True triaxial mechanical test device applied to variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of rock mechanical tests, in particular to a true triaxial mechanical test device applied to variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance, which comprises a variable-angle transmission mechanism. The variable-angle transmission mechanism comprises a variable-angle transmission main body, variable-angle transmission assemblies symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the variable-angle transmission main body, a box body arranged on the peripheries of the variable-angle transmission main body and the variable-angle transmission assemblies and a force transmission assembly arranged on the box body, and the variable-angle transmission main body comprises a plurality of transmission modules arranged in an array mode in the circumferential direction of the Y axis; the variable-angle transmission assembly comprises a transmission rod and a limiting transmission plate, the limiting transmission plate is arranged in the test piece containing cavity, the transmission rod is fixedly connected with the limiting transmission plate, and when the transmission rod rotates, the limiting transmission plate is driven to rotate so as to drive the variable-angle transmission main body to rotate; therefore, the rock test piece arranged in the test piece accommodating cavity rotates, and the stress direction angle of the roadway in the rock test piece is changed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to rock mechanics test technical field, concretely is applied to true triaxial mechanics test device of variable angle repeated loading and impact disturbance. BACKGROUND

[0002] With coal resources exploitation advancing to deep, the stress environment of roadway surrounding rock is more and more complex, under the dual action of high ground stress and strong mining stress, the mechanical properties, deformation and failure characteristics of roadway surrounding rock also change obviously. Therefore, the study on the mechanical properties of roadway surrounding rock under dynamic and static load is very important to reveal the deformation and failure mechanism of roadway surrounding rock under dynamic and static load, and to scientifically and reasonably control the roadway surrounding rock and ensure the safety production of coal mine. For the recovery roadway, under the action of mining stress, the direction of the principal stress of roadway surrounding rock will deflect to different degrees, which leads to the asymmetric failure of surrounding rock, the increase of failure range and the aggravation of failure degree. In addition, during the recovery of working face, with the continuous advance of working face, the roof of stope will break periodically, which will cause severe dynamic disturbance, and some roadways will be affected by repeated dynamic disturbance in different directions during the service period, which will have an important influence on the stability of roadway.

[0003] At present, in rock mechanics test, the rock specimen is generally placed in the prefabricated hole to simulate the mechanical properties of surrounding rock after the excavation of underground roadway. However, the existing true triaxial surrounding rock mechanics test device can only apply dynamic and static load to the rock specimen in the fixed direction (x-axis, y-axis and z-axis) of the rock specimen. If we want to analyze the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock under the action of principal stress in different directions and angles, or under the action of repeated dynamic disturbance in different directions and angles, we have to reprocess the rock specimen, change the orientation of roadway in the rock specimen, and indirectly change the direction angle of principal stress or the direction angle of repeated dynamic disturbance. This way of reprocessing the rock specimen needs to produce specific rock specimens for each direction angle, which consumes a lot of time, labor and material costs, and cannot realize the repeated dynamic and static load test research of principal stress in different directions and angles on the same specimen, or the repeated dynamic disturbance test research of the same specimen in different directions and angles. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims at providing true triaxial mechanics test device for variable angle repeated loading and impact disturbance, solves the problem of being unable to realize the repeated dynamic and static load test research of principal stress in different directions and angles on the same specimen, or the repeated dynamic disturbance test research of the same specimen in different directions and angles, caused by the fact that the existing true triaxial surrounding rock mechanics test device can only apply dynamic and static load to the rock specimen in the fixed direction of the rock specimen.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the utility model provides technical schemes as follows:

[0006] The true triaxial mechanics testing device for variable angle repeated loading and impact disturbance, including variable angle transmission mechanism, the variable angle transmission mechanism includes variable angle transmission main part, the variable angle transmission assembly of symmetry is arranged at both ends of the variable angle transmission main part, the box of symmetry is arranged at the outer periphery of the variable angle transmission main part and the variable angle transmission assembly, and the force transmission assembly is arranged on the box, the force transmission assembly includes the first force transmission piece of symmetry along the X axis and is arranged at both sides of the variable angle transmission main part, the second force transmission piece of symmetry along the Y axis and is arranged at both sides of the variable angle transmission main part, the third force transmission piece of symmetry along the Z axis and is arranged at both sides of the variable angle transmission main part, the variable angle transmission main part includes a plurality of transmission modules along the circumferential array of Y axis, the inside of the transmission module is equipped with the recessed cavity, and the recessed cavity of a plurality of transmission modules is surrounded to form the specimen accommodating cavity, the variable angle transmission assembly includes the transmission rod and the limiting transmission plate, the limiting transmission plate is arranged in the specimen accommodating cavity, the transmission rod is arranged along the Y axis extension, one end of the transmission rod is connected with the second force transmission piece, the other end of the transmission rod is fixedly connected with the limiting transmission plate, when the transmission rod rotates, the limiting transmission plate is rotated to drive the variable angle transmission main part to rotate.

[0007] The true triaxial mechanics testing device for variable angle repeated loading and impact disturbance as described above, the specimen accommodating cavity is cuboid, the variable angle transmission main part includes four transmission modules, the transmission module is equipped with the recessed cavity bottom surface and two recessed cavity side surfaces for forming the recessed cavity, two recessed cavity side surfaces are parallel and perpendicular to Y axis, and the recessed cavity bottom surface is arranged between two recessed cavity side surfaces and parallel to Y axis.

[0008] The true triaxial mechanics testing device for variable angle repeated loading and impact disturbance as described above, the variable angle transmission main part is spherical, the first force transmission piece is equipped with the first arc-shaped force transmission plate matched with the variable angle transmission main part, and the third force transmission piece is equipped with the third arc-shaped force transmission plate matched with the variable angle transmission main part.

[0009] The true triaxial mechanics testing device for variable angle repeated loading and impact disturbance as described above, the variable angle transmission assembly further includes the boss between the transmission rod and the second force transmission piece, the boss is equipped with the angle scale, the boss is fixedly connected with the transmission rod, and the boss is rotatably connected with the second force transmission piece.

[0010] The true triaxial mechanical test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance as described above, the box body comprises a box main body with one end open and a box cover plate covering the box main body, the box cover plate is perpendicular to the Y axis, the box cover plate is provided with an insertion rod, the insertion rod is parallel to the Y axis, and the box main body is provided with an insertion slot matched with the insertion rod.

