Distribution box and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a distribution box and an energy storage system. The power distribution box comprises a power distribution box body, the power distribution box body comprises a plurality of controllable load loops, at least one controllable load loop comprises a change-over switch and a plurality of access loops, the change-over switch is used for being communicated with one of the access loops, each access loop comprises a plurality of discharge loops, and each discharge loop corresponds to the type of an electric automobile. And under the condition that the discharge loop is connected, the electric energy of the electric vehicle supplies power to at least one controllable load loop. According to the distribution box provided by the invention, through the arrangement of the distribution box body, a user can connect the corresponding discharge loop through the change-over switch according to the vehicle type of the electric vehicle so as to adapt to the discharge requirements of different vehicle types, so that the distribution box body distributes the electric energy of the electric vehicle to the electric equipment for use, and the application range of the distribution box is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power electronics technology, and in particular to a distribution box and energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles and the maturity of technology, more and more electric vehicles are equipped with vehicle-to-everything (V2L) functionality. This allows electric vehicles to invert the energy in their batteries and connect to external electrical devices via a socket or adapter, thus providing power to these devices. This is suitable for camping, outdoor activities, and emergency power needs. However, the V2L function can only discharge to power strips, not to the household power grid, and its power output is limited by the design of the power strip. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, this application provides a distribution box.

[0004] The distribution box of this application includes:

[0005] The distribution box includes multiple controllable load circuits. At least one of the controllable load circuits includes a switching switch and multiple access circuits. The switching switch is used to connect one of the multiple access circuits. The access circuit includes multiple discharge circuits. Each discharge circuit corresponds to a model of an electric vehicle. When the discharge circuit is connected, the electric vehicle's electrical energy supplies power to at least one of the controllable load circuits.

[0006] In some embodiments, each of the discharge circuits is provided with a handshake resistor, and the resistance values ​​of the handshake resistors in the plurality of discharge circuits are different.

[0007] In some embodiments, the access circuit further includes a charging circuit, wherein, when connected, electrical energy is configured to flow from the distribution box to the electric vehicle.

[0008] In some embodiments, the charging circuit includes a handshake resistor.

[0009] In some embodiments, the distribution box further includes:

[0010] The charging / discharging gun head is electrically connected to the power distribution box. The charging / discharging gun head is used to connect the electric vehicle. When the discharge circuit is connected, the electrical energy of the electric vehicle flows to the power distribution box through the charging / discharging gun head.

[0011] In some embodiments, the charging / discharging gun head further includes a power line connected to at least one of the controllable load circuits, wherein, when the discharge circuit is connected, the electrical energy of the electric vehicle flows to the controllable load circuit via the power line.

[0012] In some embodiments, the charging / discharging gun head includes a signal line, and the charging / discharging gun head is communicatively connected to the power distribution box via the signal line, and the access circuit includes at least a portion of the signal line.

[0013] In some embodiments, the switching switch includes multiple positions, each access circuit is configured with one of the positions, and at least one of the positions is a closed position.

[0014] In some implementations, it also includes:

[0015] A control unit is located in the controllable load circuit. The control unit is used to connect to a remote operation terminal. When the switch is in the off position, the control unit responds to the control command of the remote operation terminal and connects to one of the multiple access circuits.

[0016] In some implementations, when the switch is in the off position and the distribution box is in an off-grid state, the control unit responds to the control command of the remote operating terminal and connects the discharge circuit in the access circuit corresponding to the control command.

[0017] In some embodiments, the energy storage system includes:

[0018] Energy storage batteries;

[0019] The power distribution box described in the above embodiment is electrically connected to the energy storage battery, and the power distribution box is used to monitor and distribute the power of the energy storage battery.

[0020] In the distribution box and energy storage system of this application, multiple controllable load circuits divide the load of the distribution box into circuits, facilitating individual control and management of different loads and improving the flexibility of the distribution box in load management. This allows it to better adapt to complex power demand. Each controllable load circuit includes a switching switch and multiple access circuits. The access circuits include multiple discharge circuits, each corresponding to a specific electric vehicle model. When a power outage occurs in a home or other location, the user can manually operate or remotely control the switching switch to select the appropriate discharge circuit to connect, thus adapting to the discharge requirements of different vehicle models. In this way, the electric vehicle's electrical energy can be supplied to the distribution box, which then powers the household appliances, improving power supply security.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a distribution box according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a rotary switch according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the AC charging mode control and guidance principle according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a vehicle discharge mode according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the integrated charge / discharge gun head and its wiring in the related technology is shown;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a distribution box with an access circuit provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0029] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the charge / discharge control logic flow according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0030] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a distribution box connected to other equipment according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0031] Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing a control unit connected to multiple access loops according to an embodiment of this application is illustrated.

