Advanced support structure of fully mechanized coal mining face

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of forepoling, in particular to a fully mechanized coal mining face forepoling structure which comprises a base, hydraulic supports used for supporting are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the top of the base, a top plate is fixedly connected to the tops of the hydraulic supports, and a protective shell used for protection is fixedly connected to the top of the base. Supporting belts are installed at the tops of the bases, trapezoid steel is fixedly connected to the middles of the supporting belts at equal intervals, one end of each base is fixedly connected with a driving assembly used for driving the other base, and rotating assemblies used for rotating the trapezoid steel are installed at the tops of the bases. The forepoling structure of the fully mechanized coal mining face has the advantages of being stable and reliable in supporting effect, capable of continuously providing stable supporting force, convenient and flexible to move and arrange, and capable of protecting equipment and improving reliability through the arranged components such as the rotating assembly and the driving assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of advanced support technology, and in particular to an advanced support structure for fully mechanized mining faces. Background Technology

[0002] In fully mechanized coal mining faces, advance support plays a crucial role in ensuring roadway stability and operational safety. Currently, advance hydraulic supports, as a common advance support device, can adapt to the support needs of different geological conditions and roadway cross-sections to a certain extent, but their adaptability still has obvious limitations.

[0003] In some extreme geological conditions, such as soft rock and fractured zones, advanced hydraulic supports are insufficient to provide adequate support strength and stability. Soft rock has low strength and large deformation, while fractured zones have loose rock structures. These factors cause the roadway roof to bear greater pressure, and existing advanced hydraulic supports may not be able to effectively distribute and bear this pressure, thus affecting the stability and safety of the roadway and increasing the risk of accidents such as roof collapse and fall. In addition, existing advanced support methods usually operate in the sequence of lowering, moving, raising, and pushing the slide. Because the top beam of the support is long, it needs to support a large area of ​​the roof, which makes the support bear relatively large pressure. Under high pressure for a long time, the support components are prone to wear and deformation, which increases the risk of damage or failure during use. This not only affects the support effect but also increases equipment maintenance costs and downtime, reducing the production efficiency of the fully mechanized mining face. Moreover, the frequent lowering and raising of the support during the moving process can cause the roadway roof to lose effective support in a short period of time, further increasing the possibility of roadway roof instability.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new advanced support structure for fully mechanized mining faces to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides an advanced support structure for fully mechanized mining faces.

[0006] The pre-support structure for fully mechanized mining faces provided by this utility model includes: a base, a hydraulic support for support symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the base, a top plate fixedly connected to the top of the hydraulic support, a protective shell for protection fixedly connected to the top of the base, a support belt installed on the top of the base, trapezoidal steel members fixedly connected at equal intervals in the middle of the support belt, a drive assembly for driving another base fixedly connected to one end of the base, and a rotating assembly for rotating the trapezoidal steel members installed on the top of the base.

[0007] Preferably, the drive assembly includes: an oil reservoir, a hydraulic push rod, and a plate. The oil reservoir is fixedly connected inside the base, and an oil supply pipe is connected to the output end of the oil reservoir. The hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected to one end of the base. The oil reservoir is connected to the hydraulic push rod through the oil supply pipe. A slot is provided at one end of the hydraulic push rod. A plate is slidably connected to the top of the base, and the plate is inserted into the slot.

[0008] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes: an oil diversion valve, a hydraulic motor, a drive shaft, a drive gear, a driven shaft, a driven gear, a bearing, and a spring. The bottom of the hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected to the oil diversion valve. Hydraulic motors are fixedly connected at equal intervals inside the top plate. Multiple sets of hydraulic motors are connected to the oil diversion valve through oil supply pipes. The output end of the hydraulic motor is fixedly connected to the drive shaft. Drive gears are symmetrically fixedly connected to both ends of the drive shaft. Bearings are fixedly connected at equal intervals inside the top plate. Driven shafts are installed at equal intervals inside the support belt. Both ends of the driven shaft rotate within corresponding bearings. Driven gears are symmetrically fixedly connected to both ends of the driven shaft. Springs are installed at equal intervals inside the top plate. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bearing, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the top plate. Both the drive gear and the driven gear mesh with the bottom of the trapezoidal steel.

[0009] Preferably, the top height of the trapezoidal steel is always higher than the top surface of the top plate.

[0010] Preferably, the size of the driving gear is slightly smaller than the size of the driven gear.

[0011] Preferably, the oil pipeline is located inside the protective casing.

