Roadway tunneling direction measuring instrument

Abstract

The utility model discloses a roadway tunneling direction measuring instrument which comprises a measuring shell, the measuring shell is connected with a shell cover, the measuring shell is connected with a control switch, a wireless communication module, a microcontroller, an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope and a power source are connected in the measuring shell, the shell cover is connected with a display screen in an embedded mode, and the measuring shell is connected with an L-shaped support in a rotating mode. A first rotating piece is rotationally connected between the two L-shaped supports, the first rotating piece is connected with a first fixing piece through a first telescopic rod, the first fixing piece is rotationally connected with a second rotating piece, the second rotating piece is connected with a second fixing piece through a second telescopic rod, and the second fixing piece is rotationally connected with a third rotating piece; and the third rotating piece is connected with a fixed chassis through a third telescopic rod. The system has the advantages of real-time data transmission and remote monitoring, strong complex environment adaptability, accurate and real-time measurement, convenient operation, and convenient positioning installation and equipment protection.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to roadway surveying equipment technical field, concretely relates to a roadway driving direction measuring instrument. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the roadway driving engineering, realizing the real-time accurate determination of direction is the core element of ensuring the construction to advance according to the design route and guaranteeing the construction safety and quality. At present, the precision and efficiency requirements of roadway driving operation are rising, and in the complex and changeable underground environment, such as the region with complex stratum structure and unstable geological structure, the traditional measuring instrument has obvious defects in the real-time accurate determination of direction. The measurement principle and technical means of the traditional instrument are limited, and it is difficult to continuously and accurately capture the direction change in the dynamic driving process, resulting in that the measurement result lags behind and the error is large, and the timely and reliable direction information cannot be provided for the driving operation, which seriously restricts the driving efficiency and construction quality.

[0003] In the positioning installation aspect, the flexibility of the traditional roadway driving direction measuring instrument is poor. Its structure design is often fixed, and it is difficult to make targeted adjustment according to different driving equipment, installation space and complex roadway environment. In the narrow or irregular roadway space, the traditional instrument is difficult to find a suitable installation position, and even if it is forced to install, the accuracy of measurement cannot be guaranteed, which greatly limits its use range and application effect.

[0004] In addition, the traditional instrument also has many defects in folding storage and protection. Due to the lack of reasonable folding design, the instrument occupies a large space when not in use, which is not conducive to storage and transportation in the construction site. Moreover, in the harsh environment of the roadway with high humidity, much dust and mechanical collision risk, the traditional instrument lacks effective protection mechanism, the internal electronic components are easy to be damp and dusty, and the shell is also easy to be damaged by collision, resulting in that the stability and reliability of the instrument are greatly reduced, frequent failures occur, the equipment maintenance cost and construction delay risk are increased. In summary, it is urgent to develop an instrument that can realize the real-time accurate determination of direction, be convenient for positioning installation and have good folding storage and protection function to meet the harsh needs of modern roadway driving engineering. SUMMARY

[0005] The utility model discloses a roadway driving direction measuring instrument to solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A tunnel excavation direction measuring instrument, characterized in that it comprises a measuring shell, a shell cover connected to the opening of the measuring shell, a control switch connected to the side of the measuring shell, a wireless communication module, a microcontroller, an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope and a power supply connected in the measuring shell, and a display screen embeddedly connected to the shell cover; the wireless communication module, the microcontroller, the gyroscope and the display screen are respectively connected with the power supply through the control switch, and the wireless communication module, the acceleration sensor, the gyroscope and the display screen are respectively connected with the microcontroller.

[0008] Two L-shaped supports are respectively rotationally connected to the two sides of the measuring shell, a first rotating piece is rotationally connected between the two groups of L-shaped supports, the first rotating piece is connected with a first fixing piece through a first telescopic rod, the first fixing piece is rotationally connected with a second rotating piece, the second rotating piece is connected with a second fixing piece through a second telescopic rod, the second fixing piece is rotationally connected with a third rotating piece, and the third rotating piece is connected with a fixed base plate through a third telescopic rod.

[0009] As preferably, the L-shaped support is positioned and connected with the measuring shell through a first lock rod piece, the first rotating piece is positioned and connected with the L-shaped support through a second lock rod piece, the second rotating piece is positioned and connected with the first fixing piece through a third lock rod piece, and the third rotating piece is positioned and connected with the second fixing piece through a fourth lock rod piece.

[0010] As preferably, the adjustable angle range between the measuring shell and the L-shaped support, between the L-shaped supports and the first rotating piece, between the first fixing piece and the second rotating piece, and between the second fixing piece and the third rotating piece is 0-360°.

[0011] As preferably, the first telescopic rod, the second telescopic rod and the third telescopic rod are of the same structure, the first telescopic rod comprises a positioning rod, one end of the positioning rod is connected with a positioning rod joint, the other end of the positioning rod is threadedly inserted with a telescopic rod, and the end of the telescopic rod away from the positioning rod is connected with a telescopic rod joint.

[0012] As preferably, the measuring shell and the shell cover are both made of aluminum alloy.

[0013] As preferably, the wireless communication module is a 5G communication module.

[0014] As preferably, the microcontroller is an STM32H7 series controller, and the acceleration sensor is a MEMS acceleration sensor.

[0015] As preferably, the gyroscope is an optical fiber gyroscope.

[0016] As preferably, the display screen is a capacitive touch screen.