[0011] The true triaxial mechanical test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance as described above further comprises a loading mechanism, the loading mechanism comprises a first loading piece symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable-angle transmission mechanism along the X axis, a second loading piece symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable-angle transmission mechanism along the Y axis, and a third loading piece symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable-angle transmission mechanism along the Z axis, the first loading piece is connected with the first force transmission piece, the second loading piece is connected with the second force transmission piece, and the third loading piece is connected with the third force transmission piece.

[0012] The true triaxial mechanical test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance as described above further comprises a rack, the rack comprises two X-axis support plates parallel to each other and perpendicular to the X axis, two Y-axis support plates parallel to each other and perpendicular to the Y axis, and two Z-axis support plates parallel to each other and perpendicular to the Z axis, the first loading piece is arranged on the X-axis support plate, the second loading piece is arranged on the Y-axis support plate, and the third loading piece is arranged on the Z-axis support plate, a loading cavity is formed between the X-axis support plate, the Y-axis support plate and the Z-axis support plate, guide columns and a loading mounting plate are arranged on the X-axis support plate, the Y-axis support plate or the Z-axis support plate, the variable-angle transmission mechanism is arranged on the loading mounting plate, and guide slots matched with the guide columns are arranged on the rack.

[0013] The true triaxial mechanical test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance as described above further comprises an impact mechanism, the impact mechanism is connected with the first force transmission piece on one side of the variable-angle transmission main body to generate impact disturbance on the variable-angle transmission mechanism.

[0014] The true triaxial mechanical test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance as described above, the impact mechanism at least comprises a gas gun, an impact tube and an incident rod connected in sequence, and the incident rod is connected with the first force transmission piece.

[0015] The true triaxial mechanical test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance as described above, the impact mechanism further comprises a connecting rod and a wave shaper arranged between the impact tube and the incident rod, and the impact mechanism further comprises a high-pressure gas source connected with the gas gun.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the true triaxial mechanical test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance has the following advantages:

[0017] The true triaxial mechanics test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance provided by the utility model can drive the variable-angle transmission main body to rotate through the transmission rod, so that the rock test piece placed in the test piece accommodating cavity rotates, and the stress direction angle of the roadway in the rock test piece is changed; when the force transmission assembly is externally connected with the loading mechanism, repeated dynamic and static load loading test researches on the principal stress of the same test piece in different directions and at different angles can be realized; when the force transmission assembly is externally connected with the impact mechanism, repeated dynamic disturbance test researches on the same test piece in different directions and at different angles can be realized, and the rock test piece does not need to be re-made during the period, and a large amount of time cost, labor cost and material cost can be saved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of the drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the true triaxial mechanics test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance of the utility model embodiment 1.

[0020] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the local structure of the variable-angle transmission mechanism of the true triaxial mechanics test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance of the utility model embodiment 1.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the variable-angle transmission mechanism of the true triaxial mechanics test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance of the utility model embodiment 1.

[0022] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of the variable-angle transmission mechanism of the true triaxial mechanics test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance of the utility model embodiment 1.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the local structure of the variable-angle transmission mechanism of the true triaxial mechanics test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance of the utility model embodiment 1.

[0024] Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the local structure of the variable-angle transmission mechanism of the true triaxial mechanics test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance of the utility model embodiment 1.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic view of the true triaxial mechanics test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance of the utility model embodiment 2.

[0026] Figure 8 It is the exploded view of partial structure of the true triaxial mechanics test device for variable angle repeated loading and impact disturbance of the utility model embodiment 2.

[0027] Figure 9 It is the sectional view of variable angle transmission mechanism of the true triaxial mechanics test device for variable angle repeated loading and impact disturbance of the utility model embodiment 2.

[0028] Figure 10 It is the exploded view of variable angle transmission mechanism of the true triaxial mechanics test device for variable angle repeated loading and impact disturbance of the utility model embodiment 2.

[0029] Figure 11 It is the sectional view of partial structure of variable angle transmission mechanism of the true triaxial mechanics test device for variable angle repeated loading and impact disturbance of the utility model embodiment 2.

[0030] Figure 12 It is the exploded view of partial structure of variable angle transmission mechanism of the true triaxial mechanics test device for variable angle repeated loading and impact disturbance of the utility model embodiment 2.

[0031] Wherein, the corresponding number of sign is as follows:

[0032] 1, variable angle transmission mechanism;100, test piece accommodating cavity;11, variable angle transmission main body;110, recess;111, transmission module;1111, recess bottom surface;1112, recess side surface;12, variable angle transmission assembly;121, transmission rod;122, limit transmission plate;123, boss;13, box;131, box main body;132, box cover plate;133, insertion rod;134, insertion slot;135, observation operation port;136, supporting plate;137, sliding slot;14, force transmission assembly;141, first force transmission piece;1411, first arc-shaped force transmission plate;142, second force transmission piece;143, third force transmission piece;1431, third arc-shaped force transmission plate;2, loading mechanism;21, first loading piece;22, second loading piece;23, third loading piece;3, impact mechanism;31, air gun;32, impact tube;33, incident rod;34, connecting rod;35, wave filter;36, high-pressure gas source;4, rack;400, loading cavity;41, X-axis support plate;42, Y-axis support plate;43, Z-axis support plate;44, guide column;45, loading mounting plate;451, mounting slot;46, guide slot;5, detection mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Please see the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 5 This embodiment provides a true triaxial mechanical testing device for repeated loading and impact disturbances at varying angles, including a variable angle transmission mechanism 1. The variable angle transmission mechanism 1 includes a variable angle transmission body 11, variable angle transmission components 12 symmetrically arranged at both ends of the variable angle transmission body 11, a housing 13 disposed around the outer periphery of the variable angle transmission body 11 and the variable angle transmission components 12, and a force transmission component 14 disposed on the housing 13. The force transmission component 14 includes a first force transmission member 141 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable angle transmission body 11 along the X-axis, a second force transmission member 142 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable angle transmission body 11 along the Y-axis, and a third force transmission member 143 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable angle transmission body 11 along the Z-axis. The angle transmission body 11 includes several transmission modules 111 arranged circumferentially along the Y-axis. Each transmission module 111 has a cavity 110 on its inner side. The cavities 110 of the several transmission modules 111 surround a specimen receiving cavity 100. The variable angle transmission assembly 12 includes a transmission rod 121 and a limiting transmission plate 122. The limiting transmission plate 122 is disposed in the specimen receiving cavity 100. The transmission rod 121 extends along the Y-axis. One end of the transmission rod 121 is connected to the second force transmission member 142, and the other end of the transmission rod 121 is fixedly connected to the limiting transmission plate 122. When the transmission rod 121 rotates, it drives the limiting transmission plate 122 to rotate, thereby driving the variable angle transmission body 11 to rotate. The true triaxial mechanical testing device for repeated loading and impact disturbance at varying angles provided in this embodiment can rotate the variable angle transmission body 11 through the rotation of the transmission rod 121, thereby causing the rock specimen placed in the specimen receiving cavity 100 to rotate and change the force orientation angle of the tunnel in the rock specimen. When the force transmission component 14 is connected to an external loading mechanism, repeated dynamic and static load loading tests of principal stress at different directions and angles can be carried out on the same specimen. When the force transmission component 14 is connected to an external impact mechanism, repeated dynamic disturbance tests of different directions and angles can be carried out on the same specimen. Moreover, there is no need to remake the rock specimen during the process, which can save a lot of time, labor and material costs.

