Reinforcing structure of prefabricated stage duct piece
By using a combination of anti-crack mesh and steel bars to reinforce the tenon and mortise joints of shield tunnel segments, the problem of easy damage to the tenons and mortise joints is solved, the shear and bending resistance of shield tunnels is improved, construction and maintenance costs are reduced, and the method is highly adaptable and suitable for different construction environments.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422943076.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-01
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-12
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-01
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the tongue and groove joints of shield tunnel segments are prone to cracking, misalignment, and water leakage. Traditional reinforcement measures such as steel fiber reinforced concrete are costly and local reinforcement is difficult to implement. Furthermore, the insufficient design of the tongue and groove joints leads to weak load-bearing capacity.
A combination of anti-crack mesh and steel reinforcement is used to specifically reinforce the convex and concave joints of the shield tunnel segments. This includes installing steel cages, cross bars, spiral bars, and anti-crack mesh during the prefabrication stage or on-site to form a steel reinforcement resistance skeleton to improve load-bearing capacity.
It effectively improves the shear and bending resistance of shield tunnel segments, reduces crack propagation, facilitates construction, reduces costs, has strong adaptability, and is easy to maintain. It can control crack development in the early stages, prevent structural damage, and reduce operating costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223661837U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of tunnel shield technology, specifically relating to a reinforcement structure for prefabricated tunnel segments. Background Technology
[0002] With the advancement of urbanization in my country, the construction of infrastructure such as subways and water conveyance tunnels, primarily using the shield tunneling method, has been vigorously developed. From the current status of shield tunnel construction and operation, shield tunnel segments in soft soil strata are more prone to adverse conditions such as inter-ring misalignment and intra-ring elliptic deformation due to disturbances from surrounding loads. Furthermore, this can further lead to defects such as cracking, damage, and water leakage at the segment joints. Segment joints are typically the weakest points in the load-bearing system of shield tunnels, and the tenon joints of tenoned segments are the primary load-bearing components when segment misalignment and elliptic deformation occur; these tenons are extremely susceptible to damage.
[0003] Traditional solutions involve reinforcing the joints of tunnel segments with steel plates and aramid fabrics after defects such as cracking, misalignment, and leakage occur. Meanwhile, steel fiber reinforced concrete remains the primary method for enhancing the load-bearing capacity of tunnel segments during the prefabrication stage. However, its widespread application is limited due to issues such as high cost, difficulty in implementing localized reinforcement, and the accelerated erosion of steel fibers by chloride ions in marine strata after segment damage.
[0004] In current tunnel segment design, tenon joints are widely used as important shear-resistant components in circumferential joints. However, the tenon typically uses only cross reinforcement as the sole load-bearing structure outside the plain concrete, while the tenon uses only spiral reinforcement. Considering that the tunnel segment joint is inherently a weak point in the load-bearing system, this under-reinforced design is detrimental to preventing joint defects. Therefore, improving the resistance performance of the tenon joint is crucial for improving the overall load-bearing mechanism of the tunnel segment joint and preventing joint failure. Utility Model Content
[0005] The utility model discloses a reinforcing structure of segment in prefabricated stage, which comprises a reinforcing structure of segment tenon and a reinforcing structure of segment mortise. The reinforcing structure of segment tenon in prefabricated stage comprises: a reinforcing cage at the segment tenon; a cross reinforcement for reinforcing the segment tenon, which is connected with the reinforcing cage at the segment tenon and at least partially located in the segment tenon; a spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the segment tenon, which is connected with the cross reinforcement for reinforcing the segment tenon and at least partially located in the segment tenon; and a crack prevention net for reinforcing the segment tenon, which is connected with the cross reinforcement for reinforcing the segment tenon and has a protruding part corresponding to the segment tenon, and the protruding part is located outside the cross reinforcement for reinforcing the segment tenon and the spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the segment tenon. The reinforcing structure of segment mortise in prefabricated stage comprises: a reinforcing cage at the segment mortise; a spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the segment mortise, which is connected with the reinforcing cage at the segment mortise; a crack prevention net for reinforcing the segment mortise, which is connected with the spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the segment mortise and located outside the spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the segment mortise; and the crack prevention net for reinforcing the segment mortise also has a recessed part corresponding to the segment mortise, and the recessed part is at least partially embedded in the spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the segment mortise. The utility model adopts the combination of the crack prevention net and the reinforcing cage to reinforce the segment tenon and the segment mortise, which are the weak parts of the shield tunnel segment when the segment tenon and the segment mortise are misaligned or are out of shape.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme.
[0007] One aspect of the utility model lies in providing a reinforcing structure of segment in prefabricated stage, which comprises a reinforcing structure of segment tenon and a reinforcing structure of segment mortise.
