Battery packaging device

The combination structure of base, support components and separators solves the problem of high cost of battery packaging devices, makes it easy to disassemble and recycle, and reduces transportation costs.

CN223673180UActive Publication Date: 2025-12-16HANGZHOU WEIMU TECH CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202520232613.1
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2025-02-12
Publication Date
2025-12-16
Estimated Expiration
2035-02-12

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing battery packaging devices have high manufacturing and transportation costs, and the wooden crates are difficult to recycle, leading to increased transportation costs.

Method used

The battery adopts a combination structure of base, support components and partitions. The support components are arranged in multiple layers at intervals along the first direction, and the partitions cover each layer of support components one by one to form an accommodating space in which the battery is placed. Through the cooperation of the base, support components and partitions, a detachable structure is formed, which is convenient for disassembly and transportation.

Benefits of technology

It reduces the production and transportation costs of battery packaging devices, improves space utilization efficiency, facilitates disassembly and recycling, and reduces the use of wooden crates.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery packaging device, which relates to the technical field of battery packaging devices and comprises a bottom support, a support component and a partition plate. The supporting assemblies are arranged on the bottom support, multiple layers of supporting assemblies are arranged at intervals in the first direction, each layer of supporting assembly comprises at least one supporting piece, the supporting piece is provided with a containing space, and the battery is arranged in the containing space; the partition plates are arranged on the supporting assemblies in a one-to-one mode and can cover the upper surfaces of the supporting assemblies. According to the technical scheme, the bottom support, the supporting assembly and the partition plate are arranged in the battery packaging device; the bottom support is used for bearing the supporting assembly and the batteries, the supporting assembly can support the partition plates, the batteries and other parts located above the supporting piece, the partition plates can separate the batteries and the supporting assembly on each layer, and through cooperation of the bottom support, the supporting piece and the partition plates, the battery packaging device can be disassembled into a plurality of structures small in size; disassembly, assembly and transportation are facilitated, and the production and transportation cost is reduced.
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Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to battery packaging device technical field, especially in kind of battery packaging device. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the market of new energy battery is increasingly mature, the scale of each manufacturer is increasingly expanded, and the market share of industrial and commercial energy storage batteries with high volume density, high energy density and large rate advantage is gradually increased, and the production capacity is rapidly increased. In order to more efficiently transport the produced battery to each place, a plurality of batteries need to be transported in large quantities at a time, so that the plurality of batteries need to be packaged in batches at this time, so as to protect the battery from being damaged in the transportation process, and also facilitate the loading or unloading of a large number of batteries on the transportation device. In the prior art, the battery is generally packaged by using a wooden box, and the wooden box generally needs to be customized according to the size of the battery transported each time, so that the wooden box is difficult to recycle after each transportation, and the volume of the wooden box is large, which easily increases the transportation cost, thereby causing the manufacturing and transportation cost of the battery packaging device to be high. SUMMARY

[0003] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of battery packaging device, to reduce the manufacturing and transportation cost of battery packaging device.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the battery packaging device provided by the utility model comprises: a bottom support, a support assembly and a partition plate;The support assembly is arranged on the bottom support, and the support assembly is arranged in multiple layers along a first direction, each layer of the support assembly comprises at least one support, the support has a containing space for containing the battery, and the battery is arranged in the containing space;The partition plate is arranged on each layer of the support assembly one by one, and can cover the upper surface of each layer of the support assembly.

[0005] In an embodiment, each layer of the support assembly comprises at least two support members, and the at least two support members are arranged along a second direction, each support member has a containing space, and the battery is arranged in the containing space one by one.

[0006] In an embodiment, each support member comprises two support plates, the two support plates are arranged opposite to the two sides of the battery along the second direction, and the space formed between the two support plates constitutes the containing space, and the first direction intersects the second direction.

