Environment-friendly composite leather

Abstract

The utility model provides environment-friendly composite leather, which relates to the technical field of leather preparation and sequentially comprises a surface layer, a sound absorption layer and a quality layer from top to bottom. A plurality of bulges are arranged on the surface layer; the sound absorption layer comprises a porous material and a damping material which are arranged in a radial or weft staggered manner, the damping material is fixedly connected with the contact surface of the surface layer or the mass layer in a hot-pressing manner, and the damping material is fixedly connected with the contact surface of the porous material in a hot-pressing manner; wherein the area ratio of the porous material to the damping material is (3-5): 1; the aperture of pores in the porous material is 1-10 [mu] m. By arranging the porous materials and the damping materials in a staggered manner, the situation that the damping materials excessively cover the surfaces of the porous materials is effectively avoided, sound absorption pores are kept unobstructed, the stability is ensured, meanwhile, the structure is optimized, the overall strength and performance of the composite leather are improved, the thickness and weight are reduced, and the win-win situation of environmental protection and benefits is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of leather preparation technology, and in particular to an environmentally friendly composite leather. Background Technology

[0002] Eco-friendly revitalized leather, a perfect blend of modern materials technology and environmental protection principles, is gradually becoming a preferred material that balances fashion and functionality. It employs a series of innovative environmentally friendly processes and renewable resources, such as vegetable tanning technology, bio-based polymers, and recycled materials, significantly reducing its environmental burden. This leather not only reduces the emission of harmful substances during production but also readily biodegrades after disposal, demonstrating its environmentally friendly characteristics throughout its entire lifecycle.

[0003] In terms of texture and appearance, eco-friendly revival leather pursues a natural and retro charm, creating a visual effect that is both classic and modern through meticulous texture processing and color matching. It is soft and comfortable to the touch, breathable, and suitable for various applications, from high-end furniture to car interiors, showcasing its unique charm and taste.

[0004] While existing environmentally friendly composite leathers have indeed made significant progress in environmental performance, designed to reduce environmental burden through more sustainable production processes and raw materials, and contributing to pollution and resource conservation, their performance, particularly in sound insulation and shock absorption, falls short. This is primarily due to limitations in their structural design and material selection, preventing them from achieving ideal sound insulation and shock absorption standards. Specifically, environmentally friendly composite leathers typically use an adhesive layer to completely cover and bond porous materials during manufacturing. However, the adhesive properties of this layer often penetrate and block the pores of the porous material. While this design enhances the material's integrity and durability, it also significantly reduces its sound absorption efficiency. With pores blocked, sound waves struggle to penetrate and attenuate effectively, thus affecting the composite leather's sound insulation performance. This limitation restricts the use of environmentally friendly composite leathers in applications with high sound insulation requirements, such as noise control and interior decoration. Therefore, a new type of environmentally friendly composite leather is urgently needed to meet broader application needs. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an environmentally friendly composite leather. By arranging porous materials and damping materials in an alternating manner, it effectively avoids the damping material from excessively covering the surface of the porous materials, keeps the sound-absorbing pores open and ensures stability, while optimizing the structure and improving the overall strength and performance of the composite leather, reducing thickness and weight, and achieving a win-win situation of environmental protection and efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] This utility model provides an environmentally friendly composite leather, which includes a surface layer, a sound-absorbing layer, and a mass layer from top to bottom. The surface layer has multiple protrusions distributed in a checkerboard pattern. The sound-absorbing layer includes a porous material and a damping material arranged radially or latitudinally. The damping material is hot-pressed to the contact surface of the surface layer or the mass layer, and the damping material is hot-pressed to the contact surface of the porous material. On one side of the same sound-absorbing layer, the area ratio of the porous material to the damping material is (3-5):1. The pore size of the porous material is 1-10 μm.

[0008] Furthermore, based on the above technical solution, the surface layer is environmentally friendly PU leather.

