Protection device, protection loop and battery system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of electronic control devices, in particular to a protection device, a protection loop and a battery system. The protection device comprises a static contact piece, a fixed assembly, a movable assembly and an exciter, the movable assembly can move relative to the fixed assembly, and the movable assembly comprises a movable contact piece; the movable assembly has an initial state and an excitation state, and when the movable assembly is in the initial state, the movable contact piece and the static contact piece are not conducted; when the movable assembly is in an excited state, the movable contact element is conducted with the static contact element; the exciter is fixed to the fixed assembly, and the exciter can be triggered so that the movable assembly can be switched to the excitation state from the initial state. The protection device can meet the requirements of short-circuit protection and discharge.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to electronic control device technical field, specifically, relate to a protection device, protection circuit and battery system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With new energy automobile high endurance, high reliability performance demand, the safe and reliable requirement of battery system is higher, and the system upgrade requirement needs to form short circuit loop and protect loop energy when short circuit occurs.

[0003] When the battery system or the main loop in the prior art short circuit occurs, there are two common protection methods. Taking the main loop short circuit as an example, one way is to set a fuse in the main loop, and the fuse will melt when short circuit occurs. Another way is to set a relay / contactor in the main loop. It is worth noting that if the residual current is too large, the safety cannot be guaranteed by using the fuse, that is, the fuse cannot meet the discharge requirement and the short circuit closing function at the same time. If the relay / contactor is stuck or pops open when short circuit occurs, the relay / contactor cannot meet the short circuit protection and discharge requirements at the same time.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to provide a protection structure that can meet the short circuit protection and discharge requirements at the same time. SUMMARY

[0005] The utility model embodiment provides a protection device, protection circuit and battery system, and the protection device can meet the short circuit protection and discharge requirements.

[0006] The utility model embodiment provides a protection device, which comprises a static contact, a fixing assembly, a movable assembly and an exciter.

[0007] The movable assembly can move relative to the fixing assembly, and the movable assembly comprises a dynamic contact; the movable assembly has an initial state and an excited state; when the movable assembly is in the initial state, the dynamic contact is not conductive with the static contact; when the movable assembly is in the excited state, the dynamic contact is conductive with the static contact.

[0008] The exciter is fixed to the fixing assembly, and the exciter can be triggered to switch the movable assembly from the initial state to the excited state.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the movable assembly cooperates with the fixing assembly to form a locking structure, and the locking structure is used to lock the position of the movable assembly in the excited state.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the fixed assembly is provided with a first through hole, and the movable assembly passes through the first through hole to be arranged in the fixed assembly; when the movable assembly is in an excited state, at least part of the movable assembly is engaged in the first through hole to lock the position of the movable assembly in the excited state; the movable assembly cooperates with the first through hole to form the locking structure.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the fixed assembly comprises a support plate, and the support plate is provided with the first through hole.

[0012] The movable assembly comprises a moving rod which is movable relative to the fixed assembly along a first direction, and the moving rod comprises a first segment and a second segment; along the first direction, the first segment is located on the side of the second segment which is towards the static contact; in a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the cross-sectional dimension of the first segment is smaller than the dimension of the first through hole, and the cross-sectional dimension of the second segment is larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the first segment; when the movable assembly is in an initial state, at least part of the first segment is arranged in the first through hole, and the second segment is located outside the first through hole; when the movable assembly is in an excited state, at least part of the second segment is engaged in the first through hole to lock the position of the movable assembly in the excited state.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the moving rod further comprises a third segment, and the first segment and the second segment are connected through the third segment.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the support plate comprises a main body part and a limiting protruding part, the first through hole is arranged in the main body part, and the limiting protruding part protrudes from the inner wall surface of the first through hole.

[0015] The peripheral surface of the first segment is provided with a groove, at least part of the limiting protruding part is located in the groove when the movable assembly is in the initial state, and the limiting protruding part is separated from the main body part when the movable assembly is in the excited state.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the moving rod further comprises a fourth segment, and along the first direction, the fourth segment is located on the side of the second segment which is away from the static contact; in a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the cross-sectional dimension of the fourth segment is larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the second segment; the fourth segment and the second segment form a stepped structure, and the stepped structure has a step surface; when the movable assembly is in the excited state, the second segment is completely arranged in the first through hole, and the step surface abuts against the side surface of the main body part of the support plate which is away from the static contact.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, the fixing assembly comprises a support plate and a clamping piece, the support plate is provided with a first through hole; the clamping piece is fixed to the support plate and located outside the first through hole; when the movable assembly is in the excited state, the clamping piece is clamped with the movable assembly to lock the position of the movable assembly in the excited state; the clamping piece cooperates with the movable assembly to form a locking structure.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, the fixing assembly comprises a support plate and a clamping piece, the support plate is provided with a second through hole; the clamping piece is fixed to the support plate and located outside the second through hole; when the movable assembly is in the excited state, the clamping piece is clamped with the movable assembly to lock the position of the movable assembly in the excited state; the clamping piece cooperates with the movable assembly to form a locking structure.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present application, the clamping piece is fixed to the support plate towards the side of the static contact; the clamping piece is provided with a third through hole, the aperture of the third through hole is smaller than the aperture of the second through hole, and the vertical projection of the third through hole on the support plate is located in the second through hole; the movable assembly passes through the support plate through the second through hole and the third through hole;

[0020] The movable assembly comprises a moving rod which can move relative to the fixing assembly along a first direction, the moving rod comprises a fifth segment, the peripheral surface of the fifth segment is provided with a groove, when the movable assembly is in the initial state, the clamping piece is placed outside the groove; when the movable assembly is in the excited state, at least part of the clamping piece is located in the groove.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present application, the clamping piece is welded on the surface of the support plate.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present application, the clamping piece is a metal sheet.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present application, the moving rod further comprises a sixth segment, along the first direction, the sixth segment is located on the side of the fifth segment away from the static contact; in the plane perpendicular to the first direction, the cross-sectional size of the sixth segment is larger than that of the fifth segment; the sixth segment and the fifth segment form a stepped structure, the stepped structure has a step surface, when the movable assembly is in the excited state, the step surface abuts against the side surface of the main body part of the support plate away from the static contact.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present application, the moving rod is a moving iron core; the movable assembly further comprises a push rod, the push rod follows the moving rod, and the dynamic contact follows the push rod.

