Electrolytic copper smelting tail gas treatment device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electrolytic copper smelting tail gas treatment device which comprises an acid pickling tower, an alkaline washing tower, a wet type electrostatic dust collector, a settling vat and a control cabinet, the acid pickling tower is connected with the alkaline washing tower through a gas connecting pipe, and the alkaline washing tower is connected with the wet type electrostatic dust collector through a gas connecting pipe. The acid washing tower, the alkaline washing tower and the wet electrostatic dust collector are all connected with the settling vat; a double-layer pickling layer and an acid liquor feeding device are arranged in the pickling tower; double alkali washing layers and an alkali liquor feeding device are arranged in the alkali washing tower; the wet type electrostatic dust collector comprises a dust collection tower, and a dust collection guide plate, a cleaning mechanism and a dust collection mechanism are sequentially arranged in the dust collection tower in the gas flowing direction. The control cabinet is electrically connected with the acid liquor feeding device, the alkali liquor feeding device, the cleaning mechanism and the dust collecting mechanism respectively. The device has the advantages of being ingenious in design and easy to operate, harmful substances in tail gas can be removed, copper-containing mud cakes can be recycled, and zero emission is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to industrial tail gas treatment technical field, especially relate to a kind of electrolytic copper smelting tail gas treatment device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The up-drawing furnace is a device for smelting electrolytic copper with electricity as energy source. Raw materials, electrolytic copper plates and leftover materials from the cold heading process, are added to the smelting bin at high temperature. After the raw materials are completely dissolved, ammonium raw materials and alloys are added with phosphor copper alloy in a certain proportion. The completely fused alloy copper liquid will flow into the holding bin and then into the casting bin for continuous forging. In this process, tail gas is generated, which may contain harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen chloride, as well as solid waste such as smoke and dust. The components in the tail gas have different chemical properties and the particle size of the particulate matter is small, which makes it difficult to treat the tail gas.

[0003] Currently, cloth bag dust removal or spray tower is often used to treat tail gas. However, it is found in the use process that the cloth bag dust removal method cannot treat the harmful gases in the tail gas. The corrosive gases in the tail gas can corrode the equipment, and the high temperature and high humidity state of the tail gas can also cause the cloth bag to be pasted and blocked. The spray tower used to treat tail gas has little effect on particulate matter smaller than 10 μm, and the alkaline waste gas is prone to react with copper to block the filler. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a tail gas treatment device to effectively treat harmful gases and particulate matter in the tail gas so that the tail gas can be discharged up to standard. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device for treating tail gas generated during the smelting of electrolytic copper.

[0005] The technical solution to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a device for treating tail gas generated during the smelting of electrolytic copper, comprising: an acid washing tower, an alkali washing tower, a wet electrostatic precipitator, a settling barrel and a control cabinet. The acid washing tower is connected to the alkali washing tower by a gas connection pipe. The alkali washing tower is connected to the wet electrostatic precipitator by a gas connection pipe. The liquid outlets of the acid washing tower and the alkali washing tower and the water outlet of the wet electrostatic precipitator are connected to the settling barrel. The acid washing tower is provided with a double-layer acid washing layer inside and is connected to an acid liquid feeding device. The alkali washing tower is provided with a double-layer alkali washing layer inside and is connected to an alkali liquid feeding device. The wet electrostatic precipitator comprises a dust removal tower, which is provided with a dust collecting guide plate, a cleaning mechanism and a dust collecting mechanism inside in sequence along the gas flow direction. The control cabinet is electrically connected to the acid liquid feeding device, the alkali liquid feeding device, the cleaning mechanism and the dust collecting mechanism, respectively.

[0006] In an embodiment, the acid washing tower comprises a tower body, a baffle, a filler layer, and a spray head, the tower body is provided with an air inlet below the sidewall, the upper end of the tower body is provided with an air outlet, the bottom of the tower body is provided with a liquid collecting tank, and the liquid collecting tank is provided with a liquid outlet below.

