters the heat dissipation device 3 from the first outlet end to release heat, and then circulates for cooling the fuel cell stack 1. The other part of the cooling medium enters the heating circulation passage 4 from the second outlet end to release heat, and then realizes the heating of the end plate 12.

[0040] Furthermore, since the detection end of the first temperature sensor is located outside the fuel cell stack 1, and the signal input end of the first controller is connected to the signal output end of the first temperature sensor, and the signal output end of the first controller is connected to the signal input end of the three-way valve 2, the first controller can control the opening degree between the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the three-way valve 2 according to the external temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the first temperature sensor and the corresponding temperature distribution ratio, thereby achieving precise control of the end plate 12 temperature and effectively mitigating the end effect of the fuel cell stack 1.

[0041] It should be noted that the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature outside the fuel cell stack 1. The specific type of the first temperature sensor can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it.

[0042] The first controller is used to control the opening degree between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the three-way valve 2 according to the external temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 and the corresponding temperature distribution ratio. The specific type of the first controller can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it.

[0043] In some embodiments, the dispensing device is configured to reduce the flow rate between the inlet end and the second outlet end of the dispensing device and increase the flow rate between the inlet end and the first outlet end of the dispensing device when the temperature outside the fuel cell stack 1 rises, and to increase the flow rate between the inlet end and the second outlet end of the dispensing device and decrease the flow rate between the inlet end and the first outlet end of the dispensing device when the temperature outside the fuel cell stack 1 falls.

[0044] It is understandable that when the temperature outside the fuel cell stack 1 rises, it indicates that the external ambient temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 is high, thereby reducing the flow rate between the liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet of the distribution device, thus reducing the amount of heat the cooling medium exerts on the end plate 12, while increasing the amount of heat dissipation of the cooling medium in the heat dissipation device 3; when the temperature outside the fuel cell stack 1 decreases, it indicates that the external ambient temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 is low, thereby increasing the flow rate between the liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet of the distribution device, thus increasing the amount of heat the cooling medium exerts on the end plate 12, while decreasing the amount of heat dissipation of the cooling medium in the heat dissipation device 3.

[0045] It should be noted that, in addition to adjusting the opening of the three-way valve 2, the three-way valve 2 also has other operating conditions. For example, when the ambient temperature is low, the passage between the inlet end and the second outlet end of the three-way valve 2 is fully open, and some high-temperature cooling medium flows into the end plate 12 of the fuel cell stack 1 to alleviate the end problem. The remaining high-temperature cooling medium is cooled by the heat dissipation device 3 and then returns to the interior of the fuel cell stack 1. When the ambient temperature is high, there is no obvious end effect, and the passage between the inlet end and the second outlet end of the three-way valve 2 is fully closed. All high-temperature cooling medium is cooled by the heat dissipation device 3 and then returns to the interior of the fuel cell stack 1 to maintain the stable operation of the fuel cell stack 1.

[0046] like Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the cooling circulation passage 11 is arranged along the thickness direction of the end plate 12, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the cooling circulation passage 11 extend out of the end plate 12 along the thickness direction of the end plate 12, respectively; the heating circulation passage 4 is arranged along the planar direction of the end plate 12, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the heating circulation passage 4 extend out of the end plate 12 along the planar direction of the end plate 12, respectively.

[0047] It is understandable that, since the cooling circulation passage 11 is arranged along the thickness direction of the end plate 12, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the cooling circulation passage 11 extend out of the end plate 12 along the thickness direction of the end plate 12, there is a large contact area between the cooling circulation passage 11 and the interior of the fuel cell stack 1, and a small contact area between the cooling circulation passage 11 and the end plate 12. Thus, the cooling circulation passage 11 can efficiently cool the interior of the fuel cell stack 1, while reducing the impact on the temperature of the end plate 12.

[0048] Since the heating circulation passage 4 is arranged along the plane of the end plate 12, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the heating circulation passage 4 extend out of the end plate 12 along the plane of the end plate 12, the heating circulation passage 4 and the end plate 12 have a large contact area, thereby effectively improving the heating efficiency of the heating circulation passage 4 on the end plate 12.

