BMS based on single-chip microcomputer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a BMS (Battery Management System) based on a singlechip, which relates to the technical field of BMS and comprises a singlechip, and a communication module, a monomer acquisition module, a display screen and a relay driving module which are respectively in communication connection with the singlechip, the monomer acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage temperature data of a battery monomer and sending the voltage temperature data to the single chip microcomputer; the single-chip microcomputer is used for sending the voltage and temperature data of the single batteries to the communication module and the display screen. The single-chip microcomputer is used for issuing a control instruction to the relay driving module. The communication module is in communication connection with peripheral equipment, and is used for sending the voltage and temperature data of the single battery to the peripheral equipment, receiving information of the peripheral equipment and sending the information to the single chip microcomputer; the display screen is used for displaying voltage and temperature data of the battery monomers in real time; the relay driving module is used for controlling relay switches. The utility model provides a hardware support for the battery management function of the lithium battery product, and has the advantages of small volume and low cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to BMS technical field especially a BMS based on singlechip. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the popularity of electric vehicles and lithium battery products, there is an increasing need for battery management systems (BMS) with lower cost and smaller size. BMS is mainly used to manage and maintain individual battery cells, prevent overcharging and overdischarging of the battery, prolong the service life of the battery, and monitor the status of the battery.

[0003] In the prior art, the BMS of an electric vehicle generally requires the use of automotive-grade electronic components, but automotive-grade chips are expensive. In addition, the battery management function of the lithium battery product in the prior art is not comprehensive. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0004] To overcome the defects in the prior art, the utility model provides a BMS based on a singlechip, which provides hardware support for the battery management function of a lithium battery product, has a small size, and is low in cost.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme, comprising:

[0006] A BMS based on a singlechip, comprising a singlechip and a communication module, a single-cell acquisition module, a display screen, and a relay drive module, which are respectively in communication connection with the singlechip;

[0007] The single-cell acquisition module is used to acquire voltage and temperature data of the battery cell and send the voltage and temperature data of the battery cell to the singlechip;

[0008] After receiving the voltage and temperature data of the battery cell, the singlechip is used to send the voltage and temperature data of the battery cell to the communication module and the display screen;

[0009] The singlechip is used to issue control instructions to the relay drive module;

[0010] The communication module is in communication connection with external devices and is used to send the voltage and temperature data of the battery cell to the external devices; the communication module is also used to receive information from the external devices and send the information to the singlechip;

[0011] The display screen is used to display the voltage and temperature data of the battery cell in real time;

[0012] The relay drive module is used to control the relay switch.

[0013] Preferably, the singlechip adopts an STM32 chip, which includes an IIC, SPI, and CAN communication peripheral interface.

[0014] Preferably, the communication module adopts CAN communication mode to communicate with the single-chip microcomputer and external equipment.

[0015] Preferably, the single-body acquisition module adopts SPI communication mode and transmits data to the single-chip microcomputer through an isolation chip.

[0016] Preferably, the display screen adopts IIC communication mode or SPI communication mode to communicate with the single-chip microcomputer.

[0017] Preferably, the relay driving module adopts a transistor to drive a MOS tube, thereby controlling the relay switch.

[0018] Preferably, the BMS further comprises a power module for supplying power to each part of the BMS.

[0019] Preferably, the power supply adopts a DC / DC power chip or an LDO chip.

[0020] Preferably, the single-chip microcomputer is further used to acquire current data of the battery and send the current data of the battery to the communication module and the display screen; the communication module is used to send the current data of the battery to external equipment; and the display screen is used to display the current data of the battery in real time.

[0021] Preferably, the single-chip microcomputer can be replaced by a DSP chip or an FPGA chip.

[0022] The BMS has the advantages that:

[0023] (1) The BMS provides hardware support for battery management functions of lithium battery products, has a small size and low cost.

[0024] (2) The BMS based on an STM32 adopts an STM32 chip, has the advantages of small size, powerful function and low price, and comprises various peripheral interfaces such as IIC, SPI and CAN, and is rich in resources.

[0025] (3) The BMS utilizes a single-body acquisition module to acquire battery single-body (cell) voltage and temperature, thereby providing hardware support for real-time monitoring of the voltage and temperature of the battery single-body.

[0026] (4) The single-body acquisition module of the BMS is a battery pack monitor, can specifically adopt an LTC6804 chip, can acquire a maximum of 12 strings of single-body voltage and temperature, has passive equalization control capability, and can transmit data to the single-chip microcomputer through an isolation chip in an SPI communication mode.