[0032] Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing a control unit connected to a grid-connected / off-grid state adjustment device according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0033] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a rotary switch according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0034] Figure 12A circuit topology diagram of multiple access loops according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0035] Figure 13 A schematic flowchart of a charge / discharge control method according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0036] The correspondence between the reference numerals and the component names is as follows:

[0037] 100: Distribution box; 102: Load metering board; 1042: Switch; 105: Connection circuit; 1052: Charging circuit; 1054: Discharging circuit; 106: Charge / discharge gun; 1062: Signal line; 1064: Power line; 108: Control board; 110: Rotary switch; 1102: Off position; 112: Control unit; 114: Return device; 116: On / off grid status adjustment device; 118: Handshake resistor. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0039] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown in the figure, this application proposes a distribution box 100, including a distribution box body 102, a charging / discharging gun head 106, and a control board 108. Multiple controllable load circuits primarily divide the loads of the distribution box into circuits, facilitating individual control and management of different loads. For example, loads of different power and importance (such as lighting circuits, high-power appliance circuits, etc.) can be differentiated to rationally allocate power resources under different charging / discharging scenarios.

[0041] This improves the flexibility of the distribution box in load management, enabling it to better adapt to complex power demands. For example, when an electric vehicle is discharging, it can prioritize power supply to critical loads.

[0042] like Figure 6As shown, by limiting at least one controllable load circuit to include a switching switch 1042 and multiple access circuits 105, and by setting different resistance values ​​for the handshake resistors 118 in the access circuits 105, since different vehicle models have different requirements for the resistance value in the circuit during charging and discharging, by limiting the access circuits to include charging circuits and discharging circuits, and by specifying that the handshake resistor 118 of the discharging circuit is related to the vehicle model, the user can manually operate the switching switch 1042 or remotely control the switching switch 1042 to select the appropriate access circuit 105 for connection according to the vehicle model and charging and discharging requirements, thereby adapting to the charging and discharging requirements of different vehicle models.

[0043] The selection of different resistance values ​​for the access circuit 105 is to match the charging and discharging systems of different vehicle models. For example, the charging and discharging control systems of different vehicle models may determine charging or discharging parameters (such as current magnitude, power, etc.) by detecting the resistance value in the circuit. By providing a variety of resistance value options, it can be ensured that the distribution box 100 is compatible with the charging and discharging operations of multiple vehicle models. It can be understood that during charging, the handshake resistance 118 is the same for different electric vehicle models, but during discharging, the handshake resistance 118 will be different depending on the vehicle model. By integrating and transferring the resistor originally located on the charging gun or discharging gun to the inside of the distribution box, the versatility of the distribution box 100 is greatly improved, enabling it to be compatible with multiple electric vehicle models and expanding the product's application range.

[0044] In practical applications, users can easily switch between different car models without complicated circuit modifications or additional equipment, thus improving the user experience.

[0045] The charging / discharging gun head 106 is communicatively connected to the power distribution box 102 via a signal line 1062, enabling information exchange between the charging / discharging gun head 106 and the power distribution box 102. For example, the charging / discharging gun head 106 can transmit the electric vehicle's status information (such as battery level, charging / discharging capacity, etc.) to the power distribution box 102, and can also receive control commands (such as start charging, stop discharging, etc.) from the power distribution box 102.

[0046] By restricting the connection between the power line 1064 and the controllable load circuit, a power transmission channel is established between the electric vehicle and the distribution box. During charging, power from the grid can be transmitted to the electric vehicle's battery through the controllable load circuit of the distribution box and the charging / discharging gun 106; during discharging, the electric vehicle's battery power can supply power to household loads through the charging / discharging gun 106 and the controllable load circuit, realizing bidirectional communication and power transmission between the electric vehicle and the household distribution box, and providing the hardware foundation for intelligent charging and discharging functions.

[0047] Furthermore, the control board 108 is electrically connected to the distribution box 102. The control board 108 can acquire various information from the distribution box 102, such as the current and voltage parameters of each load circuit, and can also send control commands to the distribution box 102. This allows the control board 108 to comprehensively monitor and manage the load status of the entire distribution box. It achieves centralized control and management of the distribution box load, improving the system's intelligence level. For example, when charging an electric vehicle, the control board 108 can adjust the charging power reasonably based on the information fed back from the distribution box 102 to avoid affecting other household loads; during discharge, it can control the discharge power according to load demand to ensure a stable power supply.

[0048] The control board 108 can monitor the working status of the charging and discharging gun head 106 in real time, including connection status (whether it is correctly connected to the electric vehicle), charging and discharging current, voltage and other parameters.

[0049] For example, if an abnormality is detected in the connection of the charging / discharging gun head 106 (such as looseness or short circuit), an alarm can be issued promptly and corresponding measures can be taken (such as stopping the charging / discharging operation). This improves the safety and reliability of the system, enabling timely detection and handling of various problems during the charging / discharging process, and protecting the safety of electric vehicles and home electrical distribution box equipment.

[0050] The control board 108 can also control the charging / discharging gun 106 to charge or discharge the electric vehicle. Based on user settings, the electric vehicle's status, and the household load requirements, the control board 108 can send commands to the charging / discharging gun 106 to switch between charging and discharging functions. For example, when the mains power is sufficient and the electric vehicle's battery charge is low, the control board 108 can control the charging / discharging gun 106 to charge the electric vehicle; when there is a power outage and the electric vehicle's battery charge is sufficient, the control board 108 can control the charging / discharging gun 106 to discharge the electric vehicle to the household load.