[0007] In an embodiment, the support plate comprises: vertical plates and horizontal plates; the vertical plates are arranged along a first direction, and multiple vertical plates are arranged along a third direction, the third direction intersects the first direction and the second direction; the horizontal plates are arranged along the third direction, and multiple horizontal plates are arranged along the first direction, each horizontal plate is fixedly connected with multiple vertical plates.

[0008] In an embodiment, a buffer is arranged between the support plate and the battery, and the buffer is arranged on the side of the support plate close to the battery.

[0009] In an embodiment, the bottom support comprises a support plate and multiple groups of vertical column arrays arranged below the support plate, each group of vertical column arrays is arranged along a third direction; each group of vertical column arrays comprises a bottom plate arranged along the third direction and multiple vertical columns arranged along the third direction, and the vertical columns are arranged between the bottom plate and the support plate.

[0010] In an embodiment, limit blocks are arranged on both sides of the partition plate, and the limit blocks are matched with the support assembly to limit the position of the partition plate relative to the support assembly.

[0011] In an embodiment, the battery packaging device further comprises a packing belt, the packing belt is used to bundle and fix each layer of the support assembly and the battery and the bottom support; when multiple layers of the support assembly and the battery are stacked, the packing belt bundles and fixes the support assembly and the battery and the bottom support once for each layer of the support assembly and the battery.

[0012] In an embodiment, the battery packaging device further comprises a side plate, when multiple batteries are arranged one by one on the support assembly, the side of the battery with a fan faces the same side, and the side plate is arranged on the side of the support assembly close to the fan.

[0013] In an embodiment, the outer periphery of the battery packaging device is further provided with a wrapping film, and the wrapping film is wrapped on each side of the outer periphery wall of the battery packaging device.

[0014] The technical scheme of the utility model discloses a battery packaging device, which is characterized in that a bottom support, a supporting assembly and a partition plate are arranged in the battery packaging device, the bottom support is used for supporting the supporting assembly and the battery, the supporting assembly is arranged in multiple layers along a first direction, each layer of the supporting assembly comprises a plurality of supporting pieces arranged along a second direction, the supporting assembly can support the partition plate and the battery and other components above the supporting pieces, and the supporting assembly and the supporting pieces form a containing space capable of containing the battery, the battery is arranged in the containing space and can be prevented from being damaged, the partition plate can separate each layer of the battery and the supporting assembly, and the battery packaging device can be disassembled into multiple structures with small volumes through cooperation between the bottom support, the supporting pieces and the partition plate, which facilitates disassembly, assembly and transportation, and the battery packaging device can be disassembled and recycled after the battery is transported, thereby reducing the production and transportation costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from the structure shown in the drawings without creative labor.

[0016] Fig. 1 The structure schematic diagram of the battery packaging device provided by the utility model one embodiment is provided.

[0017] Fig. 2 The exploded structure schematic diagram of the battery packaging device provided by the utility model one embodiment is provided.

[0018] Fig. 3 The structure schematic diagram of the partition plate of the battery packaging device provided by the utility model one embodiment is provided.

[0019] Explanation of the drawings:

[0020] 100, battery packaging device, 1, bottom support, 11, support plate, 12, column group, 121, bottom plate, 122, column, 2, supporting assembly, 21, supporting piece, 211, support plate, 211a, vertical plate, 211b, horizontal plate, 3, partition plate, 31, limiting block, 4, packing belt, 5, side plate, 6, battery.

[0021] The implementation, functional characteristics and advantages of the utility model will be further explained by combining with the embodiments and referring to the drawings. Specific implementation

[0022] With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of the present application.

[0023] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present application involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain posture, and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0024] In addition, if the embodiments of the present application involve descriptions of "first", "second", etc., the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, "and / or" or "and / or" appearing throughout the text means that the three parallel schemes are included, for example, "A and / or B" includes A scheme, or B scheme, or A and B simultaneously satisfy the scheme. In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of the ordinary skilled in the art, and when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, and is not within the protection scope required by the present application.

[0025] The utility model provides a kind of battery packing device 100.