[0017] As preferred, the fixed base disc is provided with a plurality of groups of uniformly distributed fixing holes. Advantages

[0018] 1. The utility model measures accurate and real-time: high-precision MEMS acceleration sensor and good stability optical fiber gyroscope work together, real-time detection instrument acceleration and angle change, provide accurate data for microcontroller, and then provide reliable orientation and inclination data for roadway excavation, ensure the accuracy and real-time of measurement.

[0019] 2. The utility model operation is convenient: the operation of capacitive display screen is sensitive and convenient, and the operator can intuitively check the measurement data, such as the current azimuth angle, inclination value and the like, and can also input measurement period, data display mode and other parameters according to actual demand, and the microcontroller will adjust the measurement and data processing mode according to the input parameter.

[0020] 3. The utility model can be conveniently positioned and installed and protected with equipment: the adjustable angle range between the measuring shell and the L-shaped support and between each rotating part is 0-360°, and the telescopic rod can adjust the length, so that the device position can be flexibly adjusted according to different tunneling equipment, installation space and complex roadway environment, accurate positioning and installation are realized. When not in use, by adjusting each rotating part and telescopic rod, the fixed base disc can correspond to the shell cover, the display screen is protected, the service life of the display screen is prolonged, the whole instrument is convenient to fold and store, the storage space occupation is reduced, and the risk of damage during transportation and storage in the construction site is also reduced.

[0021] 4. The utility model can realize real-time data transmission and remote monitoring: through the 5G wireless communication module, high-speed real-time transmission of measurement data is realized, remote monitoring and management are facilitated. The monitoring personnel can obtain measurement data at any time and any place, timely master the roadway excavation situation, when the excavation orientation deviates or the inclination is abnormal, adjustment instructions can be sent in time, work efficiency and safety are improved.

[0022] 5. The utility model has strong adaptability in complex environment: the microcontroller adopts STM32H7 series controller, has strong operation and processing capacity, through the built-in intelligent algorithm, the data from the acceleration sensor and gyroscope are optimized and processed, the influence of environmental interference on measurement results is effectively reduced, and the adaptability and measurement precision of the instrument in complex environment are enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 is a structural exploded schematic diagram of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 is a use state diagram of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the first telescopic rod of the present application;

[0028] Among them, the reference signs are:

[0029] Measuring shell 1, control switch 2, wireless communication module 3, microcontroller 4, acceleration sensor 5, gyroscope 6, shell cover 7, display screen 8, power supply 9, L-shaped support 10, first lock rod 11, first rotating part 12, second lock rod 13, first telescopic rod 14, first fixing part 15, third lock rod 16, second rotating part 17, second telescopic rod 18, second fixing part 19, fourth lock rod 20, third rotating part 21, third telescopic rod 22, fixed bottom plate 23, fixed hole 24, positioning rod 141, rod connector 142, telescopic rod 143, telescopic rod connector 144. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] In the description of the utility model, it needs to explain, the term "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "internal", "external" and so on indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawing, only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and not indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, a specific orientation and operation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and "third" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of the utility model, it needs to explain, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected, it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected, it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the communication inside two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances. Embodiment

[0033] As Figures 1-3 Indicated, a kind of roadway driving orientation measuring instrument, including measuring shell 1, the opening of measuring shell 1 is connected with shell cover 7, the side of measuring shell 1 is connected with control switch 2, measuring shell 1 is connected with wireless communication module 3, microcontroller 4, acceleration sensor 5, gyroscope 6, power 9, shell cover 7 is embeddedly connected with display screen 8, wireless communication module 3, microcontroller 4, gyroscope 6, display screen 8 are connected with power 9 respectively by control switch 2, wireless communication module 3, acceleration sensor 5, gyroscope 6, display screen 8 are connected with microcontroller 4 respectively;

[0034] The two sides of measuring shell 1 are rotatably connected with L-shaped support 10, L-shaped support 10 is positioned and connected with measuring shell 1 by first lock rod 11, first rotating part 12 is rotatably connected between two groups of L-shaped support 10, first rotating part 12 is positioned and connected with L-shaped support 10 by second lock rod 13, first rotating part 12 is connected with first fixing part 15 by first telescopic rod 14, first fixing part 15 is rotatably connected with second rotating part 17, second rotating part 17 is positioned and connected with first fixing part 15 by third lock rod 16, second rotating part 17 is connected with second fixing part 19 by second telescopic rod 18, second fixing part 19 is rotatably connected with third rotating part 21, third rotating part 21 is positioned and connected with second fixing part 19 by fourth lock rod 20, third rotating part 21 is connected with fixed base plate 23 by third telescopic rod 22.

[0035] Working principle:

[0036] Installation and debugging: Install the instrument through the fixed base plate 23 in the appropriate position of the tunneling equipment. According to the actual situation, adjust the angle between the measuring shell 1, the L-shaped support 10, the first rotating part 12, the second rotating part 17 and the third rotating part 21 by adjusting the first locking rod 11, the second locking rod 13, the third locking rod 16 and the fourth locking rod 20. At the same time, make the instrument reach the best measurement position by adjusting the length of the first telescopic rod 14, the second telescopic rod 18 and the third telescopic rod 22. Then connect the power supply, initialize and calibrate the microcontroller 4, the acceleration sensor 5, the gyroscope 6, the wireless communication module 3 and other components to ensure the normal operation of the instrument.