[0051] In one embodiment, the selector switch 1042 may be a multi-position rotary switch 110. As a physical switch, the rotary switch 110 allows users to easily switch to the corresponding position by rotating the knob, based on the electric vehicle model and specific charging / discharging needs. This design is similar to a radio tuning knob; different positions correspond to different functions or settings, which in this case correspond to different resistance values ​​in the input circuit 105. It is understood that compared to other complex switching methods, the rotary switch 110 is simple to operate and requires no special tools or expertise. Users can quickly switch between different positions, improving operational efficiency, especially when frequently switching charging / discharging modes or changing to different vehicle models for charging / discharging; this convenience is even more pronounced.

[0052] It should be added that, since each access circuit 105 is configured to correspond to a specific speed setting, this one-to-one correspondence ensures that when a user selects a specific speed setting, the corresponding resistance value of the access circuit 105 can be accurately connected to the circuit. This is to meet the precise resistance value requirements of different vehicle models during charging and discharging. For example, a certain vehicle model requires a specific resistance value to determine the charging current and power during charging. By associating the access circuit 105 corresponding to that vehicle model with a specific speed setting, the user only needs to rotate the knob to that setting to achieve precise circuit matching and ensure the normal operation of the charging process.

[0053] In addition, such as Figure 2 As shown, by setting at least one position to the off position 1102, a safety protection mechanism is provided for the system under the action of the off position 1102. When the distribution box does not need to perform charging and discharging operations, or when equipment maintenance or fault diagnosis is being carried out, the rotary switch 110 can be switched to the off position 1102. In the off position 1102, all connected circuits 105 are disconnected from the circuit, avoiding accidental charging and discharging due to misoperation or circuit failure, and ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0054] In one embodiment, alternatively, such as Figure 9 As shown, by setting up a control unit 112 and placing it in the controllable load circuit, it can directly operate each connected circuit 105 in that circuit. Since the main function of the control unit 112 is to connect to the remote operation terminal, it gives the user the ability to remotely control the distribution box 100. Users can operate the distribution box from a location far away using remote operation terminals such as mobile phones or computers (e.g., dedicated smart home apps or web-based control interfaces). For example, when a user is not at home but needs to adjust the charging and discharging mode according to the electric vehicle's battery level or household electricity needs, they can perform the corresponding operation, greatly improving the user experience of the distribution box 100. Users can control the distribution box anytime, anywhere according to their actual needs, without being restricted by geographical location.

[0055] When the changeover switch 1042 is in the off position 1102, the control unit 112 responds to the control command from the remote operation terminal and connects one of the multiple access circuits 105. This scheme retains the convenience of local manual operation (via the rotary switch 110) while increasing the flexibility of remote control. While local manual operation is restricted when the changeover switch 1042 is in the off position 1102, the remote operation terminal can still control the distribution box via the control unit 112. For example, in the event of a local emergency (such as a fire or electrical leakage) that makes manual operation unsafe, the distribution box can be controlled remotely. Alternatively, if the user forgets to place the rotary switch 110 in the correct position, it can be corrected remotely.

[0056] While ensuring safety (local manual operation is ineffective when switch 1102 is off, avoiding the risk of misoperation), this design provides users with more control options. This allows the distribution box 100 to better adapt to various complex usage scenarios, meeting users' safety needs without sacrificing the flexibility of remote control.

[0057] In one embodiment, optionally, the access circuit 105 is mainly divided into a charging circuit 1052 and a discharging circuit 1054, enabling the distribution box 100 to clearly perform two different functions. The charging circuit 1052 is mainly used to transmit electrical energy from an external power source (such as the power grid) to the electric vehicle to replenish the battery power of the electric vehicle; the discharging circuit 1054 is used to transmit the battery power of the electric vehicle to household loads or other electrical equipment, realizing the function of the electric vehicle supplying power to external devices.

[0058] In different usage scenarios, users have different needs for charging and discharging. For example, when the grid power is sufficient and the electric vehicle's battery is low, charging circuit 1052 is needed for charging; while when there is a power outage at home and the electric vehicle has a sufficient battery, discharging circuit 1054 is needed to supply power to the household load. By distinguishing between charging circuit 1052 and discharging circuit 1054, the distribution box 100 can better meet these diverse needs.

[0059] By designing circuits to suit the different characteristics of charging and discharging, the transmission and conversion of electrical energy can be optimized, reducing energy loss and improving energy utilization efficiency. For example, the charging circuit 1052 can adopt appropriate charging strategies (such as constant current charging, constant voltage charging, etc.) according to the charging needs of electric vehicles, while the discharging circuit 1054 can adjust the discharging power according to the characteristics of household loads, thereby achieving efficient energy utilization.

[0060] When the switch 1042 is in the off position 1102 and the distribution box 100 is in an off-grid state, the control unit 112 responds to the control command of the remote operation terminal and connects the charging circuit 1052 or the discharging circuit 1054 in the access circuit 105 corresponding to the control command. When the distribution box 100 is in an off-grid state (e.g., a power outage due to a household power grid failure), the locally manually operated switch 1042 is in the off position 1102. In this case, the distribution box can still be controlled through the remote operation terminal, and the charging circuit 1052 or the discharging circuit 1054 can be connected.

