Bridge leveling layer and bridge

Abstract

The utility model discloses a bridge leveling layer and a bridge, and the leveling layer comprises a hybrid fiber concrete layer which is used for being arranged on the top surface of each beam plate; the at least one high-ductility cement-based composite material layer is used for being arranged at the interval position of the adjacent beam plates and is embedded into the hybrid fiber concrete layer from the top face of the hybrid fiber concrete layer, and the width of the high-ductility cement-based composite material layer is larger than the width of the interval between the two corresponding beam plates. The bridge leveling layer comprises the hybrid fiber concrete layer, internal fibers of the hybrid fiber concrete layer have high homogeneity, and therefore a reinforcing mesh in a traditional leveling layer can be omitted; in addition, the high-ductility cement-based composite material layer is arranged in the hogging moment area of the bridge, and large cracks can be avoided. The hybrid fiber concrete layer and the high-ductility cement-based composite material layer are used for replacing a traditional leveling layer, the characteristics of low shrinkage rate and high crack resistance are achieved compared with the traditional leveling layer, shrinkage cracking of the leveling layer can be reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building engineering, in particular to a bridge leveling layer and a bridge. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, in the construction process of prefabricated assembly bridge, T-beam, box beam and hollow slab are commonly used standard beams and slabs. Wet joints with a certain width are often used between the beams and slabs, and concrete is poured. A leveling layer is arranged above the beams and slabs. The traditional leveling layer often adopts the form of binding a steel mesh and then pouring ordinary concrete.

[0003] For the current traditional leveling layer, the traditional leveling layer composed of a steel mesh and ordinary concrete is a heterogeneous structure. The ordinary concrete in the leveling layer will still crack during long-term vehicle impact and vibration fatigue, and the crack will continue to expand in the ordinary concrete until the concrete is broken. In addition, since a steel mesh needs to be arranged in the leveling layer, the binding of the steel mesh and the installation of the cushion block in the construction process all rely on manual work, which is prone to problems such as sinking of the steel mesh, unqualified thickness of the protective layer, and further causes the traditional leveling layer to be prone to breaking. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0004] The present application provides a bridge leveling layer and a bridge, which aims to solve the problems of the traditional leveling layer in the bridge, such as difficulty in guaranteeing the thickness of the steel reinforcement protective layer, easy sinking of the steel mesh, and easy cracking.

[0005] In the embodiment of the present application, the bridge leveling layer comprises:

[0006] a hybrid fiber concrete layer and at least one high ductility cement-based composite material layer;

[0007] Each of the high ductility cement-based composite material layers is embedded into the hybrid fiber concrete layer, the thickness of each of the high ductility cement-based composite material layers is less than the thickness of the hybrid fiber concrete layer, the top surface of each of the high ductility cement-based composite material layers is flush with the top surface of the hybrid fiber concrete layer, and a separation layer is arranged between any of the high ductility cement-based composite material layers and the hybrid fiber concrete layer;

[0008] In the horizontal direction, a first connecting steel bar is arranged at the interface between any of the high ductility cement-based composite material layers and the hybrid fiber concrete layer;

[0009] The bridge leveling layer is arranged on the beam slab of the bridge, the bottom of the hybrid fiber concrete layer is connected with the beam slab of the bridge, and in the vertical direction, each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is arranged at the interval position between two adjacent beam slabs of the bridge, and in the length direction of the bridge, the length of the high ductility cement-based composite material layer is greater than the interval width between the two beam slabs corresponding to the high ductility cement-based composite material layer.

[0010] In the embodiment of the application, the thickness of the hybrid fiber concrete layer is 6-12 cm, the thickness of each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is the same, and the thickness of each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is 2-5 cm.

[0011] In the embodiment of the application, the isolation layer is any one of asphalt oil paper, steel plate, foam plate and sand cushion.

[0012] The application also provides a bridge comprising the bridge leveling layer according to any one of the above.

[0013] The bridge comprises at least two beam slab groups, each beam slab group comprises at least one beam slab, the beam slabs in each beam slab group are arranged in the width direction of the bridge, and each beam slab group is arranged at an interval in the length direction of the bridge.

[0014] The hybrid fiber concrete layer is arranged on the top surface of each beam slab group, the hybrid fiber concrete layer covers each beam slab group in the width and length directions of the bridge, and the bottom surface of the hybrid fiber concrete layer is embedded with shear reinforcement on the top surface of each beam slab in the vertical direction of the bridge.