[0026] Please refer to Figs. 1-3 In an embodiment of the present application, the battery packing device 100 includes a base 1, a support assembly 2, and a partition plate 3. The support assembly 2 is arranged on the base 1, and multiple layers of the support assembly 2 are arranged along a first direction. Each layer of the support assembly 2 includes at least one support piece 21, and the support piece 21 has a receiving space for accommodating a battery 6. The battery 6 is arranged in the receiving space. The partition plate 3 is arranged on each layer of the support assembly 2 one-to-one, and can cover the upper surface of each layer of the support assembly 2.

[0027] In the embodiment, the bottom support 1 is used to support the stacked multi-layer batteries 6, the support assembly 2 and the partition plate 3, and suspend the multi-layer batteries 6 from the ground to avoid damage caused by contacting the ground. The support assembly 2 is arranged in multiple layers above the bottom support 1, and has a receiving space with a height higher than that of the battery 6, so that the battery 6 placed in the receiving space will not be damaged by the upper components. The partition plate 3 is arranged on each layer of the support assembly 2 one by one, and can cover each layer of the support assembly 2 to separate each layer of the support assembly 2 and the battery 6 arranged in the support assembly 2. The partition plate 3 can evenly distribute the weight of the battery 6 and the support assembly 2 arranged above itself to the support assembly 2 below itself, so that the stress on each layer of the support assembly 2 is more evenly distributed, and the stress structure of the device is more stable.

[0028] In the embodiment, when the battery 6 does not need to be transported, the battery packaging device 100 can be disassembled into multiple components to stack the multiple components to reduce the occupied space of the device. When the battery 6 needs to be transported, the bottom support 1 is placed flat on the ground, and the battery 6 is placed in the support receiving space to form a group of battery packages. Then, the support assembly 2 containing the battery 6 is placed on the bottom support 1, and one or more groups of battery packages can be placed on each layer. After the battery packages on the bottom support 1 are stacked, the partition plate 3 is placed on the top of the support assembly 2. In the embodiment, the size of the partition plate 3 is the same as or similar to that of the bottom support 1, which ensures that the partition plate 3 can cover the support assembly 2 while minimizing the volume of the partition plate 3. The partition plate 3 can evenly distribute the weight above itself to the support assembly 2 while minimizing the occupied space. After the partition plate 3 is placed on the top of the support assembly 2 corresponding to the position of the bottom support 1, the partition plate 3, the support assembly 2 and the bottom support 1 are bundled by the packing belt 4. Then, a second layer of battery packages is placed on the bundled partition plate 3, and another partition plate 3 is placed on top to bundle them. This process is repeated until the multi-layer battery packages are packaged as needed. The battery packaging device 100 can increase or decrease the number of layers of battery 6 according to the carrying capacity of the device and the actual transportation needs. Each layer of battery package is bundled with the packing belt 4 to increase the stability of the battery packaging device 100. After the battery 6 is transported, the bottom support 1, the support assembly 2 and the partition plate 3 can be disassembled to their original state, so that the battery packaging device 100 can be transported to the next location for packaging the battery 6 again.

[0029] The utility model discloses a technical scheme through setting up the bottom support 1, support assembly 2 and baffle 3 in the battery packaging device 100, the bottom support 1 is used for supporting support assembly 2 and battery 6, support assembly 2 is spaced apart and sets up multilayer along the first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular height direction, and each layer support assembly 2 includes a plurality of support piece 21 arranged along the second direction, and support assembly 2 can support the baffle 3 and battery 6 and other components located above support piece 21, and cooperate with support piece 21 to form the accommodation space that can accommodate battery 6, and battery 6 is placed in the accommodation space to avoid being pressed to break, and baffle 3 can be spaced apart each layer battery 6 and support assembly 2, through the cooperation between bottom support 1, support piece 21 and baffle 3, so that battery packaging device 100 can be disassembled into a plurality of smaller structures, facilitate disassembly and transportation, and after transporting battery 6, can be disassembled and recycled, reduce the cost of production and transportation.