[0061] For example, if an electric vehicle needs emergency charging (there may be a backup power source available for charging), or if it needs to power critical household loads (such as refrigerators, emergency lighting, etc.), this can be achieved through remote operation.

[0062] With the changeover switch 1042 in the off position 1102, local manual operation is prohibited as a safety measure to prevent accidental local operation. However, allowing remote control in this situation ensures both safety and operational flexibility in special circumstances. This design embodies the synergy between safety and remote control functions, enabling effective control of the distribution box 100 in various states.

[0063] In emergency situations such as off-grid situations, users can remotely operate the charging or discharging function to provide emergency power support for the family or ensure the charging needs of electric vehicles, thereby improving the emergency power security capability of the household.

[0064] In one embodiment, alternatively, such as Figure 11 As shown, by setting a return device 114 electrically connected to the control unit 112, the return device 114 can receive command signals from the control unit 112 to ensure that under specific circumstances (such as system failure, abnormal operation, or after the completion of charging and discharging operation), the rotary switch 110 can automatically switch to the off position 1102 to cut off the circuit connection, thereby avoiding potential safety risks such as leakage and overload.

[0065] Specifically, in response to a control command, the control unit 112 controls the return device 114 to move so that the rotary switch 110 switches to the off position 1102. The control unit 112 controls the operation of the return device 114 according to the received control command (such as a command from a remote operation terminal or a preset command inside the system).

[0066] In one embodiment, optionally, a charging circuit 1052 is provided for the charging function of electric vehicles to ensure that electrical energy can be efficiently transferred from an external power source (such as the power grid) to the battery of the electric vehicle. Different electric vehicles may have different charging requirements (such as charging power, charging voltage, etc.), and the existence of the charging circuit 1052 provides the infrastructure to meet these diverse needs.

[0067] like Figure 6 As shown, the power line 1064 of the charging / discharging gun head 106 serves as the physical medium for power transmission, connecting the distribution box 100 and the electric vehicle. It connects the charging circuit 1052 in the distribution box to the charging interface of the electric vehicle, ensuring smooth power flow between the two. Since different brands and models of electric vehicles may have different charging interface standards, the design of the power line 1064 of the charging / discharging gun head 106 needs to have a certain degree of universality to adapt to various vehicle models.

[0068] In one embodiment, the access circuit 105 may optionally include one or more discharge circuits 1054, enabling the electric vehicle not only to act as a consumer of electrical energy but also, under certain circumstances, as a provider of electrical energy, thus expanding the application scenarios of the electric vehicle and improving its energy utilization value. When the power grid is interrupted, the electric energy of the electric vehicle can supply power to the controllable load circuit through the discharge circuit 1054, ensuring basic power needs are met.

[0069] When a household or other place faces a power outage, the connected discharge circuit 1054 can direct the electric energy of the electric vehicle to the controllable load circuit, providing power support for important loads such as lighting, communication equipment, and small household appliances, ensuring the normal operation of basic life and work during the power outage.

[0070] In one embodiment, alternatively, such as Figure 10 As shown, the grid connection and disconnection status adjustment device 116 is installed on the control board 108, so that the control board 108 can acquire and process various information related to the grid connection and disconnection status, such as grid connection status, household load demand, electric vehicle charging and discharging status, etc.

[0071] Because of their proximity to other circuit components on the control board 108, the relevant control signals can be transmitted and processed more efficiently during grid-connected / off-grid state adjustment. For example, when it is necessary to switch from grid-connected to off-grid state, the control board 108 can quickly transmit instructions to the grid-connected / off-grid state adjustment device 116, while the grid-connected / off-grid state adjustment device 116 can also promptly feed back its own status information to the control board 108 so that the control board 108 can make further decisions.

[0072] In grid-connected mode, the distribution box 100 can interact with the external power grid to perform normal functions such as charging and supplying power to household loads. For example, when the grid has sufficient power, the distribution box 100 can transmit grid power to charge electric vehicles while simultaneously supplying power to household loads. In off-grid mode, the distribution box 100 can operate independently, primarily relying on the discharge of electric vehicles to provide power to household loads. This functionality allows the distribution box 100 to adapt to different grid environments, ensuring the household's electricity needs are met whether the grid is operating normally or experiencing a fault (such as a power outage).

[0073] By controlling the on-grid and off-grid status, the distribution box 100 can select the optimal operating mode based on the grid's electricity pricing policy, power supply stability, and the actual situation of household loads and electric vehicles. For example, when there is a large difference between peak and off-grid electricity prices, the distribution box can be set to grid-connected charging mode during off-peak hours to charge electric vehicles and reduce electricity costs; when the grid experiences a power outage, it can switch to off-grid mode to use the electric power of electric vehicles to supply power to household loads, achieving rational use of energy.

[0074] After the distribution box 100 is in an off-grid state, the external power grid cannot provide power support. At this time, connecting a discharge circuit 1054 can immediately start the electric vehicle's power supply function for household loads, ensuring that important loads in the household (such as lighting, refrigerators, etc.) continue to receive power supply during power grid outages, maintaining the basic living needs of the household.