[0008] The reinforcing structure of segment tenon in prefabricated stage comprises: a reinforcing cage at the segment tenon; a cross reinforcement for reinforcing the segment tenon, which is connected with the reinforcing cage at the segment tenon and at least partially located in the segment tenon; a spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the segment tenon, which is connected with the cross reinforcement for reinforcing the segment tenon and at least partially located in the segment tenon; and a crack prevention net for reinforcing the segment tenon, which is connected with the cross reinforcement for reinforcing the segment tenon and has a protruding part corresponding to the segment tenon, and the protruding part is located outside the cross reinforcement for reinforcing the segment tenon and the spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the segment tenon.
[0009] Optionally, the reinforcing structure is poured together with the concrete at the segment tenon.
[0010] Optionally, the crack prevention net for reinforcing the segment tenon is parallel to the outer wall of the concrete at the segment tenon.
[0011] Optionally, the crack prevention net for reinforcing the segment tenon is overlapped with the cross reinforcement for reinforcing the segment tenon through the short reinforcing steel bar.
[0012] Optionally, the segment tenon comprises a point-shaped segment tenon, a runway-shaped segment tenon or a through segment tenon.
[0013] The reinforcing structure of the segment mortise in the prefabrication stage comprises: a steel cage at the mortise; spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the mortise, connected with the steel cage at the mortise; a crack prevention net for reinforcing the mortise, connected with the spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the mortise and located outside the spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the mortise; the crack prevention net for reinforcing the mortise has a recess adapted to the mortise, which is at least partially embedded in the spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the mortise.
[0014] Optionally, the reinforcing structure is poured together with the concrete at the mortise.
[0015] Optionally, the crack prevention net for reinforcing the mortise is parallel to the outer wall of the concrete at the mortise.
[0016] Optionally, the crack prevention net for reinforcing the mortise is lapped with the spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the mortise through short steel bars.
[0017] Optionally, the segment mortise comprises a point-shaped mortise, a runway-shaped mortise, or a through mortise.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0019] (1) Stronger local reinforcement effect: Compared with the case without reinforcement, the combined reinforcement method of the crack prevention net and the steel bars used in the utility model can provide stronger local reinforcement effect at the weak parts of the shield tunnel segment, such as the convex and concave mortises. Especially in the case of segment ring misalignment and intra-ring elliptical deformation, this reinforcement method can significantly improve the shear and bending resistance and effectively prevent structural damage.
[0020] (2) Reducing crack propagation: The combined reinforcement method of the crack prevention net and the steel bars used in the utility model can effectively inhibit and reduce the propagation of cracks and improve the overall durability and safety of the structure. Moreover, compared with the case without reinforcement, this reinforcement method can control the cracks at an early stage and prevent further development of the cracks, thereby ensuring the long-term stability of the tunnel.
[0021] (3) Convenient construction: Compared with the inconvenience of local pouring of fiber concrete, the combined reinforcement method of the crack prevention net and the steel bars used in the utility model is more convenient to construct. The crack prevention net and the steel bars can be locally installed during the prefabrication stage or the site installation stage, reducing the construction difficulty and time, and being particularly suitable for engineering projects that require rapid treatment.
[0022] (4) High cost-effectiveness: The reinforcement method of the crack prevention net combined with the steel bars used in the utility model has low cost, and the materials are easy to obtain and have low cost. Compared with the fiber concrete reinforcement method which requires a large amount of materials and complex construction process, the reinforcement method of the utility model not only reduces the material cost, but also reduces the labor and time cost, thereby improving the overall economic benefit.
[0023] (5) High flexibility: the combination of the anti-cracking net and the steel bar has high flexibility, which can be adjusted and optimized according to the specific engineering requirements. Compared with the fiber concrete reinforcement method, this method is more suitable for local reinforcement treatment in different construction environments and conditions, and has stronger adaptability.
[0024] (6) Convenient maintenance: during the operation of the tunnel, if the local reinforcement part needs to be maintained or repaired, the combination of the anti-cracking net and the steel bar is easier to operate. Compared with the fiber concrete reinforcement method, the combination of the anti-cracking net and the steel bar is more convenient to maintain, which reduces the maintenance cost and time during the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the convex and concave tenon type of the segment in the embodiment of the utility model, wherein, the sub Figure 1 (a) is a runway type distributed convex and concave tenon, and the sub Figure 1 (b) is a point type distributed convex and concave tenon, and the sub Figure 1 (c) is a through type convex and concave tenon.
[0026] Figure 2 is the actual part to be reinforced of the segment in the embodiment of the utility model, Figure 2 (a) in A is a point type convex tenon, Figure 2 (b) in B is a point type concave tenon.