[0007] In an embodiment, the baffle, the filler layer, and the spray head are sequentially arranged in the tower body from bottom to top, the baffle is located above the air inlet, the filler layer and the spray head are both two layers, and the filler layer and the spray head are arranged at intervals.

[0008] In an embodiment, the acid liquid feeding device comprises an acid liquid storage tank, an acid washing pump, and an acid liquid water inlet pipe, the water inlet end of the acid washing pump is connected with the acid liquid storage tank, the two ends of the acid liquid water inlet pipe are respectively connected with the spray head in the acid washing tower and the acid washing pump, and the acid washing pump is electrically connected with the control cabinet.

[0009] In an embodiment, the alkali washing tower has the same structure as the acid washing tower.

[0010] In an embodiment, the alkali liquid feeding device comprises an alkali liquid storage tank, an alkali washing pump, and an alkali liquid water inlet pipe, the water inlet end of the alkali washing pump is connected with the acid liquid storage tank, the two ends of the alkali liquid water inlet pipe are respectively connected with the spray head in the alkali washing tower and the alkali washing pump, and the alkali washing pump is electrically connected with the control cabinet.

[0011] In an embodiment, the dust removal tower is provided with a dust removal air inlet at the lower end of the sidewall, the upper end of the dust removal tower is provided with a dust removal air outlet, the bottom of the dust removal tower is provided with a dust removal water collecting tank, and the dust removal water collecting tank is provided with a water outlet below.

[0012] In an embodiment, the cleaning mechanism comprises a water tank, a water pump, and a cleaning spray head, the water pump is electrically connected with the control cabinet, the water pump is connected with the water tank and the cleaning spray head through a water pipe, and the water outlet direction of the cleaning spray head is towards the dust collecting mechanism.

[0013] In an embodiment, the dust collecting mechanism comprises a power supply, a discharge electrode, and a collecting electrode, the power supply is connected with the control cabinet and the discharge electrode respectively.

[0014] In an embodiment, the settling barrel is provided with a water inlet at the upper part and a sludge discharge port at the bottom, a baffle is arranged below the water inlet, a water outlet hole and an overflow weir are arranged around the sidewall of the settling barrel, and the water outlet hole is located inside the overflow weir.

[0015] The utility model discloses an electrolytic copper smelting tail gas treatment device, through setting the acid pickling tower, alkali washing tower and wet type electrostatic precipitator connected in proper order, first adopt the acid absorption ammonia gas and copper particle in the particulate matter of alkaline gas in the tail gas, reach the removal of alkaline pollutant, avoid the plugging of copper mud to the acid pickling tower, the secondary adoption alkali washing can neutralize the acid gas such as hydrogen chloride in the tail gas, and the acid pickling tower and alkali washing tower remove the larger particulate matter, reduce the load in the wet type electrostatic precipitator, the tail gas passes through the wet type electrostatic precipitator finally, can remove the particulate matter less than 10um in the tail gas, make the tail gas reach the emission standard and not pollute the environment, the tail water of acid pickling tower, alkali washing tower and wet type electrostatic precipitator are all discharged into the settling barrel and settle, the supernatant after settling returns to the spray tower and circulates, and the sediment can be made into copper mud cake and sold after dewatering treatment, improve the enterprise benefit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments, and it should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electrolytic copper smelting tail gas treatment device of an embodiment.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dust removal tower of the electrolytic copper smelting tail gas treatment device of an embodiment.