[0075] In one embodiment, optionally, by setting up a control unit 112 and electrically connecting it to multiple access circuits 105, the control unit 112 can directly obtain the electrical parameters and status information of each access circuit 105. This allows the control unit 112 to determine the connectivity status of each access circuit 105 in real time and accurately, including whether it is in a conducting or disconnected state. The control unit 112 can individually control the on / off state of each access circuit 105 according to actual needs, thereby achieving precise control of the overall function of the distribution box 100.

[0076] The control unit 112 continuously monitors the connectivity status of each access loop 105. By understanding the connectivity status of each access loop 105, the system can determine whether the current circuit configuration meets the expected operating mode (such as charging mode or discharging mode).

[0077] When the connectivity of a certain access loop 105 becomes abnormal (such as unexpected disconnection or short circuit), the control unit 112 can detect it in a timely manner and issue a corresponding fault signal. This helps to promptly identify and resolve potential circuit problems, improving the reliability and stability of the system.

[0078] When the distribution box 100 is off-grid and all access circuits 105 are originally disconnected, the system is in a standby state with no power output. At this time, if the user issues a discharge switching command via the rotary switch 110, the control unit 112 will respond to this command and connect the discharge circuit 1054 corresponding to the command in the access circuits 105. In this way, the electric vehicle's electrical energy can be output through the discharge circuit 1054 to provide emergency power support for household loads.

[0079] The rotary switch 110 provides users with an intuitive and convenient manual operation method. In this special situation, users can decide whether to activate the discharge function and select a specific discharge circuit 1054 according to actual needs. This flexibility of manual operation allows users to quickly and directly control the discharge operation of the distribution box 100 in some emergency situations (such as a sudden power outage and the need to immediately start emergency power supply).

[0080] In one embodiment, optionally, the control unit 112 determines the connectivity of each access circuit 105 by detecting signals such as current and voltage in the access circuit 105. If current flows through, the circuit is in a connected state; conversely, if no current flows through, the circuit is in a disconnected state. Based on the connectivity of the access circuit 105, the system can then rationally adjust the charging and discharging strategy to improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0081] When all access circuits 105 are disconnected, no charging or discharging operation is currently in progress. At this time, the user can issue a charging switch command via rotary switch 110. Upon receiving this command, control unit 112 will connect the charging circuit 1052 in access circuits 105 to begin charging the electric vehicle.

[0082] When an electric vehicle's battery is too low and it needs emergency charging, even if all previously connected circuits 105 are disconnected, the user can quickly start the charging process using the rotary switch 110.

[0083] This application also provides a charging and discharging control method for any of the above-mentioned distribution boxes. The switching switch of the distribution box includes a rotary switch with multiple positions, each access circuit corresponding to one position, and at least one position is the off position. Figure 13 As shown, the charging and discharging control method includes: step S102: when the distribution box and the electric vehicle are connected through the charging and discharging gun head, a charging and discharging command is obtained; step S104: one of the multiple access circuits is connected according to the charging and discharging command.

[0084] When the electrical distribution box and the electric vehicle are connected via a charging / discharging gun, receiving charging / discharging commands ensures a physical connection is established between the distribution box and the electric vehicle (via the charging / discharging gun), which is a prerequisite for charging / discharging operations. Based on this, the electrical distribution box receives the charging / discharging commands, which may include charging, discharging, and specific charging or discharging parameters (such as charging current, discharging power, etc.). By receiving these commands, the distribution box understands the electric vehicle's needs and performs corresponding operations.

[0085] Based on the received charging and discharging commands, a matching circuit is selected from multiple access circuits for connection. Since each access circuit has a different resistance value to accommodate different charging and discharging requirements, the distribution box can provide the electric vehicle with the necessary charging current or discharging power by selecting the appropriate access circuit, ensuring the safe and efficient charging and discharging process. This achieves precise control over the charging and discharging process of electric vehicles, allowing for flexible adjustment of the access circuit according to different vehicle models and charging / discharging needs, thereby improving charging and discharging efficiency and quality.

[0086] This avoids charging and discharging problems caused by mismatched access circuits, such as slow charging speed and unstable discharge, thus extending the service life of electric vehicle batteries and improving the versatility and adaptability of the distribution box.

[0087] By accurately acquiring charging and discharging commands and selecting appropriate access circuits based on these commands, the charging and discharging process can be optimized, improving energy transmission efficiency and reducing energy loss.

[0088] This method can adapt to the charging and discharging needs of various vehicle models. By flexibly selecting the access circuit, the power distribution box can work well with various electric vehicles, improving the system's compatibility and versatility.

[0089] Furthermore, obtaining charging and discharging commands specifically includes: obtaining manual charging and discharging commands; and connecting one of the multiple access circuits according to the charging and discharging commands, specifically including: when the connection state of each access circuit is disconnected, in response to the charging and discharging switching command of the rotary switch, connecting the charging circuit or the discharging circuit in the access circuit.

[0090] By acquiring manual charging and discharging commands from the electric vehicle, users can directly issue these commands from the vehicle itself, demonstrating active user control over the charging and discharging process. This method of acquiring manual commands allows users to flexibly decide on the charging or discharging operation of the electric vehicle according to their actual needs and usage scenarios.

