Low-voltage battery pack, battery management system thereof and vehicle battery management system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a low-voltage battery pack, a battery management system thereof and a vehicle battery management system. The battery management system of the low-voltage battery pack comprises a sampling chip which is used for being electrically connected with a sensing element, collecting a sensing result sensed by the sensing element and outputting a sampling signal; the gateway chip is electrically connected with the sampling chip, receives the sampling signal output by the sampling chip, converts the sampling signal into a communicable signal and outputs the communicable signal; the first communication transceiver is electrically connected with the gateway chip and outputs the communicable signal output by the gateway chip to an external control circuit of the low-voltage battery pack; the battery management system of the low-voltage battery pack is not provided with a micro-control unit.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a low-voltage battery pack and a battery management system thereof, and a vehicle battery management system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a vehicle, a low-voltage power supply of 12V or 24V can be generally used as a power supply for vehicle lights, vehicle electronic systems such as audio-visual entertainment systems, and the like. In the past, lead-acid batteries were generally used, but in order to meet the requirements of environmental protection and reduce the use of lead which is harmful to the environment, lithium-ion batteries are used as low-voltage power supplies of 12V or 24V.

[0003] However, in order to ensure the safety of lithium-ion batteries, a battery management system (BMS) is needed to monitor the lithium-ion batteries.

[0004] However, in practice, the battery management system used in the low-voltage battery is currently mostly developed by component manufacturers to develop 12V battery management systems and integrated into the battery pack to realize monitoring and protection of the battery pack. Due to differences in vehicle electrical architecture and the like, there are major differences in system strategies among host manufacturers. Therefore, 12V battery pack manufacturers need to develop products according to the needs of each host manufacturer.

[0005] The above scheme has the following problems:

[0006] 1. The cost and development of the devices of the low-voltage battery pack are increased. Since the battery pack not only needs to realize the collection and monitoring of battery data but also needs to analyze and process the data and take protective measures when needed, the low-voltage battery pack needs to have a micro control unit and corresponding software, and both the hardware cost and the development cost are high;

[0007] 2. The development collaboration is low. The current development mode is that the host manufacturer proposes requirements, and the component manufacturer develops customized software according to the requirements, and the design and development collaboration is not as high as that of the host manufacturer itself, resulting in high development cost of the battery management of the vehicle.

[0008] Therefore, the technical field needs a low-voltage battery pack and a battery management system thereof, and a vehicle battery management system to solve at least one of the above problems. Invention content

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to further reduce the cost of the low-voltage battery pack and the vehicle battery management system.

[0010] According to a first aspect of the present application, a battery management system of a low-voltage battery pack comprises: a sampling chip electrically connected with a sensing element, collecting a sensing result sensed by the sensing element and outputting a sampling signal; a gateway chip electrically connected with the sampling chip, receiving the sampling signal output by the sampling chip and converting the sampling signal into a communicable signal for output; and a first communication transceiver electrically connected with the gateway chip, outputting the communicable signal output by the gateway chip to an external control circuit of the low-voltage battery pack. The battery management system of the low-voltage battery pack does not have a micro control unit.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the battery management system of the low-voltage battery pack, a system switch is further included, which is electrically connected with the external control circuit and electrically connected with a low-voltage battery pack of the low-voltage battery pack.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the battery management system of the low-voltage battery pack, an auxiliary power supply is further included, which is electrically connected with the sampling chip, the gateway chip, and the first communication transceiver for power supply.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the battery management system of the low-voltage battery pack, the sampling chip is an analog front end (AFE) chip.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the present application, a low-voltage battery pack comprises: a battery management system of a low-voltage battery pack as described in the first aspect; a sensing element; and a low-voltage battery pack, the sensing element and the low-voltage battery pack being electrically connected with the battery management system.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the low-voltage battery pack, the sensing element comprises a voltage, current, and temperature sensing element.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the low-voltage battery pack, the low-voltage battery pack comprises a plurality of battery cells, and the sensing element is electrically connected with each battery cell to sense at least the temperature and voltage of each battery cell.

