Short circuit prevention protection circuit

Abstract

The utility model relates to an anti-short-circuit protection circuit, and belongs to the technical field of electronic circuits. Comprising a load circuit; a first port of the switch assembly is connected with the other end of the load circuit, and a second port of the switch assembly is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply; a first port of the control chip is connected with a third port of the switch assembly and transmits a control signal to the switch assembly; and the detection module is electrically connected with the load circuit. The detection module is directly and electrically connected with the load circuit, abnormal fluctuation of load current or voltage is monitored in real time, and circuit faults are fed back in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of electronic circuit technology, specifically relating to a short-circuit protection circuit. Background Technology

[0002] A power short circuit occurs when the power supply is directly connected to form a closed loop through a wire without passing through a load. It is usually a serious circuit fault that should be avoided as much as possible, as it can cause the circuit to burn out due to excessive current or even cause a fire. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a short-circuit protection circuit.

[0004] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A short-circuit protection circuit includes: a load circuit, one end of which is connected to the positive terminal of a power supply;

[0006] A switching assembly, wherein a first port of the switching assembly is connected to the other end of the load circuit, and a second port of the switching assembly is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply;

[0007] A control chip is connected to the third port of the switch assembly and sends a first control signal or a second control signal to the third port of the switch assembly.

[0008] The detection module is electrically connected to the load circuit and is capable of sending a third control signal to the third port of the control chip or the switching assembly.

[0009] When the receiving end of the third control signal is the control chip, the control chip sends a first control signal or a second control signal to the third port of the switch assembly according to the received third control signal. When the switch assembly receives the first control signal, it connects the first port and the second port. When the switch assembly receives the second control signal, it disconnects the first port and the second port.

[0010] When the receiving end of the third control signal is the third port of the switch assembly, the control chip continuously outputs the first control signal. When the detection module sends the third control signal to the third port of the switch assembly, the first port and the second port of the switch assembly are cut off. When the detection module stops sending the third control signal to the third port of the switch assembly, the third port of the switch assembly receives the first control signal and connects the first port and the second port.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the detection module includes a detection component and a control component. The first port of the control component is connected to the third port of the switch component, the second port of the control component is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, the third port of the control component is connected to the second port of the detection component and the negative terminal of the power supply respectively, and the first port of the detection component is connected to the other end of the load circuit.

[0012] When the load circuit is open, the first port and the second port of the detection component are cut off, and the first port and the second port of the control component are cut off. When the third port of the switch component receives the first control signal from the control chip, the first port and the second port of the switch component are connected.

[0013] When the load circuit is short-circuited, the first port and the second port of the detection component are connected and a fourth control signal is transmitted to the third port of the control component. The first port and the second port of the control component are connected and a third control signal is transmitted to the third port of the switch component. The first port and the second port of the switch component are cut off.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the detection component is a Zener diode, the cathode of the Zener diode is the first port of the detection component, and the anode of the Zener diode is the second port of the detection component.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the control component is an NMOS transistor, the first port of the control component is the drain of the NMOS transistor, the second port of the control component is the source of the NMOS transistor, and the third port of the control component is the gate of the NMOS transistor.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the third port of the control component is further connected to a pull-down resistor, and the two ends of the pull-down resistor are respectively connected to the third port of the control component and the negative terminal of the power supply.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the detection module is also connected to the control chip and transmits a third control signal to the control chip.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the detection module is a first resistor, the second port of the switch assembly is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply through the first resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the second port of the switch assembly, the other end of the first resistor is also connected to the control chip and transmits a third control signal to the control chip, and the control chip transmits a first control signal or a second control signal to the third port of the switch assembly according to the received third control signal.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the switching component is an NMOS transistor, the first port of the switching component is the drain of the NMOS transistor, the second port of the switching component is the source of the NMOS transistor, and the third port of the switching component is the gate of the NMOS transistor.

[0020] A short-circuit protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model has at least the following technical effects:

[0021] 1. By directly and electrically connecting the detection module to the load circuit, abnormal fluctuations in load current or voltage can be monitored in real time, and circuit faults can be promptly reported.

[0022] 2. By detecting the voltage across the resistor, the load circuit can be checked for short circuits, thus reducing the cost of the protection circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure reference numerals: R1, first resistor; ZD, Zener diode; Detailed Implementation

[0027] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this utility model in order to achieve the intended utility model purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structure, features and effects of this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1-2 In one embodiment, this utility model provides a short-circuit protection circuit, comprising:

[0029] A load circuit, one end of which is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply;

[0030] The switching assembly has its first port connected to the other end of the load circuit and its second port connected to the negative power supply.

[0031] The control chip is connected to the third port of the switching assembly and sends a first control signal or a second control signal to the third port of the switching assembly.

[0032] The detection module is electrically connected to the load circuit and can send a third control signal to the third port of the control chip or switching assembly.

[0033] When the receiving end of the third control signal is a control chip, the control chip sends a first control signal or a second control signal to the third port of the switching component according to the received third control signal. When the switching component receives the first control signal, it connects the first port and the second port. When the switching component receives the second control signal, it disconnects the first port and the second port. It can be understood that the third control signal can be a voltage signal. The control chip sends the first control signal or the second control signal to the third port of the switching component by detecting the voltage magnitude of the third control signal, i.e., the voltage signal.