[0036] Specifically, the first force transmission member 141 is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the box 13 along the X axis, the second force transmission member 142 is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the box 13 along the Y axis, and the third force transmission member 143 is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the box 13 along the Z axis. The first force transmission member 141 and the third force transmission member 143 abut against the variable-angle transmission main body 11, and the second force transmission member 142 is detachably connected with the transmission rod 121, and the transmission rod 121 can rotate relative to the second force transmission member 142. The first force transmission member 141 and the third force transmission member 143 not only can assist in fixing the positions of the transmission modules 111 in the variable-angle transmission main body 11, but also can transmit the force to the transmission modules 111, so as to transmit the force to the rock sample in the sample containing cavity 100. The second force transmission member 142 not only can transmit the force to the limiting transmission plate 122, so as to transmit the force to the rock sample in the sample containing cavity 100, but also can drive the limiting transmission plate 122 to rotate, so as to drive the rock sample in the sample containing cavity 100 to rotate, and change the force direction angle of the roadway in the rock sample.

[0037] Preferably, the force transmission rod 121 is integrally formed with the limiting transmission plate 122, the shape of the limiting transmission plate 122 is the same as that of the end surface of the sample containing cavity 100, and the area of the limiting transmission plate 122 can be less than or equal to the area of the end surface of the sample containing cavity 100, that is, the limiting transmission plate 122 and the sample containing cavity 100 can have a cooperation gap, and a sealing rubber ring can be arranged on the limiting transmission plate 122, and the sealing rubber ring cooperates with the cooperation gap.

[0038] Further, the sample containing cavity 100 is in the shape of a cuboid, the variable-angle transmission main body 11 includes four transmission modules 111, each of the transmission modules 111 is provided with a concave bottom surface 1111 and two concave side surfaces 1112 for forming the concave cavity 110, the two concave side surfaces 1112 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the Y axis, and the concave bottom surface 1111 is arranged between the two concave side surfaces 1112 and parallel to the Y axis. Since the conventional rock sample is generally in the shape of a cube, preferably, the sample containing cavity 100 of the present embodiment is in the shape of a cuboid, and the length of the long side of the cuboid is greater than or equal to the sum of the length of the side of the rock sample and the thickness of the two limiting transmission plates 122. When the rock sample is installed, the concave bottom surface 1111 on the transmission module 111 is attached to the end surface of the rock sample, the concave side surface 1112 on the transmission module 111 is parallel to one side end surface of the limiting transmission plate 122, and the other side end surface of the limiting transmission plate 122 is attached to the rock sample. The transmission module 111 of the present embodiment has a simple structure, and the rock sample is convenient and fast to cooperate.

[0039] Further, the contact surfaces between each transmission module 111 in the variable-angle transmission body 11 are provided with magnetic attraction elements, and when the rock sample is placed in the sample accommodating cavity 100 of the variable-angle transmission body 11, each transmission module 111 is fixedly connected to form a whole under the magnetic attraction.

[0040] Further, in order to facilitate the rotation of the variable-angle transmission body 11 and at the same time ensure the structural stability of the variable-angle transmission body 11 during rotation, the variable-angle transmission body 11 is spherical, and at the same time, the first transmission element 141 is provided with a first arc-shaped transmission plate 1411 matched with the variable-angle transmission body 11, and the third transmission element 143 is provided with a third arc-shaped transmission plate 1431 matched with the variable-angle transmission body 11. When the spherical variable-angle transmission body 11 rotates, its arc-shaped end surface can always cooperate with the first arc-shaped transmission plate 1411 or the third arc-shaped transmission plate 1431, and the rotation is smooth without interference, and the first arc-shaped transmission plate 1411 and the third arc-shaped transmission plate 1431 respectively provide stable support for the variable-angle transmission body 11 in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.

[0041] Further, in order to improve the accuracy of the rotation of the variable-angle transmission body 11, the variable-angle transmission assembly 12 further comprises a boss 123 provided between the transmission rod 121 and the second transmission element 142, the boss 123 is provided with an angle scale, the boss 123 is fixedly connected with the transmission rod 121, and the boss 123 is rotatably connected with the second transmission element 142. When the transmission rod 121 rotates, the angle scale on the boss 123 can display the degree of rotation of the transmission rod 121, which is more accurate and convenient to use. Specifically, in the embodiment, the boss 123 is provided with a circle of angle marks, and the second transmission element 142 is provided with an angle pointer, when the boss 123 rotates relative to the second transmission element 142, the angle pointer on the second transmission element 142 points to the corresponding angle mark of the reading on the boss 123, to indicate the angle of rotation of the rock sample. The end of the boss 123 connected with the second transmission element 142 is provided with a groove, and the second transmission element 142 cooperates with the groove on the boss 123.

[0042] Further, in order to facilitate the taking and placing of the variable angle transmission body 11 and the variable angle transmission assembly 12, the box 13 comprises a box body 131 with an open end and a box cover plate 132 covering the box body 131, the box cover plate 132 being perpendicular to the Y axis, the box cover plate 132 being provided with a plug rod 133 parallel to the Y axis, and the box body 131 being provided with a plug groove 134 matched with the plug rod 133. When the variable angle transmission body 11 and the variable angle transmission assembly 12 need to be taken or placed, the box cover plate 132 is only needed to be pulled to approach or move away from the box body 131 along the Y axis, which is simple in structure and convenient in taking and placing. In addition, the first limiting protrusion is arranged on the inner side of the box 13 on the first transmission member 141 to prevent the first transmission member 141 from being separated from the box 13, the second limiting protrusion is arranged on the inner side of the box 13 on the second transmission member 142 to prevent the second transmission member 142 from being separated from the box 13, and the first limiting protrusion is arranged on the inner side of the box 13 on the third transmission member 143 to prevent the third transmission member 143 from being separated from the box 13.