[0025] Alternatively, the moving rod is a moving iron core, and the moving contact piece moves along with the moving rod.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present application, the number of the static contact pieces is two, and the two static contact pieces can contact and separate from the two ends of the moving contact piece.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present application, the fixing assembly further comprises an insulating cover connected with the support plate to form a receiving cavity, and the static contact piece and the moving contact piece contact in the receiving cavity.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present application, the moving contact piece is located on one side of the static contact piece, and the exciter is located on the side of the movable assembly away from the static contact piece.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present application, the exciter comprises an igniter.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present application, the igniter is provided with a filler, the filler can be ignited to generate gas, and the igniter pushes the movable assembly through the gas.

[0031] Alternatively, the igniter is provided with a filler and a piston rod, the filler can be ignited to generate gas, the piston rod is located in the diffusion space of the gas and can be pushed by the gas, and the igniter pushes the movable assembly through the piston rod.

[0032] According to some embodiments of the present application, the protection device further comprises a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is located near the static contact piece, and is used for monitoring the temperature of the static contact piece.

[0033] According to some embodiments of the present application, the protection device further comprises a micro switch, the micro switch comprises an auxiliary moving contact piece and an auxiliary static contact piece, the auxiliary moving contact piece moves along with the movable assembly, and the auxiliary static contact piece is fixed relative to the fixing assembly.

[0034] When the movable assembly is in an initial state, the auxiliary moving contact piece and the auxiliary static contact piece are conductive, and when the movable assembly is in an excited state, the auxiliary moving contact piece and the auxiliary static contact piece are not conductive.

[0035] Alternatively, when the movable assembly is in an initial state, the auxiliary moving contact piece and the auxiliary static contact piece are not conductive, and when the movable assembly is in an excited state, the auxiliary moving contact piece and the auxiliary static contact piece are conductive.

[0036] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the protection device further comprises an elastic assembly, and the moving rod pushes the moving contact in the first direction through the elastic assembly.

[0037] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the elastic assembly comprises a spring or a leaf spring.

[0038] The utility model further provides a protection circuit, comprising the protection device provided by any of the above technical solutions.

[0039] The utility model further provides a battery system, comprising the protection device provided by any of the above technical solutions.

[0040] The utility model further provides a battery system, comprising the protection circuit provided by any of the above technical solutions.

[0041] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the battery system further comprises a main circuit, and the protection circuit is connected in parallel with the main circuit and can pass the residual current in the main circuit in an interrupted state.

[0042] The above-mentioned utility model has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0043] 1. The activator in the protection device provided by the application can be triggered when the main circuit or the battery system is short-circuited, and the movable assembly is activated by the activator to make the moving contact and the static contact conductive, so that the protection circuit is conductive. Specifically, the protection circuit can be started according to the requirement to short-circuit the main circuit, so that the residual current in the main circuit is discharged through the protection circuit, thereby protecting the main circuit and improving the safety performance of the battery system.

[0044] 2. The locking structure in the protection device provided by the application fixes the position of the movable assembly in the activated state, so that the static contact and the moving contact in the movable assembly can be in continuous and effective contact, thereby resisting the short-circuit electrodynamic repulsive force generated between the moving contact and the static contact when they are in contact, and making the moving contact and the static contact continuously closed to achieve the circuit discharge function.

[0045] 3. After the movable assembly in the protection device provided by the application is activated by the activator, at least part of the movable assembly is placed in the first through hole and clamped with the inner wall of the first through hole to lock the position of the movable assembly in the activated state. Further, when the position of the movable assembly is locked, the static contact and the moving contact in the movable assembly can be in continuous and effective contact, thereby resisting the short-circuit electrodynamic repulsive force generated between the moving contact and the static contact when they are in contact, and making the moving contact and the static contact continuously closed to achieve the circuit discharge function.

[0046] 4. In the protection device provided in this application, at least a portion of the engaging member fixed to the outside of the second through hole of the support plate is used to engage with the movable component to lock the position of the moving rod in the activated state. When the position of the movable component is locked by the engaging member, the stationary contact and the moving contact inside the movable component can maintain continuous and effective contact to resist the short-circuit electric repulsion force generated between the two when the moving contact and the stationary contact are in contact, so that the moving contact and the stationary contact remain closed to achieve the circuit discharge function.

[0047] 5. The protection device provided in this application also includes a temperature sensor located near the static contact to monitor its temperature. This temperature sensor is connected to the battery system to enable real-time monitoring of the protection device's temperature rise, ensuring the device's safety performance.

[0048] 6. The protection device provided in this application also includes a micro switch, which realizes the detection of contact and separation of moving and stationary contacts, performs logic monitoring of the operation of the protection device, and ensures the reliability of the protection device's operation. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the protective device provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0050] Figure 2 The figure shown is a cross-sectional view at plane M when the first protective device provided in this embodiment of the present invention is in its initial state;

[0051] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view at plane M when the first protective device provided in this embodiment of the present invention is in the activated state;

[0052] Figure 4 What is shown is Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0053] Figure 5 What is shown is Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0054] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the second type of protection device provided in this embodiment of the present invention when it is in the activated state;

[0055] Figure 7 What is shown is Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0056] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the third protective device provided in this embodiment of the present invention in its initial state.

