Integrated thermal management heating system for hydrogen fuel heavy truck

Abstract

An integrated thermal management heating system for a hydrogen fuel heavy truck is characterized in that a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant outlet of a compressor is connected with an out-of-vehicle heat exchanger, and an outlet of the out-of-vehicle heat exchanger is divided into two paths which are respectively connected with a battery panel heat exchanger and an HVAC; the other end of the HVAC returns to the compressor through the gas-liquid separator; the battery panel heat exchanger is connected in series in a refrigerating and heating pipeline of the battery; a second outlet of the battery panel heat exchanger returns to the compressor through the gas-liquid separator; a third outlet of the battery panel heat exchanger is connected with a D port of the four-way water valve, a B port of the four-way water valve is connected in series in a refrigerating and heating pipeline of the battery, and an A port of the four-way water valve is connected with a C port of the four-way water valve through a water path system heat circulation loop. The energy consumption of the whole vehicle is reduced, battery cooling and cab heating under the low-temperature condition can be achieved at the same time, it is guaranteed that the battery runs within the optimal temperature range, and user requirements are met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of new energy automobile battery management, concretely relates to a hydrogen fuel heavy truck integrated heat management heating system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the improvement of truck endurance mileage, the battery capacity matched by hydrogen fuel heavy truck is gradually increased. The internal temperature of the battery is one of the important indicators to ensure the battery life and operating performance stability. Even in the case of low winter ambient temperature, due to a large amount of heat generated by the battery during charging, the internal temperature rises sharply, thereby affecting the battery charging performance and battery service life. The current use efficiency of hydrogen fuel cell stack is only 50%, and a large amount of waste heat needs to be released during use to ensure that the stack works within a certain temperature range. Due to the low use efficiency, a large amount of waste heat is released from the hydrogen fuel cell stack during use, which is discharged to the environment through the radiator and the cooling fan, resulting in energy waste. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a method for solving the problem of battery cooling at any ambient temperature and reasonably using the waste heat of hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0003] Moreover, in the prior art, the cab air conditioner, battery cooling system and hydrogen fuel stack cooling system of the hydrogen fuel heavy truck are all separate and independent, which needs to occupy the appropriate and separate space of the whole vehicle. Since the air conditioner is a single cold product, the heating relies on PTC, and the electric energy consumption is large, which seriously affects the endurance mileage of the whole vehicle. The cab adopts the air-warming PTC mode, the air outlet temperature is high and not easy to control, and the noise is large. In winter, the battery needs to be cooled due to a large amount of heat generated during charging, and the cab needs to be heated, so the two systems are independent of each other and have high energy consumption.

[0004] The technology of independently arranging the air conditioner refrigeration, battery cooling and hydrogen stack component cooling system, and PTC heater, mainly has the following problems:

[0005] 1. The cab heating and battery heating each need a PTC, which is scattered and arranged, occupies a large space, has high cost and high energy consumption;

[0006] 2. The cab heating adopts the air-warming PTC mode, although the temperature rises quickly, but the air-warming PTC air outlet temperature is high, not easy to control, and the safety is low, and the energy consumption is higher; and in winter, the internal temperature of the battery will rise during charging, which needs to be cooled, and in winter, the cab needs to be heated, so the two systems are independently operated and have high energy consumption, therefore, the endurance mileage of the whole vehicle is greatly affected when running in winter cold weather;

[0007] 3. The various systems are scattered and arranged, independently operated, have high energy consumption, and do not reasonably utilize the waste heat of the hydrogen fuel stack. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0008] The utility model wants to solve the technical problem: for the prior art problem, the utility model provides a hydrogen fuel heavy truck integrated heat management heating system.

[0009] To solve the above problems, the utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0010] A hydrogen fuel heavy truck integrated heat management heating system, comprising a compressor, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant outlet of the compressor is connected with an external heat exchanger, the outlet of the external heat exchanger is divided into two ways and is connected with a battery plate heat exchanger and HVAC respectively, and the other end of the HVAC is connected with the compressor through a gas-liquid separator.

[0011] The battery plate heat exchanger is arranged in series in the refrigeration and heating pipeline of the battery, the second outlet of the battery plate heat exchanger is connected with the compressor through a gas-liquid separator, the third outlet of the battery plate heat exchanger is connected with the D port of a four-way water valve, the B port of the four-way water valve is arranged in series in the refrigeration and heating pipeline of the battery, and the A port of the four-way water valve is connected with the C port of the four-way water valve through a water system heat circulation loop.