[0043] Further, the box cover plate 132 is provided with a supporting plate 136 fixedly connected with the third transmission member 143, the box body 131 is provided with an observation operation port 135 and a sliding groove 137 matched with the third transmission member 143, when the box cover plate 132 is pulled out, the supporting plate 136 and the third transmission member 143 fixedly connected with the supporting plate 136 are pulled out together, and the variable angle transmission body 11 and the transmission assembly 12 on the third transmission member 143 are also pulled out together, so as to facilitate the taking of the variable angle transmission body 11 and the transmission assembly 12. After the rock test piece is installed in the test piece accommodating cavity 100 in the variable angle transmission body 11, the variable angle transmission body 11 and the transmission assembly 12 are placed on the third transmission member 143 together, the transmission assembly 12 is connected with the second transmission member 142, and then the box cover plate 132 is pushed into the box. Then, the variable angle transmission mechanism 1 can be loaded by the loading mechanism 2 to make the first transmission member 141 and the third transmission member 143 tightly contact the variable angle transmission body 11, and the second transmission member 142 tightly contact the transmission assembly 12. When the angle of the variable angle transmission body 11 needs to be adjusted, the angle scale on the boss 123 can be observed through the observation operation port 135, and the hand can be inserted into the box 13 through the observation operation port 135 to adjust the angle of the variable angle transmission body 11.

[0044] Further, the true triaxial mechanical test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance provided by the embodiment further comprises a loading mechanism 2, which comprises a first loading piece 21 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable-angle transmission mechanism 1 along the X axis, a second loading piece 22 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable-angle transmission mechanism 1 along the Y axis, and a third loading piece 23 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable-angle transmission mechanism 1 along the Z axis. The first loading piece 21 is connected with the first force transmission piece 141, the second loading piece 22 is connected with the second force transmission piece 142, and the third loading piece 23 is connected with the third force transmission piece 143. Specifically, the first loading piece 21 abuts against the first force transmission piece 141, the second loading piece 22 abuts against the second force transmission piece 142, and the third loading piece 23 abuts against the third force transmission piece 143. In the embodiment, the first loading piece 21, the second loading piece 22, and the third loading piece 23 all adopt a hydraulic system, and the hydraulic system is used to apply or remove the load on the rock sample through the extension and retraction action. The variable-angle transmission mechanism 1 is connected with the loading mechanism 2, so that the repeated dynamic and static load loading test research on the main stress of the same sample in different directions and at different angles can be realized.

[0045] Further, the true triaxial mechanical test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance provided by the embodiment further comprises a rack 4, which comprises two X-axis support plates 41 that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the X axis, two Y-axis support plates 42 that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the Y axis, and two Z-axis support plates 43 that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the Z axis. The first loading piece 21 is arranged on the X-axis support plate 41, the second loading piece 22 is arranged on the Y-axis support plate 42, and the third loading piece 23 is arranged on the Z-axis support plate 43. The X-axis support plate 41, the Y-axis support plate 42, and the Z-axis support plate 43 are arranged to form a loading cavity 400 therebetween. The X-axis support plate 41, the Y-axis support plate 42, or the Z-axis support plate 43 is provided with a guide column 44 and a loading mounting plate 45. The variable-angle transmission mechanism 1 is arranged on the loading mounting plate 45. The rack 4 is provided with a guide groove 46 matched with the guide column 44. In the embodiment, the X-axis support plate 41 and the Z-axis support plate 43 are fixedly connected, the Y-axis support plate 42 is movably connected through the guide column 44 and the guide groove 46, the guide column 44 and the loading mounting plate 45 are arranged on the Y-axis support plate 42, the loading mounting plate 45 is provided with a mounting groove 451, and the third force transmission piece 143 can abut against the third loading piece 23 through the mounting groove 451.

[0046] Further, the embodiment further comprises a detection mechanism 5, the detection mechanism 5 comprises strain sensors, stress sensors and acoustic emission probes arranged on each end face of the test piece accommodating cavity 100 for detecting the mechanical response parameters of the rock test piece during the test process, specifically, the strain sensors, stress sensors and acoustic emission probes are installed on the concave cavity bottom surface 1111 inside the transmission module 111 and on the limiting transmission plate 122.

[0047] The repeated dynamic and static load loading test of the main stress in different directions and different angles of the same test piece is carried out, and the influence of the rotation of the main stress on the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock of the roadway is analyzed as follows:

[0048] S1, make a rock test piece with holes (horse's hoof shape), simulate the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock of the roadway after excavation; according to the field stress test, obtain the displacement stress distribution of the roadway, for example, the maximum principal stress (perpendicular to the axis of the roadway, and the maximum horizontal principal stress) is σ1; the intermediate principal stress (along the axis of the roadway, and the minimum horizontal principal stress) is σ2; the minimum principal stress (vertical stress) is σ3, when the roadway is disturbed by external stress such as mining, the principal stress field of the surrounding rock of the roadway will rotate, for example, the maximum principal stress σ1 and the minimum principal stress σ3 rotate θ degrees, at this time, the maximum principal stress is σ1', the intermediate principal stress is σ2', and the minimum principal stress is σ3'.

[0049] S2, place the rock test piece in the test piece accommodating cavity 100, arrange the axis of the roadway in the rock test piece along the Y axis direction, arrange the roadway floor along the X axis direction, and arrange the vertical direction of the roadway along the Z axis direction, place the variable angle transmission mechanism 1 in the loading cavity 400 in the loading mechanism 2, connect the first loading piece 21 with the first force transmission piece 141, connect the second loading piece 22 with the second force transmission piece 142, and connect the third loading piece 23 with the third force transmission piece 143, apply σ1 stress value to the rock test piece along the X axis direction through the first loading piece 21, apply σ2 stress value to the rock test piece along the Y axis direction through the second loading piece 22, and apply σ3 stress value to the rock test piece along the Z axis direction through the third loading piece 23, obtain the deformation and failure data of the rock mass in the first loading process through the detection mechanism 5, stop the equipment and remove the force of the first loading piece 21, the second loading piece 22 and the third loading piece 23.

[0050] S3, rotate the force transmission rod 121, so that the orientation of the roadway in the rock test piece forms an angle of θ degrees compared with the initial orientation, apply σ1' stress value to the rock test piece along the X axis direction through the first loading piece 21, apply σ2' stress value to the rock test piece along the Y axis direction through the second loading piece 22, and apply σ3' stress value to the rock test piece along the Z axis direction through the third loading piece 23, obtain the deformation and failure data of the rock mass in the second loading process through the detection mechanism 5, stop the equipment and remove the force of the first loading piece 21, the second loading piece 22 and the third loading piece 23.