[0027] Figure 3 is an isometric view of the point type convex and concave tenon reinforcement structure in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0028] Figure 4 is a top view of the point type convex and concave tenon reinforcement structure in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0029] Figure 5 is a partial schematic view of the point type convex and concave tenon reinforcement structure in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the point type convex tenon reinforcement structure in the embodiment of the utility model, wherein, the sub Figure 6 (a) is an isometric view of the point type convex tenon reinforcement structure, and the sub Figure 6 (b) is a top view of the point type convex tenon reinforcement structure.
[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the point type convex tenon reinforcement structure in the embodiment of the utility model, wherein, the sub Figure 7 (a) is a schematic diagram of the steel bar cage at the point type convex tenon, and the sub Figure 7 (b) is a schematic diagram of the cross bar for reinforcing the point type convex tenon.Figure 7 (c) is the schematic view of spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon, the sub Figure 7 (d) is the schematic view of anti-cracking net for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon, the sub Figure 7 (e) is the schematic view of concrete at the point-shaped tenon;
[0032] Figure 8 It is the reinforcing process schematic view of the point-shaped tenon in the embodiment of the utility model;
[0033] Figure 9 It is the schematic view of the point-shaped mortise reinforcing structure in the embodiment of the utility model, wherein, the sub Figure 9 (a) is the axonometric view of the point-shaped mortise reinforcing structure, the sub Figure 9 (b) is the top view of the point-shaped mortise reinforcing structure;
[0034] Figure 10 It is the schematic view of the point-shaped mortise reinforcing member in the embodiment of the utility model; wherein, the sub Figure 10 (a) is the schematic view of the steel reinforcement cage at the point-shaped mortise, the sub Figure 10 (b) is the schematic view of spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the point-shaped mortise, the sub Figure 10 (c) is the schematic view of anti-cracking net for reinforcing the point-shaped mortise, the sub Figure 10 (d) is the schematic view of concrete at the point-shaped mortise;
[0035] Figure 11 It is the reinforcing process schematic view of the point-shaped mortise in the embodiment of the utility model;
[0036] Figure 12 It is the compressed damage DAMAGEC cloud atlas of the tenon concrete corresponding to different reinforcing modes in the embodiment of the utility model, wherein, the sub Figure 12 (a) is model ①, the sub Figure 12 (b) is model ②, the sub Figure 12 (c) is model ③;
[0037] Figure 13 It is the concrete damage volume corresponding to different damage levels of the tenon tube piece corresponding to different reinforcing modes in the embodiment of the utility model, wherein, the sub Figure 13 (a) is the damage volume columnar statistical chart corresponding to different compressed damage DAMAGEC levels of the tenon tube piece concrete, the sub Figure 13 (b) is the damage volume columnar statistical chart corresponding to different tensile damage DAMAGET levels of the tenon tube piece concrete.
[0038] Mark explanation:
[0039] A point-shaped tenon; B point-shaped mortise; 1 steel reinforcement cage at the point-shaped tenon; 2 cross reinforcement for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon; 3 spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon; 4 anti-cracking mesh for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon; 5 concrete at the point-shaped tenon; 6 steel reinforcement cage at the point-shaped mortise; 7 spiral reinforcement for reinforcing the point-shaped mortise; 8 anti-cracking mesh for reinforcing the point-shaped mortise; 9 concrete at the point-shaped mortise. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0040] In order to make the purpose, features and beneficial effects of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described below are only used to explain the present application, but not to limit the present application.
[0041] In addition, in order to facilitate the description, only part of the structure related to the present application is shown in the drawings, not all the structures. And the same, similar reference signs may be used in the drawings to refer to the same, similar parts in different embodiments.
[0042] The embodiment of the present application provides a reinforcing structure of a pipe piece tenon and a pipe piece mortise in a prefabrication stage.
[0043] Specifically, the reinforcing structure comprises a steel reinforcement cage, cross reinforcement, spiral reinforcement and anti-cracking mesh at the tenon, and a steel reinforcement cage, spiral reinforcement and anti-cracking mesh at the mortise; wherein the cross reinforcement, spiral reinforcement and anti-cracking mesh at the tenon are overlapped with the steel reinforcement cage to form a steel reinforcement resistance framework of the tenon to reinforce the tenon; the spiral reinforcement and anti-cracking mesh at the mortise are overlapped with the steel reinforcement cage to form a steel reinforcement resistance framework of the mortise to reinforce the mortise.
[0044] In some embodiments, the steel reinforcement resistance framework of the tenon can also be referred to as the reinforcing structure of the pipe piece tenon in the prefabrication stage; the steel reinforcement resistance framework of the mortise can also be referred to as the reinforcing structure of the pipe piece mortise in the prefabrication stage.