[0037] Measurement work: During the tunneling process, the acceleration sensor 5 detects the acceleration changes of the instrument in real time, and the gyroscope 6 detects the angle changes of the instrument in real time. These data are transmitted to the microcontroller 4 in real time. The microcontroller 4 analyzes and processes the data from the acceleration sensor 5 and the gyroscope 6 through the built-in intelligent algorithm to calculate the orientation and inclination data of the tunneling. At the same time, the display screen 8 displays the measurement data in real time, which is convenient for the operator to check at any time.

[0038] Data transmission and remote monitoring: The microcontroller 4 transmits the processed measurement data to the remote monitoring center through the wireless communication module 3 in real time. The monitoring personnel can understand the orientation and inclination of the tunneling in real time at the remote monitoring center, find problems in time and make adjustments, which improves the work efficiency and safety.

[0039] Device storage: When the instrument is not in use, adjust the rotating parts and telescopic rods so that the fixed base plate 23 corresponds to the shell cover 7, thereby protecting the display screen 8 inside the shell cover 7, and then properly store the instrument. Embodiment

[0040] As shown in Figures 1-3 A tunneling orientation measuring instrument, comprising a measuring shell 1, a shell cover 7 connected to the opening of the measuring shell 1, a control switch 2 connected to the side of the measuring shell 1, a wireless communication module 3, a microcontroller 4, an acceleration sensor 5, a gyroscope 6 and a power supply 9 connected inside the measuring shell 1, a display screen 8 embedded in the shell cover 7, the wireless communication module 3, the microcontroller 4, the gyroscope 6 and the display screen 8 are connected with the power supply 9 through the control switch 2 respectively, and the wireless communication module 3, the acceleration sensor 5, the gyroscope 6 and the display screen 8 are connected with the microcontroller 4 respectively.

[0041] The two sides of the measuring shell 1 are respectively rotationally connected with L-shaped supports 10, the L-shaped supports 10 are positioned and connected with the measuring shell 1 through first locking rod members 11, two groups of L-shaped supports 10 are rotationally connected with a first rotating member 12, the first rotating member 12 is positioned and connected with the L-shaped supports 10 through a second locking rod member 13, the first rotating member 12 is connected with a first fixing member 15 through a first telescopic rod 14, the first fixing member 15 is rotationally connected with a second rotating member 17, the second rotating member 17 is positioned and connected with the first fixing member 15 through a third locking rod member 16, the second rotating member 17 is connected with a second fixing member 19 through a second telescopic rod 18, the second fixing member 19 is rotationally connected with a third rotating member 21, the third rotating member 21 is positioned and connected with the second fixing member 19 through a fourth locking rod member 20, and the third rotating member 21 is connected with a fixed base plate 23 through a third telescopic rod 22.

[0042] The measuring shell 1 and the shell cover 7 are both made of aluminum alloy.

[0043] The above arrangement has the following advantages:

[0044] Light weight: The density of aluminum alloy is relatively small, which reduces the weight of the entire instrument. In the tunnel excavation construction scene, it is convenient for workers to carry and install the instrument. Whether in narrow tunnels or in special locations such as high places, lighter instruments can reduce the labor intensity of workers, improve work efficiency, and reduce the difficulty of installation and safety risks caused by heavy equipment.

[0045] High strength: Aluminum alloy has high strength and can withstand a certain degree of external impact and extrusion. In the tunnel environment, the instrument may be collided by construction equipment, impacted by falling stones, etc. The high-strength aluminum alloy shell can effectively protect the precise electronic components such as the wireless communication module 3, the microcontroller 4, the acceleration sensor 5, and the gyroscope 6 inside, ensure that the instrument can still work normally under complex construction conditions, reduce instrument failure caused by shell damage, and improve the reliability and stability of the instrument.

[0046] Corrosion resistance: The humidity in the tunnel is large, and there may be corrosive gases or liquids. Aluminum alloy has good corrosion resistance and can resist the corrosion of humid environments and corrosive substances, preventing the shell from rusting and corroding, prolonging the service life of the instrument, reducing equipment maintenance costs, and ensuring that the instrument operates stably for a long time, providing continuous and reliable support for real-time and accurate measurement of the tunnel excavation direction.

[0047] The adjustable angle range between the measuring shell 1 and the L-shaped supports 10, between the L-shaped supports 10 and the first rotating member 12, between the first fixing member 15 and the second rotating member 17, and between the second fixing member 19 and the third rotating member 21 is 0-360°.

[0048] The above arrangement has the following advantages:

[0049] Flexible adaptation to various installation environments: In the tunnel excavation project, the installation space and equipment layout are complex and variable, and there may be narrow spaces, irregular corners or special angle installation requirements. The 360° adjustable angle allows the instrument to rotate in all directions, adapting to different installation positions, such as adjusting the measurement shell 1 to fit the tunnel wall, or allowing the fixed chassis 23 to adapt to the surface of the excavation equipment at different inclination angles, ensuring that the instrument is securely installed and works normally.

[0050] Meet complex measurement requirements: During the tunnel excavation process, data may need to be obtained from different directions and angles to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the measurement. The multi-angle adjustment function allows the instrument to easily adjust the measurement angle, regardless of the change in excavation direction, to timely capture the azimuth and inclination data, providing accurate measurement support for construction.

[0051] Convenient storage and protection: When the instrument is not in use, the components can be rotated to a specific angle, with the fixed chassis 23 corresponding to the shell cover 7, effectively protecting the display screen 8. At the same time, the 360° adjustable nature allows the instrument to be folded into a compact shape, reducing the storage space occupied and facilitating storage and transportation on the construction site.