[0017] According to a third aspect of the present application, a vehicle battery management system comprises: a battery management system of a low-voltage battery pack as described in the first aspect; and an external control circuit, the external control circuit comprising a micro control unit and a second communication transceiver, the second communication transceiver being communicably electrically connected with the first communication transceiver, and the micro control unit being electrically connected with the second communication transceiver, so that the micro control unit can receive the sampling data of the communicable signal output from the first communication transceiver of the battery management system of the low-voltage battery pack.

[0018] In one or more embodiments of the vehicle battery management system, the external control circuit further comprises a driving circuit, the battery management system of the low-voltage battery pack comprises a system switch, and the driving circuit is electrically connected with the micro control unit and the system switch respectively to drive the system switch.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of the vehicle battery management system, the external control circuit comprises a battery management system of a high-voltage battery pack, and / or a vehicle controller, and / or a domain controller.

[0020] The low-voltage battery pack and the battery management system thereof and the vehicle battery management system described above can reduce the cost of the low-voltage battery pack and the vehicle battery management system, including but not limited to, standardization design, reducing repeated development, and differences in protection strategies of battery systems for each host manufacturer. The application can provide a standardized low-voltage battery pack or a vehicle battery management system integrated with a high-voltage battery pack and a low-voltage battery pack to the host manufacturer. The host manufacturer only needs to integrate its own system strategy and corresponding software scheme in the vehicle controller, domain controller or other vehicle controller according to its own needs. This reduces the development cost and research and development cycle for both the host manufacturer and the parts manufacturer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 is a structural schematic block diagram of a battery management system of a low-voltage battery pack of a comparative scheme of the application;

[0023] Figure 2 is a structural schematic block diagram of a battery management system of a high-voltage battery pack of a comparative scheme of the application;

[0024] Figure 3 is a structural schematic block diagram of a vehicle battery management system of some embodiments of the application;

[0025] Figure 4 is a structural schematic block diagram of a vehicle battery management system of some embodiments of the application;

[0026] Figure 5A and Figure 5B is a structural schematic diagram of a low-voltage battery pack of some embodiments of the application;

[0027] Figure 6 is a structural schematic block diagram of a battery management system of a low-voltage battery pack of some embodiments of the application.

[0028] REFERENCE SIGNS:

[0029] 2000 - vehicle

[0030] 1000 - vehicle battery management system

[0031] 100 - low voltage battery pack

[0032] 101 - battery pack top cover

[0033] 102 - battery pack housing

[0034] 103 - copper terminal

[0035] 104 - cell connector

[0036] 105 - cell

[0037] 106 - battery protection plate

[0038] 107 - vehicle connector

[0039] 108 - insulation film

[0040] 109 - module housing

[0041] 110 - shock absorbing pad

[0042] 200 - high voltage battery pack

[0043] 300 - vehicle light

[0044] 400 - motor

[0045] 10, 10a - battery management system of low voltage battery pack

[0046] 20, 20a - battery management system of high voltage battery pack

[0047] 30 - vehicle controller

[0048] 40 - domain controller

[0049] 1 - sampling chip

[0050] 2 - sensing element

[0051] 3 - gateway chip

[0052] 4 - first communication transceiver

[0053] 5 - external circuit

[0054] 51 - second communication transceiver

[0055] 52 - drive circuit

[0056] 6 - micro control unit

[0057] 7 - system switch

[0058] 8 - auxiliary power supply

[0059] 9 - low voltage battery DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The present application is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the aspects described below with reference to the drawing figures and specific embodiments are merely exemplary and should not be construed to limit the scope of the present application in any way.

[0061] The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the application and to incorporate it in specific applications. Various modifications, and changes can be made with respect to the embodiments described specifically herein, and the general principles described herein can be applied to a wide range of applications. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments presented, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0062] In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form, rather than in detail, in order to avoid obscuring the present application.

[0063] The reader's attention is directed to all papers and documents which are filed concurrently with this specification and which are open to public inspection with this specification, and the contents of all such papers and documents are incorporated herein by reference. All the features disclosed in this specification, including any accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings, can be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.