[0049] It should be noted that, typically, the fuel cell stack 1 has two end plates 12, and each end plate 12 is provided with a cooling circulation passage 11. The two cooling circulation passages 11 are connected in parallel, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the heating circulation passage 4 extend from one end plate 12 respectively.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the fuel cell stack 1 further includes: a hydrogen circulation passage 13 disposed inside, hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen circulation passage 13, and the hydrogen circulation passage 13 is arranged along the thickness direction of the end plate 12, with the inlet end and outlet end of the hydrogen circulation passage 13 extending onto the end plate 12 along the thickness direction of the end plate 12, respectively.

[0051] It is understandable that by using the hydrogen circulation path 13, hydrogen can be supplied to the fuel cell stack 1, thereby meeting the power generation needs of the fuel cell stack 1. At the same time, since the hydrogen circulation path 13 is arranged along the thickness direction of the end plate 12, and the inlet and outlet ends of the hydrogen circulation path 13 extend to the end plate 12 along the thickness direction of the end plate 12, the hydrogen circulation path 13 and the end plate 12 have a small contact area, thereby reducing the mutual influence between the hydrogen circulation path 13 and the end plate 12 and ensuring the stable operation of the fuel cell stack 1.

[0052] It should be noted that the specific type of hydrogen circulation passage 13 can be set according to actual needs and there is no restriction. For example, hydrogen enters the inlet end of hydrogen circulation passage 13. Specifically, hydrogen is distributed to the bipolar plates of each single cell through the main gas channel of the stack 1, and then evenly distributed to the electrodes through the bipolar plates for electrochemical reaction. The hydrogen after reaction or unreacted hydrogen is discharged from the outlet end of hydrogen circulation passage 13.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the fuel cell stack 1 further includes an internal air circulation passage 14, in which oxygen is introduced, and the air circulation passage 14 is arranged along the thickness direction of the end plate 12, with the air inlet and outlet of the air circulation passage 14 extending onto the end plate 12 along the thickness direction of the end plate 12, respectively.

[0054] It is understandable that by using the air circulation passage 14, air can be supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 to meet the power generation requirements of the fuel cell stack 1. At the same time, since the air circulation passage 14 is arranged along the thickness direction of the end plate 12, the air inlet and outlet of the air circulation passage 14 extend to the end plate 12 along the thickness direction of the end plate 12, so that there is a small contact area between the air circulation passage 14 and the end plate 12, thereby reducing the mutual influence between the air circulation passage 14 and the end plate 12 and ensuring the stable operation of the fuel cell stack 1.

[0055] It should be noted that the specific type of air circulation passage 14 can be set according to actual needs and there is no restriction. For example, air enters the air inlet of air circulation passage 14. Specifically, air enters the fuel cell stack 1 from the air inlet, and is distributed to the bipolar plates of each single cell through the main gas channel of fuel cell stack 1. Then, it is guided to the electrodes through the bipolar plates to carry out electrochemical reaction. The air after the reaction or the unreacted air is discharged from the air outlet of air circulation passage 14.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the fuel cell further includes a first booster pump 5, which is disposed between the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation device 3 and the liquid inlet of the cooling circulation passage 11, and the liquid inlet of the first booster pump 5 is connected to the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation device 3, and the liquid outlet of the first booster pump 5 is connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling circulation passage 11.

[0057] It is understandable that, since the inlet end of the first booster pump 5 is connected to the outlet end of the heat dissipation device 3, and the outlet end of the first booster pump 5 is connected to the inlet end of the cooling circulation passage 11, the cooling medium at the outlet end of the heat dissipation device 3 can be transported to the inlet end of the cooling circulation passage 11 under the boosting action of the first booster pump 5, thereby achieving efficient heat absorption of the cooling medium in the cooling circulation passage 11.