[0019] In the drawings, 10, electrolytic copper smelting tail gas treatment device, 100, acid pickling tower, 110, tower body, 111, gas inlet, 112, gas outlet, 113, liquid collecting tank, 114, liquid outlet, 120, guide plate, 130, packing layer, 140, spray head, 150, acid liquid feeding device, 151, acid liquid storage tank, 152, acid pickling pump, 153, acid liquid inlet pipe, 200, alkali washing tower, 210, alkali liquid feeding device, 211, alkali liquid storage tank, 212, alkali washing pump, 213, alkali liquid inlet pipe, 300, wet type electrostatic precipitator, 310, dust removal tower, 311, dust removal gas inlet, 312, dust removal gas outlet, 313, dust removal water collecting tank, 314, water outlet, 320, dust collecting guide plate, 330, cleaning mechanism, 331, cleaning spray head, 340, dust collecting mechanism, 341, power supply, 342, discharge electrode, 343, collecting electrode, 400, settling barrel, 410, water inlet, 420, baffle, 430, water outlet hole, 440, overflow weir. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] It should be noted that the embodiments in the utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The technical solutions of the utility model will be further described below in combination with the drawings of the embodiments of the utility model. The utility model is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0021] It should be understood that the same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the utility model, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for exemplary illustration, and cannot be understood as a limitation on the patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 An electrolytic copper smelting tail gas treatment device 10, including: pickling tower 100, alkali washing tower 200, wet electrostatic precipitator 300, settling barrel 400 and control cabinet, the pickling tower 100 is connected with alkali washing tower 200 by gas connecting pipe, the alkali washing tower 200 is connected with wet electrostatic precipitator 300 by gas connecting pipe, the liquid outlet of pickling tower 100 and alkali washing tower 200 and the water outlet of wet electrostatic precipitator 300 are connected with settling barrel 400;The pickling tower 100 is internally provided with double-layer pickling layer and is connected with acid liquid feeding device 150;The alkali washing tower 200 is internally provided with double-layer alkali washing layer and is connected with alkali liquid feeding device 210;The wet electrostatic precipitator 300 includes dust removal tower 310, dust removal tower 310 is internally provided with dust collection guide plate 320, cleaning mechanism 330 and dust collection mechanism 340 in turn along the gas flow direction;The control cabinet is electrically connected with the acid liquid feeding device 150, alkali liquid feeding device 210, cleaning mechanism 330 and dust collection mechanism 340 respectively.

[0023] In the embodiment, the harmful substances in the tail gas are gradually purified by the acid washing tower 100, the alkali washing tower 200 and the wet electrostatic precipitator 300 connected in sequence. The tail gas reacts with the acid liquid in the acid washing tower 100, and the tail gas passes through the double-layer acid washing layer in sequence to fully contact and react with the acid liquid, so that the copper-containing particles and the alkaline gas in the tail gas can be removed. The double-layer alkali washing layer in the alkali washing tower 200 further neutralizes the acidic gas, and removes the hydrogen chloride and other acidic gases in the tail gas. The wet electrostatic precipitator 300 efficiently removes fine particulate matter, finally realizes the standard emission of the tail gas, and protects the environmental safety. The dust collecting and guiding plate 320 in the wet electrostatic field precipitator can make the gas distribute uniformly, and avoid local high or low flow rate. The cleaning mechanism 330 above the dust collecting and guiding plate 320 is used for cleaning the dust collecting mechanism 340, removing the dust deposited on the dust collecting mechanism 340, and preventing secondary dust raising. The corona discharge is generated by the dust collecting mechanism 340, so that the particulate matter is charged and adsorbed on the side wall of the dust collecting mechanism 340, and gradually slides down to the bottom of the wet electrostatic precipitator 300 under the action of gravity, and is discharged into the settling barrel 400 together with the clean water flow. The tail water of the acid washing tower 100, the alkali washing tower 200 and the wet electrostatic precipitator 300 is collected by the settling barrel 400, and solid-liquid separation is performed. The supernatant is recycled for use in the spraying, and the sediment is made into copper-containing mud cake for sale.