[0052] As shown in Figure 4 , the first telescopic rod 14, the second telescopic rod 18 and the third telescopic rod 22 have the same structure. The first telescopic rod 14 includes a positioning rod 141, one end of the positioning rod 141 is connected with a fixed rod joint 142, the other end of the positioning rod 141 is threadedly inserted with a telescopic rod 143, and the end of the telescopic rod 143 away from the positioning rod 141 is connected with a telescopic rod joint 144.

[0053] The advantages of the above arrangement are:

[0054] Flexible adjustment of length: Through the threaded insertion method, the telescopic rod 143 can be adjusted in length on the positioning rod 141. In the complex environment of tunnel excavation, different installation positions and measurement requirements may require the instrument to be fixed or measured at different distances. For example, when there is a difference in distance between the installation position and the measurement target, the relative position of the telescopic rod 143 with the positioning rod 141 can be changed by rotating the telescopic rod 143, thereby accurately adjusting the overall length of the telescopic rod, ensuring that the instrument can accurately reach the required position and achieve the best measurement effect.

[0055] Convenient installation: The design of the fixed rod joint 142 and the telescopic rod joint 144 allows the telescopic rod to be easily connected with other components. The fixed rod joint 142 can be quickly and stably connected with the previous component, and the telescopic rod joint 144 can be tightly connected with the subsequent component, simplifying the installation process, improving the assembly efficiency of the instrument on site, and reducing the installation time and labor cost.

[0056] Structural stability: The threaded plug-in connection provides reliable fastening force, allowing the telescopic rod to withstand certain tension and pressure during use, and is not prone to loosening. During roadway excavation, the instrument may be subjected to external forces such as vibration and impact. This stable structure design can ensure that the telescopic rod remains stable in complex working conditions, ensuring the integrity of the overall structure of the instrument, and thus ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

[0057] Easy maintenance and replacement: Since each telescopic rod has the same structure, its components are universal. When a telescopic rod is damaged, it is easy to find replacement parts for replacement, reducing maintenance difficulty and cost. At the same time, this simple and clear structure also facilitates fault diagnosis and maintenance operations for maintenance personnel, improving the maintainability of the instrument and reducing construction delays caused by equipment failure.

[0058] Enhanced adaptability: Telescopic rods with adjustable length combined with other components further enhance the adaptability of the instrument in different roadway environments and measurement tasks. It can flexibly adjust the spatial layout and positional relationship of the instrument according to actual conditions to meet diverse measurement needs, so that the instrument can perform best in various complex conditions.

[0059] The fixed base plate 23 is provided with multiple groups of evenly distributed fixing holes 24.

[0060] The advantages of the above arrangement are:

[0061] Flexible installation and positioning: The shape, size, and surface structure of the roadway excavation equipment vary. Multiple groups of evenly distributed fixing holes 24 allow the instrument to adapt to different installation points. For example, when installing at different parts of the tunneling machine or at specific locations on the roadway wall, there is always a suitable fixing hole 24 to align with the pre-set installation point, achieving precise positioning and installation of the instrument, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the measurement.

[0062] Suitable for multiple fixing methods: These fixing holes 24 can be combined with different types of fixing members such as bolts, screws, and pins. Depending on actual installation needs and site conditions, appropriate fixing methods can be selected flexibly. For example, in areas that need to withstand large vibrations, bolts can be used for fastening; while in some situations where speed of installation and disassembly is required, pin connections are more convenient. This flexibility improves the installation convenience of the instrument in different application scenarios.

[0063] Enhanced installation stability: The evenly distributed fixing holes 24 ensure a more uniform connection between the mounting base 23 and the mounting surface. When multiple fasteners are used to secure the instrument through the fixing holes 24, external forces such as vibration and impact experienced by the instrument during operation can be dispersed, thereby enhancing the overall installation stability of the instrument. During tunnel excavation, the equipment will generate continuous vibration; a stable installation can effectively prevent the instrument from becoming loose and affecting measurement accuracy.

[0064] Easy adjustment of installation angle: During installation, if fine adjustments to the instrument's angle are required, this can be achieved using the mounting holes 24 at different positions. By selecting different mounting holes 24 for fixing, the instrument's tilt angle or direction can be changed to meet the installation angle requirements of different measurement tasks, eliminating the need for complex angle adjustments to the instrument itself, making operation simpler and faster. Example

[0065] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a tunnel excavation orientation measuring instrument includes a measuring housing 1, a housing cover 7 connected to the opening of the measuring housing 1, a control switch 2 connected to the side of the measuring housing 1, a wireless communication module 3, a microcontroller 4, an accelerometer 5, a gyroscope 6, and a power supply 9 connected inside the measuring housing 1, and a display screen 8 embedded in the housing cover 7. The wireless communication module 3, the microcontroller 4, the gyroscope 6, and the display screen 8 are respectively connected to the power supply 9 through the control switch 2, and the wireless communication module 3, the accelerometer 5, the gyroscope 6, and the display screen 8 are respectively connected to the microcontroller 4.