[0015] Each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is arranged at an interval position between two adjacent beam slab groups in the bridge.

[0016] In the embodiment of the application, in the width direction of the bridge, the width of any high ductility cement-based composite material layer is the same as the width of the hybrid fiber concrete layer.

[0017] In the embodiment of the application, the shear reinforcement is hook-shaped shear reinforcement or door-shaped shear reinforcement.

[0018] In the embodiment of the application, in the length direction of the bridge, a plurality of second connecting steel bars are arranged between any two adjacent beam slabs, and the two ends of the second connecting steel bars are embedded into the adjacent two beam slabs, respectively.

[0019] The bridge leveling layer provided in the application is provided with a hybrid fiber concrete layer. Compared with the traditional plain concrete layer, the fibers in the hybrid fiber concrete layer are uniformly distributed in the hybrid fiber concrete layer, so that the hybrid fiber concrete layer has good homogeneity, and therefore the steel mesh in the traditional leveling layer can be cancelled, and the construction quality problems such as sinking during installation, unqualified binding quality and insufficient protective layer thickness when using the steel mesh can be avoided. Moreover, the cancellation of the steel mesh in the leveling layer reduces the self-weight of the leveling layer and reduces the cost compared with the prior art. In addition, the leveling layer in the application further embeds a high ductility cement-based composite material layer in the hybrid fiber concrete layer, and the position of the high ductility cement-based composite material layer corresponds to the interval position between the two adjacent beam plates in the bridge, that is, it corresponds to the negative bending moment area of the bridge. The high ductility cement-based composite material layer has high ductility and can decompose cracks into micro-cracks that have no effect on the durability and strength of the bridge, thereby avoiding cracking. Therefore, compared with the traditional leveling layer, the leveling layer in the application has the characteristics of low shrinkage and high crack resistance, can reduce the occurrence of leveling layer shrinkage and cracking, and improve the service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can also be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative labor for those skilled in the art.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bridge leveling layer in an embodiment of the application.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bridge leveling layer in another embodiment of the application.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a step diagram of the preparation method of the hybrid fiber concrete in an embodiment of the application.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a step diagram of the preparation method of the high ductility cement-based composite material in an embodiment of the application.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a bending tensile load and notch opening displacement measured curve diagram of the hybrid fiber concrete plate prepared from the hybrid fiber concrete in an embodiment of the application.

[0026] Figure 6 It is an axial tensile stress-strain curve diagram of the high ductility cement-based composite material plate prepared from the high ductility cement-based composite material in an embodiment of the application.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a top view of a bridge in one embodiment of this application.

[0028] Reference numerals: 100-beam / slab, 110-second connecting reinforcement, 200-hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete layer, 210-shear reinforcement, 220-first connecting reinforcement, 300-high ductility cement-based composite material layer, 400-isolation layer, 500-support.

[0029] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0032] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a bridge leveling layer is proposed, which includes: a hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 and at least one high-ductility cement-based composite material layer 300.

[0034] Each of the high ductility cement-based composite material layers 300 is embedded into the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete layer 200, the thickness of each of the high ductility cement-based composite material layers 300 is less than the thickness of the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete layer 200, the top surface of each of the high ductility cement-based composite material layers 300 is flush with the top surface of the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete layer 200, and a separation layer is arranged between any one of the high ductility cement-based composite material layers 300 and the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete layer 200;

[0035] In the horizontal direction, a first connecting steel bar 220 is arranged at the interface between any one of the high ductility cement-based composite material layers 300 and the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete layer 200.

[0036] The leveling layer is arranged on the beam slab of the bridge, the bottom of the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete layer is connected with the beam slab of the bridge, and in the vertical direction, each of the high ductility cement-based composite material layers is arranged at the interval position between the adjacent two beam slabs of the bridge, and in the length direction of the bridge, the length of the high ductility cement-based composite material layer is greater than the interval width between the two beam slabs corresponding to the high ductility cement-based composite material layer.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present application, the leveling layer is arranged on the beam slab of the bridge, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 In the embodiment of the present application, the bridge includes two beam slabs, and the two beam slabs are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the bridge. Taking the bridge with two beam slabs as an example, the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete layer 200 is arranged on the top surface of the two beam slabs, and the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete layer 200 covers the two beam slabs in the width and length directions of the bridge.