[0024] In one embodiment, the acid washing tower 100 comprises a tower body 110, a flow guide plate 120, a filler layer 130, and a spray head 140. The tower body 110 is provided with an air inlet 111 below the side wall, an air outlet 112 at the upper end, and a liquid collecting groove 113 at the bottom. The alkali washing tower 200 has the same structure as the acid washing tower 100. Specifically, the tower body 110 of the acid washing tower 100 and the alkali washing tower 200 is a cylindrical structure. The air inlet 111 is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the tower body 110, and the air outlet 112 is arranged at the upper end of the tower body 110. The air outlet of the acid washing tower 100 is connected to the air inlet of the alkali washing tower 200 through a gas connecting pipe. The tail gas enters the tower body 110, and then passes through the flow guide plate 120, the spray head 140 and the filler layer 130 in sequence. The acid liquid or alkali liquid in the spray head 140 sprays and reacts with the tail gas to remove the harmful substances and particulate matter in the tail gas. The liquid collecting groove 113 at the bottom of the tower body 110 is used for collecting the waste liquid, and the liquid outlet 114 is connected to the settling barrel 400 to discharge the waste liquid into the settling barrel 400 for next step processing.

[0025] In one embodiment, the flow guide plate 120, the filler layer 130 and the spray head 140 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top inside the tower body 110, the flow guide plate 120 is located above the air inlet 111, the filler layer 130 and the spray head 140 are both two layers, and the filler layer 130 and the spray head 140 are arranged at intervals. Specifically, the flow guide plate 120 is arranged inside the tower body 110 and above the air inlet 111 to make the gas pass uniformly; the filler layer 130 and the spray head 140 are both two layers, and the filler layer 130 and the spray head 140 are arranged at intervals to make the tail gas fully contact with the acid liquid and the alkali liquid, thereby optimizing the washing efficiency; the number of the spray head 140 in each layer is multiple, and the spray head 140 is arranged in an array to ensure that the tail gas in the acid washing tower 100 and the alkali washing tower 200 can fully react with the acid liquid or the alkali liquid.

[0026] In one embodiment, the acid liquid feeding device 150 comprises an acid liquid storage tank 151, an acid washing pump 152 and an acid liquid water inlet pipe 153, the water inlet end of the acid washing pump 152 is connected with the acid liquid storage tank 151, the two ends of the acid liquid water inlet pipe 153 are respectively connected with the acid washing pump 152 and the spray head 140 inside the acid washing tower 100, and the acid washing pump 152 is electrically connected with the control cabinet. Specifically, the acid liquid storage tank 151 in the acid liquid feeding device 150 stores sulfuric acid, the sulfuric acid is pumped out from the acid liquid storage tank 151 by the acid washing pump 152 and is delivered to the spray head 140 through the acid liquid water inlet pipe 153, under the action of the spray head 140, the sulfuric acid is uniformly sprayed in the tail gas, the sulfuric acid reacts with the ammonia and copper particles in the tail gas to effectively remove and purify the tail gas; the power of the acid washing pump 152 is controlled by the control cabinet, thereby controlling the spraying concentration of the spray head 140 in the acid washing tower.

[0027] In one embodiment, the alkali liquid feeding device 210 comprises an alkali liquid storage tank 211, an alkali washing pump 212 and an alkali liquid water inlet pipe 213, the water inlet end of the alkali washing pump 212 is connected with the acid liquid storage tank 151, the two ends of the alkali liquid water inlet pipe 213 are respectively connected with the spray head 140 inside the alkali washing tower 200 and the alkali washing pump 212, and the alkali washing pump 212 is electrically connected with the control cabinet. Specifically, the alkali liquid storage tank 211 stores sodium hydroxide solution, the sodium hydroxide solution is pumped out from the alkali liquid storage tank 211 by the alkali washing pump 212 and is delivered to the spray head 140 inside the alkali washing tower 200 through the alkali liquid water inlet pipe 213, under the action of the spray head 140, the sodium hydroxide solution reacts with the acidic gas such as hydrogen chloride in the tail gas to further neutralize the harmful components in the tail gas, thereby ensuring that the exhaust gas meets the environmental protection standard, and the spraying amount of the alkali liquid is accurately controlled by the control cabinet to ensure the efficiency and stability of the alkali washing process.