[0064] Note that, where used, the terms left, right, front, back, top, bottom, normal, reverse, clockwise, and counterclockwise are used for convenience only, and do not imply any particular fixed direction. In fact, they are used to reflect the relative position and / or orientation between various parts of an object. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0065] Note that, where used, further, preferably, further preferably, and more preferably are simple beginnings of another embodiment described on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, and the contents following the further, preferably, further preferably, or more preferably are combined with the foregoing embodiment as a complete constitution of another embodiment. The further, preferably, further preferably, or more preferably following a same embodiment can be arbitrarily combined to constitute yet another embodiment.

[0066] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the aspects described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments are merely exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application in any way.

[0067] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown above, in one comparative scheme, the architectures of the low-voltage battery pack management system 10a and the high-voltage battery pack management system 20a are similar. Both the low-voltage battery pack management system 10a and the high-voltage battery pack management system 20a include a sampling chip 1 and a microcontroller unit 6. The sampling chip 1 collects the sensing results from the sensing element 2 and outputs the sampling signal to the microcontroller unit 6. The microcontroller unit 6 performs corresponding calculations. For example, for the low-voltage battery pack management system 10a, the microcontroller unit 6 can receive signals such as the total voltage, current, individual cell voltage, cell temperature, and PCB temperature of the low-voltage battery from the sampling chip 1 in real time. Based on the cell current and cell temperature signals, it can calculate data such as the low-voltage battery SOC and SOH in real time and transmit them to the control units of other parts of the vehicle through the communication protocol of the communication transceiver 4. It can also monitor cell voltage over-voltage, under-voltage, and over-temperature faults based on the cell temperature and individual cell voltage. If a related fault occurs, it can send a fault alarm message to the vehicle and cut off the circuit switch if the required circuit cut-off threshold is reached to achieve a safe state. For example, if the microcontroller unit 6 detects a large voltage difference between battery cells, it can send a request to the sampling chip 1, which will then perform cell voltage equalization. Even after the low-voltage battery pack management system 10a enters sleep mode, the sampling chip 1 continues to monitor signals such as the total voltage, current, individual cell voltage, and cell temperature of the low-voltage battery, performing battery charge / discharge calculations such as ampere-hour integration. Upon the next power-on of the low-voltage battery pack management system 10a, it sends the ampere-hour integration result to the microcontroller unit 6 to update current low-voltage battery SOC and other data. Simultaneously, it monitors cell voltage and temperature. If a fault occurs, it immediately wakes up the microcontroller unit 6 and auxiliary power circuit, and transmits the fault information to the microcontroller unit 6 via the communication circuit. The microcontroller unit 6 then takes corresponding measures based on the specific fault threshold and time, such as issuing an alarm or requesting circuit disconnection. The Microcontroller Unit (MCU) 6, such as the common form of a single-chip microcomputer, appropriately reduces the frequency and specifications of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and integrates memory, timers, and peripheral interfaces such as USB, A / D conversion, UART, PLC, and DMA onto a single chip, forming a chip-level computer for different combinations of control in various applications. The implementation method of the high-voltage battery pack management system 20a is similar to that of the low-voltage battery pack management system 10a described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0068] As mentioned above, the comparative solutions require the battery pack to not only collect and monitor battery data but also analyze and process the data and take protective measures when necessary. Therefore, the low-voltage battery pack needs a microcontroller unit and corresponding software, resulting in higher hardware and development costs. Furthermore, the low level of collaboration between component manufacturers and OEMs further contributes to the high development costs of vehicle battery management.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, the vehicle 2000 may include a low-voltage battery pack 100 and a high-voltage battery pack 200. The low-voltage battery pack 100, for example, is a 12V or 24V low-voltage lithium-ion battery used in automobiles, serving as the power source for the headlights 300 and in-vehicle electronic systems, such as audio-visual entertainment systems. In contrast, the high-voltage battery pack 200 generally serves as the power source for the drive motor 400 of pure electric drive or hybrid power, for example, the high-voltage battery is a 400V or 800V power source.