[0038] Continuing to refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 In the embodiment of the present application, the top surface of the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete layer is not completely flat, and a groove is arranged at the interval position between the two beam slabs 100. In the embodiment of the present application, there are only two beam slabs 100 in the length direction of the bridge, and an interval is arranged between the two beam slabs 100. A groove is arranged on the top surface of the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete layer 200, and the length of the groove in the length direction of the bridge is greater than the interval between the two beam slabs 100.

[0039] Continuing to refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The bottom of the groove is provided with a separation layer 400, and the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 is arranged above the separation layer 400. The separation layer 400 is, for example, asphalt oil paper, steel plate, foam plate, sand cushion, etc., to ensure that the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 is not bonded with the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete layer 200. The size and shape of the separation layer 400 are consistent with the size and shape of the bottom of the groove.

[0040] The high ductility cement-based composite layer 300 is arranged above the isolation layer 400, and the high ductility cement-based composite layer 300 fills the groove above the isolation layer 400 completely, so that the length of the high ductility cement-based composite layer 300 is greater than the interval width between the two beam plates in the length direction of the bridge. In addition, the width of the high ductility cement-based composite layer 300 can be the same as the width of the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 or smaller than the width of the hybrid fiber concrete layer in the width direction of the bridge.

[0041] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 In the horizontal direction, the interface between the high ductility cement-based composite layer 300 and the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 is provided with the first connecting steel bars 220. In the embodiment of the present application, the high ductility cement-based composite layer 300 can reserve a groove space during pouring, and the first connecting steel bars 220 are pre-set on the inner side walls of the groove in the length and width directions of the bridge, that is, a part of the first connecting steel bars 220 has been poured into the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200, and the other part extends into the groove, so that when the high ductility cement-based composite layer 300 is poured in the groove, the extended first connecting steel bars 220 can be directly embedded in the high ductility cement-based composite layer 300.

[0042] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, since only two beam plates 100 are arranged in the length direction of the bridge, there is only one interval between the two beam plates 100, so the top surface of the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 is provided with only one groove at the interval position, and the high ductility cement-based composite layer 300 is also provided with only one. If the number of beam plates 100 in the length direction of the bridge is more than one and the number of intervals between adjacent beam plates 100 is also more than one in other embodiments, then the number of grooves on the top surface of the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 is also more than one, and the number of isolation layers 400 and high ductility cement-based composite layers 300 is also more than one. That is, the number of grooves, isolation layers 400 and high ductility cement-based composite layers 300 is consistent with the number of intervals formed by the two adjacent beam plates 100.

[0043] Compared with the traditional plain concrete layer, the fibers in the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 are uniformly distributed in the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200, so that the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 has good homogeneity, and therefore, the steel mesh in the traditional leveling layer can be cancelled, and the construction quality problems such as sinking during installation, unqualified binding quality, and insufficient protective layer thickness when using the steel mesh can be avoided. Moreover, the cancellation of the steel mesh in the leveling layer reduces the self-weight of the leveling layer and reduces the cost compared with the prior art. In addition, the leveling layer in the present application further embeds a high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 in the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200, and the position of the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 corresponds to the interval position of the two adjacent beam plates 100 in the bridge, that is, it corresponds to the negative bending moment area of the bridge. When the negative bending moment of the bridge produces cracks, the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 has high ductility and can decompose the cracks into micro-cracks that have no effect on the durability and strength of the bridge, thereby avoiding continuous cracking and collapse. Compared with the traditional leveling layer, the leveling layer in the present application has low shrinkage and high crack resistance, which can reduce the occurrence of leveling layer shrinkage and cracking and improve the service life.

[0044] With reference to the drawings Figure 1 、 Figure 2 In the embodiment of the present application, for the isolation layer 400 and the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 in any groove, the length and width of both are consistent with the length and width of the groove, and the thickness of both is consistent with the depth of the groove. For example, the thickness of the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 can be set to 6-12 cm, the thickness of the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 can be set to 2-5 cm, and the length of the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 in the length direction of the bridge is generally not less than 3 m, so that the width and height of the groove can be set according to the thickness of the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300, the length of the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 in the length direction of the bridge, and the thickness of the isolation layer 400.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 is poured by hybrid fiber concrete. The hybrid fiber concrete includes the following components in the following weight fractions: cement 350-480 parts, water 130-170 parts, fine aggregate 680-720 parts, 5-10 mm coarse aggregate 420-480 parts, 10-20 mm coarse aggregate 630-720 parts, expanding agent 35-48 parts, water reducing agent 2.8-7.2 parts, steel fiber 60-75 parts, and PVA fiber 1.25-6.25 parts. The steel fiber can be a cold-drawn and cut end hook type with a tensile strength not less than 1000 MPa. The polymer fiber can be PVA fiber with a tensile strength not less than 1600 MPa and a modulus not less than 40 GPa.