[0012] Preferably, there are gaps between the multiple sets of trapezoidal steel members.

[0013] Preferably, the bearing has a square design.

[0014] Compared with related technologies, the advanced support structure for fully mechanized mining faces provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The support effect is stable and reliable.

[0016] This device, through its unique design, achieves a tight fit with the top of the roadway, greatly improving the stability of the support effect. Compared with traditional advanced supports, its support belt features trapezoidal steel members that are fixedly connected at equal intervals in the middle, and the top height of the trapezoidal steel members is always higher than the top surface of the roof plate. This allows it to better adapt to irregular and uneven roadway roof surfaces. This precise fit eliminates the stress concentration problem caused by loose roof connection, effectively disperses the pressure on the roadway roof, significantly improves the reliability of the support structure, and greatly reduces the probability of roadway roof collapse, roof fall, and other safety accidents, providing a strong guarantee for the safe production of the fully mechanized mining face.

[0017] Continuously provide stable support:

[0018] This support structure breaks through the limitations of traditional support methods, and can continuously provide stable support for the top of the roadway without lowering the support frame. When faced with continuous changes in ground pressure or sudden geological disasters, it can adjust the state of the support structure in a timely manner to maintain strong and stable support. In particular, the design of springs and bearings allows the trapezoidal steel to adaptively adjust its position when under stress, further enhancing the stability of the support. This continuous and stable support provides uninterrupted protection for the top of the roadway, effectively preventing catastrophic accidents such as instability of the roadway top, and laying a solid foundation for the safety and stability of the work site.

[0019] Easy to move and arrange flexibly:

[0020] The drive components enable the support structure to be easily moved and laid out. Through the cooperation of the oil tank, hydraulic push rod and oil pipeline, one base can drive another base. This allows for flexible adjustment of the position and spacing of the support structure according to the advancement of the fully mechanized mining face and actual needs. This flexibility not only improves the adaptability of the support structure, but also reduces the installation and disassembly time of the equipment and improves the production efficiency of the fully mechanized mining face.

[0021] Equipment protection and reliability improvement:

[0022] The protective casing effectively protects critical components such as oil pipelines from damage in harsh working environments. The oil pipelines are located inside the protective casing, avoiding direct contact with external rocks, coal, etc., reducing the risk of wear and breakage, improving the reliability and stability of the hydraulic system, and reducing equipment maintenance costs and downtime. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the advanced support structure for fully mechanized mining faces provided by this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the hydraulic push rod.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the driving gear;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of the rotating component.

[0027] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Hydraulic support; 3. Top plate; 4. Protective shell; 5. Support belt; 6. Trapezoidal steel; 21. Oil reservoir; 22. Hydraulic push rod; 23. Oil pipe; 24. Insert plate; 25. Slot; 31. Oil diversion valve; 32. Hydraulic motor; 33. Drive shaft; 34. Drive gear; 35. Driven shaft; 36. Driven gear; 37. Bearing; 38. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0029] The specific implementation of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0030] Please see Figures 1 to 4 A pre-support structure for a fully mechanized mining face includes: a base 1, with hydraulic supports 2 symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the base 1 for support, a top plate 3 fixedly connected to the top of the hydraulic supports 2, a protective shell 4 fixedly connected to the top of the base 1 for protection, a support belt 5 installed on the top of the base 1, trapezoidal steel members 6 fixedly connected at equal intervals in the middle of the support belt 5, a drive assembly for driving another base 1 fixedly connected to one end of the base 1, and a rotation assembly for rotating the trapezoidal steel members 6 installed on the top of the base 1. The top height of the trapezoidal steel members 6 is always higher than the upper surface of the top plate 3, and there are gaps between multiple sets of trapezoidal steel members 6.

[0031] It should be noted that: This device is equipped with four bases 1. Two bases 1 that are close to each other form a group and cooperate with each other. The two groups located on both sides of the roadway have the same structure. During normal operation, the trapezoidal steel 6 provides support for the top of the roadway. In an emergency, the top plate 3 can also share some of the pressure. The gap between the trapezoidal steel 6 can better adapt to the irregular and uneven roadway top surface.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The drive assembly includes: an oil tank 21, a hydraulic push rod 22, and a plate 24. The oil tank 21 is fixedly connected inside the base 1. The output end of the oil tank 21 is connected to an oil supply pipe 23. The hydraulic push rod 22 is fixedly connected to one end of the base 1. The oil tank 21 is connected to the hydraulic push rod 22 through the oil supply pipe 23. A slot 25 is provided at one end of the hydraulic push rod 22. The plate 24 is slidably connected to the top of the base 1. The plate 24 is inserted into the slot 25. The oil supply pipe 23 is located inside the protective shell 4.