[0070] Continue to refer to Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the vehicle battery management system 1000 may include a low-voltage battery pack battery management system 10 as described in detail in the following embodiments, and an external control circuit 5. The external control circuit 5 includes a microcontroller unit 6 and a second communication transceiver 51. The second communication transceiver 51 is communicatively electrically connected to a first communication transceiver 4. The microcontroller unit 6 is electrically connected to the second communication transceiver 51, enabling the microcontroller unit 6 to receive sampled data of a communicable signal output from the first communication transceiver 4 of the low-voltage battery pack battery management system 10.

[0071] It can be understood that the aforementioned external control circuit 5 refers to the external part relative to the low-voltage battery pack 100, and can be, for example, external to the low-voltage battery pack 100. Figure 3 The battery management system 20 of the high-voltage battery pack shown has the following specific structure: Figure 4 As shown, the battery management system 20 with the aforementioned external control circuit 5 as a high-voltage battery pack will be described in detail. Additionally, as... Figure 3 As shown, the external control circuit 5 may also include and / or the vehicle controller 30, and / or the domain controller 40, or even a distributed control circuit structure, or a remote control circuit. The vehicle controller 30 is a controller that controls the entire vehicle at the control level. Specifically, it can be a vehicle controller (VCU) or a body control module (BCM). The domain controller 40 (Domain Control Unit, DCU) has a similar meaning to the usual meaning in this field, that is, for example, dividing the entire vehicle into several domains such as powertrain, intelligent cockpit, and autonomous driving according to the functions of automotive electronic components, and using multi-core CPU / GPU chips with stronger processing power to centrally control each domain.

[0072] like Figure 4 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 5A , Figure 5B As shown, in some embodiments, the low-voltage battery pack 100 may include a battery pack top cover 101 and a battery pack housing 102. The battery pack top cover 101 and the battery pack housing 102 cooperate to achieve the protection level requirements of the battery pack, playing a role in dustproofing, waterproofing, and protection. The copper terminal 103 is connected to the external vehicle wiring harness to provide a current path for the charging and discharging of the battery pack. The cell connector 104 is used to connect the acquisition board with the sampling chip 1 to the cell 105 of the low-voltage battery pack 9 to establish a signal acquisition circuit. The meaning of cell 105 is similar to the usual meaning in the art, that is, it constitutes the smallest unit of the battery and realizes the conversion of electrical energy and chemical energy. The cell includes square cells, cylindrical cells, pouch cells, etc. The voltage of the low-voltage battery pack 100 is provided by the cells 10 connected in series. However, it can be understood that the low-voltage battery pack 100 may not be limited to only including cells 10 connected in series. For example, it may also be a series circuit of multiple cells 105 connected in series and then connected in parallel, or it may be a hybrid connection of series and parallel connections.

[0073] The battery protection board 106 (PCBA), integrating the gateway chip 3 and the first communication transceiver 4, provides the necessary information to the battery management system 20, vehicle controller 30, and / or domain controller 40 of the high-voltage battery pack, and performs protection functions based on vehicle signals. The vehicle connector 107 provides a signal interface between the vehicle and the battery pack protection board; the insulating film 108 isolates the cells 105 from the housing 102, achieving external insulation of the cells; the module housing 109 provides constraint for the cells, protecting the structure of the cell module; the shock-absorbing pad 110 reduces the impact of external vibrations on the cell module. The low-voltage battery pack 100 may also include other common battery pack components, which will not be described in detail here. Additionally, the low-voltage battery pack 100 may include sensing elements 2 disposed on the battery pack 9. The sensing elements 2 are electrically connected to the low-voltage battery pack 9 and the battery management system 10, respectively. The sensing elements 2 may include voltage, current, and temperature sensing elements, and are electrically connected to each cell to sense at least the temperature and voltage of each cell. Specifically, it can sense signals such as the total voltage, current, individual cell voltage, cell temperature, and PCB temperature of the low-voltage battery. Based on the cell current and temperature signals, it calculates data such as the battery's State of Charge (SOC) and State of Harshness (SOH) in real time. The specific structure of the sensing element, for example, a current sensing element could be a current-sensing resistor. When a large current flows through it, the current-sensing resistor generates a large voltage drop, which is collected by the sampling chip and converted into current data. After communication conversion, this data is sent to the external control circuit 5 for judgment; if the judgment result indicates a short circuit, a command is sent to disconnect the switch for protection.

