Air suction type seed metering device

Abstract

The utility model provides an air suction type seed metering device, which comprises a casing, a negative pressure cavity, a seed accommodating cavity, a rotationally assembled seed suction disc and a seed guide mechanism, the seed accommodating cavity and the negative pressure cavity are respectively positioned on two sides of the seed suction disc and cover the trace of an adsorption hole on the upper rotation of the seed suction disc; the seed guide mechanism is a chain transmission mechanism and comprises a first chain wheel, a second chain wheel mounted at a seed falling port of the seed falling machine shell and a chain belt surrounding the two chain wheels; the first chain wheel and the seed suction disc are partially overlapped, so that the seed supporting grids of the upper rotation section of the chain belt are orderly inserted between adsorption holes which are formed in the seed suction disc and are about to exceed the upper edge limit position of the negative pressure cavity. According to the technical scheme, accurate, reliable and efficient spaced seed metering and falling operation is achieved, operation energy consumption is reduced, and the device has the technical advantages of being compact in structure and small in size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a seeding device for arable land, and more particularly to a pneumatic suction seeding device with interval quantitative function. Background Technology

[0002] my country is vigorously promoting pneumatic seed metering devices, mainly used for large-scale sowing of seeds larger than a certain size, including peanuts, corn, and soybeans. These devices primarily consist of a seed suction disc and a seed guide wheel. One side of the seed suction disc is a negative pressure chamber, and the other side is a seed storage chamber. Through the combination of the seed suction disc, the seed guide wheel, and pressure relief, quantitative and interval seeding is achieved, as illustrated by a pneumatic seed metering device disclosed in patent document CN20453798U. However, existing pneumatic seed metering devices with a seed guide wheel driven and installed below the seed suction disc have a seed-dropping structure that easily causes similar seeds to fall together into a seed-filling groove on the seed guide wheel due to gravity and rotational inertia, resulting in discrepancies between the actual seed-dropped quantity and the set seeding quantity, leading to inaccurate seed-dropping numbers. Furthermore, to ensure the accuracy and reliability of sowing, existing seed metering devices require strong negative pressure to maintain a long rotational distance for the adsorbed seeds to reach the lower seed guide wheel, resulting in high energy consumption, easy inhalation of impurities during sowing, serious impact on sowing operations, and large equipment size. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to reduce the size of the device, reduce the negative pressure workload, and more importantly, improve the accuracy of seeding quantity, by providing an air suction seed metering device.

[0004] The main technical content of the air-suction seed metering device provided by this utility model is: an air-suction seed metering device, which consists of a housing;

[0005] The housing includes a housing for assembling the seed metering unit and a seed dropping housing extending downward from the housing for assembling the seed metering unit;

[0006] The seed dispensing unit includes a negative pressure chamber, a seed receiving chamber, a rotating seed suction plate, and a seed guiding part of a seed guiding mechanism; the seed suction plate and the seed guiding mechanism are in the same direction of transmission; the seed dropping part of the seed guiding mechanism is assembled inside the seed dropping machine housing.

[0007] The seed suction disc has a plurality of suction holes evenly distributed on its disc with equal center distances.

[0008] The seed-accepting cavity and the negative pressure cavity are located on both sides of the seed-suction plate, respectively, covering the suction hole tracks on the seed-suction plate, and slidingly engaging with the seed-suction plate; the upper limit position of the negative pressure cavity is close to the suction hole tracks at the top edge of the upper rotation.

[0009] The seed guiding mechanism is a chain drive mechanism, including a first sprocket, a second sprocket installed at the seed dropping port of the seed dropping machine housing, and a chain belt that runs around the two sprockets;

[0010] The chain belt is provided with seed-supporting grids at even intervals.

[0011] The first sprocket is parallel to the seed suction plate and partially overlaps it, so that the seed-holding grid on the rotating section of the chain belt is inserted in an orderly manner between the suction holes that the seed suction plate is about to exceed and those that have not yet exceeded the upper limit position of the negative pressure cavity.

[0012] In one preferred embodiment of the above overall technical solution, the negative pressure cavity is in a sealed sliding fit with the seed suction plate.

[0013] In one preferred embodiment of the above overall technical solution, the bottom edge of the negative pressure cavity is preferably not lower than the middle horizontal position of the spiral track on the seed suction plate.

[0014] In one preferred embodiment of the above overall technical solution, the bottom edge of the seed-accepting cavity is preferably not higher than the bottom edge of the negative pressure cavity.

[0015] In one preferred embodiment of the above overall technical solution, the first sprocket and the seed suction disc are connected by a transmission drive via an intermediate shaft and the transmission wheels at both ends of the shaft.

[0016] In one preferred embodiment of the above overall technical solution, the intermediate shaft is connected to the sprocket at the shaft end on the guide mechanism side, and is located between the first sprocket and the second sprocket, so that the seed-holding grid on the upper chain belt is in an upward angle state.