[0066] L-shaped brackets 10 are rotatably connected to both sides of the measuring housing 1. The L-shaped brackets 10 are positioned and connected to the measuring housing 1 via a first locking rod 11. A first rotating component 12 is rotatably connected between the two sets of L-shaped brackets 10. The first rotating component 12 is positioned and connected to the L-shaped brackets 10 via a second locking rod 13. The first rotating component 12 is connected to a first fixing component 15 via a first telescopic rod 14. The first fixing component 15 is rotatably connected to a second rotating component 17. The second rotating component 17 is positioned and connected to the first fixing component 15 via a third locking rod 16. The second rotating component 17 is connected to a second fixing component 19 via a second telescopic rod 18. The second fixing component 19 is rotatably connected to a third rotating component 21. The third rotating component 21 is positioned and connected to the second fixing component 19 via a fourth locking rod 20. The third rotating component 21 is connected to a fixed base 23 via a third telescopic rod 22.

[0067] Wireless communication module 3 is a 5G communication module.

[0068] The advantages of the above settings are:

[0069] High-speed data transmission: The 5G communication module has extremely high data transmission speed, which can quickly transmit the large amount of measurement data collected by the acceleration sensor 5, gyroscope 6, etc. and the results processed by the microcontroller 4 to the remote monitoring center in real time. In the process of tunnel excavation, real-time and large amount of data is crucial for accurately grasping the excavation direction and state. High-speed transmission ensures that data is transmitted without delay or with minimal delay, allowing monitoring personnel to obtain accurate information in a timely manner, identify and solve potential problems in a timely manner, and avoid decision-making errors caused by data lag.

[0070] Low-latency response: The low-latency feature of 5G allows the remote monitoring center to quickly transmit control instructions to the instrument. When monitoring personnel determine that instrument parameters or excavation direction need to be adjusted based on measurement data, the instructions can be quickly fed back to the instrument end, and the microcontroller 4 can respond in a timely manner. This instant interaction greatly improves work efficiency and the ability to respond to unexpected situations, effectively ensuring the smooth progress of tunnel excavation.

[0071] High reliability: 5G communication technology uses advanced encoding, modulation, and error correction techniques, with stronger anti-interference ability, which can maintain stable communication connection in the complex electromagnetic environment of the tunnel. There are various electrical equipment in the tunnel, which can easily cause electromagnetic interference. The 5G communication module can effectively resist these interferences, ensuring the accuracy and integrity of data transmission, reducing data loss or errors, and ensuring reliable transmission of measurement data to the remote monitoring center.

[0072] Supporting a large number of device connections: In modern tunnel excavation scenarios, multiple different types of monitoring devices are often deployed. The 5G communication module has large-capacity connection characteristics, which can meet the needs of instruments and other devices accessing the network simultaneously, facilitating the construction of a comprehensive monitoring system. Data sharing and collaborative work between devices can provide more comprehensive and accurate data analysis for tunnel excavation, helping to make more scientific decisions.

[0073] Adapting to future development: With the advancement of intelligent mine construction, the demand for data transmission and device interconnection will continue to increase. As a new generation of communication technology, 5G has good technical scalability and compatibility. By choosing a 5G communication module, the instrument can adapt to the trend of technological development in the future period of time, without the need to frequently replace communication modules to meet the growing demand for data transmission, protecting the initial investment, and having high cost performance and foresight.

[0074] The microcontroller 4 is an STM32H7 series controller.

[0075] The advantages of the above arrangement are:

[0076] Strong processing power

[0077] High-performance Core: The STM32H7 series adopts the ARM Cortex-M7 core, which can provide a clock speed of up to 480MHz, with excellent computing power and data processing speed. This allows it to quickly process large amounts of data from various sensors such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, and other sensors, and perform complex calculations and analyses in real time, ensuring accurate and real-time measurement of the tunnel excavation direction, providing accurate data support for subsequent control and decision-making.

[0078] Dual Instruction Cache: The series controller is equipped with a dual instruction cache that can cache both Thumb and ARM instructions simultaneously, further improving instruction execution efficiency and reducing instruction acquisition time, allowing for more efficient handling of multiple tasks and complex algorithms, meeting the high requirements of the system for real-time performance and response speed.

[0079] Rich Peripheral Interfaces

[0080] Multiple Communication Interfaces: The STM32H7 series integrates a variety of communication interfaces such as SPI, I2C, USB, CAN, Ethernet, etc. This allows it to easily connect and communicate with various external devices such as 5G communication modules, displays, storage devices, etc., achieving functions such as data transmission, storage, and display. For example, it can quickly interact with 5G communication modules through the SPI interface to send processed data in a timely manner, and communicate with accelerometers and gyroscopes through the I2C interface to obtain accurate measurement data.

[0081] Large Number of GPIO Pins: It has a large number of general-purpose input / output pins that can be flexibly configured to connect various external devices or sensors, meeting the diverse needs of different application scenarios. For example, it can be connected to buttons, indicator lights, etc. to achieve human-computer interaction functions, or other control signals to accurately control other parts of the instrument.

[0082] Low Power Consumption Management

[0083] Multiple Low Power Consumption Modes: It has multiple low power consumption modes such as sleep mode, stop mode, and standby mode, etc. During non-working periods of the tunnel excavation equipment or in some specific low power consumption scenarios, the microcontroller can enter the corresponding low power consumption mode, greatly reducing the energy consumption of the system, prolonging the battery life of the device or reducing overall energy consumption, improving the energy utilization efficiency of the device, and reducing operating costs.

[0084] Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling: It supports dynamic voltage and frequency scaling technology, which can automatically adjust the operating voltage and frequency according to the system load, minimizing power consumption while ensuring performance. For example, when processing less data or performing simple tasks, it reduces voltage and frequency to reduce energy consumption, while when high computing power is needed, it quickly increases voltage and frequency to meet performance requirements.