[0051] According to the actual engineering conditions, the direction angle of the rock specimen can be continuously rotated, and the loading can be repeated multiple times, that is, the repeated dynamic and static load loading test of the principal stress of different directions and different angles can be carried out on the same specimen, and the influence of the multiple rotations of the principal stress on the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock of the roadway is analyzed.

[0052] Embodiment 2

[0053] Please refer to the attached Figure 6 to the attached Figure 10 , the embodiment provides a true triaxial mechanical test device applied to variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance, which comprises a variable-angle transmission mechanism 1, the variable-angle transmission mechanism 1 comprises a variable-angle transmission main body 11, variable-angle transmission assemblies 12 symmetrically arranged at both ends of the variable-angle transmission main body 11, a box body 13 arranged outside the variable-angle transmission main body 11 and the variable-angle transmission assemblies 12, and a force transmission assembly 14 arranged on the box body 13, the force transmission assembly 14 comprises first force transmission pieces 141 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable-angle transmission main body 11 along the X axis, second force transmission pieces 142 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable-angle transmission main body 11 along the Y axis, and third force transmission pieces 143 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable-angle transmission main body 11 along the Z axis, the variable-angle transmission main body 11 comprises a plurality of transmission modules 111 arranged in a circumferential array along the Y axis, the inner side of the transmission module 111 is provided with a recess cavity 110, the recess cavities 110 of the plurality of transmission modules 111 are arranged to form a specimen accommodating cavity 100, the variable-angle transmission assembly 12 comprises a transmission rod 121 and a limiting transmission plate 122, the limiting transmission plate 122 is arranged in the specimen accommodating cavity 100, the transmission rod 121 is arranged in extension along the Y axis, one end of the transmission rod 121 is connected with the second force transmission piece 142, the other end of the transmission rod 121 is fixedly connected with the limiting transmission plate 122, when the transmission rod 121 rotates, the limiting transmission plate 122 is driven to rotate, so as to drive the variable-angle transmission main body 11 to rotate. The true triaxial mechanical test device applied to variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance provided in the embodiment can drive the variable-angle transmission main body 11 to rotate through the rotation of the transmission rod 121, so as to rotate the rock specimen arranged in the specimen accommodating cavity 100 and change the stress azimuth angle of the roadway in the rock specimen, when the force transmission assembly 14 is connected with an external loading mechanism, the repeated dynamic and static load loading test of the principal stress of different directions and different angles can be realized on the same specimen, when the force transmission assembly 14 is connected with an impact mechanism, the repeated dynamic load disturbance test of different directions and different angles can be realized on the same specimen, and during the test, the rock specimen does not need to be re-made, a large amount of time cost, labor cost and material cost can be saved.

[0054] Specifically, the first force transmission member 141 is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the box 13 along the X axis, the second force transmission member 142 is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the box 13 along the Y axis, and the third force transmission member 143 is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the box 13 along the Z axis. The first force transmission member 141 and the third force transmission member 143 abut against the variable-angle transmission main body 11, and the second force transmission member 142 is detachably connected with the transmission rod 121, and the transmission rod 121 can rotate relative to the second force transmission member 142. The first force transmission member 141 and the third force transmission member 143 not only can assist in fixing the positions of the transmission modules 111 in the variable-angle transmission main body 11, but also can transmit the force to the transmission modules 111, so as to transmit the force to the rock sample in the sample containing cavity 100. The second force transmission member 142 not only can transmit the force to the limiting transmission plate 122, so as to transmit the force to the rock sample in the sample containing cavity 100, but also can drive the limiting transmission plate 122 to rotate, so as to drive the rock sample in the sample containing cavity 100 to rotate, and change the force direction angle of the roadway in the rock sample.

[0055] Preferably, the force transmission rod 121 is integrally formed with the limiting transmission plate 122, the shape of the limiting transmission plate 122 is the same as that of the end surface of the sample containing cavity 100, and the area of the limiting transmission plate 122 can be less than or equal to the area of the end surface of the sample containing cavity 100, that is, the limiting transmission plate 122 and the sample containing cavity 100 can have a cooperation gap, and a sealing rubber ring can be arranged on the limiting transmission plate 122, and the sealing rubber ring cooperates with the cooperation gap.

[0056] Further, the sample containing cavity 100 is in the shape of a cuboid, the variable-angle transmission main body 11 includes four transmission modules 111, each of the transmission modules 111 is provided with a concave bottom surface 1111 and two concave side surfaces 1112 for forming the concave cavity 110, the two concave side surfaces 1112 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the Y axis, and the concave bottom surface 1111 is arranged between the two concave side surfaces 1112 and parallel to the Y axis. Since the conventional rock sample is generally in the shape of a cube, preferably, the sample containing cavity 100 of the present embodiment is in the shape of a cuboid, and the length of the long side of the cuboid is greater than or equal to the sum of the length of the side of the rock sample and the thickness of the two limiting transmission plates 122. When the rock sample is installed, the concave bottom surface 1111 on the transmission module 111 is attached to the end surface of the rock sample, the concave side surface 1112 on the transmission module 111 is parallel to one side end surface of the limiting transmission plate 122, and the other side end surface of the limiting transmission plate 122 is attached to the rock sample. The transmission module 111 of the present embodiment has a simple structure, and the rock sample is convenient and fast to cooperate.

[0057] Further, the contact surfaces between each transmission module 111 in the variable-angle transmission body 11 are provided with magnetic attraction elements, and when the rock sample is placed in the sample accommodating cavity 100 of the variable-angle transmission body 11, each transmission module 111 is fixedly connected to form a whole under the magnetic attraction.

[0058] Further, in order to facilitate the rotation of the variable-angle transmission body 11 and at the same time ensure the structural stability of the variable-angle transmission body 11 during rotation, the variable-angle transmission body 11 is spherical, and at the same time, the first transmission element 141 is provided with a first arc-shaped transmission plate 1411 matched with the variable-angle transmission body 11, and the third transmission element 143 is provided with a third arc-shaped transmission plate 1431 matched with the variable-angle transmission body 11. When the spherical variable-angle transmission body 11 rotates, its arc-shaped end surface can always cooperate with the first arc-shaped transmission plate 1411 or the third arc-shaped transmission plate 1431, and the rotation is smooth without interference, and the first arc-shaped transmission plate 1411 and the third arc-shaped transmission plate 1431 respectively provide stable support for the variable-angle transmission body 11 in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.