[0030] In an embodiment, each layer of support assembly 2 includes at least two support pieces 21 arranged along the second direction, each support piece 21 has an accommodation space, and battery 6 is arranged one-to-one in the accommodation space. In this embodiment, two support pieces 21 are arranged in each layer, i.e., two batteries 6 can be packaged in each layer, and the two support pieces 21 are closely arranged along the second direction, which is the horizontal direction, so that the gap between the two support pieces 21 is as small as possible, thereby making the space planning of the battery packaging device 100 more reasonable, and the overall volume of the device after packaging the batteries 6 is smaller, thereby facilitating the transportation of the batteries 6; meanwhile, the support pieces containing the batteries 6 are closely arranged, which has a certain limiting support effect on each other, thereby facilitating the subsequent binding of the baffle 3 on each layer of battery packaging cover.

[0031] In an embodiment, each support piece 21 includes two support plates 211 arranged opposite to the two sides of the battery 6 along the second direction, and the space formed between the two support plates 211 constitutes the accommodation space, and the first direction intersects the second direction. The height of the support plate 211 is higher than the battery 6 to be packaged, and the length of the space formed between the two support plates 211 matches the battery 6, so that the two support plates 211 can tightly adhere to the side wall of the battery 6 after the battery 6 is placed in the accommodation space. The height of the support plate 211 is slightly higher than the battery 6 to protect the battery 6 in the accommodation space from being crushed by the weight of the upper components.

[0032] In an embodiment, the support plate 211 comprises: a vertical plate 211a and a horizontal plate 211b; the vertical plate 211a is arranged to extend along the first direction, and a plurality of vertical plates 211a are arranged to be spaced apart along the third direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction; the horizontal plate 211b is arranged to extend along the third direction, and a plurality of horizontal plates 211b are arranged to be spaced apart along the first direction, and each horizontal plate 211b is capable of being fixedly connected with a plurality of vertical plates 211a at the same time. The vertical plate 211a and the horizontal plate 211b are arranged to intersect, so that the vertical plate 211a and the horizontal plate 211b can be combined and fixed to form a plate-shaped structure, the length of the plate-shaped structure, i.e. the length of the support plate 211, is the length of the horizontal plate 211b, and the height of the plate-shaped structure, i.e. the height of the support plate 211, is the length of the vertical plate 211a. The support plate 211 can adjust the support strength by adjusting the number of vertical plates 211a arranged within a certain length range and the number of horizontal plates 211b arranged within a certain height range, so that the spacing between adjacent vertical plates 211a and horizontal plates 211b is smaller, forming a support plate 211 with a denser structure. In this embodiment, three vertical plates 211a are arranged to be spaced apart, which support the battery 6 from the middle and both ends of the battery 6, and the height of the vertical plate 211a is slightly higher than the height of the battery 6; two horizontal plates 211b are arranged, and the two horizontal plates 211b are fixedly connected with both ends of each vertical plate 211a, and the length of the horizontal plate 211b is slightly greater than the length of the battery 6 along the third direction, so that the two support plates 211 can be arranged on both sides of the battery 6 and can also protect the edges of the battery 6, avoiding damage to the corners of the battery 6. In other embodiments, the length, width, number and spacing distance of the vertical plate 211a and the horizontal plate 211b can be adjusted as needed during production.

[0033] In an embodiment, a buffer is arranged between the support plate 211 and the battery 6, and the buffer is arranged on the side of the support plate 211 close to the battery 6. Since the battery 6 shell and the support plate 211 are both made of materials with high hardness, they are prone to be damaged due to collision during transportation. Therefore, a buffer is arranged between the support plate 211 and the outer wall of the battery 6 to buffer the collision between the battery 6 and the support plate 211 during transportation. In this embodiment, the buffer is pearl wool, which is light in texture, easy to cut and easy to fit the surface of an object, and has good buffering and shock resistance and waterproof performance, and can adapt to more transportation environments. The pearl wool is cut to a size suitable for the support plate 211, and is arranged on the side of the support plate 211 close to the battery 6, so that the battery 6 and the support plate 211 are completely separated by the pearl wool and do not touch each other, thereby protecting the packaged battery 6.