[0034] When the receiving end of the third control signal is the third port of the switching component, the control chip continuously outputs the first control signal. When the detection module sends the third control signal to the third port of the switching component, the first port and the second port of the switching component are cut off. When the detection module stops sending the third control signal to the third port of the switching component, the third port of the switching component receives the first control signal and connects the first port and the second port. It can be understood that the first control signal and the third control signal can be potential signals with opposite potentials.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1-2 In one embodiment, this utility model provides a short-circuit protection circuit, comprising:

[0036] Load circuit;

[0037] The switching assembly has its first port connected to the other end of the load circuit and its second port connected to the negative power supply.

[0038] The control chip is connected to the third port of the switch assembly and transmits control signals to the switch assembly to control the on / off state between the first and second ports of the switch assembly.

[0039] The detection module is electrically connected to the load circuit and detects whether the load circuit is short-circuited.

[0040] In this embodiment, the switching assembly is connected between the other end of the load circuit and the negative terminal of the power supply, and is electrically connected to the control chip. The control chip controls the state of the load circuit to be either open or short-circuited by changing the on / off state of the switching assembly. A detection module electrically connected to the load circuit is also provided to detect whether a short circuit has occurred in the load circuit.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 In a further embodiment of this utility model, the detection module is also connected to the switch assembly and transmits a third control signal to the switch assembly to control the switch assembly to switch on and off.

[0042] In this embodiment, the detection module is directly electrically connected to the load circuit to monitor abnormal fluctuations in load current or voltage in real time and promptly report circuit faults.

[0043] In a further embodiment of this utility model, the detection module includes a detection component and a control component. The first port of the control component is connected to the third port of the switch component, the second port of the control component is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, the third port of the control component is connected to the second port of the detection component and the negative terminal of the power supply respectively, and the first port of the detection component is connected to the other end of the load circuit.

[0044] When the load circuit is open, the first and second ports of the detection component are cut off, and the first and second ports of the control component are cut off. When the third port of the switching component receives the first control signal from the control chip, the first and second ports of the switching component are connected.

[0045] When the load circuit is short-circuited, the first and second ports of the detection component are connected and a fourth control signal is transmitted to the third port of the control component. The first and second ports of the control component are connected and a third control signal is transmitted to the third port of the switching component. The first and second ports of the switching component are cut off.

[0046] In this embodiment, the detection module includes a detection component and a control component. The first port of the detection component is connected to the other end of the load circuit, and the second port of the detection component is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. The detection component controls the conduction or cutoff between the first and second ports by detecting the voltage at the negative input terminal of the load circuit. When the load circuit is working normally, the third port of the switching component receives a high-level signal from the control chip, and the first and second ports of the switching component are connected, allowing the power supply to the load circuit to operate normally. At this time, the voltage at the negative input terminal of the load circuit is low, close to the voltage at the negative terminal of the power supply, and the first and second ports of the detection component are cut off. At this time, the control component... The third port of the control component receives a low-level signal through the negative terminal of the power supply, and the first and second ports of the control component are cut off. When a short circuit occurs in the load circuit, the voltage at the negative input terminal of the load circuit rises, approaching the voltage at the positive terminal of the power supply. The first and second ports of the detection component are connected, and the third port of the control component is connected to the negative input terminal of the load circuit through the detection component and receives a high-level signal. The first and second ports of the control component are connected, and the third port of the switch component is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply through the detection component and receives a low-level signal. The first and second ports of the switch component are cut off, and the power supply is disconnected and short-circuited, stopping the power supply to the load circuit.

[0047] In a further embodiment of this utility model, the detection component is a Zener diode ZD, with the negative terminal of the Zener diode ZD being the first port of the detection component and the positive terminal of the Zener diode ZD being the second port of the detection component.

[0048] In this embodiment, the detection component is a Zener diode ZD. When a short circuit occurs in the load circuit, the voltage at the negative terminal of the Zener diode ZD increases, causing reverse breakdown of the Zener diode ZD, thus making the first port and the second port of the detection component conduct.

[0049] In a further embodiment of this utility model, the control component is an NMOS transistor, the first port of the control component is the drain of the NMOS transistor, the second port of the control component is the source of the NMOS transistor, and the third port of the control component is the gate of the NMOS transistor.

[0050] In a further embodiment of this invention, a pull-down resistor is also connected to the third port of the control component.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 2 In a further embodiment of this utility model, the detection module is also connected to the control chip and transmits a third control signal to the control chip.

[0052] In this embodiment, the detection module is electrically connected to the control chip. The control module detects whether a short circuit occurs in the load circuit through the detection module and controls the switching components to control the connection and disconnection between the load circuit and the power supply.

[0053] In a further embodiment of this utility model, the detection module is a first resistor R1. The second port of the switch assembly is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply through the first resistor R1. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the second port of the switch assembly. The other end of the first resistor R1 is also connected to the control chip and transmits a third control signal to the control chip. The control chip transmits a first control signal or a second control signal to the third port of the switch assembly according to the received third control signal.