[0046] As Figure 3 shown in the embodiments of the present application, the hybrid fiber concrete can be prepared by the following steps:

[0047] Step S100: obtain each component according to the following weight parts: cement 350-480 parts, water 130-170 parts, fine aggregate 680-720 parts, 5-10 mm coarse aggregate 420-480 parts, 10-20 mm coarse aggregate 630-720 parts, expanding agent 35-48 parts, water reducing agent 2.8-7.2 parts, steel fiber 60-75 parts, and polymeric fiber 1.25-6.25 parts; wherein the steel fiber is a cold-drawn cut-end hook type steel fiber, and the tensile strength thereof is not less than 1000 MPa; the tensile strength of the PVA fiber is not less than 1600 MPa, and the modulus of the PVA fiber is not less than 40 GPa.

[0048] Step S110: mix and uniformly stir the obtained cement, fine aggregate, 5-10 mm coarse aggregate, 10-20 mm coarse aggregate, steel fiber, and PVA fiber to obtain a first dry mixture.

[0049] In step S110, mix and fully stir the components obtained in step S100 except water and water reducing agent, and the stirring time is generally not less than 30 seconds, and the first dry mixture is obtained after mixing uniformly.

[0050] Step S120: add the obtained water and water reducing agent to the first dry mixture, and uniformly stir to obtain the hybrid fiber concrete.

[0051] In step S120, after adding water and water reducing agent to the first dry mixture, it also needs to be fully stirred, and the stirring time is generally not less than 120 seconds, and the hybrid fiber concrete can be directly used for pouring after uniform stirring.

[0052] The hybrid fiber concrete formed by the above components has a pouring site slump of not less than 150 mm, a 28-day flexural tensile strength of the hybrid fiber concrete slab obtained by pouring of not less than 9 MPa, a 28-day compressive strength of not less than 50 MPa, a bending toughness index I10 of not less than 12, a residual flexural tensile strength satisfying a ratio of the flexural tensile strength at a 0.5 mm displacement in the middle of the span to the peak flexural tensile strength greater than 0.4, and a ratio of the flexural tensile strength at a 2.5 mm displacement in the middle of the span to the flexural tensile strength at a 0.5 mm displacement in the middle of the span greater than 0.5, and a total cracking area per unit area in the early age cracking test less than 220 mm 2 / m 2 , and a 180-day drying shrinkage rate less than 250 μm / m.

[0053] The performance indicators of the fiber-reinforced concrete slabs obtained by casting the above-mentioned fiber-reinforced concrete are compared with those obtained by casting traditional plain concrete, as shown in Table 1 below:

[0054] Table 1

[0055]

[0056] Note: " / " indicates that it does not exist.

[0057] As can be seen from Table 1 above, the 28-day compressive strength, 28-day flexural strength, flexural toughness index I10, and residual flexural strength ratio of the hybrid fiber concrete slab obtained by the hybrid fiber concrete pouring in this embodiment are all better than those of the concrete slab poured with traditional concrete. Therefore, the total crack area per unit area of ​​the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 obtained by the hybrid fiber concrete pouring is much smaller than the total crack area per unit area of ​​the leveling layer poured with traditional concrete. Moreover, the drying shrinkage rate of the hybrid fiber concrete slab obtained by the hybrid fiber concrete pouring is also smaller than that of the concrete slab poured with traditional concrete, that is, the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 obtained by the hybrid fiber concrete pouring is less prone to cracking than the leveling layer poured with traditional concrete. Furthermore, since steel fibers have been incorporated into the hybrid fiber concrete, the steel fibers in the resulting hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 have higher homogeneity than the steel mesh in the traditional leveling layer, thus eliminating the need for the steel mesh in the traditional leveling layer.