[0059] Further, in order to improve the accuracy of the rotation of the variable-angle transmission body 11, the variable-angle transmission assembly 12 further comprises a boss 123 provided between the transmission rod 121 and the second transmission element 142, the boss 123 is provided with an angle scale, the boss 123 is fixedly connected with the transmission rod 121, and the boss 123 is rotatably connected with the second transmission element 142. When the transmission rod 121 rotates, the angle scale on the boss 123 can display the degree of rotation of the transmission rod 121, which is more accurate and convenient to use. Specifically, in the embodiment, the boss 123 is provided with a circle of angle marks, and the second transmission element 142 is provided with an angle pointer, when the boss 123 rotates relative to the second transmission element 142, the angle pointer on the second transmission element 142 points to the corresponding angle mark of the reading on the boss 123, to indicate the angle of rotation of the rock sample. The end of the boss 123 connected with the second transmission element 142 is provided with a groove, and the second transmission element 142 cooperates with the groove on the boss 123.

[0060] Further, in order to facilitate the taking and placing of the variable angle transmission body 11 and the variable angle transmission assembly 12, the box 13 comprises a box body 131 with an open end and a box cover plate 132 covering the box body 131, the box cover plate 132 being perpendicular to the Y axis, the box cover plate 132 being provided with a plug rod 133 parallel to the Y axis, and the box body 131 being provided with a plug groove 134 matched with the plug rod 133. When the variable angle transmission body 11 and the variable angle transmission assembly 12 need to be taken or placed, the box cover plate 132 is only needed to be pulled to approach or move away from the box body 131 along the Y axis, which is simple in structure and convenient in taking and placing. In addition, the first limiting protrusion is arranged on the inner side of the box 13 on the first transmission member 141 to prevent the first transmission member 141 from being separated from the box 13, the second limiting protrusion is arranged on the inner side of the box 13 on the second transmission member 142 to prevent the second transmission member 142 from being separated from the box 13, and the first limiting protrusion is arranged on the inner side of the box 13 on the third transmission member 143 to prevent the third transmission member 143 from being separated from the box 13.

[0061] Further, the box cover plate 132 is provided with a supporting plate 136 fixedly connected with the third transmission member 143, the box body 131 is provided with an observation operation port 135 and a sliding groove 137 matched with the third transmission member 143, when the box cover plate 132 is pulled out, the supporting plate 136 and the third transmission member 143 fixedly connected with the supporting plate 136 are pulled out together, and the variable angle transmission body 11 and the transmission assembly 12 on the third transmission member 143 are also pulled out together, so as to facilitate the taking of the variable angle transmission body 11 and the transmission assembly 12. After the rock test piece is installed in the test piece accommodating cavity 100 in the variable angle transmission body 11, the variable angle transmission body 11 and the transmission assembly 12 are placed on the third transmission member 143 together, the transmission assembly 12 is connected with the second transmission member 142, and then the box cover plate 132 is pushed into the box. Then, the variable angle transmission mechanism 1 can be subjected to a certain load by the loading mechanism 2 to make the first transmission member 141 and the third transmission member 143 tightly adhere to the variable angle transmission body 11, and the second transmission member 142 tightly adhere to the transmission assembly 12. When the angle of the variable angle transmission body 11 needs to be adjusted, the angle scale on the boss 123 can be observed through the observation operation port 135, and the hand can be inserted into the box 13 through the observation operation port 135 to adjust the angle of the variable angle transmission body 11.

[0062] Further, the true triaxial mechanical test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance provided by the embodiment further comprises a loading mechanism 2, which comprises a first loading piece 21 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable-angle transmission mechanism 1 along the X axis, a second loading piece 22 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable-angle transmission mechanism 1 along the Y axis, and a third loading piece 23 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable-angle transmission mechanism 1 along the Z axis. The first loading piece 21 is connected with the first force transmission piece 141, the second loading piece 22 is connected with the second force transmission piece 142, and the third loading piece 23 is connected with the third force transmission piece 143. Specifically, the first loading piece 21 abuts against the first force transmission piece 141, the second loading piece 22 abuts against the second force transmission piece 142, and the third loading piece 23 abuts against the third force transmission piece 143. In the embodiment, the first loading piece 21, the second loading piece 22, and the third loading piece 23 all adopt a hydraulic system, and the hydraulic system is used to apply or remove the load on the rock sample through the extension and retraction action. The variable-angle transmission mechanism 1 is connected with the loading mechanism 2, so that the repeated dynamic and static load loading test research on the main stress of the same sample in different directions and at different angles can be realized.

[0063] Further, the true triaxial mechanical test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance provided by the embodiment further comprises a rack 4, which comprises two X-axis support plates 41 that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the X axis, two Y-axis support plates 42 that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the Y axis, and two Z-axis support plates 43 that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the Z axis. The first loading piece 21 is arranged on the X-axis support plate 41, the second loading piece 22 is arranged on the Y-axis support plate 42, and the third loading piece 23 is arranged on the Z-axis support plate 43. The X-axis support plate 41, the Y-axis support plate 42, and the Z-axis support plate 43 are arranged to form a loading cavity 400 therebetween. The X-axis support plate 41, the Y-axis support plate 42, or the Z-axis support plate 43 is provided with a guide column 44 and a loading mounting plate 45. The variable-angle transmission mechanism 1 is arranged on the loading mounting plate 45. The rack 4 is provided with a guide groove 46 matched with the guide column 44. In the embodiment, the X-axis support plate 41 and the Z-axis support plate 43 are fixedly connected, the Y-axis support plate 42 is movably connected through the guide column 44 and the guide groove 46, the guide column 44 and the loading mounting plate 45 are arranged on the Y-axis support plate 42, the loading mounting plate 45 is provided with a mounting groove 451, and the third force transmission piece 143 can abut against the third loading piece 23 through the mounting groove 451.

[0064] Further, the embodiment further comprises a detection mechanism 5, which comprises strain sensors, stress sensors and acoustic emission probes arranged on each end surface of the specimen accommodating cavity 100 for detecting the mechanical response parameters of the rock specimen during the test. Specifically, the strain sensors, stress sensors and acoustic emission probes are mounted on the concave bottom surface 1111 inside the transmission module 111 and on the limiting transmission plate 122.