[0045] When the shield tunnel pipe piece is designed, the tenon and the mortise are respectively located at the two ends of the single pipe piece along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the tenon and the mortise of each pipe piece are respectively reinforced by the combination of the anti-cracking mesh and the steel reinforcement during the pipe piece pouring process, and then the pipe pieces are assembled at the construction site.
[0046] Reference Figure 1 , there are various types of tenon and mortise of the pipe piece, for example, Figure 1 (a) the runway type distributed tenon and mortise shown in FIG. Figure 1 (b) the point-shaped distributed tenon and mortise shown in FIG. Figure 1 (c) the through type tenon and mortise shown in FIG.
[0047] Figure 2 (a) the point-shaped tenon A and Figure 2(b) Point-shaped mortise B shows the tenon and mortise of the actual reinforced part of the segment in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0048] With reference to Figures 3 to 11 The utility model embodiment takes the point-shaped distributed tenon and mortise as an example to illustrate the reinforcing structure and reinforcing method of the tenon and mortise of the segment in the prefabrication stage provided by the utility model.
[0049] Specifically, the reinforcing structure of the tenon and mortise of the segment in the prefabrication stage provided by the utility model comprises a steel bar resistance framework of a point-shaped tenon and a steel bar resistance framework of a point-shaped mortise.
[0050] In some embodiments, the steel bar resistance framework of the point-shaped tenon comprises a steel bar cage 1 at the point-shaped tenon, cross bars 2 reinforcing the point-shaped tenon, spiral bars 3 reinforcing the point-shaped tenon, and a crack prevention net 4 reinforcing the point-shaped tenon.
[0051] In specific implementation, the steel bar cage 1 at the point-shaped tenon is suitable as a main support structure; the cross bars 2 reinforcing the point-shaped tenon are connected, for example, welded, with the steel bar cage 1 at the point-shaped tenon and at least partially located in the point-shaped tenon; the spiral bars 3 reinforcing the point-shaped tenon are connected, for example, welded, with the cross bars 2 reinforcing the point-shaped tenon and at least partially located in the point-shaped tenon; and the crack prevention net 4 reinforcing the point-shaped tenon is connected, for example, welded, with the cross bars 2 reinforcing the point-shaped tenon and has a protruding part suitable for the point-shaped tenon, which is located outside the cross bars 2 reinforcing the point-shaped tenon and the spiral bars 3 reinforcing the point-shaped tenon.
[0052] When the steel bar resistance framework of the point-shaped tenon is overlapped, the requirement that the smaller diameter steel bars and the crack prevention net are fixed on the larger diameter steel bars before pouring the concrete is met.
[0053] In specific implementation, the steel bar resistance framework of the point-shaped tenon is poured together with the concrete 5 at the point-shaped tenon.
[0054] In some embodiments, the crack prevention net 4 reinforcing the point-shaped tenon is parallel to the outer wall of the concrete 5 at the point-shaped tenon. In this way, the crack propagation caused by stress concentration can be prevented, and the crack resistance of the concrete is improved. Moreover, the parallel arrangement of the crack prevention net 4 reinforcing the point-shaped tenon facilitates the accurate positioning and installation of the crack prevention net 4 reinforcing the point-shaped tenon by the construction personnel during the construction process, and ensures the construction quality.
[0055] In some embodiments, the crack prevention net 4 reinforcing the point-shaped tenon is overlapped with the cross bars 2 reinforcing the point-shaped tenon through short steel bars.
[0056] In some embodiments, considering that the size of the convex-concave tenon is relatively small compared to the thickness of the segment, and a certain thickness of the protective layer is needed between the anti-cracking net and the outer wall of the concrete, the reinforcing steel of the anti-cracking net 4 reinforcing the point-shaped convex tenon is thinner than the reinforcing cage 1 at the point-shaped convex tenon. At this time, the anti-cracking net can ensure the integrity of the outer wall of the segment while gripping the concrete.
[0057] In actual reinforcement, appropriate parameters can be selected according to the size of the segment and the design drawing to improve the resistance performance of the convex-concave tenon of the segment. For example, for a segment with a thickness of 400 mm, the diameter of the reinforcing steel of the anti-cracking net 4 reinforcing the point-shaped convex tenon, the hole spacing, and the thickness of the protective layer between the anti-cracking net and the outer wall of the concrete can refer to the following parameters. That is, the diameter of the reinforcing steel of the anti-cracking net 4 reinforcing the point-shaped convex tenon can be 1-3 mm; the hole spacing of the anti-cracking net 4 reinforcing the point-shaped convex tenon can be 2-4 cm; and the thickness of the protective layer between the anti-cracking net 4 reinforcing the point-shaped convex tenon and the outer wall of the concrete can be about 5 mm.