[0058] In this embodiment, the high-ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 is formed by casting a high-ductility cement-based composite material, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 500-600 parts cement, 300-320 parts fly ash, 700-720 parts quartz sand, 390-410 parts water, 23-75 parts steel fiber, 18-25 parts PVA fiber, 0.5-1 part polycarboxylate superplasticizer powder, 1.5-2.5 parts sodium citrate, 0.5-1 part sodium dodecyl sulfonate, and 0.5-1 part cellulose. The steel fiber can be copper-plated steel fiber with a tensile strength of not less than 2500 MPa; the PVA fiber has a tensile strength of not less than 1600 MPa and a modulus of not less than 40 GPa.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the high-ductility cement-based composite material can be prepared by the following steps:

[0060] Step S200: Obtain each component according to the following weight parts: cement 500-600 parts, fly ash 300-320 parts, quartz sand 700-720 parts, water 390-410 parts, steel fiber 23-75 parts, PVA fiber 18-25 parts, polycarboxylic acid water reducer powder 0.5-1 part, sodium citrate 1.5-2.5 parts, sodium dodecyl sulfonate 0.5-1 part; cellulose 0.5-1 part; wherein the steel fiber is copper-plated steel fiber, the tensile strength of the steel fiber is not less than 2500 MPa; the tensile strength of the PVA fiber is not less than 1600 MPa, and the modulus of the PVA fiber is not less than 40 GPa.

[0061] Step S210: Mix and stir the obtained cement, fly ash, quartz sand, steel fiber, PVA fiber, sodium citrate, sodium dodecyl sulfonate, and cellulose to obtain a second dry material with uniform mixing.

[0062] In step S210, mix and fully stir the components obtained in step S200 except water and polycarboxylic acid water reducer powder, and the stirring time is not less than 60 seconds, to obtain a second dry material with uniform mixing.

[0063] Step S220: Add the obtained water and polycarboxylic acid water reducer powder to the second dry material with uniform mixing, and stir to obtain the high ductility cement-based composite material.

[0064] In step S120, after adding water and polycarboxylic acid water reducer powder to the second dry material, it also needs to be fully stirred, which can be stirred for not less than 180 seconds first to make the slurry flow uniformly, and then continue to stir for not less than 180 seconds to obtain the high ductility cement-based composite material which can be directly used for pouring.

[0065] The 28-day tensile strength of the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 formed by the above components is not less than 10 MPa, the 28-day compressive strength is not less than 50 MPa, and the ultimate tensile strain rate is not less than 2%.

[0066] The performance indicators of the high ductility cement-based composite material plate poured by the high ductility cement-based composite material using the above components are compared with those of the concrete plate poured by the traditional high ductility cement-based composite material, as shown in Table 2 below:

[0067] Table 2

[0068]

[0069] Note: The fiber inclination angle in Table 2 refers to the angle between the fiber orientation and the main tensile stress direction of the crack surface, and " / " indicates the absence.

[0070] Based on Table 2, in the high ductility composite material in the embodiment of the application, steel fibers are added, and the proportion of PVA fibers with an inclination angle of 0-40° is higher than that of traditional high ductility composite materials, the fiber dispersion coefficient is higher, the compressive strength, flexural strength and uniaxial tensile strength of the concrete slab obtained by pouring are higher than those of the concrete slab obtained by pouring the traditional high ductility composite material, and the critical displacement and ultimate tensile strain rate are greater than those of the concrete slab obtained by pouring the traditional high ductility composite material.

[0071] Next, a leveling layer is prepared using traditional plain concrete and steel mesh, and a bridge model is prepared based on the traditional leveling layer. Then, a bridge model is prepared using the hybrid fiber concrete leveling layer and the steel mesh in the negative bending moment area according to the application. Finally, a bridge model is prepared using the leveling layer with the structure of the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 and the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 according to the application. The performance indicators of the three bridge models are shown in Table 3 below:

[0072] Table 3

[0073]

[0074] It should be noted that the above experiments are not full-size bridges, but scaled bridge models. The size of the beam plate 100 in the three experiments is: 1.5m long, 0.5m wide, 10cm thick pavement leveling layer, and 20cm thick beam plate 100. In addition, the stress level of the fatigue experiment in Table 3 is 0.7.

[0075] As can be seen from Table 3 above, the bridge made of the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 and the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 according to the application cancels the full-bridge steel mesh in the traditional bridge, thereby avoiding the occurrence of construction quality problems such as sinking of the steel mesh during installation, unqualified binding quality, and insufficient protection layer thickness. Moreover, the steel mesh is cancelled, the self-weight of the leveling layer is reduced compared to the prior art, and the cost is lower. In addition, the bridge in the application uses the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 and the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 to replace the traditional leveling layer, which has the characteristics of low shrinkage and high crack resistance compared to the prior art, can reduce the occurrence of leveling layer shrinkage and cracking, and improve the service life.