[0017] The air suction seed metering device disclosed in this utility model has an overlapping structure in which the seed suction disc and the first sprocket are joined at the top edge. The first step is that the seed suction disc rotates upward and passes through the seed receiving cavity to absorb the seeds. The seed-supporting grid of the sprocket has rotated to reach the suction hole with the seeds adsorbed and is about to leave the negative pressure cavity. The second step is that as the seed suction disc with the seeds adsorbed at the suction hole rotates away from the negative pressure cavity, the seeds on it lose the negative pressure and fall into the inserted seed-supporting grid. Then, they are carried by the downward rotating part of the chain to the lower port of the seed metering machine housing, realizing precise sowing with equal distance and equal quantity. This technical solution significantly shortens the travel path from the seed negative pressure adsorption section to the seed-guiding grid on the chain, effectively improving the accuracy and reliability of quantitative interval seeding operations and enabling accurate, reliable, and efficient interval seeding and dropping operations. In particular, it overcomes the technical problems of existing seeding equipment, such as high negative pressure power, easy inhalation of impurities, serious impact on the continuity of seeding work and equipment life, and high energy consumption. This technical solution effectively saves operating energy consumption and also has the technical advantages of compact structure and small size. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 and Figure 2 These are three-dimensional structural diagrams of the side where the seed-accepting chamber is located and the side where the negative pressure chamber is located, respectively.

[0019] Figure 3 For the corresponding Figure 3 Internal structural diagram of the direction.

[0020] Figure 4 For the corresponding Figure 1 Internal assembly structure diagram of the direction. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical content of this air-suction seed metering device will be described in detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, and its application effects will be explained.

[0022] This air-suction seed metering device, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, its components include a housing 3;

[0023] The housing 3 includes a device housing 31 for assembling the seed dispensing section and a seed dropping housing 32 extending downward from the device housing 31.

[0024] The seed dispensing unit includes a negative pressure chamber 11, a seed receiving chamber 26, a rotating seed suction plate 1, and a seed guiding part of a seed guiding mechanism 2. The seed suction plate 1 and the seed guiding mechanism 2 are in the same direction of transmission. The seed dropping part of the seed guiding mechanism 2 is assembled inside the seed dropping machine housing 32. The lower end of the seed dropping machine housing 32 faces the cultivated land to be sown during the sowing operation.

[0025] The seed suction disc 1 has several suction holes 10 evenly distributed on its disc with equal center distance.

[0026] according to Figure 4 As shown, both the seed suction plate 1 and the seed guiding mechanism 2 rotate counterclockwise.

[0027] The negative pressure chamber 11, as described above Figure 4 As shown, the area covering the suction holes 10 on the seed suction plate 1, i.e., the upper right side of the figure, is preferably an arc-shaped cavity with a span of no less than two to three suction holes 10, the edge of which slides with the seed suction plate 1, preferably in a sealed sliding fit; the upper limit position of the cavity is preferably near the suction hole 10 track near the top edge of the upper spiral. Figure 4 As shown, the bottom edge of the negative pressure chamber 11 is preferably not lower than the middle horizontal position of the upward spiral trajectory.

[0028] The seed-receiving cavity 26 is a seed-containing cavity located on the other side of the seed-suction plate 1, opposite to the negative pressure cavity 11, and has a seed-adding port at its top; its bottom edge is preferably not higher than the bottom edge of the negative pressure cavity 11.

[0029] When preparing for sowing, add the required amount of seeds to the seed container 26.

[0030] The negative pressure chamber 11 is connected to the air passage of the negative pressure power unit through the negative pressure connecting pipe 18.

[0031] The seed guiding mechanism 2 is a chain drive mechanism, which consists of a first sprocket 21, a second sprocket 23, and a chain belt 5 that runs between the two sprockets. The chain belt 5 is provided with a plurality of seed-supporting grids 50 evenly spaced on it.

[0032] The first sprocket 21 and the chain belt 5 that wraps around the first sprocket 21 are considered as the seed guiding part of the seed guiding mechanism assembled in the housing 31 of the device; the second sprocket 23 and the chain belt that wraps around the second sprocket 23 are considered as the seed dropping part of the seed guiding mechanism assembled in the seed dropping housing 32, and the second sprocket 23 is located at the seed dropping port of the seed dropping housing 32.

[0033] The first sprocket 21 has its disc partially overlapping with the seed suction plate 1. After the overlap, the seed-holding grid 50 on the rotating section of the chain belt 5 is inserted in an orderly manner between the suction holes 10 that the rotating seed suction plate 1 is about to exceed and that has not exceeded the upper limit position of the negative pressure chamber 11.