[0091] Different users may have different electricity needs and schedules. By using manual charge / discharge commands, users can choose the appropriate time to charge or discharge based on their specific circumstances, such as the remaining battery power of their electric vehicle and their travel plans, thus better meeting their individual needs.

[0092] When the connection state of each access circuit is disconnected, in response to the charge / discharge switching command of the rotary switch, the charging circuit or discharging circuit in the access circuit is connected.

[0093] Before switching charging and discharging circuits, ensure that the connection status of each access circuit is disconnected. This can prevent current short circuits or other safety issues during the switching process and improve the safety of charging and discharging operations.

[0094] Responding to the charge / discharge switching command of the rotary switch, it can accurately select and connect the charging or discharging circuit in the input circuit. The rotary switch design allows users to operate intuitively, selecting the charging or discharging mode according to actual needs, improving the accuracy and convenience of operation.

[0095] By disconnecting all connected circuits before circuit switching, safety hazards caused by misoperation or circuit failure are effectively reduced, thus protecting the safety of users' lives and property.

[0096] Furthermore, acquiring charging and discharging commands specifically includes: acquiring remote charging and discharging commands; connecting one of multiple access circuits according to the charging and discharging commands, specifically including: when the switch is in the off position, the control unit responds to the control command of the remote operation terminal, and connects the charging circuit or discharging circuit corresponding to the control command among the multiple access circuits.

[0097] Receiving remote charging and discharging commands allows users to control the charging and discharging process remotely, even from the electrical distribution box and the electric vehicle. This provides users with great convenience. For example, when users are not at home but need to control charging and discharging based on the electric vehicle's battery level or household electricity needs, they can send charging and discharging commands through a remote control terminal (such as a mobile app). Users can operate the charging and discharging process without being physically present, greatly improving ease of use and enhancing user satisfaction with the entire intelligent charging and discharging system.

[0098] When the switch is in the off position, the control unit responds to the control command from the remote operating terminal and connects the charging or discharging circuits among the multiple access circuits. When the switch is in the off position, local manual operation is restricted. At this time, the connection of the charging and discharging circuits can be controlled through the remote operating terminal, which ensures the safety of local operation (avoiding accidental operation) and provides the flexibility of remote control.

[0099] In certain special circumstances, such as when a local emergency occurs (e.g., fire, electrical leakage) making manual operation unsafe, or when the user forgets to set the knob switch to the correct position, remote operation can still ensure that the charging and discharging needs of electric vehicles are met, thus guaranteeing household electricity or electric vehicle charging needs.

[0100] Furthermore, when the charging / discharging command is a discharging command, before connecting one of the multiple access circuits according to the charging / discharging command, it also includes: controlling the distribution box to be in an off-grid state.

[0101] Keeping the distribution box off-grid avoids impacting the power grid during discharge and prevents grid anomalies from interfering with the discharge operation, thus ensuring the safety and stability of the discharge process. In off-grid mode, the distribution box can rely entirely on the electric vehicle's power to supply household loads or other equipment, enabling the electric vehicle to function as an independent power source and meeting emergency power needs in case of power outages or other special circumstances.

[0102] It is understandable that off-grid status helps to better control the discharge process. For example, parameters such as discharge power, voltage, and current can be adjusted more precisely to adapt to different load requirements and improve discharge efficiency and energy utilization.

[0103] Furthermore, when the charging / discharging command is a discharging command, after connecting one of the multiple access circuits according to the charging / discharging command, the method further includes: acquiring the discharging command issued by the electric vehicle; and controlling the electric vehicle to supply power to at least one controllable load circuit according to the discharging command.

[0104] In the discharge state, by acquiring the discharge command issued by the electric vehicle, which contains various key information about the discharge, such as discharge power and discharge duration, the distribution box can accurately control the discharge process according to the actual capabilities of the electric vehicle and the needs of the user.

[0105] Different electric vehicles may have different discharge characteristics and limitations. By acquiring the discharge commands issued by the electric vehicle, the distribution box can better adapt to the specific situation of the electric vehicle and achieve collaborative work between the two.

[0106] The distribution box can control the electric vehicle to supply power to at least one controllable load circuit according to the discharge command. This allows for precise control of the electric vehicle's power supply to specific controllable load circuits. This facilitates power distribution in homes or other power consumption scenarios, prioritizing power according to user needs and load priorities. For example, power can be prioritized for critical loads (such as refrigerators and emergency lighting) to ensure the normal operation of critical equipment during power outages.

[0107] In one specific embodiment, the principle of an AC charging station is to control the on-board computer (OBC) to charge the electric vehicle, thereby enabling the power grid to discharge to the electric vehicle. Currently, a new type of AC discharge device (V2L) has emerged on the market, which can enable the electric vehicle to discharge to the load. The principle is based on a device that converts the charging cable to a power strip, allowing the car to identify the discharge demand on the charging cable, and thus continuously output power to the power strip through the car's OBC.