[0058] It should be noted that the first booster pump 5 is used to boost the delivery of the cooling medium between the outlet end of the heat dissipation device 3 and the inlet end of the cooling circulation passage 11. The specific type of the first booster pump 5 can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the fuel cell further includes a second booster pump 6, which is disposed between the liquid inlet end of the heating circulation passage 4 and the liquid outlet end of the distribution device, and the liquid inlet end of the second booster pump 6 is connected to the liquid outlet end of the distribution device, and the liquid outlet end of the second booster pump 6 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the heating circulation passage 4.

[0060] It is understandable that, since the inlet end of the second booster pump 6 is connected to the second outlet end of the distribution device, and the outlet end of the second booster pump 6 is connected to the inlet end of the heating circulation passage 4, the cooling medium at the second outlet end of the distribution device can be delivered to the inlet end of the heating circulation passage 4 under the boosting action of the second booster pump 6, thereby achieving efficient heat release of the cooling medium in the heating circulation passage 4.

[0061] It should be noted that the second booster pump 6 is used to boost the pressure of the cooling medium between the inlet end of the heating circulation passage 4 and the second outlet end of the distribution device. The specific type of the second booster pump 6 can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it.

[0062] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation device 3 includes: a radiator, wherein the inlet end of the heat dissipation passage of the radiator is connected to the first outlet end of the distribution device, and the outlet end of the heat dissipation passage of the radiator is connected to the inlet end of the cooling circulation passage 11, and the heat absorption passage of the radiator is circulated with a heat absorption medium.

[0063] It is understandable that, since the inlet end of the heat dissipation passage of the radiator is connected to the first outlet end of the distribution device, and the outlet end of the heat dissipation passage of the radiator is connected to the inlet end of the cooling circulation passage 11, the heat absorption passage of the radiator is circulated with heat absorption medium, so that when the cooling medium in the cooling circulation passage 11 passes through the heat dissipation passage of the radiator, it can release heat into the heat absorption medium of the heat absorption passage of the radiator, and when it returns to the cooling circulation passage 11, it can achieve circulating cooling inside the fuel cell stack 1.

[0064] It should be noted that radiators are used to dissipate heat from the cooling medium. Radiators have heat absorption and heat release pathways for direct or indirect heat exchange. The specific type of radiator can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it.

[0065] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation device 3 further includes: a flow regulating element, a second temperature sensor, and a second controller. The flow regulating element is disposed on the heat absorption path of the heat sink. The detection end of the second temperature sensor is disposed at the liquid inlet end of the cooling circulation path 11, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature at the liquid inlet end of the cooling circulation path 11. The signal input end of the second controller is connected to the signal output end of the second temperature sensor, and the signal output end of the second controller is connected to the signal input end of the flow regulating element.

[0066] It is understandable that, since the flow regulator is set on the heat absorption path of the radiator, and the detection end of the second temperature sensor is set on the liquid inlet of the cooling circulation path 11, the signal input end of the second controller is connected to the signal output end of the second temperature sensor, and the signal output end of the second controller is connected to the signal input end of the flow regulator, the second controller can control the flow regulator according to the temperature of the liquid inlet of the cooling circulation path 11 detected by the second temperature sensor, so as to adjust the flow rate of the heat absorption path in the radiator, thereby adjusting the heat release of the cooling medium in the heat release path of the radiator, and thus realizing the control of the internal cooling efficiency of the fuel cell stack 1.

[0067] It should be noted that the flow regulator is used to control the flow rate of the heat absorption medium in the heat absorption path of the radiator. The specific type of flow regulator can be set according to actual needs and there is no limitation. For example, the flow regulator can be a fan arranged on an air-cooled radiator or a booster pump arranged on a liquid-cooled radiator.

[0068] The second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature at the liquid inlet of the cooling circulation path 11. The specific type of the second temperature sensor can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it.

[0069] The second controller is used to control the flow rate regulator based on the temperature at the inlet of the cooling circulation path 11, so as to regulate the flow rate of the heat absorption path in the radiator. The specific type of the second controller can be set according to actual needs and there are no restrictions on it.