[0009] Furthermore, based on the above technical solution, the porous material includes one or more of chemically cross-linked polyethylene foam, electron radiation cross-linked polyethylene foam, and irradiation cross-linked polypropylene foam.

[0010] Furthermore, based on the above technical solution, the mass layer is rock wool or mineral wool.

[0011] Furthermore, based on the above technical solution, the thickness of the surface layer is 50-100μm.

[0012] Furthermore, based on the above technical solution, the thickness of the sound-absorbing layer is 200-500μm.

[0013] Furthermore, based on the above technical solution, the thickness of the mass layer is 200-700μm.

[0014] The environmentally friendly composite leather provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The environmentally friendly composite leather provided by this utility model effectively avoids the damping material from excessively covering the surface of the porous material by interlacing porous materials and damping materials, keeping the sound-absorbing pores open and ensuring stability. At the same time, it optimizes the structure and improves the overall strength and performance of the composite leather, reduces thickness and weight, and achieves a win-win situation of environmental protection and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an environmentally friendly composite leather provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0018] icon:

[0019] 1. Surface layer; 2. Sound-absorbing layer; 3. Mass layer; 4. Protrusions; 5. Porous material; 6. Damping material. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described are merely to help understand this utility model and should not be considered as specific limitations on this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. Process parameters in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions are generally based on conventional conditions.

[0021] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this utility model are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this utility model.

[0022] According to a first aspect of this utility model, an environmentally friendly composite leather is provided, such as... Figure 1 As shown, from top to bottom, it includes a surface layer 1, a sound-absorbing layer 2, and a mass layer 3; the surface layer 1 has multiple protrusions 4; the protrusions 4 are distributed in a checkerboard pattern; the sound-absorbing layer 2 includes a porous material 5 and a damping material 6 arranged radially or latitudinally, the damping material 6 is hot-pressed to the contact surface of the surface layer 1 or the mass layer 3, and the damping material 6 is hot-pressed to the contact surface of the porous material 5; wherein, the area ratio of the porous material 5 to the damping material 6 is (3-5):1; the pore size of the pores in the porous material 5 is 1-10μm.

[0023] Specifically, the present invention provides a plurality of protrusions 4 on the surface layer 1. This structure can generate more reflection and refraction during the propagation of sound waves, effectively improving the sound absorption and sound insulation performance of the material, especially for sound of specific frequencies.

[0024] Furthermore, in this invention, the damping material 6 is a viscous foam adhesive. This material not only provides the necessary adhesion but also possesses good elasticity and sound absorption properties. By cleverly defining the radial or latitudinal staggered arrangement of the porous material 5 and the damping material 6, the situation where the damping material 6 covers a large area of ​​the porous material 5 is avoided. This design allows the damping material 6 to act as an adhesive layer without excessively occupying the surface area of ​​the porous material 5. This not only maintains the unobstructed sound-absorbing pores of the porous material 5 and avoids the problem of the adhesive properties clogging the pores during hot pressing, thus ensuring the stability of the sound absorption effect, but also optimizes the overall structure of the material. Furthermore, the staggered arrangement of the damping material 6 and the porous material 5 not only promotes the adhesion between the damping material 6 and the porous material 5 but also achieves effective adhesion to the surface layer 1 and the mass layer 3. This multi-dimensional bonding method not only enhances the overall strength of the composite leather but also reduces the thickness of the composite leather, lightening the weight of the final product, while also improving the overall performance and efficiency of the material. This design not only improves sound absorption but also takes into account the structural optimization and cost-effectiveness of materials, providing a new approach for the development of environmentally friendly composite leather.