[0012] The HVAC comprises an HVAC air conditioner box and a cold air core and a warm air core arranged in the HVAC air conditioner box, the external heat exchanger is connected with the cold air core, the other end of the cold air core is connected with the compressor through a gas-liquid separator, and the warm air core is arranged in the water system heat circulation loop.

[0013] The water system heat circulation loop comprises the warm air core connected with the A port of the four-way water valve, the other end of the warm air core is connected with a hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the other end of the hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger is connected with the C port of the four-way water valve.

[0014] A second water heating PTC is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the warm air core and the hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger.

[0015] A second circulating water pump and an expansion tank are arranged on the connecting pipeline between the hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger and the C port of the four-way water valve.

[0016] A first water heating PTC is arranged in series in the refrigeration and heating pipeline of the battery.

[0017] A first circulating water pump and an expansion tank are arranged in the refrigeration and heating pipeline of the battery.

[0018] One way of the external heat exchanger is connected with the battery plate heat exchanger through an electronic expansion valve, and the other way of the external heat exchanger is connected with the cold air core through a thermal expansion valve.

[0019] An electromagnetic valve is further arranged at the front end of the thermal expansion valve.

[0020] A blower is arranged on the cold air core.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: compared with the product of independent control operation of refrigeration, heating and heating, the product integrates the water path of air conditioner, battery and hydrogen pile part, increases four -way water valve connection cab heating system and battery thermal management system, utilizes hydrogen fuel cell stack waste heat to heat cab and battery, reduces whole vehicle energy consumption, can realize battery cooling and cab heating under low temperature condition simultaneously, guarantees battery operation in optimum temperature range, satisfies user demand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is the light truck integrated type heat management control system principle diagram of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be apparently and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model, and apparently, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without making creative labor belong to the range of protection of the utility model.

[0024] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

[0025] As Figure 1 Indicated, a kind of hydrogen fuel heavy truck integrated heat management heating system, including compressor 11, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant outlet of compressor 11 is connected with vehicle outside heat exchanger 12, the outlet of vehicle outside heat exchanger 12 is divided into two ways, is connected battery plate heat exchanger 4 and HVAC respectively;HVAC other end is returned to compressor 11 by gas-liquid separator 10;

[0026] The battery plate heat exchanger 4 is connected in series in the refrigeration and heating pipe of battery 2, and the second outlet of the battery plate heat exchanger 4 is returned to the compressor 11 through the gas-liquid separator 10;The third outlet of the battery plate heat exchanger 4 is connected to the D port of the four-way water valve 15, the B port of the four-way water valve 15 is connected in series in the refrigeration and heating pipe of the battery 2, and the A port of the four-way water valve 15 is connected to the C port of the four-way water valve 15 through the water system heat circulation loop.It needs to be explained that, in the utility model, the four-way water valve 15 can adjust the flow direction of the circulating water of the cab heating system, and can realize the functions of cab heating alone and cab and battery heating simultaneously.

[0027] HVAC includes an HVAC air conditioning box 20, and a cold air core 9 and a warm air core 14 located in the HVAC air conditioning box 20;Wherein, the vehicle outside heat exchanger 12 is connected with the cold air core 9, and the other end of the cold air core 9 returns to the compressor 11 through the gas-liquid separator 10;The warm air core 14 is arranged in the water system heat circulation loop. The HVAC air conditioning box 20 here can be located in the area such as the cab which needs temperature regulation.

[0028] Further, the water system heat circulation loop includes the warm air core 14 connected with the four-way water valve 15A port, the other end of the warm air core 14 is connected with the hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger 18 through the pipeline, and the other end of the hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger 18 is connected to the C port of the four-way water valve 15. Better, the second water heating PTC 19 is arranged on the connecting pipeline of the warm air core 14 and the hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger 18. The battery plate heat exchanger 4, the second water heating PTC 19 and the hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger 18 here jointly constitute the water system heat circulation loop.

[0029] Better, the second circulating water pump 17 and the expansion tank 16 are arranged on the connecting pipeline of the hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger 18 and the C port of the four-way water valve 15.

[0030] Further, the first water heating PTC 5 is further arranged in series in the refrigeration and heating pipeline of the battery 2.

[0031] Further, the first circulating water pump 3 and the expansion tank 1 are arranged in the refrigeration and heating pipeline of the battery 2, and the expansion tank 1 is used to maintain the water amount and pressure of the battery water system when the ambient temperature changes.