[0074] Continue to refer to Figures 4 to 6As shown, the battery management system 10 of the low-voltage battery pack may include a sampling chip 1, a gateway chip 3, and a first communication transceiver 4. The sampling chip 1 is electrically connected to the sensing element 2, collects the sensing results from the sensing element 2, and outputs a sampling signal. In some embodiments, the sampling chip 1 is an analog front-end (AFE) chip. The AFE chip can be a common AFE chip used in lithium battery management systems, meaning its functions include collecting data on the total voltage, current, individual cell voltage, cell temperature, PCB temperature, etc. of the low-voltage battery, voltage and temperature monitoring, and voltage equalization. The gateway chip 3, for example, can convert the analog signal output by the sampling chip 1 into a communicable digital signal, and convert the digital signal into a signal of a specific communication protocol, such as the common CAN signal, but is not limited to this; it can also be SPI, I2C, UART, etc. Taking the CAN communication protocol as an example, the gateway chip 3 can convert SPI, I2C, UART, etc., into CAN signals. The collected data, after conversion by the gateway chip 3, is sent through the first communication transceiver 4, such as a CAN transceiver.

[0075] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, different Figure 1 The battery management system 10a of the low-voltage battery pack shown in the embodiment does not have a microcontroller 6. Instead, it outputs the collected data through the first communication transceiver 4, receives it through the second communication transceiver 51 of the external control circuit 5, and sends it to the microcontroller 6 of the external control circuit 5 (such as the battery management system 20 of the high-voltage battery pack shown in the figure) for related control calculations.

[0076] In some embodiments, the battery management system 10 of the low-voltage battery pack may further include a system switch 7, which is electrically connected to the external control circuit 5 and to the low-voltage battery pack 9. The external control circuit 5 also includes a drive circuit 52. The drive circuit 52 is electrically connected to the microcontroller unit 6 of the external control circuit 5 and the system switch 7 to drive the system switch 7. The system switch 7 here is a switch in an electrical sense, meaning that the switching element can provide the "on" and "off" states of the circuit. Common system switches 7 can be relays, field-effect transistors, etc.

[0077] In some embodiments, the battery management system 10 of the low-voltage battery pack may further include an auxiliary power supply 8, which is electrically connected to the sampling chip 1, the gateway chip 3, and the first communication transceiver 4 to provide power.

[0078] A specific example could be that at the start of operation, the vehicle provides low-voltage power and CAN communication to the vehicle battery management system 1000. After the vehicle battery management system 1000 performs a self-test without faults, it transmits the information to the vehicle controller 30 or domain controller 40 via CAN communication. Upon receiving confirmation that the vehicle battery management system 1000 has no self-test faults, the vehicle requests charging, discharging, and operating parameters for the high and low voltage batteries via CAN communication.

[0079] The microcontroller unit 6 of the battery management system 20 of the high-voltage battery pack receives signals such as total low-voltage battery voltage, current, individual cell voltage, cell temperature, and PCB temperature output by the sampling chip 1 in real time. For example, it calculates low-voltage battery SOC, SOH, and other data in real time based on cell current and cell temperature signals and transmits them to other ECUs in the vehicle. It also monitors for faults such as excessively high, low, or overheated cell voltage based on cell temperature and individual cell voltage. If a related fault occurs, it sends a fault alarm message to the vehicle and cuts off the circuit switch through the drive circuit to achieve a safe state if the required circuit cutoff threshold is reached. If the front-end MCU detects a large voltage difference between battery cells, it can send a request to the sampling chip 1, which then performs cell voltage equalization. Even after the vehicle battery management system 1000 goes into sleep mode, the sampling chip 1 continues to monitor signals such as the total voltage, current, individual cell voltage, and cell temperature of the low-voltage battery, and performs battery charge and discharge calculations such as ampere-hour integration. After the vehicle battery management system 1000 is powered on again, the ampere-hour integration result is sent to the microcontroller unit 6 to update the current low-voltage battery SOC and other data. At the same time, it monitors the cell voltage and temperature. If a fault occurs, it immediately wakes up the microcontroller unit 6 and the auxiliary power circuit, and transmits the fault information to the microcontroller unit 6 through the communication circuit. The microcontroller unit 6 then takes corresponding measures based on the specific fault threshold and time, such as alarming or requesting circuit disconnection.