[0058] In some embodiments, the steel resistance framework of the point-shaped concave tenon includes the reinforcing cage 6 at the point-shaped concave tenon, the spiral reinforcing steel 7 reinforcing the point-shaped concave tenon, and the anti-cracking net 8 reinforcing the point-shaped concave tenon.
[0059] In specific implementation, the reinforcing cage 6 at the point-shaped concave tenon is suitable as the main support structure; the spiral reinforcing steel 7 reinforcing the point-shaped concave tenon is connected, for example, welded, with the reinforcing cage 6 at the point-shaped concave tenon; the anti-cracking net 8 reinforcing the point-shaped concave tenon is connected, for example, welded, with the spiral reinforcing steel 7 reinforcing the point-shaped concave tenon and is located on the outside of the spiral reinforcing steel 7 reinforcing the point-shaped concave tenon; the anti-cracking net 8 reinforcing the point-shaped concave tenon also has a concave part adapted to the point-shaped concave tenon, which is at least partially embedded in the spiral reinforcing steel 7 reinforcing the point-shaped concave tenon.
[0060] In lapping the steel resistance framework of the point-shaped concave tenon, the requirement that the smaller diameter steel and the anti-cracking net are fixed on the larger diameter steel before pouring the concrete is met.
[0061] In some embodiments, the steel resistance framework of the point-shaped concave tenon is poured together with the concrete 9 at the point-shaped concave tenon.
[0062] In some embodiments, the anti-cracking net 8 reinforcing the point-shaped concave tenon is parallel to the outer wall of the concrete 9 at the point-shaped concave tenon. In this way, the expansion of cracks caused by stress concentration can be prevented, and the crack resistance of the concrete can be improved. Moreover, the parallel arrangement of the anti-cracking net facilitates the accurate positioning and installation of the anti-cracking net by construction personnel during the construction process, ensuring the construction quality.
[0063] In some embodiments, the anti-cracking net 8 reinforcing the point-shaped concave tenon is lapped with the spiral reinforcing steel 7 reinforcing the point-shaped concave tenon through short reinforcing steel.
[0064] In some embodiments, considering that the size of the convex-concave tenon is relatively small compared to the thickness of the segment, and a certain thickness of the protective layer needs to be provided between the anti-cracking net and the outer wall of the concrete, the reinforcing steel of the anti-cracking net 8 at the point-shaped concave tenon is thinner than the reinforcing cage 6 at the point-shaped concave tenon. At this time, the anti-cracking net can ensure the integrity of the outer wall of the segment while gripping the concrete.
[0065] In actual reinforcement, appropriate parameters can be selected according to the size of the segment and the design drawing to improve the resistance performance of the convex-concave tenon of the segment. For example, for a segment with a thickness of 400 mm, the diameter of the reinforcing steel of the anti-cracking net 8 at the point-shaped concave tenon, the hole spacing, and the thickness of the protective layer between the anti-cracking net and the outer wall of the concrete can be referred to the following parameters. That is, the diameter of the reinforcing steel of the anti-cracking net 8 at the point-shaped concave tenon can be 1-3 mm; the hole spacing of the anti-cracking net 8 at the point-shaped concave tenon can be 2-4 cm; and the thickness of the protective layer between the anti-cracking net 8 at the point-shaped concave tenon and the outer wall of the concrete can be about 5 mm.
[0066] In order to better understand the reinforcing structure of the convex-concave tenon of the segment in the prefabrication stage provided by the embodiments of the present application, the position and connection relationship of the reinforcing steel resistance framework in the convex-concave tenon during welding are described below.
[0067] (1) Reinforcing cage: The reinforcing cage should be accurately placed at the position specified in the design drawing, so as to ensure that it can fully play a bearing role after being poured together with the concrete. The main reinforcement and stirrup of the reinforcing cage should be firmly welded to ensure the integrity and stability of the structure. The welding point spacing should meet the design requirements.
[0068] (2) Crossed reinforcement: The crossed reinforcement should be accurately positioned at the convex tenon to ensure that it can effectively improve the bearing capacity of the concrete at this part. The welding between the crossed reinforcement and the reinforcing cage should be firm, and the welding points should be evenly distributed to avoid stress concentration. During welding, attention should be paid to the welding quality to prevent false welding and missed welding.
[0069] (3) Spiral reinforcement: The spiral reinforcement should be wound around the concave tenon and convex tenon according to the design requirements to ensure that it works together with the crossed reinforcement or reinforcing cage to improve the bearing capacity of these parts. The welding between the spiral reinforcement and the crossed reinforcement or reinforcing cage should be firm, and the number of welding points should be sufficient and the spacing should be reasonable to ensure the overall stability and bearing capacity of the structure.