[0057] Figure 9 What is shown isFigure 8 An enlarged view of the middle D;

[0058] Figure 10 An enlarged view of the middle D;

[0059] Figure 11 An enlarged view of the middle D; Figure 10 An enlarged view of the middle D;

[0060] Figure 12 An enlarged view of the middle D;

[0061] Figure 13 An enlarged view of the middle D;

[0062] The following is the description of the reference signs:

[0063] 100, stationary contact; 200, fixing assembly; 210, support plate; 211, main body; 212, limiting protrusion; 213, first through hole; 214, second through hole; 220, clamping member; 221, third through hole; 230, insulating cover; 300, movable assembly; 310, movable contact; 320, push rod; 330, movable core; 331, first section; 3311, groove; 332, second section; 333, third section; 334, fourth section; 335, fifth section; 336, sixth section; 400, exciter; 500, micro switch; 510, auxiliary movable contact; 520, auxiliary stationary contact; 600, temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] Example embodiments now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments, however, can be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the figures, and thus description of the same will be simplified or omitted.

[0065] When a short circuit occurs in the battery system or the main circuit, a protection member such as a fuse installed in the main circuit or the battery system is fused to disconnect the battery system or the main circuit. Taking the main circuit as an example, after the main circuit is disconnected, there can be a residual current in the main circuit, which, if too large, can affect the safety performance of the battery system.

[0066] With the demand of high endurance and high reliability of new energy vehicles, the safety and reliability of the battery system are required to be higher, and the system upgrade requires the short circuit of the main circuit to form a short circuit loop and discharge the loop energy. Embodiments of the present application provide a battery system, which comprises a main loop and a discharge loop, the discharge loop is connected in parallel with the main loop, and the discharge loop can supply the residual current in the main loop in the interrupted state.

[0067] It should be noted that the battery system provided by the embodiments of the present application can start the protection loop according to the demand to short the main loop, so that the residual current in the main loop is discharged through the protection loop, thereby protecting the main loop and improving the safety performance of the battery system.

[0068] The protection loop is connected in parallel on both sides of the main loop and is controlled by a control module in the battery system. When a short circuit occurs in the battery system or the main loop, the control module can control the protection loop to be turned on. It should be understood that a structure for monitoring the circuit state in the main loop or the entire battery system can be provided in the battery system, so as to feed back a short circuit signal to the control module through the structure, thereby enabling the control module to effectively control the protection loop.

[0069] It should be noted that the protection loop in the above embodiments is also protected by the embodiments of the present application. The protection loop provided by the embodiments of the present application comprises a protection device, and the protection device can be a protection device in any of the following schemes to meet the short circuit protection and discharge requirements and improve the safety performance of the battery system. In addition, the battery system provided by the embodiments of the present application can also comprise a protection device, which can be a protection device in any of the following schemes to meet the short circuit protection and discharge requirements and improve the safety performance of the battery system.

[0070] The embodiments of the present application provide a protection device. Please refer to the structure shown in Figure 1 Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The protection device comprises a static contact 100, a fixed assembly 200, a movable assembly 300 and an exciter 400, wherein: the movable assembly 300 is movable relative to the fixed assembly 200. The movable assembly 300 comprises a dynamic contact 310; the movable assembly 300 has an initial state and an excited state, when the movable assembly 300 is in the initial state, the dynamic contact 310 is not conductive with the static contact 100; when the movable assembly 300 is in the excited state, the dynamic contact 310 is conductive with the static contact 100; the exciter 400 is fixed to the fixed assembly 200, and the exciter 400 can be triggered to switch the movable assembly 300 from the initial state to the excited state.

[0071] The static contact 100 can be selected in different shapes and contact structures. The movable contact 310 can adopt a movable contact piece, or a structure combining a movable contact piece and a contact. The movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 can be connected through contact conduction, or other structural members, which will not be described here. When the movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 are connected through contact conduction, the "movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 are not connected" means that the movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 are not in contact, and at this time, it can be understood that there is a gap between them greater than 0.

[0072] The movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 can be arranged in various ways. In an implementation, the movable contact 310 is located on one side of the static contact 100. The arrangement of the movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 forms a first direction, and the movable assembly 300 can move relative to the fixed assembly 200 along the first direction. The first direction is shown as direction Z in the drawings.

[0073] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 In the structure shown, the number of static contacts 100 in the protection device provided by the embodiment of the application is two, and the two static contacts 100 are in contact with the two ends of the movable contact 310, that is, the movable contact piece. Of course, the movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 in the protection device can also be in other contact forms, for example, the contact form in a snap-type relay.

[0074] It should be understood that please continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 When the movable assembly 300 is in the initial state, the movable contact 310 is not in contact with the static contact 100, and at this time, the protection circuit is in an interrupted state; when the movable assembly 300 is in the excited state, the movable contact 310 is in contact with the static contact 100, that is, the two are closed to form a closed loop, and at this time, the protection circuit is in a conductive state. In general, when the battery system or the main circuit is short-circuited, the control module triggers the exciter 400, which pushes the movable assembly 300 in the initial state to move upwards until the movable contact 310 contacts the static contact 100, and the movable assembly 300 is switched from the initial state to the excited state.

[0075] It should be noted that the exciter 400 in the protection device provided by the embodiment of the application can be triggered when the main circuit or the battery system is short-circuited, and the movable assembly 300 is excited by the exciter 400 to make the movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 conductive, so as to make the protection circuit conductive. Specifically, the protection circuit can be started as needed to short-circuit the main circuit, so that the residual current in the main circuit is discharged through the protection circuit, so as to protect the main circuit and improve the safety performance of the battery system.