[0076] In the embodiment of the application, the bridge leveling layer of the application is described in combination with specific examples. For example, the pavement thickness is 10cm, i.e. the thickness of the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 is 10cm, and the fiber material parameters used in the hybrid fiber concrete and the high ductility cement-based composite material are shown in Table 4 below:

[0077] Table 4

[0078]

[0079] The mixture ratio of the hybrid fiber concrete containing coarse aggregate is shown in Table 5 (wherein the fine aggregate is river sand, the coarse aggregate is gravel, and the polymer fiber is PVA fiber) :

[0080] Table 5

[0081]

[0082] The measured mechanical performance index values of the concrete slab cast by the hybrid fiber concrete are shown in Table 6, and the residual flexural tensile strength is shown in Table 7. Figure 5

[0083] Table 6

[0084]

[0085] The mixture ratio of each component of the high ductility cement-based composite material is shown in Table 7:

[0086] Table 7

[0087]

[0088] The measured mechanical performance index values of the concrete slab cast by the high ductility cement-based composite material are shown in Table 8, and the ultimate tensile strain rate is shown in Table 9. Figure 6

[0089] Table 8

[0090]

[0091] The bridge leveling layer proposed in the present application is provided with a hybrid fiber concrete layer 200. Compared with the traditional plain concrete layer, the fibers in the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 are uniformly distributed in the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200, so that the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 has good homogeneity, and therefore, the steel mesh in the traditional leveling layer can be cancelled, and the construction quality problems such as sinking in the installation process, unqualified binding quality, insufficient protection layer thickness, etc. of the steel mesh can be avoided. Moreover, the cancellation of the steel mesh in the leveling layer reduces the self-weight of the leveling layer compared with the prior art, and the cost is also lower. In addition, the leveling layer in the present application further embeds a high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 in the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200, and the position of the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 corresponds to the interval position between the two adjacent beam plates in the bridge, i.e. corresponds to the negative bending moment area of the bridge. When cracks appear in the negative bending moment area, the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 has high ductility, which can decompose the cracks into micro-cracks that have no effect on the durability and strength of the bridge, thereby avoiding continuous cracking and collapse. Compared with the traditional leveling layer, the leveling layer in the present application has the characteristics of low shrinkage and high crack resistance, which can reduce the occurrence of leveling layer shrinkage cracking and improve the service life.​​

[0092] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 indicated, the application also provides a bridge comprising the bridge leveling layer as described in any of the above embodiments;

[0093] The bridge comprises at least two beam plate groups, each beam plate group comprising at least one beam plate 100, the beam plates 100 in each beam plate group being arranged in the width direction of the bridge, and each beam plate group being arranged at an interval in the length direction of the bridge.

[0094] The hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 is arranged on the top surface of each beam plate group, and the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 covers each beam plate group in the width and length directions of the bridge, and the bottom surface of the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 is embedded with shear reinforcement 210 on the vertical direction of the bridge.

[0095] Each high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 is arranged at an interval between two adjacent beam plate groups in the bridge.

[0096] As Figure 7 indicated, in the embodiments of the application, three beam plate groups are arranged in the length direction of the bridge, each beam plate group comprising three beam plates 100, and the three beam plates 100 in each beam plate group are arranged at an interval in the width direction of the bridge, and the adjacent beam plates 100 can be connected by a joint. It should be noted that the number of beam plates 100 in each beam plate group is not limited in the application. For example, for a bridge with a relatively narrow width, each beam plate group can only include one beam plate 100, but for a bridge with a relatively wide width, each beam plate group can include more than three beam plates 100. In addition, the number of beam plate groups is determined by the length of the bridge. When the bridge is relatively long, the number of beam plate groups is relatively large, and when the bridge is relatively short, the number of beam plate groups is relatively small.

[0097] In addition, the beam plate 100 can be a commonly used standard beam plate such as a T-beam, a box beam, a hollow plate, etc.

[0098] Continuing to refer to Figure 7As shown, the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 covers the top of each beam slab group, and the length of the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 is the same as the length of the bridge, and the width of the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 is the same as the width of the bridge, so that the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 can cover each beam slab 100 in length and width directions. The high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 is embedded into the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 from the top surface of the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 at the interval position between the adjacent two beam slab groups, and the length of the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 in the bridge width direction is the same as the width of the bridge and the width of the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200, and the length of the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 in the bridge length direction is greater than the interval between the adjacent two beam slab groups. In addition, the number of the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 depends on the number of the beam slab groups.