[0085] High reliability and stability

[0086] Industrial-grade standards: STM32H7 series meets industrial-grade standards, with high anti-interference ability and stability, capable of reliable operation in harsh industrial environments such as tunnels. It has good electromagnetic compatibility, can effectively resist electromagnetic interference in the tunnel, ensure the accuracy of data processing and transmission, avoid system failure or data error caused by interference.

[0087] Rich safety features: integrated with multiple safety features such as encryption and decryption modules, digital signatures, hardware random number generators, etc., which can be used to protect sensitive data and communication security in the system, prevent data leakage and illegal access, ensure data security and system stability during tunnel excavation orientation measurement.

[0088] Rich development resources

[0089] Software libraries and toolchains: ST provides rich software libraries and development toolchains for STM32H7 series, including standard peripheral libraries, HAL libraries, etc. These library functions can greatly simplify the development process, reduce development difficulty, and improve development efficiency. Developers can quickly implement various functions using these resources, shortening the product development cycle.

[0090] Community support and abundant resources: there is a large user community and abundant technical resources support, developers can share experiences, exchange problems in the community, and obtain a large amount of open source code and application cases. This is very helpful for technology research and problem solving, which can accelerate the development and implementation of projects, reduce development costs and risks.

[0091] The acceleration sensor 5 is a MEMS acceleration sensor.

[0092] The advantages of the above arrangement are:

[0093] Small size and light weight

[0094] Easy to integrate: MEMS acceleration sensors are usually very small in size, generally only a few square millimeters or even smaller, and extremely light in weight. This makes it easy to integrate into the narrow space of the tunnel excavation orientation real-time precision measurement instrument, without causing too much impact on the overall structure and layout of the instrument, which is conducive to realizing the miniaturization and portability of the instrument, facilitating its use in different excavation scenarios.

[0095] Little impact on the system: due to its light weight, after installation on the device, it hardly adds any additional burden to the device, and does not affect the motion state and performance of the device, ensuring that the instrument remains stable during measurement, without causing deviation or error due to the weight of the sensor.

[0096] Low cost

[0097] Large-scale production advantage: MEMS acceleration sensor adopts mature semiconductor manufacturing process, can be mass-produced on the same wafer, high production efficiency, relatively low cost. This makes it possible to effectively control the cost of large-scale deployment of tunnel excavation orientation real-time precision measuring instruments, reduce the investment of the whole project, and improve the economic benefit.

[0098] High cost performance: Lower cost does not mean lower performance, MEMS acceleration sensor can provide higher measurement accuracy and reliability at relatively low price, has higher cost performance, can provide more economical and practical solution for users, reduce cost expenditure while ensuring measurement accuracy.

[0099] Low power consumption

[0100] Adapt to battery power supply: MEMS acceleration sensor usually only needs a little power to work normally, the power consumption is generally in the order of microwatt. In the tunnel excavation scene, many devices may need to rely on battery power supply, low-power MEMS acceleration sensor can greatly prolong the battery life of the device, reduce the frequency of replacing the battery or charging, improve the use convenience and working efficiency of the device, and reduce the maintenance cost.

[0101] Reduce heat: Low power consumption also means less heat generated during work, which will not cause the temperature of the device to be too high due to long-time work, thereby affecting the performance or life of other components, which helps to improve the stability and reliability of the whole instrument system.

[0102] Fast response speed

[0103] Real-time monitoring: MEMS acceleration sensor can quickly respond to changes in acceleration, with high sampling frequency, can capture the small acceleration changes of the device in the tunnel excavation process in real time, provide accurate data support for real-time accurate orientation measurement. For example, when the excavation equipment turns or encounters geological changes, it can quickly perceive and transmit data to the microcontroller for processing, and adjust the excavation direction in time.

[0104] Good dynamic performance: Fast response speed makes it possible to accurately measure rapidly changing acceleration signals, and it can accurately measure and analyze dynamic impact, vibration and other situations in the tunnel excavation process, which helps to discover abnormal situations in the operation of the device in time, and ensures the safety and smooth progress of the excavation work.

[0105] High reliability

[0106] Solid-state structure: MEMS acceleration sensors adopt a solid-state structure, without the moving parts in traditional mechanical sensors, reducing the risk of failure due to mechanical wear, looseness, etc., with high reliability and stability. In the harsh working environment of the tunnel, it can withstand greater vibration and impact, and is not easy to damage, ensuring long-term stable work.

[0107] Strong anti-interference ability: Through optimization design and adoption of advanced manufacturing process, MEMS acceleration sensor has good anti-electromagnetic interference and anti-noise ability, can accurately measure acceleration signal in the complex electromagnetic environment in the tunnel, not affected by the surrounding electrical equipment, ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement data.

[0108] Multi-functional integration

[0109] Multi-parameter measurement: Some MEMS acceleration sensors can integrate other functions such as angular velocity measurement, temperature measurement, etc. in addition to acceleration measurement. This enables more information related to the environment and device status to be obtained simultaneously when determining the tunnel excavation orientation, providing support for more comprehensive and accurate data analysis, helping to improve the accuracy and reliability of orientation determination.

[0110] High system integration: Multi-functional integrated MEMS acceleration sensors can reduce the number of sensors in the instrument, simplify the system structure, improve the system integration, reduce the complexity and cost of the system, and also help to improve the stability and reliability of the system, as the number of connection and interaction between components is reduced, reducing the number of failure points.

[0111] The gyroscope 6 is an optical fiber gyroscope.