[0025] Furthermore, this invention specifies the area ratio of porous material 5 to damping material 6 as (3-5):1, such as 3:1, 3.5:1, 4:1, 4.5:1, 5:1, etc. This ensures that porous material 5 occupies the majority of the material, fully utilizing its sound absorption function, while damping material 6 acts as a binder and reinforcer of the structure. Specifically, a larger area ratio of porous material 5 provides more pores for sound wave absorption, thereby improving sound absorption efficiency; while a smaller area ratio of damping material 6 avoids over-covering porous material 5, preventing pore blockage and ensuring that sound waves can smoothly enter the material's interior. In addition, this ratio allows damping material 6 to maintain the overall elasticity and toughness of the material without affecting the sound absorption effect due to excessive area. Therefore, the (3-5):1 area ratio is an optimized design that balances the performance of porous material 5 and damping material 6, aiming to achieve the best sound absorption performance and structural strength of the composite material.

[0026] Furthermore, this invention limits the pore size of the porous material 5 to 1-10 μm, such as 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, etc., because porous materials 5 with pore sizes within this range can effectively capture and absorb sound waves of different frequencies, especially showing significant absorption effects on mid-to-low frequency sounds. A pore size of 1-10 μm allows sound waves to undergo more reflection and refraction when entering the material, increasing the propagation path of sound waves within the material, thereby prolonging the residence time of sound waves in the material and improving sound absorption efficiency. In addition, this pore size prevents sound waves from directly passing through the material due to excessively large pores, and also reduces the penetration of viscous substances from the damping material 6 into the pores due to excessively large pores, while excessively small pores make it difficult for sound waves to enter the material. Therefore, by precisely controlling the pore size of the porous material 5 within the range of 1-10μm, excellent sound absorption performance can be achieved, meeting the needs of application scenarios with special requirements for acoustic environment, such as noise control and indoor acoustic design.

[0027] As an optional embodiment of this utility model, the surface layer 1 is environmentally friendly PU leather.

[0028] Specifically, environmentally friendly PU leather is a synthetic leather material that emphasizes environmental protection and sustainable development. It primarily uses polyurethane (PU) resin as its raw material. Environmentally friendly PU leather uses fewer additives in its production process, and most of these additives are environmentally friendly, thus its environmental performance is superior to traditional PVC artificial leather. Environmentally friendly PU leather is recyclable, reducing environmental pollution and resource waste.

[0029] As an optional embodiment of this utility model, the porous material 5 includes one or more of chemically cross-linked polyethylene foam (XPE), electron radiation cross-linked polyethylene foam (IXPE), and irradiated cross-linked polypropylene foam (IXPP).

[0030] Specifically, chemically cross-linked polyethylene foam (XPE) has sound absorption and noise reduction functions, making it suitable for use as sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials in noisy equipment and environments such as airplanes, railway vehicles, automobiles, and electric motors. XPE material is non-toxic, odorless, chemically stable, and does not emit harmful gases such as formaldehyde, making it an environmentally friendly material. Furthermore, it is easily recyclable and does not cause serious air pollution when incinerated.

[0031] Specifically, electron-radiation cross-linked polyethylene foam (IXPE) alters the base material structure through ionization radiation, forming a network of independent closed-cell structures. It contains no additives, requires no heating, leaves no chemical residues, and is recyclable, meeting international environmental standards. IXPE material exhibits excellent sound damping, resilience, and impact resistance, with a permanent compression ratio below 5%, making it suitable for applications requiring sound insulation and vibration resistance. IXPE material has a smooth appearance, a comfortable feel, and fine, uniform pores that are strong, flexible, and easy to process (easily laminated, glued, cut, punched, hot-pressed, and thermoforming).

[0032] Specifically, irradiated cross-linked polypropylene foam (IXPP) exhibits high strength, good toughness, and ease of molding under the same density conditions, with an elongation at break exceeding 300%. It is foamed at high temperatures, has a low odor, and emits minimal VOCs, meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0033] As an optional embodiment of this utility model, the damping material 6 includes one or more of SMP foam, water-based foam, and SEBS foam.

[0034] Specifically, SMP foam is a silicone-modified polyurethane foam material with excellent weather resistance, remaining stable under harsh climatic conditions and resistant to aging or degradation. It also possesses strong adhesive properties, firmly adhering to various substrates, including metals, wood, and plastics. SMP foam typically uses environmentally friendly raw materials, containing little or no volatile organic compounds (VOCs), making it environmentally friendly. It also has a degree of elasticity, absorbing and dispersing impact energy, providing cushioning and protection, and can be used as a sound-absorbing material to reduce noise.

[0035] Specifically, water-based foam is a foaming material that uses water as a dispersion medium. The foamed material has a porous structure, which effectively absorbs sound waves. Water-based foam does not release harmful volatile organic compounds during production and use, making it environmentally friendly and harmless to humans. It also possesses excellent adhesion properties, firmly adhering to various substrates to form a tight sealing layer.

[0036] Specifically, SEBS foam is a thermoplastic elastomer foam material. Due to its saturated olefinic structure, SEBS exhibits superior weather resistance and heat aging resistance compared to traditional SBS materials. SEBS foam is thermoplastic, allowing for secondary shaping or recycling of the foamed product, thus meeting environmental protection requirements. Furthermore, the foamed material's porous structure effectively absorbs sound waves, making it suitable for use as a sound-absorbing material.

[0037] Furthermore, foaming materials such as SMP foam, water-based foam, and SEBS foam are highly favored in their respective fields due to their unique adhesive properties. These materials not only possess excellent adhesion, enabling them to firmly bond to various substrates, but also, during the heating and pressurization process, their high viscosity allows them to tightly adhere to the surfaces of adjacent foaming materials, forming a strong bond. This tight bond not only helps improve the structural strength of the product but also effectively prevents the penetration of external factors such as moisture and air, extending the product's lifespan. In addition, during the heating and pressurization process, adjacent layers of foaming materials can undergo a certain degree of cross-linking reaction, further enhancing their bonding strength and ensuring that the product maintains stable performance under various harsh environments.

[0038] As an optional embodiment of this utility model, the mass layer 3 is rock wool or mineral wool.

[0039] Specifically, both rock wool and mineral wool possess excellent thermal insulation properties, effectively blocking heat transfer, which is crucial for improving the energy efficiency of composite leather. Secondly, both materials exhibit outstanding sound absorption properties, significantly reducing noise pollution and improving the acoustic environment. Furthermore, rock wool and mineral wool have low density and are lightweight, helping to reduce the overall weight of the composite leather and lessen the structural burden. They also possess high chemical stability and durability, maintaining their performance over long periods under harsh environmental conditions. More importantly, both rock wool and mineral wool are environmentally friendly materials; their production processes have minimal environmental impact and they are recyclable, aligning with current green and environmentally friendly development trends. Therefore, using rock wool or mineral wool as the third-layer material not only enhances the functionality of composite leather but also meets the modern requirements for environmental protection and sustainability.

[0040] As an optional embodiment of this utility model, the thickness of the surface layer 1 is 50-100μm.

[0041] As an optional embodiment of this utility model, the thickness of the sound-absorbing layer 2 is 200-500μm.

[0042] As an optional embodiment of this utility model, the thickness of the mass layer 3 is 200-700μm.

[0043] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and comparative examples.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] In the mold, surface layer 1, sound-absorbing layer 2, and mass layer 3 are arranged in order from top to bottom;

[0046] Among them, the surface layer 1 is environmentally friendly PU leather with a thickness of 70μm, and the surface layer 1 has multiple protrusions 4; the protrusions 4 are distributed in a checkerboard pattern.

[0047] The sound-absorbing layer 2 has a thickness of 300 μm and includes a radially staggered porous material 5 and a damping material 6. The porous material 5 is a chemically cross-linked polyethylene foam material with an average pore diameter of 5 μm. The damping material 6 is an SMP foam. The area ratio of the porous material 5 to the damping material 6 is 3:1.

[0048] The third mass layer is made of rock wool with a thickness of 300 μm;

[0049] Environmentally friendly composite leather is obtained by hot pressing at 160℃ and 17MPa for 30 minutes.

[0050] The sound absorption coefficient of the environmentally friendly composite leather was determined according to the standard ISO-10534, and the sound absorption coefficient was found to be 0.19.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] In the mold, surface layer 1, sound-absorbing layer 2, and mass layer 3 are arranged in order from top to bottom;

[0053] The surface layer 1 is made of environmentally friendly PU leather with a thickness of 50μm, and multiple protrusions 4 are provided on the surface layer 1; the protrusions 4 are distributed in a checkerboard pattern.

[0054] The sound-absorbing layer 2 has a thickness of 400 μm and includes a porous material 5 and a damping material 6 arranged in a latitudinal cross-linked manner. The porous material 5 is an electron radiation cross-linked polyethylene foam material with an average pore diameter of 8 μm. The damping material 6 is a water-based foam adhesive. The area ratio of the porous material 5 to the damping material 6 is 4:1.

[0055] The third mass layer is made of rock wool with a thickness of 400 μm;

[0056] Environmentally friendly composite leather is obtained by hot pressing at 160℃ and 17MPa for 30 minutes.

[0057] The sound absorption coefficient of the environmentally friendly composite leather was determined according to the standard ISO-10534, and the sound absorption coefficient was found to be 0.21.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] In the mold, surface layer 1, sound-absorbing layer 2, and mass layer 3 are arranged in order from top to bottom;

[0060] Among them, the surface layer 1 is environmentally friendly PU leather with a thickness of 80μm, and the surface layer 1 has multiple protrusions 4; the protrusions 4 are distributed in a checkerboard pattern.

[0061] The sound-absorbing layer 2 has a thickness of 500 μm and includes a radially staggered porous material 5 and a damping material 6. The porous material 5 is an irradiated cross-linked polypropylene foam material with an average pore diameter of 6 μm. The damping material 6 is SEBS foam. The area ratio of the porous material 5 to the damping material 6 is 5:1.

[0062] The third mass layer is made of rock wool with a thickness of 500 μm;

[0063] Environmentally friendly composite leather is obtained by hot pressing at 160℃ and 17MPa for 30 minutes.

[0064] The sound absorption coefficient of the environmentally friendly composite leather was determined according to the standard ISO-10534, and the sound absorption coefficient was found to be 0.20.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly composite leather, characterized in that, The structure consists of a surface layer (1), a sound-absorbing layer (2), and a mass layer (3) from top to bottom. The surface layer (1) has multiple protrusions (4). The protrusions (4) are distributed in a checkerboard pattern. The sound-absorbing layer (2) includes a porous material (5) and a damping material (6) arranged radially or latitudinally. The damping material (6) is hot-pressed to the contact surface of the surface layer (1) or the mass layer (3). The damping material (6) is hot-pressed to the contact surface of the porous material (5). On one side of the same sound-absorbing layer (2), the area ratio of the porous material (5) to the damping material (6) is (3-5):

1. The pore size of the porous material (5) is 1-10 μm.

2. The environmentally friendly composite leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface layer (1) is environmentally friendly PU leather.

3. The environmentally friendly composite leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, The porous material (5) includes one or more of the following: chemically cross-linked polyethylene foam, electron radiation cross-linked polyethylene foam, and irradiated cross-linked polypropylene foam.

4. The environmentally friendly composite leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damping material (6) includes one or more of SMP foam, water-based foam, and SEBS foam.

5. The environmentally friendly composite leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass layer (3) is rock wool or mineral wool.

6. The environmentally friendly composite leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the surface layer (1) is 50-100 μm.

7. The environmentally friendly composite leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the sound-absorbing layer (2) is 200-500 μm.

8. The environmentally friendly composite leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the mass layer (3) is 200-700 μm.

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