Optical structure of laser radar
By introducing an adjustable attenuator and aperture into the optical structure of the lidar, the total amount of laser emission energy and received signal can be dynamically adjusted, solving the problem of signal saturation or distortion in traditional lidar under different weather conditions, and achieving stable detection results under different weather conditions.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423261420.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-27
AI Technical Summary
Traditional lidar suffers from signal saturation or distortion due to variations in atmospheric scattering under different weather conditions, which affects detection performance.
Introducing an adjustable attenuator and an adjustable aperture into the optical structure of a lidar allows for dynamic adjustment of the laser's emitted energy and received signal volume by controlling the attenuation level of the attenuator and adjusting the aperture, ensuring that the signal remains unsaturated and is effectively amplified under different weather conditions.
It improves the adaptability and operational stability of lidar under different weather conditions, ensures signal effectiveness and amplification of small signals, and avoids data distortion caused by signal saturation.
Smart Images
Figure CN223711822U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to radar optics technical field, concretely relates to a kind of optical structure of laser radar. BACKGROUND
[0002] Environment radar, especially laser radar technology, is mainly applied to atmospheric monitoring, and plays an increasingly important role in environmental protection and meteorological industry.
[0003] Environment radar, especially laser radar, generally speaking, laser radar is by transmitting and receiving two sets of optical systems, by transmitting end active sending shaped laser beam, when encountering target, light reflection or scattering back is received by receiving system to produce feedback on probe, after signal processing to determine the various information of target.
[0004] Traditional radar is equipped with attenuator and diaphragm, but attenuator and diaphragm are fixed, not adjustable, and generally only in exit or receiving two places, one of which is added, so that traditional radar receives atmospheric scattering echo signal, atmospheric scattering ability is different under different weather, so that, in particular sunny weather (atmospheric scattering weak), radar can work normally, but far-end signal can be obtained more by improving laser energy, realize to improve detection distance, amplify weak signal effect;In polluted or low-visibility weather (atmospheric scattering is very strong);Radar near-end signal is easily saturated, causing detection value to be less than actual value, form data distortion.
[0005] Therefore, the utility model provides a kind of optical structure of laser radar. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides an optical structure of laser radar, which increases adjustment, improves the adaptability of the radar under different weather conditions, and improves the operation stability.
[0007] The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
[0008] An optical structure of laser radar comprises
[0009] The transmitting device comprises a laser, and a first reflector, a second reflector, a beam expander and a main lens are sequentially arranged on the emitting light path of the laser, and a first adjustable attenuator is arranged between the laser and the first reflector for the first reflector to pass through the emitting light path.
[0010] The receiving device comprises a center mirror arranged between an expansion mirror and a main lens light path, a third mirror, an adjustable diaphragm, a filter, a light splitting prism and a photon detector are arranged in the reflected light path of the center mirror in sequence, a second adjustable attenuator is arranged in the light path between the light splitting prism and the photon detector; a third adjustable attenuator is arranged in the light path between the adjustable diaphragm and the filter.
[0011] The first adjustable attenuator, the adjustable diaphragm, the second adjustable attenuator and the third adjustable attenuator are electrically connected with the controller.
[0012] Preferably, the photon detector is at least two, and a second adjustable attenuator is arranged in the light path between each photon detector and the light splitting prism.
[0013] Preferably, the closing speed of the adjustable diaphragm is not more than 1s.
[0014] Preferably, a stepping motor is arranged in the adjustable diaphragm, and the gear ratio of the stepping motor is 100:1.
[0015] Preferably, a limit switch is arranged in the adjustable diaphragm, and the limit switch is three mechanical switches.
[0016] Preferably, the adjustment time of the first adjustable attenuator, the second adjustable attenuator and the third adjustable attenuator from the maximum light intensity to the minimum light intensity is less than 0.2s, and the adjustment range of the transmittance of the first adjustable attenuator, the second adjustable attenuator and the third adjustable attenuator is 0.2% to 98%.
[0017] Preferably, the light transmission aperture of the first adjustable attenuator, the second adjustable attenuator and the third adjustable attenuator is greater than 5mm.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
[0019] The scheme is different from the traditional radar, and adjustable attenuators are arranged at the laser output, the front end of the optical filter and the front end of the detector respectively, the attenuation degree of each attenuator is controlled, the signal is maximized under the premise of not saturation, and especially, the electric attenuating sheet is arranged at the front end of the laser, which is used for adjusting the emission energy of the laser, and the actual output energy of the laser is larger than the theoretical calculation demand; after the laser is used for a period of time, the energy of the laser gradually decreases, at this time, the radar system is not in the best working state, and the attenuating sheet needs to be adjusted to ensure that the radar recovers to the best state; the adjustable diaphragm is arranged in the transmission light path of the receiving device to control the total amount of received light signals, so as to prevent saturation caused by strong signals, and the multiple adjustable attenuators and the adjustable diaphragm cooperate with the photon detector, so as to ensure the effectiveness of the signal under different weather conditions and amplify the small signal, so that the adaptability of the radar under different weather conditions is improved by increasing the adjustment, and the operation stability is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.
[0021] Figure 1 The structure of the optical structure of the laser radar of the present application is shown in the structure diagram.