[0034] In an embodiment, the bottom support 1 comprises a support plate 11 and a plurality of groups of column rows 12 arranged below the support plate 11, each group of column rows 12 extending along the third direction; each group of column rows 12 comprises a bottom plate 121 extending along the third direction, and a plurality of columns 122 arranged at intervals along the third direction, the columns 122 being arranged between the bottom plate 121 and the support plate 11. The support plate 11 is used to support the battery 6, the support assembly 2, the partition plate 3 and other components arranged above, and the column rows 12 are used to support the support plate 11 on the ground, wherein the columns 122 are used to support the support plate 11, and the bottom plate 121 is used to be fixedly connected with the plurality of columns 122 as a whole. In this embodiment, the column rows 12 are fixedly installed below the support plate 11, and the column rows 12 are arranged at intervals along the second direction according to the load bearing requirement, and the plurality of column rows 12 are arranged at intervals below the support plate 11 to balance the stress. Each group of column rows 12 comprises the bottom plate 121 and the columns 122, the bottom plate 121 is used to contact the ground, the columns 122 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the bottom plate 121 as needed, the end of the column 122 away from the bottom plate 121 is fixedly installed with the support plate 11, and the plurality of columns 122 are fixedly installed at intervals on the bottom plate 121 to support the support plate 11 from below; wherein the number of columns 122 can be increased or decreased according to the actual bearing mass.

[0035] In an embodiment, the partition plate 3 is provided with a limiting block 31 on both sides, which can cooperate with the support assembly 2 to limit the position of the partition plate 3 relative to the support assembly 2. The limiting block 31 comprises a first limiting block 31 and a second limiting block, the first limiting block 31 is laid on the bottom of the partition plate 3 in a large area away from the position of the support assembly 2, so as to cooperate with the support assembly 2 below, so that the partition plate 3 can be limited by the cooperation of the first limiting block 31 and the support assembly 2 below, and the partition plate 3 is not easy to fall off and slide away, and the packing belt 4 can be used to bundle each layer of battery package. The second limiting block is arranged above the partition plate 3, and a plurality of support plates 211 in the support assembly 2 can be arranged in alignment through the second limiting block, so that the support member 21 can evenly distribute the mass of the upper components, so that the support structure is more stable.

[0036] In an embodiment, the battery packaging device 100 further comprises a packing tape 4, which is used to bundle and fix each layer of the support assembly 2 and the battery 6 with the bottom support 1; when the support assembly 2 and the battery 6 are stacked to form multiple layers, the packing tape 4 is used to bundle and fix the support assembly 2 and the battery 6 with the bottom support 1 once for each layer of the stacked support assembly 2 and battery 6. In this embodiment, in order to ensure the stability of the battery packaging structure, the packing tape 4 is used to bundle and fix the battery 6, the support assembly 2 and the partition plate 3 once after each layer is placed, and the packing tape 4 is wrapped around the upper surface of the partition plate 3, the opposite two side surfaces of the device in the second direction and the lower surface of the support plate 11. When the packing tape 4 is wrapped, the packing tape 4 passes through the space between any two adjacent vertical columns 122, so that the packing tape 4 is limited by the vertical columns 122 after being wrapped and is not easy to fall off, and meanwhile, the flatness of the bottom of the bottom plate 121 is not affected, thereby ensuring the stability of the packaging device on the ground.