[0032] Further, the outlet of the vehicle outside heat exchanger 12 is divided into two ways, one way is connected with the battery plate heat exchanger 4 through the electronic expansion valve 13, and the other way is connected with the cold air core 9 through the thermal expansion valve 7. Better, the air blower 8 is arranged on the cold air core 9. In addition, the electromagnetic valve 6 is further arranged at the front end of the thermal expansion valve 7.

[0033] The working principle of the utility model is as shown in Figure 1 The main working modes are as follows:

[0034] 1) Air conditioning refrigeration:

[0035] The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor 11 enters the thermal expansion valve 7 after passing through the vehicle outside heat exchanger 12, throttles and enters the cold air core 9 in the HVAC air conditioning box 20, absorbs heat and evaporates into low-temperature and low-pressure gas in the cold air core 9, and then returns to the compressor 11 through the gas-liquid separator 10;The air after absorbing heat by the cold air core 9 is blown into the cab by the air blower 8 for air conditioning refrigeration.

[0036] 2) Battery refrigeration:

[0037] High temperature and high pressure refrigerant from the compressor 11 passes through the vehicle external heat exchanger 12 and enters the electronic expansion valve 13, and after throttling, enters the battery plate heat exchanger 4, absorbs heat in the battery water circuit to evaporate into low temperature and low pressure gas, and then returns to the compressor 11 through the gas-liquid separator 10; the cold water after absorbing heat in the battery plate heat exchanger 4 flows into the battery 2 for battery refrigeration, so as to ensure that the battery is within a certain temperature range, at this time A-C, B-D in the four-way water valve 15 are respectively turned on.

[0038] 3) Air conditioning + battery refrigeration at the same time

[0039] High temperature and high pressure refrigerant from the compressor 11 passes through the vehicle external heat exchanger 12 and is cooled, and then enters the thermal expansion valve 7 and the electronic expansion valve 13, respectively. The refrigerant after throttling enters the cold air core 9 in the HVAC air conditioning box 20 and the battery plate heat exchanger 4, respectively, absorbs heat and evaporates into low temperature and low pressure gas, and then returns to the compressor 11 through the gas-liquid separator 10; the air after absorbing heat in the cold air core 9 is blown into the cab by the air blower 8 for air conditioning refrigeration; the cold water after absorbing heat in the battery plate heat exchanger 4 flows into the refrigeration and heating circuit of the battery 2 for battery refrigeration, so as to ensure that the battery is within a certain temperature range, at this time A-C, B-D in the four-way water valve 15 are respectively turned on.

[0040] 4) Air conditioning heating

[0041] In the water system heat circulation loop, low temperature water flows into the hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger 18 through the second circulating water pump 17, and exchanges heat with high temperature hot water of the hydrogen fuel stack. The circulating water then flows through the second water heating PTC 19 to get the second heating, and releases heat to the air in the cab through the warm air core 14 to achieve the purpose of air conditioning heating, at this time A-C, B-D in the four-way water valve 15 are respectively turned on.

[0042] 5) Air conditioning + battery heating at the same time

[0043] In the water system heat circulation loop, low temperature water flows into the hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger 18 through the second circulating water pump 17, and exchanges heat with high temperature hot water of the hydrogen fuel stack. The circulating water then flows through the second water heating PTC 19 to get the second heating, and releases heat to the air in the cab through the warm air core 14 to achieve the purpose of air conditioning heating, at this time A-C, B-D in the four-way water valve 15 are respectively turned on. Hot water flows out of the warm air core 14 through the four-way water valve 15 to the battery plate heat exchanger 4, exchanges heat with the battery water circuit, and the hot water flows into the battery to ensure that the battery is within a certain temperature range.

[0044] 6) Air conditioning heating + battery refrigeration

[0045] In winter, the internal temperature will rise during the battery charging process and the air temperature is low, so the cab needs heating, and the system needs to realize battery cooling and air conditioning heating at the same time. In the water system heat circulation loop, low-temperature water flows into the hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger 18 through the second circulating water pump 17, and exchanges heat with the high-temperature hot water of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and then circulates through the second water heating PTC 19 to get the second heating, and releases heat to the air of the cab through the air heating core 14 to achieve the purpose of air conditioning heating, at this time A-C and B-D of the four-way water valve 15 are connected. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor 11 enters the electronic expansion valve 13 after passing through the external heat exchanger 12, throttles into the battery plate heat exchanger 4, absorbs the heat in the battery water circuit in the battery plate heat exchanger 4, and evaporates into low-temperature and low-pressure gas, and then returns to the compressor 11 through the gas-liquid separator 10; The cold water after absorbing heat in the battery plate heat exchanger 4 flows into the battery 2 to cool the battery, so as to ensure that the battery is within a certain temperature range.