[0054] In this embodiment, the detection module is a first resistor R1, which is connected between the second port of the switching assembly and the negative terminal of the power supply. When a short circuit occurs in the load circuit, the current flowing through the first resistor R1 increases, and the voltage at the other end of the first resistor R1 increases. The control chip is connected to the other end of the first resistor R1 and receives the third control signal output by the detection module by detecting the voltage at the other end of the first resistor R1. The control chip compares the voltage signal with a threshold to determine whether a short circuit has occurred in the load circuit and controls the switching assembly to open or close based on the detection result.

[0055] In a further embodiment of this utility model, when the control chip transmits a first control signal to the third port of the switch assembly, the first port and the second port of the switch assembly are connected; when the control chip transmits a second control signal to the third port of the switch assembly, the first port and the second port of the switch assembly are disconnected.

[0056] In this embodiment, the control chip detects whether a short circuit occurs in the load circuit through the first resistor R1, and controls the switch module according to the detection result. When the load circuit is working normally, the control chip transmits a first control signal to the third port of the switch component, and the first port and the second port of the switch component are connected. When a short circuit occurs in the load circuit, the control chip transmits a second control signal to the third port of the switch component, and the first port and the second port of the switch component are cut off.

[0057] In a further embodiment of this utility model, the switching component is an NMOS transistor, the first port of the switching component is the drain of the NMOS transistor, the second port of the switching component is the source of the NMOS transistor, and the third port of the switching component is the gate of the NMOS transistor.

[0058] In this embodiment, the switching component is an NMOS transistor, the first control signal of the control chip is a high-level signal, the second control signal is a low-level signal, and the third control signal of the detection module is a low-level signal.

[0059] Understandably, the switch assembly can also be implemented in other ways.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A short-circuit prevention protection circuit characterized by comprising: include: A load circuit, one end of which is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply; A switching assembly, wherein a first port of the switching assembly is connected to the other end of the load circuit, and a second port of the switching assembly is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply; A control chip is connected to the third port of the switch assembly and sends a first control signal or a second control signal to the third port of the switch assembly. The detection module is electrically connected to the load circuit and is capable of sending a third control signal to the third port of the control chip or the switching assembly. When the receiving end of the third control signal is the control chip, the control chip sends a first control signal or a second control signal to the third port of the switch assembly according to the received third control signal. When the switch assembly receives the first control signal, it connects the first port and the second port. When the switch assembly receives the second control signal, it disconnects the first port and the second port. When the receiving end of the third control signal is the third port of the switch assembly, the control chip continuously outputs the first control signal. When the detection module sends the third control signal to the third port of the switch assembly, the first port and the second port of the switch assembly are cut off. When the detection module stops sending the third control signal to the third port of the switch assembly, the third port of the switch assembly receives the first control signal and connects the first port and the second port.

2. The short circuit protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein The detection module includes a detection component and a control component. The first port of the control component is connected to the third port of the switch component, the second port of the control component is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, the third port of the control component is connected to the second port of the detection component and the negative terminal of the power supply, and the first port of the detection component is connected to the other end of the load circuit. When the load circuit is open, the first port and the second port of the detection component are cut off, and the first port and the second port of the control component are cut off. When the third port of the switch component receives the first control signal from the control chip, the first port and the second port of the switch component are connected. When the load circuit is short-circuited, the first port and the second port of the detection component are connected and a fourth control signal is transmitted to the third port of the control component. The first port and the second port of the control component are connected and a third control signal is transmitted to the third port of the switch component. The first port and the second port of the switch component are cut off.

3. The short circuit protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein The detection component is a Zener diode (ZD), with the cathode of the Zener diode (ZD) being the first port of the detection component and the anode of the Zener diode (ZD) being the second port of the detection component.

4. The short circuit protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein The control component is an NMOS transistor, the first port of the control component is the drain of the NMOS transistor, the second port of the control component is the source of the NMOS transistor, and the third port of the control component is the gate of the NMOS transistor.

5. The short circuit protection circuit according to claim 4, wherein The third port of the control component is also connected to a pull-down resistor, with the two ends of the pull-down resistor connected to the third port of the control component and the negative terminal of the power supply, respectively.

6. The short circuit protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein The detection module is also connected to the control chip and transmits a third control signal to the control chip.

7. The short circuit protection circuit according to claim 6, wherein The detection module is a first resistor (R1). The second port of the switch assembly is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply through the first resistor (R1). One end of the first resistor (R1) is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, and the other end of the first resistor (R1) is connected to the second port of the switch assembly. The other end of the first resistor (R1) is also connected to the control chip and transmits a third control signal to the control chip. The control chip transmits a first control signal or a second control signal to the third port of the switch assembly according to the received third control signal.

8. The short circuit protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein The switching component is an NMOS transistor, the first port of the switching component is the drain of the NMOS transistor, the second port of the switching component is the source of the NMOS transistor, and the third port of the switching component is the gate of the NMOS transistor.

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