[0099] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 in the embodiment of the present application, two beam slab groups are arranged in the length direction of the bridge, and each beam slab group only includes one beam slab, for example, as shown in Figure 2 two beam slabs are arranged in the length direction of the bridge, the beam slab 100 is installed on the support 500, and the manufacturing method of the beam slab 100 and the support 500 and the method of installing the beam slab 100 on the support 500 can adopt the manufacturing and installation methods of the corresponding type of beam slab 100 and support 500 in the prior art.

[0100] Continuing to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the top surface of the beam slab 100 is provided with a hybrid fiber concrete layer 200, and the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 covers each beam slab 100 in the length and width directions of the bridge. It should be noted that the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 also covers the interval position between the adjacent two beam slabs 100.

[0101] Continuing to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , in the embodiment of the present application, the bottom surface of the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 and the top surface of each beam slab 100 are embedded with shear reinforcement 210 in the vertical direction of the bridge. Among them, the shear reinforcement 210 can be reserved on the top surface of the beam slab 100 when the beam slab 100 is manufactured, that is, one end of the shear reinforcement 210 has been embedded into the beam slab 100 when the beam slab 100 is manufactured, and the other end extends from the top surface of the beam slab 100, so that when the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 is poured on the top surface of the beam slab 100, the shear reinforcement 210 extending from the top surface of the beam slab 100 can be directly embedded into the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200. A plurality of shear reinforcements 210 are arranged between the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 and the beam slab 100 in the vertical direction of the bridge, which can ensure that the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 and each beam slab 100 have high connection strength.

[0102] In addition, as shown in Figure 1 , the shear reinforcement 210 can be a hooked shear reinforcement 210, and in other embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 , it can also be a door-shaped shear reinforcement 210.

[0103] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , in the embodiments of the present application, a plurality of second connecting reinforcements 110 are arranged between any two adjacent beam slabs 100 in the length direction of the bridge, and the two ends of the second connecting reinforcements 110 are embedded into the two adjacent beam slabs 100, respectively. As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the second connecting reinforcements 110 are arranged at the interval positions of the two adjacent beam slabs 100, i.e. in the negative bending moment area of the beam slab, and the two ends of the second connecting reinforcements 110 are embedded into the two adjacent beam slabs 100, respectively, so as to play a traction role and avoid the inclination of the two adjacent beam slabs 100 to the two sides.

[0104] Since the bridge leveling layer of any one of the above embodiments is adopted in the bridge structure, at least all the beneficial effects of the bridge leveling layer in the above embodiments are achieved, which will not be described herein.

[0105] In the embodiments of the present application, the bridge can be built based on the following steps S311-S319; step S311: pretreating the top surface of the beam slab of the bridge, and the pretreatment includes: sweeping floating soil or loose materials, and watering after sweeping to wet.

[0106] Step S312: installing a leveling track on the beam slab of the bridge.

[0107] Step S313: installing a leveling layer formwork on the beam slab, placing a reserved slot formwork at a predetermined position, and pre-burying a first connecting reinforcement. For the bridge with post-cast guardrails, the leveling track and the formwork need to be installed, and for the bridge with the completed elevation belt, the leveling layer formwork does not need to be installed.

[0108] Step S314: pouring hybrid fiber concrete into the leveling layer formwork based on the prefabricated hybrid fiber concrete. The prefabricated hybrid fiber concrete can be prepared by the method of steps S100-S120.

[0109] Step S315: paving and leveling the hybrid fiber concrete.

[0110] Step S316: after the hybrid fiber concrete is finally cured, the reserved slot formwork is removed, and the prefabricated high-ductility cement-based composite material is poured into the predetermined position. The prefabricated high-ductility cement-based composite material can be prepared based on the method of steps S200-S220.

[0111] Step S317: paving and leveling the high ductility cement-based composite material.

[0112] Step S318: watering the leveled layer and covering it with geotextile or plastic film for curing.

[0113] Step S319: removing the template of the leveled layer after the curing is completed.

[0114] In addition, it should be noted that in the process of building the leveled layer, a plurality of hybrid fiber concrete test blocks and a plurality of high ductility cement-based composite material test blocks (generally not less than 9) can be reserved respectively when the hybrid fiber concrete layer 200 and the high ductility cement-based composite material layer 300 are cast, and cured under the same conditions at the bridge site. After the bridge is removed, the hybrid fiber concrete test blocks and the high ductility cement-based composite material test blocks cured under the same conditions can be taken to test the compressive strength and flexural tensile strength at 7 days, 14 days and 28 days. If the strength of each test block reaches 80% or more of the design strength, the vehicle can run on the bridge after the removal.