[0034] Its seed dispensing operation is as follows: the negative pressure power and seed dispensing unit are activated, and the chain belts 5 of the seed suction plate 1 and the seed guiding mechanism 2 are both in the following position. Figure 4 The rotation is counterclockwise as shown. The upward-spinning part of the seed suction disc 1 passes through the seed pile in the seed receiving cavity 26. The seeds are sucked up one by one by the suction holes 10 of the upward-spinning seed suction disc through the negative pressure cavity 11, and are detached from the seed pile. The upward rotation continues until it leaves the upper limit position of the negative pressure cavity 11 and loses the negative pressure force. At the same time, the seed-supporting grid 50 of the upward-spinning section of the chain belt 5 of the seed guiding mechanism 2 has been inserted under the suction holes 10 that are about to lose the negative pressure force. The seeds, having lost the negative pressure suction force, fall freely onto the seed-supporting grid 50 below. In this way, the seeds that have been sucked up by the suction holes 10 of the seed suction disc 1 fall sequentially into the upward-spinning synchronously inserted seed-supporting grids 50, so that the seeds are evenly distributed in each seed-supporting grid 50. Then, with the downward-spinning part of the chain belt 5, the seeds are carried to the second sprocket 23, sowing the land at equal intervals and in equal quantities. This process is repeated.

[0035] As can be seen from the above, because the travel distance between the seed negative pressure adsorption section and the seed guide section of the chain belt 50 is much shorter than that of the existing technology, it not only effectively improves the accuracy of the seeding quantity and increases the work efficiency, but also greatly reduces the required negative pressure power and saves energy consumption in the seeding operation.

[0036] In this embodiment, the power output starts the first sprocket 21 via the shaft 24. The first sprocket 21 is connected to the seed suction plate 1 via the intermediate shaft 22 and the transmission wheels at both ends of the shaft. That is, the shaft end of the guide mechanism 2 side of the intermediate shaft 22 is provided with a linkage sprocket 25 that meshes with the chain belt 5. The shaft end of the seed suction plate 1 side is connected to the seed suction plate 1 via a pulley or sprocket, so as to realize the synchronous and co-rotation operation of the seed suction plate 1 and the seed guiding mechanism 2, without the need to set up a separate starting power for the seed suction plate 1.

[0037] In this embodiment, the linkage sprocket 25 is located between the first sprocket 21 and the second sprocket 23. It serves two purposes: firstly, it acts as a tensioning wheel for the chain belt 5; secondly, it is positioned so that the seed-holding grid 50 on the upper rotating section of the chain belt 5 is at an upward angle, ensuring that the seeds are stably received.

Claims

1. A kind of air suction seed metering device, its constitution includes machine shell (3), The machine shell (3), including the device machine shell (31) of assembly seed metering part and the seed drop machine shell (32) extended downward by device machine shell; The seed metering part, including negative pressure cavity (11), seed receiving cavity (26), rotating assembly seed suction disc (1) and the seed guide mechanism (2) seed guide part;The seed suction disc (1) is with the same transmission direction with the seed guide mechanism (2);Seed drop part of seed guide mechanism (2) is assembled in the seed drop machine shell (32). The seed suction disc, the disc is uniformly distributed with several adsorption holes (10) of equal center distance; Its characterized in that, The seed receiving cavity (26) and negative pressure cavity (11) are located at the two sides of seed suction disc (1) respectively, cover the adsorption hole track of the upper rotation of seed suction disc (1), and are in sliding fit with seed suction disc (1);The upper edge limit position of the cavity of negative pressure cavity (11) is close to the adsorption hole (10) track of the upper rotation top edge; The seed guide mechanism (2) is chain transmission mechanism, including first sprocket (21), second sprocket (23) installed at seed drop port of seed drop machine shell (32) and chain belt (5) around two sprockets; The chain belt (5) is uniformly spaced on it and is provided with seed supporting grid (50); The first sprocket (21) is parallel to the seed suction disc (1) and partially overlaps, so that the seed supporting grid (50) of the upper rotation segment of chain belt (5) is orderly inserted between the adsorption hole (10) which is desired to surpass the upper edge limit position of negative pressure cavity (11) and not surpassed after it on the seed suction disc (1).

2. The air delivery seed meter of claim 1, wherein, The negative pressure cavity (11) is in sealed sliding fit with the seed suction disc (1).

3. The air placement device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The bottom edge of the negative pressure cavity (11) is not lower than the middle horizontal position of the upper rotation track of the seed suction disc.

4. The air seed meter of claim 3, wherein, The bottom edge of the seed receiving cavity (26) is not higher than the bottom edge of the negative pressure cavity (11).

5. The air delivery seed meter of claim 1, wherein, The first sprocket (21) and the seed suction disc (1) are connected by the intermediate shaft (22) and its two shaft end transmission wheels.

6. The air delivery seed meter of claim 5, wherein, The shaft end of the intermediate shaft (22) is connected with the chain wheel (25) on the guide mechanism side, which is arranged between the first sprocket (21) and the second sprocket (23), so that the seed supporting grid (50) of the upper rotation segment of the chain belt (5) above is in an upward angle state.

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