[0070] In the description of this disclosure, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0071] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function or process, and the scope of preferred embodiments of this disclosure includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the function involved, as will be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this disclosure pertain.

[0072] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0073] Although embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A fuel cell for mitigating end-effects, characterized in that, include: A fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack comprising: an internal cooling circulation path and an end plate disposed at an end, wherein a cooling medium flows through the cooling circulation path; A distribution device, wherein the liquid inlet of the distribution device is connected to the liquid outlet of the cooling circulation passage; A heat dissipation device, wherein the liquid inlet of the heat dissipation device is connected to the first liquid outlet of the distribution device, and the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation device is connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling circulation passage. A heating circulation path is provided inside the end plate, and the inlet end of the heating circulation path is connected to the second outlet end of the distribution device, and the outlet end of the heating circulation path is connected to the inlet end of the distribution device.

2. The fuel cell for mitigating end effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dispensing device includes: A three-way valve, wherein the inlet end of the three-way valve is connected to the outlet end of the cooling circulation passage, and the first outlet end of the three-way valve is connected to the inlet end of the heat dissipation device, and the second outlet end of the three-way valve is connected to the inlet end of the heating circulation passage.

3. The fuel cell for mitigating end effects according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dispensing device further includes: A first temperature sensor, wherein the detection end of the first temperature sensor is disposed outside the fuel cell stack, and the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature outside the fuel cell stack; A first controller, the signal input terminal of which is connected to the signal output terminal of the first temperature sensor, and the signal output terminal of the first controller is connected to the signal input terminal of the three-way valve.

4. The fuel cell for mitigating end effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling circulation path is arranged along the thickness direction of the end plate, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the cooling circulation path extend out of the end plate along the thickness direction of the end plate, respectively. The heating circulation path is arranged along the plane of the end plate, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the heating circulation path extend out of the end plate along the plane of the end plate.

5. The fuel cell for mitigating end effects according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fuel cell stack also includes: An internal hydrogen circulation passage is provided, through which hydrogen is introduced, and the hydrogen circulation passage is arranged along the thickness direction of the end plate. The inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation passage extend onto the end plate along the thickness direction of the end plate, respectively.

6. The fuel cell for mitigating end effects according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fuel cell stack also includes: An internal air circulation passage is provided, through which oxygen is introduced, and the air circulation passage is arranged along the thickness direction of the end plate, with the air inlet and air outlet of the air circulation passage extending onto the end plate along the thickness direction of the end plate, respectively.

7. The fuel cell for mitigating end effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell also includes: A first booster pump is disposed between the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation device and the liquid inlet of the cooling circulation passage, and the liquid inlet of the first booster pump is connected to the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation device, and the liquid outlet of the first booster pump is connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling circulation passage.

8. The fuel cell for mitigating end effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell also includes: The second booster pump is disposed between the liquid inlet end of the heating circulation passage and the second liquid outlet end of the distribution device, and the liquid inlet end of the second booster pump is connected to the second liquid outlet end of the distribution device, and the liquid outlet end of the second booster pump is connected to the liquid inlet end of the heating circulation passage.

9. The fuel cell for mitigating end effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation device includes: The radiator has its heat dissipation passage inlet end connected to the first liquid outlet end of the distribution device, and its heat dissipation passage outlet end connected to the liquid inlet end of the cooling circulation passage. The heat absorption passage of the radiator is circulated with a heat absorption medium.

10. The fuel cell for mitigating end effects according to claim 9, characterized in that, The heat dissipation device also includes: A flow regulating component is disposed on the heat absorption passage of the radiator; The second temperature sensor has its detection end located at the liquid inlet of the cooling circulation path, and is used to detect the temperature at the liquid inlet of the cooling circulation path. The second controller has its signal input terminal connected to the signal output terminal of the second temperature sensor, and its signal output terminal connected to the signal input terminal of the flow regulator.

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