Circulating fluidized bed boiler with single-bed double-built-in horizontal water-cooling cyclone separation structure
By introducing a single-bed, double-built-in horizontal water-cooled cyclone separator structure into a circulating fluidized bed boiler, the problem of insufficient separation capacity in large boilers has been solved, combustion efficiency and space utilization have been optimized, and equipment costs and power consumption have been reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520011628.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing circulating fluidized bed boilers with a single-bed, single-separator structure cannot meet the increased circulating separation capacity requirements in large-scale boiler applications, resulting in low combustion efficiency and large space occupation.
The boiler adopts a single-bed, double-built-in horizontal water-cooled cyclone separator structure. By setting two horizontal water-cooled cyclone separators and a water-cooled return ash channel in the upper part of the furnace, it can separate and recycle large-diameter combustible particles. Combined with the water-cooled membrane wall structure, the overall boiler layout is optimized to reduce height and cost.
It improves combustion efficiency, reduces boiler height and equipment costs, while ensuring combustion stability and heat load uniformity, and reduces flue gas resistance and auxiliary power consumption.
Smart Images
Figure CN223709632U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to circulating fluidized bed boiler technical field, especially relate to a circulating fluidized bed boiler with single bed double built-in horizontal water cooling cyclone separation structure. BACKGROUND
[0002] Circulating fluidized bed boiler technology belongs to a kind of efficient and clean combustion technology, meet the requirements of current environmental protection production.The existing internal circulating fluidized bed structure is single bed single separator structure, as shown in Figure Figure 1 It is composed of combustion system, air distribution system, support and hanging steel structure and water circulation system, and its combustion chamber is composed of furnace, horizontal cyclone separator, water-cooled circulating ash channel and return device.The air distribution system of the boiler is composed of primary air, secondary air, coal-spreading air and return air.The support and hanging of the whole boiler are composed of steel structure, and the combustion system at the bottom of the boiler is combined with the air distribution system.The combustion process of the circulating fluidized bed boiler: under the joint action of feeding port and coal-spreading air, fuel particles send material into the furnace, fuel is suspended in the furnace at a corresponding height to form a fluidized state combustion, and in the process of fuel combustion rising, combustible particles larger than the cutting particle size in the flue gas are separated by the cyclone separator, enter the ash return flue, and the fuel is returned to the furnace by the return device for cyclic combustion until it is burned out.The unseparated flue gas enters the next flue to complete heat exchange and is finally discharged from the flue at the tail of the boiler.The existing internal circulating fluidized bed with single bed single separator structure is mainly suitable for small tonnage boilers (usually below 65 tons) ;when used for large boilers, the amount of circulating separated material increases, and the circulating separation capacity of the boiler needs to be increased accordingly, and due to the size limitation of the separator structure, the existing single separator structure cannot meet the requirements. SUMMARY
[0003] The utility model discloses a circulating fluidized bed boiler with single bed double built-in horizontal water cooling cyclone separation structure, which can effectively control the overall width of the boiler, ensure the furnace volume heat load, and control the overall height of the circulating fluidized bed boiler.
[0004] The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
[0005] The circulating fluidized bed boiler with single-bed double built-in horizontal water-cooled cyclone separation structure is composed of a combustion system, an air distribution system, a support and hanging steel structure and a water circulation system, the air distribution system is composed of primary air, secondary air, coal spreading air and returning material air, the support and hanging steel structure is composed of a steel structure, the combustion system comprises a combustion chamber, a turning chamber, a convection chamber, a coal economizer and an air preheater, the combustion chamber comprises a furnace bed, a furnace, a horizontal water-cooled cyclone separator, a water-cooled returning material ash channel and a returning material device, the bottom of the combustion chamber is a single furnace bed, two horizontal water-cooled cyclone separators are arranged at the upper dilute phase section of the furnace, and two water-cooled returning material ash channels are arranged on the inner side of the furnace, and one returning material device is arranged below each water-cooled returning material ash channel.
[0006] The utility model has the advantages that:
[0007] 1. The circulating fluidized bed boiler with single-bed double built-in horizontal water-cooled cyclone separation structure meets the furnace volume heat load, the temperature field in the furnace is more uniform, coking is not easy to occur, and combustion is more stable.
[0008] 2. After the flue gas combustion rises, the flue gas enters two horizontal water-cooled cyclone separators, combustible particles larger than the cutting particle size are separated by the cyclone separators and enter the water-cooled returning material ash channels arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the furnace, and the returning material device arranged below the returning material ash channel enables the fuel to enter the furnace for secondary combustion, thereby significantly improving the combustion efficiency of the boiler.