[0028] In one embodiment, the side wall lower end of the dust removal tower 310 is provided with a dust removal air inlet 311, the upper end of the dust removal tower 310 is provided with a dust removal air outlet 312, the bottom of the dust removal tower 310 is provided with a dust removal water collecting tank 313, and the lower part of the dust removal water collecting tank 313 is provided with a water outlet 314. Specifically, the dust removal air inlet 311 of the dust removal tower 310 is arranged at the lower end of the side wall and connected with the air outlet of the caustic washing tower 200, so that the tail gas enters from the bottom, passes through the dust collecting guide plate 320 to make the gas uniformly rise, and after contacting the dust collecting mechanism 340, the particulate matter is effectively intercepted. The water outlet 314 is connected with the water inlet 410 of the settling barrel 400, and after the particulate matter settles in the dust removal water collecting tank 313, it is discharged through the water outlet 314, and the purified gas is discharged from the upper end dust removal air outlet 312, ensuring that the discharge meets the standard.

[0029] In one embodiment, the cleaning mechanism 330 includes a water tank, a water pump, and a cleaning spray head 331, the water pump is electrically connected with the control cabinet, the water pump is connected with the water tank and the cleaning spray head 331 through the water pipe respectively, and the water outlet direction of the cleaning spray head 331 is towards the dust collecting mechanism 340. Specifically, the cleaning liquid stored in the water tank is pumped out by the water pump, transported to the cleaning spray head 331 through the water pipe, and the cleaning spray head 331 sprays the cleaning liquid on the dust collecting mechanism 340, which carries away the particulate matter deposited on the surface of the dust collecting mechanism 340, keeps it clean and efficient, and prolongs the service life of the equipment.

[0030] In one embodiment, the dust collecting mechanism 340 includes a power supply 341, a discharge electrode 342, and a collecting electrode 343, and the power supply 341 is connected with the control cabinet and the discharge electrode 342 respectively. Specifically, the power supply 341 provides high voltage for the discharge electrode 342, so that the discharge electrode 342 generates a strong electric field, which in turn makes the tiny particulate matter in the tail gas charged and absorbed by the collecting electrode 343, effectively improving the dust removal efficiency. The power supply 341 is connected with the control cabinet, and the switch and voltage regulation of the power supply 341 can be controlled through the control cabinet, so as to ensure that the electric field strength is moderate, prevent excessive consumption of electric energy, and at the same time ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment.

[0031] In one embodiment, the settling tank 400 is provided with a water inlet 410 at the upper portion and a sludge discharge port at the bottom, a baffle 420 is arranged below the water inlet 410, a water outlet hole 430 and an overflow weir 440 are arranged around the side wall of the settling tank 400, and the water outlet hole 430 is located inside the overflow weir 440. Specifically, the tail water discharged by the pickling tower 100, the caustic tower 200 and the wet electrostatic precipitator 300 enters through the water inlet 410 at the upper end of the settling tank 400, the baffle 420 is arranged below the water inlet 410, which can prevent the tail water from directly impacting the bottom sediment, so that it can slowly settle, and the supernatant after settling enters the overflow weir 440 inside through the water outlet hole 430 arranged around the side wall of the settling tank 400, and then flows out of the overflow weir 440 and is reused in the spray tower; the sediment is deposited at the bottom of the settling tank 400 and is discharged periodically through the sludge discharge port, and the discharged sediment is made into copper-containing sludge cake after dehydration, so as to realize resource recycling and reduce environmental pollution.