[0115] The above is only an optional embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structural transformation, direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields within the inventive concept of the present application, using the content of the present application specification and drawings, are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A bridge deck leveling layer, characterized in that, The leveling layer comprises a hybrid fiber concrete layer and at least one high ductility cement-based composite material layer, and neither the hybrid fiber concrete layer nor the high ductility cement-based composite material layer contains a steel mesh; Each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is embedded into the hybrid fiber concrete layer, the thickness of each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is less than the thickness of the hybrid fiber concrete layer, the top surface of each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is flush with the top surface of the hybrid fiber concrete layer, and a separation layer is arranged between any high ductility cement-based composite material layer and the hybrid fiber concrete layer; In the horizontal direction, a first connecting steel bar is arranged at the interface between any high ductility cement-based composite material layer and the hybrid fiber concrete layer; The leveling layer is arranged on the beam slab of a bridge, the bottom of the hybrid fiber concrete layer is connected with the beam slab of the bridge, and in the vertical direction, each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is arranged at the interval position between two adjacent beam slabs of the bridge, and in the length direction of the bridge, the length of the high ductility cement-based composite material layer is greater than the interval width between the two beam slabs corresponding to the high ductility cement-based composite material layer.

2. The bridge deck leveling layer of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the hybrid fiber concrete layer is 6-12 cm, the thickness of each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is the same, and the thickness of each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is 2-5 cm.

3. The bridge deck leveling layer of claim 1, wherein, The separation layer is any one of asphalt oil paper, steel plate, foam plate, and sand cushion.

4. A bridge, characterized in that The bridge leveling layer comprises a hybrid fiber concrete layer and at least one high ductility cement-based composite material layer, and neither the hybrid fiber concrete layer nor the high ductility cement-based composite material layer contains a steel mesh; Each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is embedded into the hybrid fiber concrete layer, the thickness of each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is less than the thickness of the hybrid fiber concrete layer, the top surface of each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is flush with the top surface of the hybrid fiber concrete layer, and a separation layer is arranged between any high ductility cement-based composite material layer and the hybrid fiber concrete layer; In the horizontal direction, a first connecting steel bar is arranged at the interface between any high ductility cement-based composite material layer and the hybrid fiber concrete layer; The leveling layer is arranged on the beam slab of a bridge, the bottom of the hybrid fiber concrete layer is connected with the beam slab of the bridge, and in the vertical direction, each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is arranged at the interval position between two adjacent beam slabs of the bridge, and in the length direction of the bridge, the length of the high ductility cement-based composite material layer is greater than the interval width between the two beam slabs corresponding to the high ductility cement-based composite material layer.

5. The bridge of claim 4, wherein The thickness of the hybrid fiber concrete layer is 6-12 cm, the thickness of each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is the same, and the thickness of each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is 2-5 cm.

6. The bridge of claim 4, wherein The separation layer is any one of asphalt oil paper, steel plate, foam plate, and sand cushion.

7. The bridge of claim 4, wherein The bridge leveling layer comprises a hybrid fiber concrete layer and at least one high ductility cement-based composite material layer, and neither the hybrid fiber concrete layer nor the high ductility cement-based composite material layer contains a steel mesh; The bridge comprises at least two beam slab groups, each beam slab group comprises at least one beam slab, the beam slabs in each beam slab group are arranged in the width direction of the bridge, and each beam slab group is arranged at an interval in the length direction of the bridge; The hybrid fiber concrete layer is arranged on the top surface of each beam slab group, the hybrid fiber concrete layer covers each beam slab group in the width and length directions of the bridge, and the bottom surface of the hybrid fiber concrete layer is embedded with a shear steel bar in the vertical direction of the bridge; Each high ductility cement-based composite material layer is arranged at an interval position between two adjacent beam slab groups in the bridge. In the width direction of the bridge, the width of any high ductility cement-based composite material layer is the same as the width of the hybrid fiber concrete layer. The shear steel bar is a hook-shaped shear steel bar or a door-shaped shear steel bar. In the length direction of the bridge, a plurality of second connecting steel bars are arranged between any two adjacent beam slabs, and the two ends of each second connecting steel bar are embedded into the two adjacent beam slabs, respectively.

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