[0027] (5) The communication module of the application realizes the transmission of battery state data and external information based on the CAN communication mode. Specifically, the communication module adopts a CAN chip, such as an SN65HVD230 chip, which has the ability to support all CAN rates, and cooperates with the design of a bidirectional TVS tube (bidirectional transient voltage suppression diode), thereby having good electrostatic protection and stable communication function.

[0028] (6) The relay driving module of the application adopts a transistor to drive a MOS tube, thereby controlling a relay switch and realizing the driving of a high-power switch by a small voltage, and providing hardware support for the control function of the relay.

[0029] (7) The application utilizes a display screen and uses the IIC communication mode or the SPI communication mode to communicate with a single-chip microcomputer, so that the real-time display of the current maximum single-cell voltage, the minimum single-cell voltage and the SOC can be realized.

[0030] (8) The power supply of the application adopts a DC / DC power supply chip or an LDO chip, such as an MP1584EN power management chip, which converts 12V input into 3.3V output, adopts a buck circuit, has small heat and high efficiency.

[0031] (9) The application can be used for the protection and charge-discharge control of more than 10 strings of single cells or modules, and is extremely suitable for two-wheeled vehicle use and lithium battery product occasions.

[0032] (10) The BMS of an electric vehicle generally requires the use of automotive-grade electronic components, and the STM32 single-chip microcomputer adopted by the application is not an automotive-grade chip, but the function thereof can realize the BMS demand of an electric vehicle. The application realizes the functional design of the BMS without using expensive automotive-grade chips, and creatively adds a display screen to display the voltage and temperature data of the battery single cells in real time, so that the real-time state of the battery can be known without using a diagnostic tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a single-chip microcomputer circuit diagram of the application.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a communication module circuit diagram of the application.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a single-cell collection module circuit diagram of the application.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a relay driving module circuit diagram of the application.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a power module circuit diagram of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be apparently and completely described in connection with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all the other embodiments obtained by the ordinary skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0039] A BMS based on a single-chip microcomputer comprises a single-chip microcomputer, a communication module, a single-cell collection module, a display screen and a relay driving module in communication connection with the single-chip microcomputer respectively, and a power module.

[0040] The single-cell collection module is used for collecting voltage and temperature data of the battery single cell (electrical core) and sending the voltage and temperature data of the battery single cell to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0041] After receiving the voltage and temperature data of the battery single cell, the single-chip microcomputer sends the voltage and temperature data of the battery single cell to the communication module and the display screen. The single-chip microcomputer is also used for collecting current data of the battery and sending the current data of the battery to the communication module and the display screen. The single-chip microcomputer also has the function of data processing, can calculate the SOC and other information of the battery according to the relevant data of the battery and send the SOC and other information of the battery to the communication module and the display screen. The single-chip microcomputer also has the function of issuing control instructions, can issue control instructions to the relay driving module according to external information or according to the state of the battery. The functions of data processing and issuing control instructions of the single-chip microcomputer are prior art.

[0042] The communication module is in communication connection with external equipment, is used for sending the voltage and temperature data of the battery single cell, the current data of the battery and the SOC and other information of the battery to the external equipment. The communication module is also used for receiving external information of the external equipment and sending to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0043] The display screen is used for displaying the voltage and temperature data of the battery single cell, the current data of the battery and the SOC and other information of the battery in real time.

[0044] The relay driving module is used for controlling the relay switch, and the relay switch is used for controlling the external charging and discharging of the battery.

[0045] The power module is used for supplying power to each part in the BMS.

[0046] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the single-chip microcomputer adopts an STM32 chip, specifically an stm32f103c8t6 chip, which has the advantages of small size, powerful functions, and low price. The stm32f103c8t6 chip has 48 pins and is rich in resources, with IIC, SPI, CAN, and other peripheral interfaces. In addition to the STM32 chip, DSP chips, FPGA chips, and other processing and control chips can also be used to realize processing and control functions.

[0047] As shown in the figure, Figure 2 The communication module adopts a CAN chip, specifically an SN65HVD230 chip, which uses CAN communication mode to communicate with the single-chip microcomputer and external devices. It has the ability to support all CAN rates and is designed with a bidirectional TVS tube (bidirectional transient voltage suppression diode) to provide good electrostatic protection and stable communication functions. The communication module can also be replaced with other manufacturers' CAN transceivers (CAN chips).

[0048] As shown in the figure, Figure 3 The single-cell collection module is a battery pack monitor, specifically using an LTC6804 chip, which can collect voltage and temperature data from up to 12 strings of single cells and has passive equalization control capabilities. It uses SPI communication mode through an isolation chip to transmit data to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0049] The display screen uses an OLED display screen or a TFT display screen, specifically a 0.96-inch screen, which uses IIC communication mode or SPI communication mode to communicate with the single-chip microcomputer. It displays the voltage and temperature data of the battery single cells, the current data of the battery, and the SOC information of the battery on the display screen.

[0050] As shown in the figure, Figure 4 The relay drive module uses a triode to drive a MOS tube, which in turn controls the relay switch.

[0051] As shown in the figure, Figure 5 The power supply uses a DC / DC power supply chip or an LDO chip, specifically an MP1584EN power management chip, which converts 12V input to 3.3V output. It uses a buck circuit, has low heat, and high efficiency.

[0052] The BMS based on a single-chip microcomputer provided by the application is designed by using a single-chip microcomputer and a single collection module, has the functions of monitoring the voltage and temperature of the battery single and the battery current, has a passive balancing function, has a control function of a relay switch, uses a display screen to display the current maximum and minimum single voltage and SOC in real time, sends the voltage and temperature information of all the single through CAN communication, has a small volume and low cost, and specifically, the BMS provided by the application has a volume of only 100mm*80mm, the application can realize the protection and charge-discharge control of more than 10 series of single or modules, and is extremely suitable for two-wheeled vehicle and lithium battery product occasions, such as UPS / movable charging pile / home energy storage management occasions.

[0053] The BMS of an electric vehicle generally requires the use of automotive-grade electronic components, the STM32 single-chip microcomputer adopted by the application is not an automotive-grade chip, but the function thereof can realize the BMS requirement of the electric vehicle, the application realizes the function design of the BMS without using expensive automotive-grade chips, and the display screen is added to display the voltage and temperature data of the battery single in real time, so that the real-time state of the battery can be known without using a diagnostic tool.

[0054] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the application, and is not used to limit the application, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the application should be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A single-chip microcomputer-based BMS, characterized by, The application relates to a battery management system (BMS) and a method for collecting and transmitting battery data. The BMS comprises a single-chip microcomputer and a communication module, a single-cell collecting module, a display screen and a relay driving module which are respectively connected with the single-chip microcomputer. The single-cell collecting module is used for collecting voltage and temperature data of a battery cell and sending the voltage and temperature data of the battery cell to the single-chip microcomputer. After receiving the voltage and temperature data of the battery cell, the single-chip microcomputer is used for sending the voltage and temperature data of the battery cell to the communication module and the display screen. The single-chip microcomputer is used for issuing a control instruction to the relay driving module. The communication module is connected with an external device and is used for sending the voltage and temperature data of the battery cell to the external device; the communication module is also used for receiving information of the external device and sending the information to the single-chip microcomputer. The display screen is used for displaying the voltage and temperature data of the battery cell in real time. The relay driving module is used for controlling a relay switch.

2. The single-chip microcomputer-based BMS according to claim 1, characterized by, The single-chip microcomputer adopts an STM32 chip and comprises peripheral interfaces of IIC, SPI and CAN communication.

3. The single-chip microcomputer-based BMS according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, The communication module adopts a CAN communication mode to communicate with the single-chip microcomputer and external devices.

4. The single-chip microcomputer-based BMS according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, The single-cell collecting module adopts an SPI communication mode and communicates with the single-chip microcomputer through an isolation chip.

5. The single-chip microcomputer-based BMS according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, The display screen adopts an IIC communication mode or an SPI communication mode to communicate with the single-chip microcomputer.

6. The single-chip microcomputer-based BMS according to claim 1, characterized by, The relay driving module adopts a transistor to drive a MOS tube, thereby controlling the relay switch.

7. The single-chip microcomputer-based BMS according to claim 1, characterized by, The BMS further comprises a power module which is used for supplying power to each part of the BMS.

8. The single-chip microcomputer-based BMS according to claim 7, characterized by, The power module adopts a DC / DC power chip or an LDO chip.

9. The single-chip microcomputer-based BMS according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, The single-chip microcomputer is also used for collecting current data of the battery and sending the current data of the battery to the communication module and the display screen; the communication module is used for sending the current data of the battery to the external device; and the display screen is used for displaying the current data of the battery in real time.

10. The single-chip microcomputer-based BMS according to claim 2, characterized by, The single-chip microcomputer is replaced by a DSP chip or an FPGA chip.

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