[0076] To improve the stability of the protection circuit, the protection circuit is ensured to work stably. In an embodiment, the movable assembly 300 cooperates with the fixed assembly 200 to form a locking structure, which is used to lock the position of the movable assembly 300 in the excited state. As an example, the locking structure is used to lock the position of the movable assembly 300 in the excited state in the first direction. It should be understood that the relevant structural members for locking the position of the movable assembly 300 and the fixed assembly 200 can be divided into the fixed assembly 200 and / or the movable assembly 300.

[0077] It should be noted that the locking structure fixes the position of the movable assembly 300 in the excited state, so that the static contact 100 and the movable contact 310 in the movable assembly 300 can be in continuous and effective contact, to resist the short-circuit electrodynamic repulsive force generated between the movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 when they are in contact, so that the movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 are continuously closed to achieve the circuit discharge function.

[0078] Accordingly, when the protection device provided by the embodiments of the present application is applied to the protection circuit, the residual current in the main circuit can be continuously and effectively discharged through the protection circuit, to improve the protection effect on the main circuit, and further improve the safety performance of the battery system.

[0079] In the embodiments of the present application, the locking structure can be an excited jamming structure or a self-locking structure.

[0080] In an embodiment, please refer to the structure shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 The fixed assembly 200 is provided with a first through hole 213, and the movable assembly 300 passes through the fixed assembly 200 through the first through hole 213; when the movable assembly 300 is in the excited state, at least part of the movable assembly 300 is engaged in the first through hole 213, to lock the position of the movable assembly 300 in the excited state; the movable assembly 300 cooperates with the first through hole 213 to form a locking structure. In the embodiments of the present application, the locking structure can be understood as an excited jamming structure.

[0081] Taking the example that the locking structure is used to lock the position of the movable assembly 300 in the excited state in the first direction, after the movable assembly 300 is excited by the exciter 400, at least part of the movable assembly 300 is placed in the first through hole 213 and engaged with the inner wall of the first through hole 213, to lock the position of the movable assembly 300 in the excited state in the first direction. Further, when the position of the movable assembly 300 in the first direction is locked, the static contact 100 and the movable contact 310 in the movable assembly 300 can be in continuous and effective contact, to resist the short-circuit electrodynamic repulsive force generated between the movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 when they are in contact, so that the movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 are continuously closed to achieve the circuit discharge function.

[0082] In one embodiment, referring to the structure shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the fixed assembly 200 comprises a support plate 210, which is provided with a first through hole 213. Referring to the structure shown in Figures 2-3 and Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the movable assembly 300 comprises a moving rod, which is movable relative to the fixed assembly 200 along a first direction, and comprises a first section 331 and a second section 332 (separately shown in dashed lines). Along the first direction, the first section 331 is located on the side of the second section 332 facing the stationary contact 100. In a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the cross-sectional dimension of the first section 331 is smaller than the dimension of the first through hole 213, and the cross-sectional dimension of the second section 332 is larger than that of the first section 331. When the movable assembly 300 is in an initial state, at least part of the first section 331 is located in the first through hole 213, and the second section 332 is located outside the first through hole 213. When the movable assembly 300 is in an excited state, at least part of the second section 332 is engaged in the first through hole 213, so as to lock the position of the movable assembly 300 in the first direction in the excited state.

[0083] It should be noted that the second section 332 cooperates with the first through hole 213 to form a locking structure. Specifically, at least part of the second section 322 can be placed in the first through hole 213 and engaged with the inner wall of the first through hole 213 after the movable assembly 300 is excited by the exciter 400, so as to lock the position of the moving rod in the first direction in the excited state.

[0084] In one embodiment, referring to the structure shown in Figures 2-3 and Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the moving rod further comprises a third section 333, and the first section 331 and the second section 332 are transitionally connected through the third section 333. The surface of the third section 333 forms a guide slope, so as to facilitate the placement of the second section 332 in the first through hole 213 and the engagement thereof with the first through hole 213, and reduce the difficulty of excitation of the exciter 400, so that the protection circuit can timely and effectively play a role.

[0085] In one embodiment, referring to the structure shown in Figures 2-3 and Figure 4 and Figure 5The structure shown, the support plate 210 includes a main body part 211 and a limiting protrusion 212 (separately shown in dashed lines), a first through hole 213 is provided in the main body part 211, and the limiting protrusion 212 protrudes from the inner wall surface of the first through hole 213. The circumferential surface of the first section 331 is provided with a groove 3311, at least part of the limiting protrusion 212 is located in the groove 3311 when the movable assembly 300 is in the initial state; when the movable assembly 300 is in the excited state, the limiting protrusion 212 is separated from the main body part 211.

[0086] It should be noted that the limiting protrusion 212 provided on the support plate 210 cooperates with the groove 3311 provided on the first section 331 to limit the position of the moving rod in the first direction in the initial state, avoiding the moving rod from moving when not being excited by the exciter 400, causing the protection circuit to be closed incorrectly, and improving the structural performance of the entire protection device.

[0087] It should be noted that when the exciter 400 excites the movable assembly 300, the limiting protrusion 212 can be impacted by the moving rod and separated from the main body part 211 of the support plate 210, so that the second section 332 enters the first through hole 213 and is clamped therein.

[0088] Among them, the groove 3311 can be arranged around the circumferential surface of the first section 331, or can be located only on part of the surface of the first section 331, for example, the surface of the first section 331 can be provided with only one groove 3311 around part of the surface. Of course, the number of grooves 3311 on the surface of the first section 331 is not limited to one, and can also be set to other numbers according to needs, for example, the surface of the first section 331 is provided with two symmetrical grooves 3311; or, the surface of the first section 331 is provided with three grooves 3311, and the three grooves 3311 are uniformly spaced along the circumferential surface of the first section 331.

[0089] It can be understood that when a plurality of grooves 3311 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the first section 331, the stability of the moving rod in the first through hole 213 in the initial state can be improved, avoiding the axis of the moving rod to be inclined at a large angle relative to the center line of the first through hole 213, so that the moving rod can move smoothly in the first direction when being excited by the exciter 400.

[0090] In addition, the size of the limiting protrusion 212 protruding from the main body 211 cannot be too large or too small. If the size of the limiting protrusion 212 protruding from the main body 211 is too large, it will increase the difficulty of the moving rod breaking the limiting protrusion 212 from the main body 211, and thus the trigger 400 cannot switch the movable assembly 300 to the triggered state, thereby affecting the structural performance of the protection device. If the size of the limiting protrusion 212 protruding from the main body 211 is too small, it will cause the limiting protrusion 212 to be unable to be effectively placed in the groove 3311, affecting the stability of the moving rod in the first direction, and thus the protection circuit may be incorrectly closed, which cannot guarantee the structural performance of the entire protection device.

[0091] In one embodiment, please continue to combine Figures 2-3 Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The structure shown, the moving rod further includes a fourth segment 334, along the first direction, the fourth segment 334 is located on the side of the second segment 332 away from the static contact 100; in the plane perpendicular to the first direction, the cross-sectional size of the fourth segment 334 is greater than that of the second segment 332; the fourth segment 334 forms a stepped structure with the second segment 332, and the stepped structure has a step surface; when the movable assembly 300 is in the triggered state, the second segment 332 is completely placed in the first through hole 213, and the step surface abuts against the side surface of the main body 211 of the support plate 210 away from the static contact 100.

[0092] It should be noted that the step surface of the surface of the fourth segment 334 can limit the maximum movement distance of the moving rod in the first direction, so as to avoid excessive movement of the moving rod when switching from the initial state to the triggered state, and to avoid damaging the static contact 100, thereby improving the structural performance of the protection device.

[0093] When the movable assembly 300 is set, there are many possible structural forms of the moving rod, at least one of the following structural forms.

[0094] In one specific embodiment, please continue to combine Figures 2-3 Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The structure shown, the moving rod is a moving iron core 330; the movable assembly 300 further includes a push rod 320, the push rod 320 follows the moving rod, and the moving contact 310 follows the push rod 320.

[0095] In another specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The structure shown, the moving rod is a moving iron core 330, and the moving contact 310 follows the moving rod. It should be noted that the moving iron core 330 in the embodiment of the application is equivalent to combining Figure 2 and Figure 3 ​The moving iron core 330 and the push rod 320 in the movable assembly 300 are combined together to form an integrated structure to be triggered by the trigger 400. It should be noted that the structure in the specific embodiment reduces the number of structural components, simplifies the structure of the protection device, and reduces the assembly difficulty.

[0096] It can be understood that, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in the specific embodiment, the moving rod is shown to include a first segment 331, a second segment 332, and a third segment 333. Of course, the moving rod can also include a fourth segment 334, which will not be described in detail.

[0097] In another embodiment, referring to the structure shown in Figures 8-11 , the fixed assembly 200 includes a support plate 210 and a clamping member 220. The support plate 210 is provided with a second through hole 214. The clamping member 220 is fixed to the support plate 210 and located outside the second through hole 214. When the movable assembly 300 is in the triggered state, the clamping member 220 is clamped with the movable assembly 300 to lock the position of the movable assembly 300 in the triggered state. The clamping member cooperates with the movable assembly to form a locking structure. In this embodiment, the locking structure can be understood as a mechanical self-locking structure.

[0098] It should be noted that in this embodiment, at least part of the clamping member 220 fixed outside the second through hole 214 of the support plate 210 is used for clamping operation with the movable assembly 300 to lock the position of the moving rod in the triggered state. When the position of the movable assembly 300 is locked by the clamping member 220, the movable contact 310 in the movable assembly 300 and the static contact 100 can continuously and effectively contact to resist the short-circuit electro-repulsion force generated between the movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 when they are in contact, so that the movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 are continuously closed to achieve the loop discharge function.

[0099] In a specific embodiment, as shown in Figure 11 , the clamping member 220 is fixed to the side of the support plate 210 facing the static contact 100. The clamping member 220 is provided with a third through hole 221 as shown in Figure 12 . The aperture of the third through hole 221 is smaller than the aperture of the second through hole 214, and the vertical projection of the third through hole 221 on the support plate 210 is located in the second through hole 214. The movable assembly 300 passes through the support plate 210 through the second through hole 214 and the third through hole 221. The movable assembly 300 includes a moving rod that can move relative to the fixed assembly 200 in the first direction, as shown in Figure 9The movable rod comprises a fifth segment 335, and a groove 3311 is arranged on the peripheral surface of the fifth segment 335. When the movable assembly 300 is in the initial state, the engaging member 220 is arranged outside the groove 3311; when the movable assembly 300 is in the excited state, at least part of the engaging member 220 is arranged inside the groove 3311.

[0100] It should be noted that, when the actuator 400 pushes the movable rod, the groove 3311 on the fifth segment 335 moves from inside the second through hole 214 to the side of the support plate 210 facing the static contact 100. During the movement of the groove 3311, the movable rod impacts the engaging member 220 to deform it, so that at least part of the engaging member 220 is arranged in the groove 3311 to lock the position of the movable rod in the first direction in the excited state. After the position of the movable rod in the first direction is locked by the engaging member 220, the static contact 100 and the movable contact 310 in the movable assembly 300 can continue to effectively contact to resist the short-circuit electro-repulsion force generated between the movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 when they are in contact, so that the movable contact 310 and the static contact 100 continue to be closed to achieve the loop discharge function.

[0101] As shown in Figure 12 , the inner wall surface of the third through hole 221 formed by the engaging member 220 is provided with a plurality of interrupted notches, so as to facilitate the embedding of the engaging member 220 in the groove 3311, reduce the triggering difficulty of the locking structure, and make the protection circuit play a stable and effective role.

[0102] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 8-11 , the movable rod further comprises a sixth segment 336, which is located on the side of the fifth segment 335 away from the static contact 100 in the first direction; in the plane perpendicular to the first direction, the cross-sectional size of the sixth segment 336 is larger than that of the fifth segment 335; the sixth segment 336 and the fifth segment 335 form a stepped structure, and the stepped structure has a step surface, which abuts against the side surface of the main body 211 of the support plate 210 away from the static contact 100 when the movable assembly 300 is in the excited state.

[0103] It should be noted that the step surface of the sixth segment 336 can limit the maximum movement distance of the movable rod in the first direction, so as to avoid excessive movement of the movable rod when it is switched from the initial state to the excited state, and to avoid damage to the static contact 100, thereby improving the structural performance of the protection device.

[0104] Similarly, when the movable assembly 300 is arranged, there are many possible structural forms of the movable rod, at least one of which is one of the following structural forms.

[0105] In a specific embodiment, please continue to combine Figures 8-11As shown in the structure, the moving rod is the moving iron core 330; the movable assembly 300 further comprises a push rod 320, the push rod 320 follows the moving rod, and the moving contact 310 follows the push rod 320.

[0106] In another specific embodiment, the moving rod is the moving iron core 330, and the moving contact 310 follows the moving rod. It is worth noting that the moving iron core 330 in the embodiment of the application is equivalent to combining the moving iron core 330 and the push rod 320 in the structure shown in Figures 8-11 into an integrated structure to be triggered by the actuator 400. It should be noted that the structure in the specific embodiment reduces the number of structural components, simplifies the structure of the protection device, and reduces the assembly difficulty.

[0107] It is worth noting that the engagement piece 220 cooperates with the moving rod in the embodiment of the application to form a locking structure, and therefore the position of the engagement piece 220 needs to be fixed to avoid the engagement piece 220 being unable to effectively limit the moving rod. In one specific embodiment, the engagement piece 220 is welded to the surface of the support plate 210 to improve the firmness between the engagement piece 220 and the support plate 210, thereby improving the locking effect of the locking structure, so that the static contact 100 and the moving contact 310 in the movable assembly 300 can be in continuous and effective contact, thereby resisting the short-circuit electro-repulsion force generated between the moving contact 310 and the static contact 100 when they are in contact, and making the moving contact 310 and the static contact 100 continuously closed to achieve the loop discharge function.

[0108] Of course, the engagement piece 220 and the support plate 210 can also take other fixing forms according to requirements, such as clamping, riveting, etc., which will not be described in detail.

[0109] In one specific embodiment, the engagement piece 220 is a metal sheet to facilitate the welding operation of the engagement piece 220 and the support plate 210.

[0110] In one embodiment, please refer to the structure shown in Figures 1-3 and Figure 6 and Figure 8 The fixed assembly 200 further comprises an insulating cover 230 connected with the support plate 210 to form a containing cavity, and the static contact 100 and the moving contact 310 are in contact in the containing cavity.

[0111] It should be noted that the insulating cover 230 can be a high-strength plastic cover (as shown in Figure 6 , or a ceramic cover (as shown in Figures 1-3 The material of the insulating cover 230 can be set according to requirements, which will not be described here.

[0112] Please continue to refer to Figures 1-3 and Figure 6In the shown structure, it is worth noting that part of the static contact 100 protrudes from the insulating cover 230 to form a leading end. When the material of the insulating cover 230 is different, the structure of the static contact 100 and the leading form from the insulating cover 230 can be different. The static contact 100 and the insulating cover 230 can be fixed by screwing, riveting, hot pressing or welding.

[0113] In one embodiment, please continue to refer to Figures 1-3 Reference Figure 13 In the shown structure, the exciter 400 is located on the side of the movable assembly 300 away from the static contact 100. As an example, the exciter 400 can make the movable assembly 300 move in the first direction.

[0114] In one embodiment, the exciter 400 includes an igniter.

[0115] It should be noted that the igniter can be selected to have a filler and a piston according to the energy requirement. Specifically, the igniter is provided with a filler, and the filler can be ignited to generate gas; the igniter pushes the movable assembly 300 through the gas; or, the igniter is provided with a filler and a piston rod, the filler can be ignited to generate gas; the piston rod is located in the diffusion space of the gas and can be pushed by the gas to move in the first direction; the igniter pushes the movable assembly 300 through the piston rod.

[0116] It is worth noting that when the exciter 400 is an igniter, the control module of the battery system triggers the exciter 400, and the igniter is ignited.

[0117] When the exciter 400 is set, the exciter 400 can simultaneously realize the sealing function, specifically, the exciter 400 can effectively seal the movable assembly 300. The exciter 400 can be fixed on the support plate 210 by a metal shell, or can be fixed on the support plate 210 by a high-strength plastic guide frame, and is connected in parallel with the main circuit of the battery system, and is triggered by the control module for protection when the main circuit is short-circuited.

[0118] It should be understood that the exciter 400 and the support plate 210 can be fixed by screwing, welding and the like, and details are not repeated.

[0119] In one embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown in the structure, the protection device provided by the embodiment of the present application further comprises a micro switch 500, which detects the contact and separation of the movable contact 310 and the static contact 100, and logically monitors the action of the protection device to ensure the reliability of the action of the protection device. The micro switch 500 comprises an auxiliary movable contact 510 and an auxiliary static contact 520. The auxiliary movable contact 510 moves with the movable assembly 300, and the auxiliary static contact 520 is fixed relative to the fixed assembly 200. For example, the auxiliary static contact 520 is fixed relative to the support plate 210.

[0120] It is worth noting that the micro switch 500 can be in a normally closed state or a normally open state. When the movable assembly 300 is in the initial state, the auxiliary movable contact 510 is in conduction with the auxiliary static contact 520; when the movable assembly 300 is in the excited state, the auxiliary movable contact 510 is not in conduction with the auxiliary static contact 520. Alternatively, when the movable assembly 300 is in the initial state, the auxiliary movable contact 510 is not in conduction with the auxiliary static contact 520; when the movable assembly 300 is in the excited state, the auxiliary movable contact 510 is in conduction with the auxiliary static contact 520.

[0121] It should be understood that the auxiliary movable contact 510 and the auxiliary static contact 520 can be in conduction through contact, or they can be in conduction through other structural members, which will not be described here in detail. When the auxiliary movable contact 510 and the auxiliary static contact 520 are in conduction through contact, “the auxiliary movable contact 510 and the auxiliary static contact 520 are not in conduction” means that “the auxiliary movable contact 510 and the auxiliary static contact 520 are not in contact”, and at this time it can be understood that there is a gap between them greater than 0.

[0122] As an example, taking the auxiliary movable contact 510 and the auxiliary static contact 520 as a normally open state as an example. When the movable assembly 300 is in the initial state, the movable contact 310 is not in contact with the static contact 100, and the auxiliary movable contact 510 is not in contact with the auxiliary static contact 520. During the process of switching the movable assembly 300 from the initial state to the excited state, the movable contact 310 moves in the first direction, and the auxiliary movable contact 510 moves with the movable contact 310. When the movable assembly 300 is in the excited state, the movable contact 310 contacts the static contact 100, and the auxiliary movable contact 510 contacts the auxiliary static contact 520.

[0123] For example, the auxiliary movable contact 510 and the auxiliary stationary contact 520 are in a normally closed state. When the movable assembly 300 is in the initial state, the movable contact 310 is not in contact with the stationary contact 100, and the auxiliary movable contact 510 is in contact with the auxiliary stationary contact 520. During the switching of the movable assembly 300 from the initial state to the excited state, the movable contact 310 moves in the first direction, and the auxiliary movable contact 510 moves with the movable contact 310. When the movable assembly 300 is in the excited state, the movable contact 310 is in contact with the stationary contact 100, and the auxiliary movable contact 510 is out of contact with the auxiliary stationary contact 520.

[0124] In addition, the position of the micro switch 500 is not limited to the position shown in the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, and can be set at other positions according to requirements, which will not be described in detail.

[0125] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The protection device further comprises a temperature sensor 600, which is located near the stationary contact 100 and is used to monitor the temperature of the stationary contact 100. As shown in Figure 1 The temperature sensor 600 is arranged outside the insulating cover 230 and is close to the outgoing end of the stationary contact 100. The temperature sensor 600 is connected to the battery system to realize real-time monitoring of the temperature rise of the protection device and ensure the safety performance of the protection device.

[0126] It should be noted that the temperature sensor 600 can be arranged at other positions according to requirements, which will not be described in detail.

[0127] In one embodiment, the protection device further comprises an elastic assembly, and the moving rod pushes the movable contact 310 to move in the first direction through the elastic assembly. Specifically, the moving rod pushes the movable contact 310 through the elastic assembly to switch the movable assembly 300 from the initial state to the excited state, thereby providing pressure for the movement of the moving rod.

[0128] In a specific embodiment, the elastic assembly comprises a spring or a leaf spring.

[0129] Finally, it should be pointed out that: it can be understood that the various embodiments / embodiments provided by the present application can be combined with each other without contradiction, which will not be described one by one here.

[0130] In the embodiments of the utility model, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more than two, unless otherwise explicitly limited. The terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connecting" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; "connecting" can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0131] In the description of the embodiments of the utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or units referred to must have a particular direction, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the utility model.

[0132] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "a specific embodiment" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0133] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not used to limit the utility model, and the utility model can have various changes and changes for those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A protection device, characterized in that The application relates to a static contact, a fixed assembly, a movable assembly and an exciter, wherein: The movable assembly is movable relative to the fixed assembly, and the movable assembly comprises a dynamic contact; the movable assembly has an initial state and an excited state; when the movable assembly is in the initial state, the dynamic contact is not conductive with the static contact; when the movable assembly is in the excited state, the dynamic contact is conductive with the static contact; The exciter is fixed to the fixed assembly, and the exciter can be triggered to switch the movable assembly from the initial state to the excited state. The movable assembly cooperates with the fixed assembly to form a locking structure, and the locking structure is used to lock the position of the movable assembly in the excited state.

2. The protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that The fixed assembly is provided with a first through hole, and the movable assembly passes through the fixed assembly through the first through hole; when the movable assembly is in the excited state, at least part of the movable assembly is engaged in the first through hole to lock the position of the movable assembly in the excited state; the movable assembly cooperates with the first through hole to form the locking structure.

3. The protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that The fixed assembly comprises a support plate, and the support plate is provided with the first through hole; 4. The protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that The movable assembly comprises a moving rod which is movable in a first direction relative to the fixed assembly, the moving rod comprises a first section and a second section, and in the first direction, the first section is located on the side of the second section which is closer to the static contact; in a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the cross-sectional dimension of the first section is smaller than the dimension of the first through hole, and the cross-sectional dimension of the second section is larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the first section; when the movable assembly is in the initial state, at least part of the first section is located in the first through hole, and the second section is located outside the first through hole; when the movable assembly is in the excited state, at least part of the second section is engaged in the first through hole to lock the position of the movable assembly in the excited state. The moving rod further comprises a third section, and the first section and the second section are connected through the third section.

5. The protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that The support plate comprises a main body part and a limiting protruding part, the first through hole is arranged on the main body part, and the limiting protruding part protrudes from the inner wall surface of the first through hole; 6. The protection device of claim 4, wherein The peripheral surface of the first section is provided with a groove, at least part of the limiting protruding part is located in the groove when the movable assembly is in the initial state, and the limiting protruding part is separated from the main body part when the movable assembly is in the excited state. The moving rod further comprises a fourth section, and in the first direction, the fourth section is located on the side of the second section which is away from the static contact; in a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the cross-sectional dimension of the fourth section is larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the second section; the fourth section and the second section form a stepped structure, and the stepped structure has a step surface; when the movable assembly is in the excited state, the second section is completely located in the first through hole, and the step surface abuts against the side surface of the main body part of the support plate which is away from the static contact.

7. Protection according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that ​ 8. The protection device of claim 2, wherein The fixing assembly comprises a support plate and a clamping piece, the support plate is provided with a second through hole; the clamping piece is fixed to the support plate and located outside the second through hole; when the movable assembly is in an excited state, the clamping piece is clamped with the movable assembly to lock the position of the movable assembly in the excited state; the clamping piece cooperates with the movable assembly to form a locking structure.

9. The protection device of claim 8, wherein, The clamping piece is fixed to the support plate towards the static contact; the clamping piece is provided with a third through hole, the aperture of the third through hole is smaller than the aperture of the second through hole, and the vertical projection of the third through hole on the support plate is located in the second through hole; the movable assembly passes through the support plate through the second through hole and the third through hole; The movable assembly comprises a moving rod which can move relative to the fixing assembly along a first direction, the moving rod comprises a fifth section, the peripheral surface of the fifth section is provided with a groove; when the movable assembly is in an initial state, the clamping piece is located outside the groove; when the movable assembly is in an excited state, at least part of the clamping piece is located in the groove.

10. The protection device according to claim 9, characterized in that The clamping piece is welded on the surface of the support plate.

11. The protection device according to claim 10, characterized in that The clamping piece is a metal sheet.

12. Protection device according to any of claims 9-11, characterized in that The moving rod further comprises a sixth section, along the first direction, the sixth section is located on the side of the fifth section away from the static contact; in the plane perpendicular to the first direction, the cross-sectional size of the sixth section is larger than that of the fifth section; the sixth section and the fifth section form a stepped structure, the stepped structure has a step surface, when the movable assembly is in an excited state, the step surface abuts against the side surface of the main body of the support plate away from the static contact.

13. The protective device of claims 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, or 11, wherein, The moving rod is a moving iron core; the movable assembly further comprises a push rod, the push rod follows the moving rod, and the dynamic contact follows the push rod. Alternatively, the moving rod is a moving iron core, and the dynamic contact follows the moving rod.

14. The protective device of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, or 11, wherein, The number of the static contacts is two, and the two static contacts can contact and separate from the two ends of the dynamic contact.

15. The protective device of claims 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, or 11, wherein, The fixing assembly further comprises an insulating cover, the insulating cover is connected with the support plate to form a containing cavity, and the static contact and the dynamic contact contact in the containing cavity.

16. The protective device of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, or 11, wherein, The dynamic contact is located on the side of the static contact, and the exciter is located on the side of the movable assembly away from the static contact.

17. The protective device of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, or 11, wherein, The exciter comprises an igniter.

18. The protection device of claim 17, wherein, The igniter is provided with a filler, the filler can be ignited to generate gas; the igniter pushes the movable assembly through the gas; Alternatively, the igniter is provided with a filler and a piston rod, the filler can be ignited to generate gas; the piston rod is located in the diffusion space of the gas and can be pushed by the gas; the igniter pushes the movable assembly through the piston rod.

19. The protective device of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, or 11, wherein, The protection device further comprises a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is located near the static contact and is used for monitoring the temperature of the static contact.

20. The protective device of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, or 11, wherein, The protection device further comprises a micro switch, the micro switch comprising an auxiliary movable contact and an auxiliary stationary contact, the auxiliary movable contact moving along with the movable assembly, the auxiliary stationary contact being fixed relative to the stationary assembly; When the movable assembly is in the initial state, the auxiliary movable contact is in conduction with the auxiliary stationary contact; when the movable assembly is in the excited state, the auxiliary movable contact is not in conduction with the auxiliary stationary contact; Or, when the movable assembly is in the initial state, the auxiliary movable contact is not in conduction with the auxiliary stationary contact; when the movable assembly is in the excited state, the auxiliary movable contact is in conduction with the auxiliary stationary contact.

21. The protective device of claims 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, or 11, wherein, The protection device further comprises an elastic assembly, the moving rod pushing the movable contact to move in the first direction through the elastic assembly.

22. The protection device of claim 21, wherein, The elastic assembly comprises a spring or a leaf spring.

23. A protection circuit, characterized in that A protection device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 22.

24. A battery system characterized by, A protection device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 22.

25. A battery system characterized by, A protection circuit as claimed in claim 23.

26. The battery system of claim 25, wherein, Further comprising a main circuit, the protection circuit being connected in parallel with the main circuit, and being capable of passing the residual current left in the main circuit in the interrupted state.

Images