[0009] 3. The overall structure of the boiler is compact and occupies a small space: compared with the circulating fluidized bed boiler with the same volume heat load, the overall height of the boiler room can be reduced by increasing the width-height ratio of the boiler (i.e., mainly increasing the width of the boiler and secondarily trying not to increase or slightly increasing the height of the boiler) while ensuring the furnace volume heat load of the boiler; the steel structure type of the boiler is relatively small, the structure is compact, the cost of the support structure of the boiler is reduced, the flue gas resistance is correspondingly reduced, the overall auxiliary machine power consumption is low, and the cost of the entire boiler equipment is reduced.
[0010] 4. The boiler is basically manufactured in a water-cooled membrane wall structure, which ensures the overall sealing of the boiler, increases the heating area of the boiler, improves the combustion efficiency of the boiler and ensures that the boiler can reach the rated output.
[0011] 5. The utility model adopts a single furnace bed, the boiler is simple and easy to operate during startup and operation, and the furnace bed burns stably. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 is a prior art structure schematic view;
[0013] Figure 2 is a combustion chamber structure diagram of the utility model;
[0014] Figure 3 is a combustion chamber working process schematic view of the utility model.
[0015] Figure 4 This is a front view of the combustion system of this utility model;
[0016] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the combustion system of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0018] A circulating fluidized bed boiler with a single-bed, double-built-in horizontal water-cooled cyclone separator structure consists of a combustion system, an air distribution system, a supporting and hanging steel structure, and a water circulation system. The air distribution system comprises primary air, secondary air, coal feeding air, and return air. The supporting and hanging steel structure is composed of steel components. Figure 3 As shown, the combustion system includes a combustion chamber, a deflection chamber 6, a convection chamber 7, an economizer 8, and an air preheater 9. The combustion chamber includes a hearth 1, a furnace 2, a horizontal water-cooled cyclone separator 3, a water-cooled return ash channel 4, and a return device 5. Figure 2 As shown, the furnace bed set at the bottom of the combustion chamber is a single furnace bed 1. Two horizontal water-cooled cyclone separators 3 are set in the upper dilute phase section of the furnace 2. Two water-cooled return ash channels 4 and two return devices 5 are provided inside the furnace 2.
[0019] Furthermore, to meet the furnace volume heat load, the two horizontal water-cooled cyclone separators 3 are symmetrically arranged in the upper dilute phase section of the furnace 2.
[0020] The two water-cooled return ash channels 4 and the two return devices 5 are symmetrically arranged on the inner sides of the left and right walls of the furnace 2.
[0021] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, after the fuel enters the furnace 2, it is suspended at a corresponding height in the furnace 2 and forms a fluidized state for combustion. During the process of fuel combustion and rising, the hot flue gas (containing carbon particles) enters the horizontal water-cooled cyclone separator 3, where large-diameter carbon particles are separated and sent back into the furnace through the water-cooled return ash channels 4 on the left and right sides via the return device 5. The unseparated particles are sent into the convection chamber 7 through the turning chamber 6 from the outlet of the double separator along with the hot flue gas. After exchanging heat with the working fluid of the economizer 8 and the air preheater 9, they are discharged to the outside of the boiler from the outlet of the air preheater 9.
Claims
1. A circulating fluidized bed boiler with single-bed double built-in horizontal water-cooled cyclone separation structure, which is composed of a combustion system, an air distribution system, a supporting and hanging steel structure, and a water circulation system, the air distribution system is composed of primary air, secondary air, coal spreading air, and return material air, the supporting and hanging steel structure is composed of a steel structure, the combustion system includes a combustion chamber, a turning chamber (6), a convection chamber (7), a coal economizer (8), and an air preheater (9), the combustion chamber includes a furnace bed, a hearth (2), a horizontal water-cooled cyclone separator (3), a water-cooled return material ash channel (4), and a return material device (5), and the boiler is characterized in that: The furnace bed arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber is a single furnace bed (1), two horizontal water-cooled cyclone separators (3) are arranged at the upper dilute phase section of the hearth (2), two water-cooled return dust channels (4) and two return dust devices (5) are arranged inside the hearth (2).
2. A circulating fluidized bed boiler with a single bed double built-in horizontal water-cooled cyclone separation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two horizontal water-cooled cyclone separators (3) are symmetrically arranged at the upper dilute phase section of the hearth (2).
3. A circulating fluidized bed boiler with a single-bed double-embedded horizontal water-cooled cyclone separation structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The two water-cooled return dust channels (4) and the two return dust devices (5) are symmetrically arranged inside the left and right walls of the hearth (2).