[0037] In an embodiment, the battery packaging device 100 further comprises a side plate 5, which is arranged on the side of the support assembly 2 close to the fan when the multiple batteries 6 are arranged one by one on the support assembly 2, and the side of the battery 6 with the fan faces the same side. In this embodiment, the battery 6 is provided with a fan for heat dissipation, and when the multiple batteries 6 with the fan are packaged, in order to avoid the fan being damaged by the plate during transportation, the side wall of the battery 6 with the fan is arranged away from the support plate 211 and the partition plate 3, and the side of each battery 6 with the fan faces the same side, and the side plate 5 is arranged on the side of the device close to the fan of the battery, which is used to cover and protect the fan. The side plate 5 is a paper plate and has a certain flexibility, which can shield the fan to prevent dust from entering the battery 6 through the fan port, and has a relatively soft hardness compared with the support plate 211, so that the pressure on the fan during transportation can be buffered to a certain extent after covering the fan, thereby avoiding the damage of the fan.

[0038] In an embodiment, the outer periphery of the battery packaging device 100 is further provided with a wrapping film, which is wrapped on each side of the outer periphery wall of the battery packaging device 100. After the multiple layers of the battery 6, the support assembly 21 and the partition plate 3 are arranged on the bottom support 1 in a predetermined manner and are bundled by the packing tape 4, the wrapping film is used to wrap and protect the packaging structure in all directions, so as to prevent water and dust from entering the battery 6 during transportation and causing damage to the battery 6, and the packaging structure can be further fixed, and the battery 6 in the interior can also be further protected.

[0039] The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application, and any equivalent structural transformation made by using the content of the present application specification and drawings, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields is included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery packaging device, characterized by, The battery packaging device comprises: a bottom support; a support assembly arranged on the bottom support, the support assembly is arranged in multiple layers along a first direction, each layer of the support assembly comprises at least one support, the support has a containing space for containing the battery, and the battery is arranged in the containing space; and a partition plate arranged on each layer of the support assembly one-to-one and capable of covering the upper surface of each layer of the support assembly. Each layer of the support assembly comprises at least two supports arranged along a second direction, each of the supports has one containing space, and the battery is arranged in the containing space one-to-one.

2. The battery packaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein Each of the supports comprises two support plates arranged opposite to each other along the second direction and on both sides of the battery, and the containing space is formed by the space between the two support plates, and the first direction intersects the second direction.

3. The battery packaging apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The support plate comprises:

4. The battery packaging apparatus of claim 3, wherein a vertical plate arranged along the first direction, the vertical plate is arranged in multiple strips along a third direction, and the third direction intersects the first direction and the second direction; and a horizontal plate arranged along the third direction, the horizontal plate is arranged in multiple strips along the first direction, and each of the horizontal plates is capable of being fixedly connected with multiple vertical plates at the same time. A buffer is further arranged between the support plate and the battery, and the buffer is arranged on the side of the support plate close to the battery.

5. The battery packaging apparatus of claim 3, wherein The bottom support comprises a support plate and multiple groups of vertical column rows arranged below the support plate, each group of the vertical column rows is arranged along the third direction, each group of the vertical column rows comprises a bottom plate arranged along the third direction and multiple vertical columns arranged along the third direction, and the vertical columns are arranged between the bottom plate and the support plate.

6. The battery packaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein, Limiting blocks are arranged on both sides of the partition plate, and the limiting blocks are capable of cooperating with the support assembly to limit the position of the partition plate relative to the support assembly.

7. The battery packaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein The battery packaging device further comprises a packing belt for binding and fixing each layer of the support assembly and the battery with the bottom support, and when the support assembly and the battery are arranged in multiple layers in a stacked manner, the packing belt binds and fixes the support assembly and the battery with the bottom support once for each layer of the support assembly and the battery.

8. The battery packaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The battery packaging device further comprises a side plate, when multiple batteries are arranged in the support assembly one-to-one, the side of the battery with a fan faces the same side, and the side plate is arranged on the side of the support assembly close to the fan.

9. The battery packaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The outer periphery of the battery packaging device is further provided with a wrapping film, and the wrapping film is wrapped on each side of the outer periphery wall of the battery packaging device.

10. The battery packaging device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein ​