Mounting structure of SAR antenna and hyperspectral imager and unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides an installation structure of SAR antennas and a hyperspectral imager and an unmanned aerial vehicle, and relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, the number of the SAR antennas is two, and the SAR antennas comprise an airborne installation platform which is used for being arranged in the belly of the unmanned aerial vehicle; the integrated installation platform is detachably connected to the lower portion of the airborne installation platform, the integrated installation platform comprises two installation frames, the two installation frames are connected through a connecting part to form a splayed structure at least with an opening in the lower end, one SAR antenna is installed in each installation frame, an installation space is formed between the two installation frames, and the two installation frames are arranged in the splayed structure. The hyperspectral imager is mounted in the mounting space, and a camera of the hyperspectral imager faces downwards; the problems that in the prior art, a single carrying mode of detection equipment on an unmanned aerial vehicle is adopted, efficiency is low, formed achievements are single, and the detection requirement of the unmanned aerial vehicle is difficult to meet are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, and more specifically, relates to an installation structure for a SAR antenna and a hyperspectral imager, and an UAV. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of UAV data acquisition and integrated processing, the number of mission payloads that UAVs can carry is often limited due to the limitations of their payload and power supply capabilities. If two or more payloads can be integrated into the design and manufacturing process, with only a small increase in weight and power consumption compared to a single payload, more payloads can be carried within the UAV's carrying capacity, enabling the UAV to perform integrated missions and meet the needs of intelligent UAV development. For example, SAR and hyperspectral imagers, when carried alone, have low detection efficiency and produce relatively simple results. Carrying them together allows a single UAV to simultaneously acquire target SAR and hyperspectral feature information, enabling real-time fusion processing of SAR and hyperspectral mission data. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing an installation structure for a SAR antenna and a hyperspectral imager, as well as an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). This solves the problem that the single mounting mode of detection equipment on UAVs in existing technologies results in low efficiency and limited output, making it difficult to meet the detection needs of UAVs.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a mounting structure for a SAR antenna and a hyperspectral imager, wherein two SAR antennas are provided, including:

[0005] An airborne mounting platform, which is used to be installed inside the fuselage of a UAV;

[0006] An integrated mounting platform is detachably connected to the lower part of the airborne mounting platform. The integrated mounting platform includes two mounting frames, which are connected by a connecting part to form a figure-eight structure with at least an opening at the lower end. Each mounting frame has a SAR antenna installed inside it. An installation space is formed between the two mounting frames, and a hyperspectral imager is installed in the installation space with the camera of the hyperspectral imager facing downwards.

[0007] Optionally, it also includes a fairing for connection to the underside of the fuselage, the fairing forming a receiving space capable of accommodating the integrated mounting platform on which the SAR antenna and the hyperspectral imager are mounted.

[0008] Optionally, each of the two mounting frames is provided with a mounting ear on one side close to each other, and the hyperspectral imager is disposed between the two mounting ears and connected to the mounting ears.

[0009] Optionally, the mounting frame has a first mounting port and a second mounting port arranged sequentially from bottom to top inside. The SAR antenna is installed in the first mounting port, and a fan is installed in the second mounting port. The second mounting port is connected to the first mounting port through a connecting hole.

[0010] Optionally, a shock absorber is provided on the top of the mounting frame, and the mounting frame is detachably connected to the airborne mounting platform via the shock absorber.

[0011] Optionally, the airborne mounting platform includes a first mounting plate, which includes a plurality of first mounting holes for engaging with first mounting screws to mount an electronics control chassis.

[0012] Optionally, a second mounting plate is provided at one end of each of the two mounting frames. The second mounting plate includes a plurality of second mounting holes for engaging with second mounting screws to mount a POS antenna.

[0013] Optionally, the fairing includes a first cover and a second cover arranged sequentially from top to bottom, wherein the first cover is a wave-transparent cover and the bottom of the second cover is provided with an optical glass window.

[0014] This utility model also provides a drone, including:

[0015] The fuselage has a window located in its abdominal region;

[0016] The aforementioned SAR antenna and hyperspectral imager mounting structure includes an airborne mounting platform located inside the fuselage. The integrated mounting platform passes through the window and is detachably connected to the airborne mounting platform.

[0017] Optionally, a fairing is connected to the lower part of the fuselage, and an accommodating space is formed inside the fairing. The integrated mounting platform for installing the SAR antenna and the hyperspectral imager is disposed in the accommodating space.

[0018] This invention provides an installation structure for a SAR antenna and a hyperspectral imager, and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Its advantages are as follows: This installation structure integrates two SAR antennas and a hyperspectral imager onto a UAV. The UAV carries two detection modes simultaneously. The airborne installation platform can be fixed inside the UAV's fuselage. The integrated installation platform is detachably installed below the airborne platform. The integrated installation platform mounts two SAR antennas respectively through two mounting frames, and the hyperspectral imager is installed in the installation space between the two mounting frames. This achieves integrated installation of the SAR antenna and the hyperspectral imager, forming a simple, reasonable, and lightweight installation structure that fills a gap in existing technology. It combines the detection advantages of two SAR antennas and one hyperspectral imager, facilitating the organic combination of active and passive detection modes. It features centralized power supply, synchronous placement, and easy replacement, enabling all-weather, all-time target detection. Furthermore, it can fuse the detection information from both, improving the detection capability and efficiency of the UAV platform.

[0019] Other features and advantages of this invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts.

[0021] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the mounting structure of a SAR antenna and a hyperspectral imager according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0022] Figure 2 An exploded schematic diagram of the mounting structure of a SAR antenna and a hyperspectral imager according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 3 A bottom view schematic diagram of the mounting structure of a SAR antenna and hyperspectral imager according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0025] Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram of a drone according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0026] Figure 6 A partial schematic diagram of a drone according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 1. Mounting frame; 2. SAR antenna; 3. Hyperspectral imager; 4. Fairing; 5. Mounting lug; 6. First mounting port; 7. Second mounting port; 8. Fan; 9. Shock absorber; 10. Second mounting plate; 11. Antenna for POS; 12. Electronics and control cabinet; 13. Front crossbeam; 14. Rear crossbeam; 15. Fuselage; 16. Section. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail. While preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this utility model provides an installation structure for a SAR antenna and a hyperspectral imager. Two SAR antennas 2 are provided, including:

[0031] Airborne mounting platform, used for mounting inside the fuselage of the UAV;

[0032] An integrated installation platform is detachably connected to the lower part of an airborne installation platform. The integrated installation platform includes two installation frames 1, which are connected by a connecting part to form a figure-eight structure with at least an opening at the lower end. A SAR antenna 2 is installed inside each installation frame 1, and an installation space is formed between the two installation frames 1. A hyperspectral imager 3 is installed in the installation space with the camera of the hyperspectral imager 3 facing downward.

[0033] Specifically, to address the problem that existing technologies using a single mounting mode for detection equipment on UAVs result in low efficiency and limited output, failing to meet the detection needs of UAVs, this utility model provides an integrated mounting structure for the SAR antenna 2 and hyperspectral imager 3. This structure integrates two SAR antennas 2 and the hyperspectral imager 3 onto a UAV, allowing the UAV to simultaneously carry two detection modes. The airborne mounting platform is fixed inside the UAV's fuselage, and the integrated mounting platform is detachably mounted below it. The integrated mounting platform uses two mounting frames 1 to mount the two SAR antennas 2 respectively, and the hyperspectral imager 3 is installed in the space between the two mounting frames 1. This integrated mounting structure achieves a simple, reasonable, and lightweight installation, filling a gap in existing technology. It combines the detection advantages of two SAR antennas 2 and one hyperspectral imager 3, facilitating the organic combination of active and passive detection modes. It features centralized power supply, synchronous placement, and easy replacement, enabling all-weather, all-time target detection. Furthermore, it allows for the fusion of detection information from both, improving the detection capabilities and efficiency of the UAV platform.

[0034] Furthermore, the top view projection of the two mounting frames 1 is V-shaped. Since the camera of the hyperspectral imager 3 faces downwards, the integrated mounting platform has an opening at least at the bottom to avoid obstructing the camera of the hyperspectral imager 3.

[0035] In this embodiment, SAR antenna 2 is a SAR two-dimensional active phased array antenna.

[0036] Specifically, the hyperspectral imager 3 is a vertical detection payload, capable of acquiring rich texture and spectral information of ground objects in local areas under favorable imaging conditions, offering significant advantages in ground object identification and classification. The SAR two-sided active phased array antenna boasts advantages such as wide-range, long-distance, all-weather, and all-day detection capabilities, and offers multiple operating modes including imaging and moving target detection and tracking. The UAV, equipped with both the SAR two-sided active phased array antenna and the hyperspectral imager 3, integrates and fuses the two detection results, enabling detailed detection and identification of suspicious areas in complex electromagnetic environments, complex terrain environments, and complex marine environments. Therefore, considering the adaptability of UAVs, this invention proposes a SAR two-sided active phased array antenna based on the combined advantages of the SAR two-sided active phased array antenna and the hyperspectral imager 3. The integrated detection scheme combining antenna and hyperspectral imager 3 acquires quasi-simultaneous SAR and hyperspectral images. It can utilize information fusion techniques to construct multi-data fusion results, ensuring the timeliness of UAV detection, improving UAV detection efficiency, enriching UAV detection results and modes, and extracting complementary features to effectively expand the target's representation in the electromagnetic spectrum domain. This overcomes the limitations of single-source image detection and provides an effective way to further eliminate false alarms, expose false alarms, and improve detection capabilities. It can meet the needs of multi-band, multi-mode, all-day, and all-weather refined target detection capabilities for typical targets in key areas, improving the comprehensiveness, reliability, and detection efficiency of UAV platforms in acquiring target information. It also provides a reference for using UAVs to carry mission payloads for ground exploration or target detection, further promoting the intelligent and unmanned development of target detection systems.

[0037] Optionally, it also includes a fairing 4, which is connected to the underside of the fuselage. The fairing 4 forms a receiving space that can accommodate an integrated mounting platform on which the SAR antenna 2 and the hyperspectral imager 3 are installed.

[0038] Specifically, the fairing 4 is located on the outside of the integrated installation platform, giving it good environmental adaptability.

[0039] Optionally, a mounting ear 5 is provided on each side of the two mounting frames 1 that are close to each other, and the hyperspectral imager 3 is positioned between the two mounting ears 5 and connected to the mounting ears 5.

[0040] Specifically, the mounting ends on both sides of the hyperspectral imager 3 are connected to two mounting ears 5 respectively, so as to realize the installation of the hyperspectral imager 3 in the installation space. The hyperspectral imager 3 itself can perform pitch and roll axis stabilized imaging.

[0041] Optionally, the interior of the mounting frame 1 is provided with a first mounting port 6 and a second mounting port 7 from bottom to top. The SAR antenna 2 is installed in the first mounting port 6, and a fan 8 is installed in the second mounting port 7. The second mounting port 7 is connected to the first mounting port 6 through a connecting hole.

[0042] Specifically, the fan 8 installed in the second mounting port 7 can dissipate heat from the SAR antenna 2 in the first mounting port 6, and the number of fans 8 can be designed according to requirements.

[0043] In this embodiment, each mounting frame 1 is provided with a first mounting port 6 and three second mounting ports 7, and a fan 8 is installed in each second mounting port 7; the SAR two-dimensional active phased array antenna itself is capable of azimuth mechanical scanning target imaging.

[0044] Optionally, a shock absorber 9 is provided on the top of the mounting frame 1, and the mounting frame 1 is detachably connected to the airborne mounting platform via the shock absorber 9.

[0045] Specifically, the shock absorber 9 is installed between the integrated installation platform and the airborne installation platform to enable the hoisting of the integrated installation platform and to reduce vibration.

[0046] In this embodiment, four shock absorbers 9 are provided, and the four shock absorbers 9 are distributed in pairs on the top of the two mounting frames 1.

[0047] In this embodiment, the integrated mounting platform is fixedly mounted to the airborne mounting platform by a total of 16 GB / T70.1M6 screws on the four shock absorbers 9.

[0048] Optionally, the airborne mounting platform includes a first mounting plate, which includes a plurality of first mounting holes for engaging with first mounting screws to mount the electronics control chassis 12.

[0049] Specifically, the first mounting plate is provided with multiple first mounting holes, and the electronic control box 12 is fixedly installed by the cooperation of the first mounting screws with the first mounting holes.

[0050] In this embodiment, the electronic control chassis 12 is connected to the airborne mounting platform by four GB / T70.1 M6 bolts. The first mounting plate needs to be fitted with the corresponding GB930M6 bracket nut and the corresponding flat washer HB1-521-6.

[0051] Optionally, a second mounting plate 10 is provided at one end of each of the two mounting frames 1. The second mounting plate 10 includes a plurality of second mounting holes for engaging with second mounting screws to mount the POS antenna 11.

[0052] Specifically, the second mounting plate 10 is provided with multiple second mounting holes, and the POS antenna 11 is fixedly installed by the cooperation of the second mounting screws with the second mounting holes.

[0053] In this embodiment, the POS antenna 11 needs to be installed on the corresponding position on the second mounting plate 10 using four M6 screws.

[0054] In this embodiment, the POS antenna 11 is a fiber optic inertial navigation module.

[0055] In this embodiment, the SAR two-dimensional active phased array antenna and the hyperspectral imager 3 can share a POS antenna 11. The POS antenna 11 is mounted on one end of the integrated mounting platform via the second mounting plate 10, close to the electronic control chassis 12 inside the fuselage.

[0056] In this embodiment, the lower ends of the two mounting frames 1 are connected by a front crossbeam 13 and a rear crossbeam 14, and the second mounting plate 10 is disposed above the front crossbeam 13 and connected to the two mounting frames 1.

[0057] Optionally, the fairing 4 includes a first cover and a second cover arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first cover is a wave-transparent cover, and the bottom of the second cover is provided with an optical glass window.

[0058] Specifically, the fairing 4 is composed of a first radome and a second radome. The fairing 4 houses a SAR two-dimensional active phased array antenna and a hyperspectral imager 3. For the SAR two-dimensional active phased array antenna, a wave-transparent radome with good wave transmission is used to meet the wave transmission requirements. For the hyperspectral imager 3 payload, an optical glass window needs to be reserved on the lower side of the hyperspectral imager 3 according to the installation position of the hyperspectral imager 3. The optical glass is installed at the bottom of the second radome and is fixed and sealed by pressing with silicone rubber and metal pressure plates. The connection between the radome and the aircraft belly compartment should preferably adopt a quick disassembly and quick installation structure to reduce the number of exposed fasteners and realize convenient operation of the compartment structure.

[0059] In this embodiment, the fairing 4 has an overall teardrop shape, which reduces aerodynamic drag and allows for airtight design, improving its adaptability to environments such as temperature, humidity, and low air pressure.

[0060] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, this utility model also provides a drone, comprising:

[0061] The fuselage 15 has a window in the belly section;

[0062] The aforementioned mounting structure for the SAR antenna 2 and hyperspectral imager 3 includes an airborne mounting platform located inside the fuselage. The integrated mounting platform passes through a window and is detachably connected to the airborne mounting platform.

[0063] Specifically, a window is provided on the lower side of a section 16 of the fuselage 15, and the aforementioned mounting structure of the SAR antenna 2 and hyperspectral imager 3 is connected to this section 16. The UAV is equipped with the aforementioned mounting structure of the SAR antenna 2 and hyperspectral imager 3, which enables the integrated installation of the SAR two-dimensional active phased array antenna and the hyperspectral imager 3. It can simultaneously take into account the characteristics of the hyperspectral imager 3 and the SAR two-dimensional active phased array antenna, complementing each other's advantages without interference. It can achieve all-weather, all-day operation, and jointly improve the comprehensiveness and reliability of the UAV platform in detecting targets. It breaks through the bottleneck of traditional UAV platform sensor systems being single, multi-component, large in size, and inefficient. Relying on the dual target detection characteristics of the SAR two-dimensional active phased array antenna and the hyperspectral imager 3, it can further improve the target detection efficiency of the UAV platform.