[0112] The advantages of the above arrangement are:

[0113] High precision

[0114] High sensitivity: Optical fiber gyroscope uses Sagnac effect of light propagation in optical fiber to measure angular velocity, with extremely high sensitivity to small angle changes, can accurately detect extremely small rotational motion, providing high-precision angle measurement data for accurate determination of tunnel excavation orientation, helping to ensure the accuracy of excavation direction and reduce deviation.

[0115] Low drift: Compared with other types of gyroscopes, optical fiber gyroscope has lower drift characteristics, i.e. its measurement output changes very little over time. This means that during long-term tunnel excavation, it can maintain stable measurement accuracy and will not produce large cumulative errors over time, ensuring long-term accuracy and reliability of orientation determination.

[0116] High reliability

[0117] No moving parts: There are no mechanical rotating parts inside the fiber-optic gyroscope, and there is no problem of component damage caused by mechanical wear, vibration, etc. This greatly reduces the probability of failure. In such a harsh working environment as tunneling, it can better withstand external forces such as vibration and impact, maintain a stable working state, reduce the frequency of maintenance and replacement, and improve the reliability and operating efficiency of the entire system.

[0118] Solid structure: It is composed of solid optical fibers and optical devices, with compact and solid structure, strong anti-interference ability and environmental adaptability. It can work normally in various complex environmental conditions such as high temperature, low temperature and humidity, and is not easily affected by electromagnetic interference, dust and oil, etc. It ensures accurate measurement of angle information in different geological conditions and working environments.

[0119] Fast response

[0120] Short start-up time: The fiber-optic gyroscope has extremely short start-up time and can quickly enter working state after the device is powered on, providing accurate angle measurement data quickly. This is very important for tunneling equipment, as it can determine the orientation immediately after the device is started, improving work efficiency and reducing waiting time.

[0121] High dynamic performance: It can quickly track changes in angular velocity and accurately measure changes in angle during dynamic operations such as rapid turning and speed changes in tunneling equipment, providing real-time feedback information to the control system, allowing the device to quickly adjust and ensure smooth and safe tunneling.

[0122] Wide measurement range

[0123] Adapts to various working conditions: The fiber-optic gyroscope can cover a wide range of measurements from very low angular velocity to higher angular velocity, meeting the needs of various motion states during tunneling. Whether it is low angular velocity measurement during slow adjustment of the device or high angular velocity measurement during rapid turning due to special geological conditions, it can accurately provide measurement data, with strong versatility and adaptability.

[0124] Accurate measurement of large angle changes: During tunneling, the device may undergo large angle turning, and the fiber-optic gyroscope can maintain high accuracy within a wide measurement range, accurately measuring large angle changes and providing reliable basis for accurate judgment and control of tunneling orientation, ensuring that the tunnel is constructed according to design requirements.

[0125] Anti-electromagnetic interference

[0126] Optical measurement principle: The optical fiber gyroscope is based on optical principle for measurement, and the optical signal is transmitted in the optical fiber, which is not affected by electromagnetic interference. In the case of a large number of electrical equipment and complex electromagnetic environment in the tunnel, the optical fiber gyroscope can work stably and is not disturbed by the surrounding electromagnetic field, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the measurement data and avoiding measurement errors and errors caused by electromagnetic interference.

[0127] Good electromagnetic compatibility: Due to its anti-electromagnetic interference characteristics, the optical fiber gyroscope has good electromagnetic compatibility with other electronic devices, which will not interfere with the surrounding equipment and will not be disturbed by other equipment, which is conducive to the stable operation of the whole tunnel excavation orientation measurement system, and improves the overall performance and reliability of the system.

[0128] Long service life

[0129] Stable optical components: The optical fiber and optical devices in the optical fiber gyroscope have a long service life under normal working conditions, and their performance can remain stable for many years as long as they are not severely damaged by external forces. This makes the optical fiber gyroscope not need to be replaced frequently during the entire service life of the tunnel excavation equipment, reducing maintenance costs and equipment downtime, and improving the use efficiency and economic benefits of the equipment.

[0130] Low loss characteristics: The optical fiber has low loss during the transmission of optical signals, which can maintain good optical performance for a long time, ensuring the measurement accuracy and stability of the gyroscope. Even in a long period of continuous working state, it can maintain a high performance index, prolong the overall service life of the equipment, and reduce the frequency of equipment replacement.

[0131] The display screen 8 is a capacitive touch screen.

[0132] The advantages of the above arrangement are:

[0133] Good operation experience

[0134] High touch sensitivity: The capacitive touch screen locates the touch point by detecting the change of capacitance between the finger and the screen, and responds to the touch operation extremely quickly. Users only need to lightly touch the screen to quickly trigger the corresponding operation, making the human-computer interaction more smooth and natural, and improving the operation efficiency.

[0135] Multi-point touch support: It can easily realize multi-point touch function, and users can use multiple fingers to perform scaling, rotating, sliding and other operations on the screen, providing users with more rich and convenient operation methods, such as when viewing the tunnel excavation orientation map or data chart, scaling and rotating operations can be easily performed to clearly view details.

[0136] Smooth touch: The surface of the capacitive touch screen is usually very smooth, and the finger feels smooth when sliding on the screen, without obvious resistance, giving users a comfortable touch experience, and long-time operation is not easy to feel tired.

[0137] Good display effect

[0138] High light transmittance: The structure of the capacitive touch screen is relatively simple, usually with high light transmittance, which can make the display content behind the screen clearly presented, with bright colors, high contrast, clear and realistic image and text display effect, which helps users more clearly view the relevant data, graphics and information of the tunnel excavation direction.