[0070] (4) Anti-cracking net: The anti-cracking net should maintain a certain distance from the outer wall of the concrete, that is, there is a protective layer outside the anti-cracking net, especially at the concave tenon and convex tenon, to ensure that it can effectively prevent concrete cracking and enhance its integrity. The connection points of the anti-cracking net should be evenly distributed, and the grid spacing should meet the design requirements.
[0071] Notes during welding:
[0072] (1) Welding quality: all welding points should meet the relevant welding standards and quality requirements, avoiding welding defects such as cracks, pores, slag inclusion, etc.
[0073] (2) Welding sequence: the welding sequence should be carried out according to the design requirements, usually starting from the main reinforcement, and then sequentially welding the cross reinforcement, spiral reinforcement and anti-cracking mesh, to ensure the stability of each part during the welding process.
[0074] Further, the utility model embodiment further provides a reinforcing method for prefabrication stage segmental point-shaped tenon.
[0075] Specifically, the reinforcing method comprises:
[0076] S10, the steel reinforcement resistance framework of the point-shaped tenon is overlapped to reinforce the point-shaped tenon;
[0077] S20, the steel reinforcement resistance framework of the point-shaped mortise is overlapped to reinforce the point-shaped mortise.
[0078] In some embodiments, the step S10 of overlapping the steel reinforcement resistance framework of the point-shaped tenon to reinforce the point-shaped tenon comprises:
[0079] S11, the steel reinforcement cage 1 at the point-shaped tenon is welded as a bearing framework, as shown in (a); Figure 8
[0080] S12, the cross reinforcement 2 for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon is connected, for example, welded, with the steel reinforcement cage 1 at the point-shaped tenon, and the cross reinforcement 2 for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon is at least partially located in the point-shaped tenon, as shown in (b), wherein the "red solid point" represents the welding point of the cross reinforcement 2 for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon and the steel reinforcement cage 1 at the point-shaped tenon; Figure 8
[0081] S13, the spiral reinforcement 3 for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon is connected, for example, welded, with the cross reinforcement 2 for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon, and the spiral reinforcement 3 for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon is at least partially located in the point-shaped tenon, as shown in (c), wherein the "blue solid point" represents the welding point of the spiral reinforcement 3 for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon and the cross reinforcement 2 for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon; Figure 8
[0082] S14, the anti-cracking mesh 4 for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon is connected with the cross reinforcement 2 for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon, and the protruding part of the anti-cracking mesh 4 for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon is located on the outside of the cross reinforcement 2 for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon and the spiral reinforcement 3 for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon, as shown in (d), wherein the "yellow solid point" represents the welding point of the anti-cracking mesh 4 for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon and the cross reinforcement 2 for reinforcing the point-shaped tenon. Figure 8
[0083] When the anti-crack mesh 4 for reinforcing the dovetail joint and the intersecting reinforcement 2 for reinforcing the dovetail joint cannot be directly overlapped, short steel bars are used to connect the anti-crack mesh 4 for reinforcing the dovetail joint and the intersecting reinforcement 2 for reinforcing the dovetail joint. Figure 8 (d) and Figure 8 In (e), the short yellow line between the two weld points (solid yellow dots) represents a short steel bar.
[0084] In some embodiments, the reinforcement method further includes:
[0085] S15, pour concrete 5 to complete the targeted reinforcement of the segment tenon, such as Figure 8 As shown in (e).
[0086] When constructing a reinforcing steel reinforcement cage with overlapping dovetail joints, the requirement is met that smaller diameter reinforcing bars and anti-crack mesh be fixed to larger diameter reinforcing bars before pouring concrete.
[0087] In some embodiments, the reinforcing steel reinforcement framework of the overlapping dovetail joint in step S20 to strengthen the dovetail joint includes:
[0088] S21, the steel cage 6 at the welded dotted tenon serves as the load-bearing skeleton, such as Figure 11 As shown in (a);
[0089] S22, connect the spiral reinforcement 7 of the reinforced dotted tenon to the steel cage 6 at the dotted tenon, for example, by welding them together. Figure 11 As shown in (b), the "red solid dots" represent the welding points between the spiral reinforcement 7 of the reinforcing tenon and the steel cage 6 of the reinforcing tenon.
[0090] S23, the anti-crack mesh 8 for reinforcing the dotted tenon is connected to the spiral rib 7 for reinforcing the dotted tenon, for example, by welding, and the anti-crack mesh 8 for reinforcing the dotted tenon is located outside the spiral rib 7 for reinforcing the dotted tenon, and the recessed portion of the spiral rib 7 for reinforcing the dotted tenon is at least partially embedded in the spiral rib 7 for reinforcing the dotted tenon, such as... Figure 11 As shown in (c), the "blue solid dots" represent the welding points between the anti-crack mesh 8 and the spiral reinforcement 7.
[0091] When the anti-crack mesh 8 and the spiral reinforcement 7 of the reinforcing tenon cannot be directly overlapped, short steel bars are used to connect the anti-crack mesh 8 and the spiral reinforcement 7 of the reinforcing tenon. Figure 11 (c) and Figure 11 (d) The short blue line between the two weld points ("blue solid dots") represents a short steel bar.
[0092] In some embodiments, the reinforcement method further includes:
[0093] S24, pouring concrete at the tenon joint 9 completes the targeted reinforcement of the segment tenon, such as... Figure 11 As shown in (d).
[0094] In the steel bar resistance framework of the lap joint type mortise and tenon, the requirement that the steel bars with smaller diameters and the crack prevention net are fixed on the steel bars with larger diameters before pouring concrete is met.
[0095] In the embodiments of the utility model, the above technical scheme is used to reinforce the mortise and tenon in the prefabrication stage, which not only can improve the shearing and bending performance of the shield tunnel segment, but also has significant advantages in construction convenience, cost benefit, maintenance and adaptability, especially in the case of local reinforcement.
[0096] Further, the utility model embodiment also carries out damage performance test to the reinforcement structure of the mortise and tenon in the prefabrication stage.
[0097] Specifically, the utility model embodiment sets up the finite element model corresponding to different reinforcement schemes through the finite element method by setting the same material parameters and shear load. The concrete grade is C55, the concrete plastic damage CDP (Concrete Damaged Plasticity) constitutive model is adopted, the elastic modulus is 35.5 GPa, the Poisson's ratio is 0.2, the density is 2.4 t / m 3 , the reinforcement cage is φ25 reinforcement, the cross reinforcement and the spiral reinforcement are both φ6 reinforcement, the elastic modulus of the crack prevention net is 210 GPa, the Poisson's ratio is 0.3, and the density is 7.85 t / m 3 , and the shear load is 250 kPa.
[0098] Model ①: only the cross reinforcement 2 of the reinforced point type tenon is used to reinforce the point type tenon;
[0099] Model ②: the cross reinforcement 2 of the reinforced point type tenon and the spiral reinforcement 3 of the reinforced point type tenon are used to jointly reinforce the tenon; at the same time, the spiral reinforcement 7 of the reinforced point type mortise is used to reinforce the point type mortise;
[0100] Model ③: the cross reinforcement 2 of the reinforced point type tenon, the spiral reinforcement 3 of the reinforced point type tenon and the crack prevention net 4 of the reinforced point type tenon are used to reinforce the point type tenon; at the same time, the spiral reinforcement 7 of the reinforced point type mortise and the crack prevention net 8 of the reinforced point type mortise are used to reinforce the point type mortise.
[0101] Taking the concrete compression DAMAGEC damage of the tenon side segment as an example, as shown in Figure 12 , it can be directly seen that the concrete damage volume based on the analysis of model ③ is the smallest. Therefore, compared with the cases of only using cross reinforcement or using the combination of cross reinforcement and spiral reinforcement, i.e. model ① and model ②, the technical scheme provided by the utility model, i.e. model ③, can effectively reduce the damage volume of the concrete.
[0102] The compression damage DAMAGEC of the concave mortise side duct piece concrete is similar to that of the convex mortise side duct piece concrete, which will not be described here.
[0103] Figure 13 (a) shows the volume of concrete compression damage DAMAGEC corresponding to different damage levels of three models. Overall, model ③ performs best at all damage levels, especially at high damage levels (0.9-1.0), the damage volume is significantly lower than that of model ① and model ②, which indicates that model ③ is the most effective in limiting duct piece damage. Figure 13 (b) shows the volume of concrete tensile damage DAMAGET corresponding to different damage levels of three models. Similar to Figure 13 (a), model ③ has lower damage volume at each damage level, especially at high damage levels (0.9-1.0), the damage volume of model ③ is significantly smaller than that of model ① and model ②, showing better damage resistance performance.
[0104] Further, the damage volume corresponding to the 0.9-1.0 damage level is counted and listed in Table 1. Table 1 shows the maximum misalignment amount, the maximum principal stress of the steel bar, the volume of concrete compression damage DAMAGEC (0.9-1.0), and the volume of concrete tensile damage DAMAGET (0.9-1.0) under the same loading condition, i.e., 250 kPa pressure, under three reinforcement conditions.
[0105] Table 1 Misalignment amount and convex mortise mechanical parameters under three reinforcement conditions under the same loading condition
[0106]
[0107] As can be seen from Table 1, under the action of 250 kPa pressure, model ③, i.e., the technical solution provided by the present application, has the best effect of limiting duct piece misalignment, and the damage volume of the concrete is also the smallest, while the principal stress of the steel bar is the largest. As can be seen, the steel bar bears part of the load, thereby limiting the damage of the concrete, and the compression damage and tensile damage volumes corresponding to the damage level 0.9-1.0 are reduced by 55.38% and 40.40%, respectively. At the same time, the misalignment amount difference is not very large, but there is a decreasing trend.
[0108] Based on the above performance tests, it can be known that:
[0109] (1) By optimizing the reinforcement, the steel bar can bear part of the load, reducing the stress condition of the concrete, thereby improving the shear and bending resistance of the duct piece joint.
[0110] (2) By reasonably arranging the crack prevention net and the fine steel bars, the development of cracks in the concrete can be effectively controlled, and stress concentration and local cracking can be prevented. This helps to maintain the integrity and sealing of the structure and reduce the occurrence of water leakage. The crack prevention net of the fine steel bars performs well in improving the crack resistance of the concrete, and in the construction process, the fine steel bars are easier to bend and form, which facilitates the accurate arrangement of the construction personnel and further ensures the durability and reliability of the structure. The analysis results also show that although the amount of misalignment is not much different, there is a decreasing trend, indicating that the optimization of the steel bar arrangement helps to limit the misalignment and improve the stability of the joint.
[0111] (3) Through these optimization measures, the shear and bending resistance of the segment joint can be significantly improved, and the cracking, breaking and water leakage and other disease problems that may occur during tunnel construction and operation can be effectively alleviated.
[0112] It can be understood that the technical scheme provided by the utility model is not limited to the type of convex-concave mortise that can be reinforced Figures 3 to 11 The point-shaped convex-concave mortise specifically shown in the embodiment can also include a runway-type distributed convex-concave mortise and a through convex-concave mortise. In the implementation process, it is only necessary to adjust the shape of the crack prevention net so that the shape of the crack prevention net is adapted to the shape of the runway-type distributed convex-concave mortise or the through convex-concave mortise.
[0113] Further, the technical scheme provided by the utility model can also be used to reinforce other similar components with shear or bending resistance.
[0114] Although specific embodiments have been described above, these embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model disclosed, even if a single embodiment is described only with respect to a particular feature. The feature examples provided in the utility model disclosure are intended to be illustrative, not limiting, unless otherwise stated. In specific implementation, one or more technical features of the dependent claims can be combined with the technical features of the independent claims, and the technical features from the corresponding independent claims can be combined by any appropriate means, not only by the specific combinations listed in the claims.
[0115] Although the utility model discloses as above, the utility model is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, can make various changes and modifications, therefore the protection scope of the utility model should be limited by the range defined in the claims.
Claims
1. A reinforcement structure for precast tunnel segments, characterized in that: This includes reinforcement structures for the segment tenons and segment recesses; among which, The reinforcement structure of the segment tenon includes: The reinforcing cage at the tenon joint; The reinforcing cross bars of the tenon are connected to the reinforcing cage at the tenon and are at least partially located inside the tenon; The spiral ribs of the reinforcing tenon are connected to the cross ribs of the reinforcing tenon and are at least partially located inside the tenon; The anti-crack mesh of the reinforcing tenon is connected to the cross rib of the reinforcing tenon and has a protrusion adapted to the segment tenon, the protrusion being located outside the cross rib and the spiral rib of the reinforcing tenon; The reinforcement structure of the segment tenon includes: The reinforcing cage at the tenon joint; The spiral reinforcement bar for reinforcing the tenon is connected to the steel cage at the tenon. The anti-crack mesh of the reinforcing tenon is connected to the spiral rib of the reinforcing tenon and located outside the spiral rib of the reinforcing tenon; the anti-crack mesh of the reinforcing tenon has a recessed portion adapted to the segment tenon, the recessed portion being at least partially embedded in the spiral rib of the reinforcing tenon.
2. The reinforced structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing structure of the segment tenon is cast together with the concrete at the tenon.
3. The reinforced structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-crack mesh of the reinforcing tenon is parallel to the outer wall of the concrete at the tenon.
4. The reinforced structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crack-resistant mesh of the reinforcing tenon is connected to the cross bars of the reinforcing tenon by short steel bars.
5. The reinforced structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The segment tenons include dot-shaped tenons, racetrack-shaped tenons, or through tenons.
6. The reinforced structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing structure of the segment tenon is cast together with the concrete at the tenon.
7. The reinforced structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anti-crack mesh of the reinforcing tenon is parallel to the outer wall of the concrete at the tenon.
8. The reinforced structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crack-resistant mesh of the reinforcing tenon is connected to the spiral reinforcement of the reinforcing tenon by short steel bars.
9. The reinforced structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The segment tenon includes dot-shaped tenons, racetrack-shaped tenons, or through-type tenons.