[0108] However, V2L devices have several drawbacks. One is that they can only discharge to power strips and cannot discharge to the household power grid. Another is that they are limited by the design of the power strip, resulting in relatively low power output, typically only 3.6kW. This solution integrates AC charging piles and AC discharge equipment, with different speed settings on the charging piles to be compatible with different vehicle models. It also integrates a household distribution box, allowing electric vehicles to directly supply power to the household distribution box. This enables continuous power supply to indoor electrical equipment via electric vehicles during household power outages.

[0109] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3The diagram illustrates the control principle for AC charging station mode. When the voltage at detection point 4 of the charging station is 0V, it indicates that the power supply interface CC is properly connected. The electric vehicle determines whether the plug is fully connected to the vehicle by detecting the resistance value between detection point 3 and PE. Subsequently, the voltage at detection point 1 of the charging station is Vcc×(R3 / (R1+R3)), indicating that the power supply interface CP is properly connected. The charging station then initiates the charging signal, and S1 switches from +12V to PWM signal. When the car receives the start charging signal, it closes S2. The charging station detects that the PWM peak voltage is V2=Vcc×((R2 / / R3) / (R1+(R2 / / R3))), and then closes K1 and K2 to start charging.

[0110] Detection point 3 determines whether the CC signal is connected by detecting the connection circuit (grounding). If grounding is detected, the CC signal is considered to be connected. Different resistance values ​​correspond to different charging (discharging) current values. The CC signal is used to determine the allowable charging current of the charging / discharging gun cable specification.

[0111] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge guidance principle for automotive discharge mode. The vehicle control circuit determines whether the vehicle plug and socket are fully connected by measuring the resistance value between detection point 3' and PE. After full connection, it determines whether to enter the discharge state by measuring the voltage at detection point 2'. After detection point 2' is less than 1V and the operator sets the V2L discharge mode, switch S4 switches to the discharge control circuit. Then K1 and K2 are closed to enter the discharge mode. The vehicle control device confirms the rated capacity of the current conductive connection component (cable) by measuring the resistance value between detection point 3' and PE.

[0112] Electric vehicles determine whether they are in charging or discharging mode and the rated charging / discharging capacity by detecting the resistance between the CC signal and PE at detection point 3. Different vehicle models require different charging / discharging resistors. The table below shows the charging / discharging conditions for different vehicle models with different Rc resistance values:

[0113] Charging and discharging conditions of different vehicle models Rc resistance value 7-12KW charging 150Ω Hyundai car discharge 75Ω BYD discharge 2KΩ Other models 3.3KΩ

[0114] In traditional solutions, the Rc resistor (i.e., the handshake resistor) is integrated into the charging / discharging gun head wires. Its specific principle is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0115] To accommodate the switching between charging and discharging for electric vehicles and the charging and discharging modes of various models, the Rc (handshake resistor) integrated into the AC charging port has been moved to the distribution box. Different resistors listed in the table above are connected in parallel within the distribution box. Users can then manually switch the Rc resistor according to their vehicle model and different charging and discharging requirements. A detailed diagram is shown below. Figure 6As shown, Rc is embedded inside the distribution box, and the four resistors with different resistance values ​​(150Ω, 75Ω, 2KΩ, 3.3KΩ) in the table above are connected in parallel. A manual switch is used to connect one of these resistors to the circuit. Users can switch the resistor connected to the circuit in the distribution box in real time according to the vehicle model and charging / discharging requirements to meet the needs of the electric vehicle. The above functions are specifically achieved through... Figure 12 The implementation of the schematic diagram, Figure 12 The diagram shows the specific circuit topology of the charging circuit and multiple discharging circuits.

[0116] like Figure 7 As shown, a control logic is proposed, including: Step S202: Confirm usage requirements; Step S204: Determine whether to charge or discharge; Step S2062: Determine that the power distribution box charges the electric vehicle; Step S2082: In the case of manual switch control, execute Step S2102: Confirm that the four control pins of the MCU are set to low level; Step S2122: Connect the AC charging cable to the electric vehicle, manually switch the switch to the charging position, and when pp samples the voltage corresponding to the charging resistor, the MCU starts to communicate with the vehicle end through the PWM handshake signal and controls the relay to charge; Step S2084: In the case of remote control through the MCU, execute Step S2104: Ensure that the rotary switch is in the off position; Step S2124: The AC charging cable and the electric vehicle are successfully connected, and the MCU is controlled to make V2L_4 high level. When pp samples that the AC charging pile is successfully connected, the MCU starts to communicate with the vehicle end through the PWM handshake signal and controls the relay to charge. Step S2064: Confirm that the trolley is discharging the distribution box; Step S2086: Under manual switch control, execute step S2106: Confirm that the four control pins of the MCU are set to low level and the distribution box is in an off-grid state; Step S2126: The AC gun is connected to the trolley and the manual switch is adjusted to the discharge position corresponding to the vehicle model; Step S2088: Under remote control via the MCU, execute step S2108: First, ensure that the rotary switch is in the off position and the distribution box is in an off-grid state; Step S2128: The AC gun is connected to the trolley and the MCU is controlled to conduct the corresponding circuit according to the vehicle model; Step S214: The trolley confirms the discharge operation and performs the discharge.