[0139] Wide viewing angle: When viewing the screen from different angles, the capacitive touch screen can maintain good display effect, with larger viewing angle, whether watching from the front or at a certain angle from the side, the content on the screen can be clearly seen, which is convenient for operators at different positions to view and operate.

[0140] Strong durability

[0141] No mechanical wear and tear: Unlike resistance touch screens that require pressure sensing to achieve touch operation, capacitive touch screens have no mechanical keys or contacts, and there is no mechanical wear and tear problem caused by frequent pressing, so they have a longer service life and can withstand frequent touch operations, and can maintain stable performance in the relatively harsh environment of tunnel excavation.

[0142] High surface hardness: The surface of the capacitive touch screen is generally made of tempered glass and other materials, with high hardness and wear resistance, which can effectively prevent scratches by sharp objects and is not easily affected by dust, oil and other pollutants, easy to clean and maintain, even in the harsh environment of dusty and humid tunnels, it can maintain good working condition.

[0143] High reliability

[0144] Strong anti-interference ability: The capacitive touch screen uses capacitive sensing technology, which has good anti-interference ability to electromagnetic interference, static electricity and other environmental factors, and can work stably in complex electromagnetic environment, without misoperation or touch insensitivity caused by interference from surrounding electrical equipment, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of operation in the process of tunnel excavation.

[0145] Good stability: The capacitive touch screen technology is mature, and the circuit design and manufacturing process are relatively stable, with few problems such as touch point drift and touch failure under normal use conditions, providing users with stable and reliable touch operation experience, ensuring that operators can accurately set and operate various parameters through the touch screen when determining the tunnel excavation direction.

[0146] Aesthetically fashionable

[0147] Simple appearance: Capacitive touch screens can achieve full-plane design without traditional keys or protruding parts, making the appearance of the device more simple and smooth, giving a sense of fashion and modernity, improving the overall aesthetic of the device, and also facilitating installation and integration into various device housings to meet the aesthetic and design needs of different users.

[0148] Potential for frameless design: With the development of technology, capacitive touch screens can easily achieve frameless or narrow-frame design, maximizing screen space and increasing screen display area, allowing devices to display more information in the same size, while further enhancing the appearance and technology of the device, providing users with a better visual experience.

[0149] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be considered as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims, not the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application. Any reference signs in the claims should not be considered as limiting the claims involved.

[0150] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

Claims

1. A borehole orientation survey instrument, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of measurement shell (1), the opening of the measurement shell (1) is connected with shell cover (7), the side of the measurement shell (1) is connected with control switch (2), wireless communication module (3), microcontroller (4), acceleration sensor (5), gyroscope (6), power (9) are connected in the measurement shell (1), the shell cover (7) is embeddedly connected with display screen (8), the wireless communication module (3), microcontroller (4), gyroscope (6), display screen (8) are respectively connected with power (9) by control switch (2), the wireless communication module (3), acceleration sensor (5), gyroscope (6), display screen (8) are respectively connected with microcontroller (4); Two sides of the measurement shell (1) are rotatably connected with L-shaped support (10), two groups of the L-shaped support (10) are rotatably connected with first rotating part (12), the first rotating part (12) is connected with first fixed part (15) by first telescopic rod (14), the first fixed part (15) is rotatably connected with second rotating part (17), the second rotating part (17) is connected with second fixed part (19) by second telescopic rod (18), the second fixed part (19) is rotatably connected with third rotating part (21), the third rotating part (21) is connected with fixed base plate (23) by third telescopic rod (22).

2. A mine roadway heading direction measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The L-shaped support (10) is positioned and connected with the measurement shell (1) by the first lock rod (11), the first rotating part (12) is positioned and connected with the L-shaped support (10) by the second lock rod (13), the second rotating part (17) is positioned and connected with the first fixed part (15) by the third lock rod (16), and the third rotating part (21) is positioned and connected with the second fixed part (19) by the fourth lock rod (20).

3. A mine roadway heading direction measuring instrument according to claim 2, characterised in that, The adjustable angle range between the measurement shell (1) and the L-shaped support (10), between the L-shaped supports (10) and the first rotating part (12), between the first fixed part (15) and the second rotating part (17), and between the second fixed part (19) and the third rotating part (21) is 0-360°.

4. A mine roadway heading direction measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first telescopic rod (14), the second telescopic rod (18), and the third telescopic rod (22) have the same structure, the first telescopic rod (14) includes a positioning rod (141), one end of the positioning rod (141) is connected with a positioning rod connector (142), the other end of the positioning rod (141) is threadedly inserted with a telescopic rod (143), and the end of the telescopic rod (143) away from the positioning rod (141) is connected with a telescopic rod connector (144).

5. A mine roadway heading direction measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement shell (1) and the shell cover (7) are both made of aluminum alloy.

6. A mine roadway heading direction measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless communication module (3) is a 5G communication module.

7. A mine roadway heading direction measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microcontroller (4) is an STM32H7 series controller, and the acceleration sensor (5) is a MEMS acceleration sensor.

8. A mine roadway heading direction measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gyroscope (6) is an optical fiber gyroscope.

9. A mine roadway heading direction measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display screen (8) is a capacitive touch screen.

10. A mine roadway heading direction measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterised in that, The fixed base plate (23) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed fixing holes (24).

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