[0065] Further, the true triaxial mechanical test device for variable-angle repeated loading and impact disturbance provided by the embodiment further comprises an impact mechanism 3 connected with the first force transmission member 141 on one side of the variable-angle transmission main body 11 to generate impact disturbance to the variable-angle transmission mechanism 1. Specifically, the impact mechanism 3 at least comprises a gas gun 31, an impact tube 32 and an incident rod 33 connected in sequence, and the incident rod 33 is connected with the first force transmission member 141. In the embodiment, the first loading member 21 is provided with a disturbance passage through which the incident rod 33 passes, and the incident rod 33 is connected with the first force transmission member 141 by passing through the first loading member 21. The bullet fired by the gas gun 31 passes through the impact tube 32 to transmit impact force to the incident rod 33, and the dynamic load is transmitted to the variable-angle transmission main body 11 through the incident rod to generate impact disturbance to the rock specimen.

[0066] Further, the impact mechanism 3 further comprises a connecting rod 34 and a wave shaper 35 arranged between the impact tube 32 and the incident rod 33, and the impact mechanism 3 further comprises a high-pressure gas source 36 connected with the gas gun 31. The high-pressure gas source 36 is provided with a pressure gauge and a flow meter, and is connected with the gas gun 31 through a gas pipe. The gas gun 31 is provided with a gas gun support to provide stable support for the gas gun 31. The impact tube 32 and the connecting rod 34 are connected through a first connecting pipe and a first support seat to provide stable connection and stable support for the impact tube 32 and the connecting rod 34. The connecting rod 34, the incident rod 33 and the wave shaper 35 are connected through a second connecting pipe and a second support seat to provide stable connection and stable support for the connecting rod 34 and the incident rod 33. The high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas source 36 enters the gas gun 31 through the gas pipe, the gas gun 31 fires the high-pressure gas to push the bullet in the impact tube 32 to hit the first connecting pipe, the dynamic load is transmitted to the connecting rod 34 through the first connecting pipe, the dynamic load stress wave is adjusted through the wave shaper 35, and then transmitted to the variable-angle transmission main body 11 through the incident rod 33 to generate impact disturbance to the rock specimen.

[0067] The method for analyzing the influence of the rotation of the principal stress on the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock of the roadway by performing repeated dynamic and static load tests on the same specimen in different directions and at different angles of the principal stress is as follows:

[0068] S1, make a rock test piece with a hole (horse's hoof shape), simulate the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock of the roadway after excavation; according to the field stress test, obtain the displacement stress distribution of the roadway, for example, the maximum principal stress (perpendicular to the axis of the roadway, and the maximum horizontal principal stress) is σ1; the intermediate principal stress (along the axis of the roadway, and the minimum horizontal principal stress) is σ2; the minimum principal stress (vertical stress) is σ3, when the roadway is disturbed by external stress such as mining, the principal stress field of the surrounding rock of the roadway will rotate, for example, the maximum principal stress σ1 and the minimum principal stress σ3 rotate θ degrees respectively, at this time the maximum principal stress is σ1', the intermediate principal stress is σ2' and the minimum principal stress is σ3'.

[0069] S2, place the rock test piece in the test piece containing cavity 100, arrange the axis of the roadway in the rock test piece along the Y axis direction, arrange the roadway floor along the X axis direction, and arrange the vertical direction of the roadway along the Z axis direction, place the variable angle transmission mechanism 1 in the loading cavity 400 in the loading mechanism 2, connect the first loading piece 21 with the first force transmission piece 141, connect the second loading piece 22 with the second force transmission piece 142, and connect the third loading piece 23 with the third force transmission piece 143, apply σ1 stress value to the rock test piece along the X axis direction through the first loading piece 21, apply σ2 stress value to the rock test piece along the Y axis direction through the second loading piece 22, and apply σ3 stress value to the rock test piece along the Z axis direction through the third loading piece 23, obtain the deformation and failure data of the rock mass in the first loading process through the detection mechanism 5, stop the equipment and remove the force of the first loading piece 21, the second loading piece 22 and the third loading piece 23.

[0070] S3, rotate the force transmission rod 121, so that the orientation of the roadway in the rock test piece forms an angle of θ degrees compared with the initial orientation, apply σ1' stress value to the rock test piece along the X axis direction through the first loading piece 21, apply σ2' stress value to the rock test piece along the Y axis direction through the second loading piece 22, and apply σ3' stress value to the rock test piece along the Z axis direction through the third loading piece 23, obtain the deformation and failure data of the rock mass in the second loading process through the detection mechanism 5, stop the equipment and remove the force of the first loading piece 21, the second loading piece 22 and the third loading piece 23.

[0071] According to the actual engineering situation, the direction angle of the rock test piece can be rotated repeatedly, and the loading can be repeated repeatedly, so that the same test piece can be subjected to repeated dynamic and static load loading test of principal stress in different directions and at different angles, and the influence of multiple rotations of principal stress on the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock of the roadway can be analyzed.

[0072] The repeated dynamic disturbance test of the same test piece in different directions and at different angles can be analyzed, and the influence of the repeated dynamic disturbance of the variable angle on the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock of the roadway can be analyzed as follows:

[0073] S1, make a rock test piece with a hole (horse's hoof shape), simulate the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock of the roadway after excavation; according to the field stress test, the displacement stress distribution of the roadway is obtained, for example, the maximum principal stress (perpendicular to the axis of the roadway, and the maximum horizontal principal stress) is σ1; the intermediate principal stress (along the axis of the roadway, and the minimum horizontal principal stress) is σ2; the minimum principal stress (vertical stress) is σ3.

[0074] S2, place the rock test piece in the test piece accommodating cavity 100, arrange the roadway axis in the rock test piece along the Y axis direction, arrange the roadway floor along the X axis direction, and arrange the vertical direction of the roadway along the Z axis direction, place the variable angle transmission mechanism 1 in the loading cavity 400 in the loading mechanism 2, connect the first loading piece 21 with the first force transmission piece 141, connect the second loading piece 22 with the second force transmission piece 142, connect the third loading piece 23 with the third force transmission piece 143, apply σ1 stress value to the rock test piece along the X axis direction through the first loading piece 21, apply σ2 stress value to the rock test piece along the Y axis direction through the second loading piece 22, and apply σ3 stress value to the rock test piece along the Z axis direction through the third loading piece 23, obtain the deformation and failure data of the rock mass in the first loading process through the detection mechanism 5, stop the equipment and remove the force of the first loading piece 21, the second loading piece 22 and the third loading piece 23.

[0075] S3, open the high-pressure gas source 36, generate a specific waveform dynamic load D1 to the incident rod 33 through the air gun 31, the incident rod 33 transmits the dynamic load D1 to the rock test piece along the X axis direction, so that the roadway in the rock test piece is subjected to the first impact disturbance, and the deformation and failure data of the rock mass in the first impact disturbance process are obtained through the detection mechanism 5.