[0117] First, you need to determine your usage requirements: is it for charging or discharging the vehicle? Regardless of the method, you can choose to switch manually or use the MCU for remote control. If using manual control, ensure all four control pins of the MCU are low before switching, and then manually switch the resistors according to your charging / discharging needs. Similarly, if you want to use remote control with the MCU, ensure the rotary switch is in the OFF position before use, and then control the corresponding circuit to conduct according to your needs.

[0118] According to the power distribution box and charging / discharging control method provided in the embodiments of this application, the charging / discharging gun head is built into the power distribution box, and by switching multiple access circuits, the discharging and charging of different types of electric vehicles can be realized.

[0119] This application also provides an energy storage system including an energy storage battery and a distribution box of any of the above embodiments. The distribution box is electrically connected to the energy storage battery and is used to monitor and distribute the power of the energy storage battery.

[0120] The energy storage system described in this application divides the load of the distribution box into multiple controllable load circuits, facilitating individual control and management of different loads and improving the flexibility of the distribution box in load management. This allows it to better adapt to complex power demand. Each controllable load circuit includes a switching switch and multiple access circuits. The access circuits include multiple discharge circuits, each corresponding to a specific electric vehicle model. When a power outage occurs in a home or other location, the user can manually operate or remotely control the switching switch to select the appropriate discharge circuit to connect, thus adapting to the discharge requirements of different vehicle models. In this way, the electric vehicle's electrical energy can be supplied to the distribution box, which then powers household appliances, improving power supply security.

[0121] The energy storage system can be a residential energy storage system, such as a residential photovoltaic energy storage system. The distribution box can be electrically connected to the energy storage battery via at least one controllable load circuit to perform functions such as state monitoring, charge / discharge management, battery protection, thermal management, and communication and information management of the energy storage battery. The distribution box can supply power from the grid, photovoltaic system, or electric vehicle to the energy storage battery via the controllable load circuit, thereby charging the energy storage battery, or it can supply power from the energy storage battery to household appliances via the controllable load circuit.

[0122] Energy storage batteries can include individual battery cells, and there can be multiple individual battery cells. These cells can be connected in series, parallel, or in a hybrid configuration. A hybrid configuration means that multiple battery cells are connected in both series and parallel. Multiple battery cells can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a hybrid configuration together. Alternatively, an energy storage battery can be composed of multiple battery cells first connected in series, parallel, or in a hybrid configuration to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules can be connected in series, parallel, or in a hybrid configuration to form a whole. Each individual battery cell can be a rechargeable battery; it can also be a lithium iron phosphate battery, a lithium-ion battery, a sodium-sulfur battery, a titanate battery, etc., but is not limited to these.

[0123] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "install," "connect," "link," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "link" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0124] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or unit referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0125] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the implementation of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0126] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the implementation methods of this application and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of this application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations can be made to the implementation methods of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the implementation methods of this application should be included within the protection scope of the implementation methods of this application.

Claims

1. A distribution box, characterized in that, include: The distribution box includes multiple controllable load circuits. At least one of the controllable load circuits includes a switching switch and multiple access circuits. The switching switch is used to connect one of the multiple access circuits. The access circuit includes multiple discharge circuits. Each discharge circuit corresponds to a model of an electric vehicle. When the discharge circuit is connected, the electric vehicle's electrical energy supplies power to at least one of the controllable load circuits.

2. The distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the discharge circuits is provided with a handshake resistor, and the resistance values ​​of the handshake resistors in the multiple discharge circuits are different.

3. The distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The access circuit also includes a charging circuit, in which electrical energy is configured to flow from the distribution box to the electric vehicle when the charging circuit is connected.

4. The distribution box according to claim 3, characterized in that, The charging circuit is equipped with a handshake resistor.

5. The distribution box according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The distribution box also includes: The charging / discharging gun head is electrically connected to the power distribution box. The charging / discharging gun head is used to connect the electric vehicle. When the discharge circuit is connected, the electrical energy of the electric vehicle flows to the power distribution box through the charging / discharging gun head.

6. The distribution box according to claim 5, characterized in that, The charging / discharging gun head also includes a power line, which is connected to at least one of the controllable load circuits. When the discharge circuit is connected, the electrical energy of the electric vehicle flows to the controllable load circuit via the power line.

7. The distribution box according to claim 5, characterized in that, The charging / discharging gun head includes a signal line, and the charging / discharging gun head is communicatively connected to the power distribution box through the signal line. The access circuit includes at least a portion of the signal line.

8. The distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching switch includes multiple positions, each access circuit is configured with one of the positions, and at least one of the positions is the off position.

9. The distribution box according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: A control unit is located in the controllable load circuit. The control unit is used to connect to a remote operation terminal. When the switch is in the off position, the control unit responds to the control command of the remote operation terminal and connects to one of the multiple access circuits.

10. The distribution box according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the switch is in the off position and the distribution box is in an off-grid state, the control unit responds to the control command of the remote operation terminal and connects the discharge circuit in the access circuit corresponding to the control command.

11. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes: Energy storage batteries; The distribution box according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the distribution box is electrically connected to the energy storage battery, and the distribution box is used to monitor and distribute the power of the energy storage battery.

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