[0046] The utility model discloses a height integration of air conditioning system, hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system and hydrogen stack component heat dissipation system, realizes air conditioning refrigeration / heating, and gives consideration to the cooling and heating of battery and the waste heat utilization of fuel cell, reduces the energy consumption of vehicle, reduces the weight and reduces the installation space of component under the premise of guaranteeing system function realization, saves the system cost, and makes the further promotion of whole vehicle endurance.

[0047] Specific advantages are:

[0048] 1. The cab air conditioning system, battery thermal management system and hydrogen stack waste heat system are highly integrated.

[0049] 2. The refrigeration / heating function of the whole vehicle, the cooling and heating function of the battery are realized.

[0050] 3. The air conditioning system and the battery thermal management system share the compressor, which can reduce the battery temperature while realizing the refrigeration of the vehicle cabin.

[0051] 4. When the ambient temperature is low, the battery cooling and the cab heating can be realized at the same time during the charging process of the whole vehicle.

[0052] 5. The hydrogen stack waste heat is used to heat the cab and the battery, the use of water heating PTC is reduced, and the operation cost is saved.

[0053] 6. A four-way water valve is added to connect the cab heating system and the battery thermal management system.

[0054] The preferred embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the utility model, and it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the overall concept of the utility model, some changes and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection range of the utility model.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel heavy truck integrated thermal management heating system, characterized in that: The compressor (11) is connected with the vehicle external heat exchanger (12) through a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant outlet, the outlet of the vehicle external heat exchanger (12) is divided into two paths, and the two paths are respectively connected with the battery plate heat exchanger (4) and the HVAC; the other end of the HVAC is returned to the compressor (11) through the gas-liquid separator (10); The battery plate heat exchanger (4) is arranged in series in the refrigeration and heating pipeline of the battery (2), the second outlet of the battery plate heat exchanger (4) is returned to the compressor (11) through the gas-liquid separator (10), the third outlet of the battery plate heat exchanger (4) is connected with the D port of the four-way water valve (15), the B port of the four-way water valve (15) is arranged in series in the refrigeration and heating pipeline of the battery (2), and the A port of the four-way water valve (15) is connected with the C port of the four-way water valve (15) through the water system heat circulation loop.

2. The hydrogen fuel heavy truck integrated thermal management heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The HVAC comprises an HVAC air conditioner box (20) and a cold air core (9) and a warm air core (14) arranged in the HVAC air conditioner box (20); the vehicle external heat exchanger (12) is connected with the cold air core (9), and the other end of the cold air core (9) is returned to the compressor (11) through the gas-liquid separator (10); and the warm air core (14) is arranged in the water system heat circulation loop.

3. The hydrogen fuel heavy truck integrated thermal management heating system of claim 2, wherein: The water system heat circulation loop comprises the warm air core (14) connected with the A port of the four-way water valve (15), and the other end of the warm air core (14) is connected with the hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger (18) through a pipeline, and the other end of the hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger (18) is connected to the C port of the four-way water valve (15).

4. The hydrogen fuel heavy truck integrated thermal management heating system of claim 3, wherein: A second water heating PTC (19) is arranged on the connecting pipeline of the warm air core (14) and the hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger (18).

5. The hydrogen fuel heavy truck integrated thermal management heating system of claim 4, wherein: A second circulating water pump (17) and an expansion tank (16) are arranged on the connecting pipeline of the hydrogen stack waste heat plate heat exchanger (18) and the C port of the four-way water valve (15).

6. The hydrogen fuel heavy truck integrated thermal management heating system of claim 1, wherein: A first water heating PTC (5) is arranged in series in the refrigeration and heating pipeline of the battery (2).

7. The hydrogen fuel heavy truck integrated thermal management heating system of claim 1, wherein: A first circulating water pump (3) and an expansion tank (1) are arranged in the refrigeration and heating pipeline of the battery (2). 8.The hydrogen fuel heavy truck integrated thermal management heating system of claim 2, wherein: One path of the vehicle external heat exchanger (12) is connected with the battery plate heat exchanger (4) through an electronic expansion valve (13), and the other path of the vehicle external heat exchanger (12) is connected with the cold air core (9) through a thermal expansion valve (7).

9. The hydrogen fuel heavy truck integrated thermal management heating system of claim 8, wherein: An electromagnetic valve (6) is further arranged at the front end of the thermal expansion valve (7).

10. The integrated thermal management heating system for a hydrogen fuel heavy truck of claim 2, wherein: An air blower (8) is arranged on the cold air core (9).

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