[0076] S4, rotate the force transmission rod 121 to form an angle of θ degrees between the direction of the roadway in the rock test piece and the initial direction, open the high-pressure gas source 36, generate a specific waveform dynamic load D2 to the incident rod 33 through the air gun 31, the incident rod 33 transmits the dynamic load D2 to the rock test piece along the X axis direction, so that the roadway in the rock test piece is subjected to the second impact disturbance, and the deformation and failure data of the rock mass in the second impact disturbance process are obtained through the detection mechanism 5.

[0077] According to the actual engineering situation, the direction angle of the rock test piece can be rotated repeatedly, and the impact disturbance can be repeated repeatedly, so that the same test piece can be subjected to repeated dynamic load disturbance test of different directions and different angles, and the influence of variable angle repeated dynamic load disturbance on the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock of the roadway can be analyzed.

[0078] It should be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the present application are used to describe various information, but these information should not be limited to these terms, and these terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present application, the "first" information can also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, the "second" information can also be referred to as "first" information. In addition, the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0079] The above is the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications are also considered within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A true triaxial mechanical testing apparatus for repeated loading and impact disturbances at varying angles, characterized in that, The system includes a variable angle transmission mechanism (1), which comprises a variable angle transmission body (11), variable angle transmission components (12) symmetrically arranged at both ends of the variable angle transmission body (11), a housing (13) arranged on the outer periphery of the variable angle transmission body (11) and the variable angle transmission components (12), and a force transmission component (14) arranged on the housing (13). The force transmission component (14) includes a first force transmission member (141) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable angle transmission body (11) along the X-axis, a second force transmission member (142) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable angle transmission body (11) along the Y-axis, and a third force transmission member (143) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable angle transmission body (11) along the Z-axis. The variable angle transmission body (11) includes a plurality of circumferential components along the Y-axis. The transmission modules (111) are arranged in an array. The inner side of each transmission module (111) is provided with a cavity (110). The cavities (110) of several transmission modules (111) surround to form a specimen receiving cavity (100). The variable angle transmission assembly (12) includes a transmission rod (121) and a limiting transmission plate (122). The limiting transmission plate (122) is located in the specimen receiving cavity (100). The transmission rod (121) extends along the Y-axis. One end of the transmission rod (121) is connected to the second force transmission member (142). The other end of the transmission rod (121) is fixedly connected to the limiting transmission plate (122). When the transmission rod (121) rotates, it drives the limiting transmission plate (122) to rotate, thereby driving the variable angle transmission body (11) to rotate.

2. The true triaxial mechanical testing device for repeated loading and impact disturbances at varying angles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specimen receiving cavity (100) is rectangular. The variable angle transmission body (11) includes four transmission modules (111). Each transmission module (111) is provided with a cavity bottom surface (1111) and two cavity side surfaces (1112) for forming the cavity (110). The two cavity side surfaces (1112) are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the Y-axis. The cavity bottom surface (1111) is located between the two cavity side surfaces (1112) and is parallel to the Y-axis.

3. The true triaxial mechanical testing device for repeated loading and impact disturbances at varying angles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The variable angle transmission body (11) is spherical. The first force transmission member (141) is provided with a first arc-shaped force transmission plate (1411) that cooperates with the variable angle transmission body (11). The third force transmission member (143) is provided with a third arc-shaped force transmission plate (1431) that cooperates with the variable angle transmission body (11).

4. The true triaxial mechanical testing device for repeated loading and impact disturbance at varying angles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The variable angle transmission assembly (12) further includes a boss (123) disposed between the transmission rod (121) and the second force transmission member (142). An angle scale is provided on the boss (123). The boss (123) is fixedly connected to the transmission rod (121) and rotatably connected to the second force transmission member (142).

5. The true triaxial mechanical testing device for repeated loading and impact disturbances at varying angles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The box (13) includes a box body (131) with one end open and a box cover (132) that covers the box body (131). The box cover (132) is perpendicular to the Y-axis. The box cover (132) is provided with a plug (133) that is parallel to the Y-axis. The box body (131) is provided with a slot (134) that cooperates with the plug (133).

6. The true triaxial mechanical testing apparatus for repeated loading and impact disturbance at varying angles, as described in any one of claims 1-5, is characterized in that... It also includes a loading mechanism (2), which includes a first loading member (21) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable angle transmission mechanism (1) along the X-axis, a second loading member (22) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable angle transmission mechanism (1) along the Y-axis, and a third loading member (23) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable angle transmission mechanism (1) along the Z-axis. The first loading member (21) is connected to the first force transmission member (141), the second loading member (22) is connected to the second force transmission member (142), and the third loading member (23) is connected to the third force transmission member (143).

7. The true triaxial mechanical testing device for repeated loading and impact disturbances at varying angles, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that... It also includes a frame (4), which includes two parallel and opposite X-axis support plates (41) perpendicular to the X-axis, two parallel and opposite Y-axis support plates (42) perpendicular to the Y-axis, and two parallel and opposite Z-axis support plates (43). The first loading member (21) is disposed on the X-axis support plate (41), the second loading member (22) is disposed on the Y-axis support plate (42), and the third loading member (23) is disposed on the Z-axis support plate (43). A loading cavity (400) is formed between the X-axis support plate (41), the Y-axis support plate (42), and the Z-axis support plate (43). A guide post (44) and a loading mounting plate (45) are provided on the X-axis support plate (41), the Y-axis support plate (42), or the Z-axis support plate (43). The variable angle transmission mechanism (1) is provided on the loading mounting plate (45). A guide groove (46) that cooperates with the guide post (44) is provided on the frame (4).

8. The true triaxial mechanical testing device for repeated loading and impact disturbances at varying angles, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that... It also includes an impact mechanism (3), which is connected to the first force transmission member (141) located on one side of the variable angle transmission body (11) to generate impact disturbance to the variable angle transmission mechanism (1).

9. The true triaxial mechanical testing device for repeated loading and impact disturbance at varying angles as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The impact mechanism (3) includes at least an air gun (31), an impact tube (32) and an incident rod (33) connected in sequence, and the incident rod (33) is connected to the first force transmission member (141).

10. The true triaxial mechanical testing device for repeated loading and impact disturbance at varying angles, as described in claim 9, is characterized in that... The impact mechanism (3) also includes a connecting rod (34) and a wave rectifier (35) disposed between the impact tube (32) and the incident rod (33), and the impact mechanism (3) also includes a high-pressure air source (36) connected to the air gun (31).

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