[0080] The beneficial effects of the embodiments described above are that they can reduce the cost of low-voltage battery packs and vehicle battery management systems. This is due to several factors, including but not limited to: standardized design, reduced redundant development, and the fact that each OEM has different protection strategies for battery systems. This application provides a standardized low-voltage battery pack or a vehicle battery management system integrating both high-voltage and low-voltage battery packs to OEMs. OEMs only need to integrate their own system strategies and corresponding software solutions into the vehicle controller, domain controller, or other vehicle controllers according to their own needs. This reduces development costs and R&D cycles for both OEMs and component manufacturers.

[0081] The preceding description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. However, it should be understood that the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the appended claims and should not be limited to the specific structures and components of the embodiments described above. Various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of this application, and these changes and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A battery management system (10) for a low-voltage battery pack, characterized in that, include: The sampling chip (1) is used to be electrically connected to the sensing element (2), to collect the sensing results sensed by the sensing element (2) and output the sampling signal; The gateway chip (3) is electrically connected to the sampling chip (1), receives the sampling signal output by the sampling chip (1), and converts it into a communicable signal for output; The first communication transceiver (4) is electrically connected to the gateway chip (3) and outputs the communication signal output by the gateway chip (3) to the external control circuit (5) of the low-voltage battery pack. The battery management system (10) of the low-voltage battery pack does not have a microcontroller unit (6).

2. The battery management system (10) of the low-voltage battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a system switch (7) which is electrically connected to an external control circuit (5) and to the low-voltage battery pack (9) of the low-voltage battery pack.

3. The battery management system (10) of the low-voltage battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an auxiliary power supply (8), which is electrically connected to the sampling chip (1), the gateway chip (3), and the first communication transceiver (4) to provide power.

4. The battery management system (10) of the low-voltage battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling chip (1) is an analog front-end (AFE) chip.

5. A low-voltage battery pack (100), characterized in that, include: Battery management system (10) for a low-voltage battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-4; Sensing element (2); as well as The low-voltage battery pack (9) and the sensing element (2) are electrically connected to the low-voltage battery pack (9) and the battery management system (10) respectively.

6. The low-voltage battery pack (100) as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The sensing element (2) includes voltage, current and temperature sensing elements.

7. The low-voltage battery pack (100) as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The low-voltage battery pack (9) includes multiple cells, and the sensing element (2) is electrically connected to each cell to sense at least the temperature and voltage of each cell.

8. A vehicle battery management system (1000), characterized in that, include: Battery management system (10) for a low-voltage battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-4; External control circuit (5); The external control circuit (5) includes a microcontroller (6) and a second communication transceiver (51), the second communication transceiver (51) being communicatively electrically connected to the first communication transceiver (4), and the microcontroller (6) being electrically connected to the second communication transceiver (51), such that the microcontroller (6) is able to receive sampled data of the communicative signal output from the first communication transceiver (4) of the battery management system (10) of the low-voltage battery pack.

9. The vehicle battery management system (1000) as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The external control circuit (5) further includes a drive circuit (52), and the battery management system (10) of the low-voltage battery pack includes a system switch (7). The drive circuit (52) is electrically connected to the microcontroller unit (6) of the external control circuit (5) and the system switch (7) to drive the system switch (7).

10. The vehicle battery management system (1000) as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The external control circuit (5) includes a battery management system (20) for a high-voltage battery pack, and / or a vehicle controller (30), and / or a domain controller (40).

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