[0022] The drawings are as follows: 1-laser; 2-first mirror; 3-second mirror; 4-beam expander; 5-main lens; 6-first adjustable attenuator; 7-center mirror; 8-third mirror; 9-adjustable diaphragm; 10-optical filter; 11-splitting prism; 12-photon detector; 13-second adjustable attenuator; 14-third adjustable attenuator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0024] In the description of the utility model, it is necessary to explain that, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and the like are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0025] In the description of the utility model, it is necessary to explain that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrated connection, it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection, it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the communication inside two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0026] The embodiment provides an optical structure of a laser radar, as shown in the figure, Figure 1 The transmitting device comprises a laser 1, a first mirror 2, a second mirror 3, a beam expander 4 and a main lens 5 are sequentially arranged on the transmitting light path of the laser 1, and a first adjustable attenuator 6 is arranged between the laser 1 and the first mirror 2 for the transmitting light path to pass through.
[0027] The receiving device comprises a center mirror 7 arranged between the beam expander 4 and the main lens 5 light path, a third mirror 8, an adjustable diaphragm 9, a filter 10, a light splitting prism 11 and a photon detector 12 are sequentially arranged on the reflecting light path of the center mirror 7, a second adjustable attenuator 13 is arranged on the light path between the light splitting prism 11 and the photon detector 12, and a third adjustable attenuator 14 is arranged on the light path between the adjustable diaphragm 9 and the filter 10.
[0028] The first adjustable attenuator 6, the adjustable diaphragm 9, the second adjustable attenuator 13 and the third adjustable attenuator 14 are electrically connected with the controller.
[0029] In the embodiment, the photon detector 12 is at least two, and a second adjustable attenuator 13 is arranged on the light path between each photon detector 12 and the light splitting prism 11.
[0030] In the embodiment, the closing speed of the adjustable diaphragm 9 is not more than 1s.
[0031] In the embodiment, the adjustable diaphragm 9 is provided with a stepping motor, and the gear ratio of the stepping motor is 100:1.
[0032] In the embodiment, the adjustable light barrier 9 is provided with limit switches, and the limit switches are three mechanical switches.
[0033] In the embodiment, the first adjustable attenuator 6, the second adjustable attenuator 13 and the third adjustable attenuator 14 have an aperture greater than 5mm.
[0034] Working principle: Different from the traditional radar, adjustable attenuators are respectively arranged at the outlet of the laser 1, the front end of the optical filter 10 and the front end of the photon detector 12, the attenuation degree of each attenuator is controlled, so that the signal is maximum under the premise of not saturation, and especially, the electric attenuator at the front end of the laser 1 is used for adjusting the emission energy of the laser 1, and the actual output energy of the laser 1 is greater than the theoretical calculation requirement; after the laser 1 is used for a period of time, the energy of the laser 1 gradually decreases, at this time, the radar system is not in the best working state, and the attenuation sheet is needed to adjust to ensure that the radar recovers to the best state; the adjustable light barrier 9 is installed into the transmission light path of the receiving device to control the total amount of received light signals, prevent saturation caused by strong signals, and ensure the effectiveness of the signal under different weather and amplification of the small signal under the cooperation of the plurality of adjustable attenuators, the adjustable light barrier 9 and the photon detector 12, so as to improve the adaptability of the radar under different weather conditions by increasing the adjustment, and improve the operation stability.
[0035] The above only describes the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the utility model, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. An optical structure of a lidar, characterized by: Comprising The transmitting device comprises a laser (1), a first mirror (2), a second mirror (3), a beam expander (4) and a main lens (5) are sequentially arranged on the transmitting light path of the laser (1), a first adjustable attenuator (6) is arranged between the laser (1) and the first mirror (2) for the transmitting light path to pass through; The receiving device comprises a center mirror (7) arranged between the beam expander (4) and the main lens (5) on the light path, a third mirror (8), an adjustable diaphragm (9), a filter (10), a light splitting prism (11) and a photon detector (12) are sequentially arranged on the reflecting light path of the center mirror (7), a second adjustable attenuator (13) is arranged between the light splitting prism (11) and the photon detector (12) on the light path; a third adjustable attenuator (14) is arranged on the light path between the adjustable diaphragm (9) and the filter (10); The first adjustable attenuator (6), the adjustable diaphragm (9), the second adjustable attenuator (13) and the third adjustable attenuator (14) are electrically connected with the controller.
2. The optical structure of a lidar according to claim 1, wherein: The photon detector (12) is at least two, and a second adjustable attenuator (13) is arranged on the light path between each photon detector (12) and the light splitting prism (11).
3. The optical structure of a lidar according to claim 1, wherein: The closing speed of the adjustable diaphragm (9) is not more than 1s.
4. The optical structure of a lidar according to claim 3, wherein: The adjustable diaphragm (9) is provided with a stepping motor, and the gear ratio of the stepping motor is 100:
1.
5. The optical structure of a lidar according to claim 4, wherein: The adjustable diaphragm (9) is provided with a limit switch, and the limit switch is three mechanical switches.
6. The optical structure of a lidar according to claim 1, wherein: The adjustment time of the maximum to minimum light intensity of the first adjustable attenuator (6), the second adjustable attenuator (13) and the third adjustable attenuator (14) is less than 0.2s, and the adjustment range of the transmittance of the first adjustable attenuator (6), the second adjustable attenuator (13) and the third adjustable attenuator (14) is 0.2%-98%.
7. The optical structure of a lidar according to claim 6, wherein: The light transmission aperture of the first adjustable attenuator (6), the second adjustable attenuator (13) and the third adjustable attenuator (14) is greater than 5mm.