[0064] Optionally, a fairing 4 is connected to the lower part of the fuselage, and an accommodating space is formed inside the fairing 4. An integrated mounting platform for the SAR antenna 2 and the hyperspectral imager 3 is set in the accommodating space.

[0065] Specifically, the UAV is equipped with the aforementioned SAR antenna 2 and hyperspectral imager 3 mounting structure, which is housed within the fairing 4 to ensure good environmental adaptability. The SAR two-dimensional active phased array antenna has mechanical azimuth rotation, and the hyperspectral camera has pitch and roll axis stabilized imaging. The SAR two-dimensional active phased array antenna and the hyperspectral imager 3 are mounted outside the UAV's belly compartment using a suspended connection method. The electronics and control cabinet 12 is installed inside the belly compartment, and the POS antenna 11 is installed at the upper front of the integrated mounting platform, located below the belly. The SAR two-dimensional active phased array antenna, the hyperspectral imager 3, and the POS antenna 11 are connected to the electronics and control cabinet 12 via connecting cables. Communication between the internal and external equipment is achieved through connecting cables.

[0066] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A mounting structure of a SAR antenna and a hyperspectral imager, the SAR antenna is provided with two, characterized in that, include: An airborne mounting platform, which is used to be installed inside the fuselage of a UAV; An integrated mounting platform is detachably connected to the lower part of the airborne mounting platform. The integrated mounting platform includes two mounting frames, which are connected by a connecting part to form a figure-eight structure with at least an opening at the lower end. Each mounting frame has a SAR antenna installed inside it. An installation space is formed between the two mounting frames, and a hyperspectral imager is installed in the installation space with the camera of the hyperspectral imager facing downwards.

2. The mounting structure of a SAR antenna and a hyperspectral imager according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fairing for connection to the underside of the fuselage, the fairing forming a receiving space capable of accommodating the integrated mounting platform on which the SAR antenna and the hyperspectral imager are mounted.

3. The mounting structure of a SAR antenna and a hyperspectral imager according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the two mounting frames has a mounting ear on one side that is close to each other, and the hyperspectral imager is positioned between the two mounting ears and connected to the mounting ears.

4. The mounting structure of a SAR antenna and a hyperspectral imager according to claim 1, wherein, The mounting frame has a first mounting port and a second mounting port arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The SAR antenna is installed in the first mounting port, and a fan is installed in the second mounting port. The second mounting port is connected to the first mounting port through a connecting hole.

5. The mounting structure of a SAR antenna and a hyperspectral imager according to claim 1, wherein, A shock absorber is provided on the top of the mounting frame, and the mounting frame is detachably connected to the airborne mounting platform through the shock absorber.

6. The mounting structure of a SAR antenna and a hyperspectral imager according to claim 1, wherein The airborne mounting platform includes a first mounting plate, which includes a plurality of first mounting holes for engaging with first mounting screws to mount an electronic control chassis.

7. The mounting structure of a SAR antenna and a hyperspectral imager according to claim 1, wherein A second mounting plate is provided at one end of each of the two mounting frames. The second mounting plate includes a plurality of second mounting holes for engaging with second mounting screws to mount a POS antenna.

8. The mounting structure of a SAR antenna and a hyperspectral imager according to claim 2, wherein, The fairing includes a first cover and a second cover arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first cover is a wave-transparent cover, and the bottom of the second cover is provided with an optical glass window.

9. A drone, characterized in that, include: The fuselage has a window located in its abdominal region; The mounting structure of the SAR antenna and hyperspectral imager according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein an airborne mounting platform is provided inside the fuselage, and the integrated mounting platform passes through the window and is detachably connected to the airborne mounting platform.

10. The drone of claim 9, wherein, A fairing is connected to the lower part of the fuselage, and an accommodating space is formed inside the fairing. The integrated mounting platform for installing the SAR antenna and the hyperspectral imager is set in the accommodating space.

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