[0033] It should be noted that: one end of the insert plate 24 is located above the top of the base 1, and the insert plate 24 can be manually pulled out by the staff. The protective shell 4 is used to protect the oil pipeline 23 from the influence of the external environment.

[0034] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The rotating assembly includes: an oil diversion valve 31, a hydraulic motor 32, a drive shaft 33, a drive gear 34, a driven shaft 35, a driven gear 36, a bearing 37, and a spring 38. The bottom of the hydraulic push rod 22 is fixedly connected to the oil diversion valve 31. Hydraulic motors 32 are equidistantly fixedly connected inside the top plate 3. Multiple sets of hydraulic motors 32 are connected to the oil diversion valve 31 via oil supply pipes 23. The output end of the hydraulic motor 32 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 33, and drive gears 34 are symmetrically fixedly connected to both ends of the drive shaft 33. Inside the top plate 3… Bearings 37 are fixedly connected at equal intervals. Driven shafts 35 are installed at equal intervals inside the support belt 5. Both ends of the driven shafts 35 rotate within the corresponding bearings 37. Driven gears 36 are fixedly connected symmetrically at both ends of the driven shafts 35. Springs 38 are installed at equal intervals inside the top plate 3. One end of the spring 38 is fixedly connected to the bearing 37, and the other end of the spring 38 is fixedly connected to the top plate 3. Both the driving gear 34 and the driven gear 36 mesh with the bottom of the trapezoidal steel 6. The size of the driving gear 34 is slightly smaller than the size of the driven gear 36. The bearings 37 are square in design.

[0035] It should be noted that the square bearing 37 can better distribute the pressure transmitted from the driven shaft 35 to a larger contact surface when under force. The function of the spring 38 is to provide buffering and adaptive adjustment when the trapezoidal steel 6 is subjected to changes in force, so as to ensure that the trapezoidal steel 6 always maintains a good contact state with the top plate 3.

[0036] The working principle of the advanced support structure for fully mechanized mining faces provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0037] Supporting principle:

[0038] When operation begins, the hydraulic support 2 extends upward under the support of the base 1, causing the roof plate 3 to rise. This brings the support belt 5 and the trapezoidal steel 6 closer to the top of the tunnel. Since the top of the trapezoidal steel 6 is always higher than the upper surface of the roof plate 3, it will first contact the top of the tunnel. As the hydraulic support 2 continues to rise, the top of the tunnel exerts pressure on the trapezoidal steel 6. Because the size of the driving gear 34 is slightly smaller than that of the driven gear 36, the trapezoidal steel 6 on the driven gear 36 will initially bear greater pressure. As the pressure continues to increase, the trapezoidal steel on the driven gear 36... 6. Press down the driven gear 36, causing the driven shaft 35 at the center of the driven gear 36 to press down the bearing 37. The bearing 37 compresses the spring 38, realizing the energy storage of the driven gear 36 as it descends. When the trapezoidal steel 6 on the driving gear 34 also contacts the roof plate 3 and reaches the set support pressure, the hydraulic support 2 stops rising and maintains the set pressure value. If the roof plate 3 is uneven, the driven gear 36 can release the energy stored in the spring 38, causing the bearing 37 and the driven shaft 35 to rise, thereby driving the trapezoidal steel 6 on the driven gear 36 to rise, realizing close contact support with the top of the roadway.

[0039] Base 1 forward:

[0040] The oil reservoir 21 stores hydraulic oil. When the forward base 1 (the base 1 that moves forward) needs to be moved, the support base 1 (the base 1 that provides support) behind the forward base 1 provides support and driving force. The hydraulic oil in the oil reservoir 21 of the support base 1 is transported to the hydraulic push rod 22 through the oil pipe 23. The output end of the hydraulic push rod 22 extends and enters the forward base 1. At this time, the hydraulic oil flows into the hydraulic motor 32 of the forward base 1 through the oil diversion valve 31, causing the hydraulic motor 32 of the forward base 1 to rotate. The hydraulic motor 32 starts to rotate under the drive of the hydraulic oil, and the drive shaft 33 at its output end rotates accordingly. The drive gears 34 at both ends of the drive shaft 33 also rotate synchronously. The drive gears 34 mesh with the bottom of the trapezoidal steel 6, driving the trapezoidal steel 6 to rotate. At the same time, the trapezoidal steel 6 meshes with the driven gear 36, causing the driven shaft 35 to rotate in the bearing 37, realizing the rotation of the support belt 5. The hydraulic push rod 22 pushes and supports the movement. Under the combined action of the rotation of the belt 5, the forward base 1 moves away from the support base 1, realizing the lateral movement of the forward base 1. When the hydraulic push rod 22 extends into the forward base 1, the output end of the hydraulic push rod 22 pushes up the insert plate 24 on the forward base 1, and the output end of the hydraulic push rod 22 continues to move forward until the insert plate 24 is inserted into the slot 25 on the output end of the hydraulic push rod 22. The output end of the hydraulic push rod 22 also extends into the end of the forward base 1. After the forward base 1 completes its movement, the support base 1 needs to move forward. At this time, the hydraulic motor 32 of the support base 1 is rotated through the oil diversion valve 31, which finally makes the support belt 5 on the top of the support base 1 rotate. The insert plate 24 is inserted into the slot 25. At this time, the pulling force of the forward base 1 and the rotation of the support belt 5 work together to realize the forward movement of the support base 1. The distance that the output end of the hydraulic push rod 22 pushes or pulls the base 1 is the same as the stroke that the output end of the hydraulic motor 32 drives the drive gear 34 to rotate.

[0041] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pre-support structure for a fully mechanized mining face, characterized in that, include: The base (1) has a hydraulic support (2) symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the base (1), a top plate (3) fixedly connected to the top of the hydraulic support (2), and a protective shell (4) fixedly connected to the top of the base (1). Support belt (5), the top of the base (1) is equipped with support belt (5), and trapezoidal steel (6) is fixedly connected at equal intervals in the middle of the support belt (5); The driving component has a driving component for driving another base (1) fixedly connected to one end of the base (1); Rotating assembly, the base (1) is topped with a rotating assembly for rotating the trapezoidal steel (6).

2. The advanced support structure for fully mechanized mining faces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes an oil tank (21), a hydraulic push rod (22), and a plate (24). The oil tank (21) is fixedly connected inside the base (1). The output end of the oil tank (21) is connected to an oil supply pipe (23). The hydraulic push rod (22) is fixedly connected to one end of the base (1). The oil tank (21) is connected to the hydraulic push rod (22) through the oil supply pipe (23). A slot (25) is provided at one end of the hydraulic push rod (22). The plate (24) is slidably connected to the top of the base (1). The plate (24) is inserted into the slot (25).

3. The advanced support structure for fully mechanized mining faces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating assembly includes: an oil diversion valve (31), a hydraulic motor (32), a drive shaft (33), a drive gear (34), a driven shaft (35), a driven gear (36), a bearing (37), and a spring (38). The bottom of the hydraulic push rod (22) is fixedly connected to the oil diversion valve (31), and the top plate (3) is equidistantly fixedly connected to the hydraulic motors (32). Multiple sets of the hydraulic motors (32) are connected to the oil diversion valves (31) through oil supply pipes (23). The output end of the hydraulic motors (32) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft (33), and the two ends of the drive shaft (33) are symmetrically fixed. A drive gear (34) is fixedly connected inside the top plate (3), bearings (37) are fixedly connected at equal intervals inside the top plate (3), driven shafts (35) are installed at equal intervals inside the support belt (5), both ends of the driven shaft (35) rotate in the corresponding bearings (37), driven gears (36) are fixedly connected symmetrically at both ends of the driven shaft (35), springs (38) are installed at equal intervals inside the top plate (3), one end of the spring (38) is fixedly connected to the bearing (37), and the other end of the spring (38) is fixedly connected to the top plate (3), and the drive gear (34) and driven gear (36) mesh with the bottom of the trapezoidal steel (6).

4. The advanced support structure for fully mechanized mining faces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top height of the trapezoidal steel (6) is always higher than the upper surface of the top plate (3).

5. The advanced support structure for fully mechanized mining faces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The size of the driving gear (34) is slightly smaller than that of the driven gear (36).

6. The advanced support structure for fully mechanized mining faces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The oil pipeline (23) is located inside the protective shell (4).

7. The advanced support structure for fully mechanized mining faces according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are gaps between the multiple sets of trapezoidal steel (6).

8. The advanced support structure for fully mechanized mining faces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bearing (37) has a square design.

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