[0032] The working process of the utility model is as follows: after the tail gas of the copper electrolysis after smelting in the up-drawing furnace enters the gas inlet 111 of the pickling tower 100, the nozzle 140 sprays sulfuric acid into the pickling tower 100, so that the sulfuric acid reacts with the copper particles and alkaline substances such as ammonia in the gas, removes the alkaline pollutants and avoids the blockage of the copper mud to the spray tower, the tail gas after the treatment of the pickling tower 100 enters the caustic tower 200, the nozzle 140 sprays sodium hydroxide solution, neutralizes the acidic substances in the tail gas, and then the tail gas is discharged from the caustic tower 200 and enters the wet electrostatic precipitator 300, the strong electric field generated by the discharge electrode 342 makes the tiny particulate matters in the tail gas charged and adsorbed by the collecting electrode 343, and the purified gas is discharged from the upper gas outlet 112, the tail water discharged by the pickling tower 100, the caustic tower 200 and the wet electrostatic precipitator 300 is collected to the settling tank 400, the supernatant is returned to the spray tower after settling and overflow, the sediment is discharged periodically and made into copper-containing sludge cake after dehydration, so as to realize resource recycling and reduce environmental pollution.

[0033] Obviously, the above embodiments of the utility model are only examples for clearly illustrating the utility model, and are not a limitation on the embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary skilled persons in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made on the basis of the above description. Here, all the embodiments are not enumerated. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model claim.

Claims

1. An electrolytic copper smelting off-gas treatment device, characterized by The application relates to a combined acid and alkali washing tower. The acid washing tower comprises a tower body, a guide plate, a filler layer and a spray head, a gas inlet is arranged at the lower side wall of the tower body, a gas outlet is arranged at the upper end of the tower body, a liquid collecting groove is arranged at the bottom of the tower body, and a liquid outlet is arranged below the liquid collecting groove.

2. The electrolytic copper smelter off-gas treatment device of claim 1, wherein, The guide plate, the filler layer and the spray head are sequentially arranged in the tower body from bottom to top, the guide plate is arranged above the gas inlet, the filler layer and the spray head are both two layers, and the filler layer and the spray head are arranged at intervals.

3. The electrolytic copper smelter off-gas treatment device of claim 2, wherein, The acid liquid feeding device comprises an acid liquid storage tank, an acid washing pump and an acid liquid water inlet pipe, the water inlet end of the acid washing pump is connected with the acid liquid storage tank, the two ends of the acid liquid water inlet pipe are respectively connected with the acid washing pump and the spray head in the acid washing tower, and the acid washing pump is electrically connected with the control cabinet.

4. The electrolytic copper smelter off-gas treatment device of claim 3, wherein, The alkali washing tower has the same structure as the acid washing tower.

5. The electrolytic copper smelter off-gas treatment device of claim 3, wherein, The alkali liquid feeding device comprises an alkali liquid storage tank, an alkali washing pump and an alkali liquid water inlet pipe, the water inlet end of the alkali washing pump is connected with the acid liquid storage tank, the two ends of the alkali liquid water inlet pipe are respectively connected with the spray head in the alkali washing tower and the alkali washing pump, and the alkali washing pump is electrically connected with the control cabinet.

6. The electrolytic copper smelter off-gas treatment device of claim 5, wherein, The dust removal gas inlet is arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the dust removal tower, the dust removal gas outlet is arranged at the upper end of the dust removal tower, the dust removal water collecting groove is arranged at the bottom of the dust removal tower, and the water outlet is arranged below the dust removal water collecting groove.

7. The electrolytic copper smelter off-gas treatment device of claim 1, wherein, The cleaning mechanism comprises a water tank, a water pump and a cleaning spray head, the water pump is electrically connected with the control cabinet, the water pump is connected with the water tank and the cleaning spray head through water pipes, and the water outlet direction of the cleaning spray head is towards the dust collecting mechanism.

8. The electrolytic copper smelter off-gas treatment device of claim 7, wherein, The dust collecting mechanism comprises a power supply, a discharge electrode and a collecting electrode, and the power supply is connected with the control cabinet and the discharge electrode.

9. The electrolytic copper smelter off-gas treatment device of claim 8, wherein, The upper part of the settling barrel is provided with a water inlet, the bottom is provided with a sludge discharge port, a baffle is arranged below the water inlet, a water outlet hole and an overflow weir are arranged around the side wall of the settling barrel, and the water outlet hole is arranged inside the overflow weir.

10. The electrolytic copper smelter off-gas treatment device of claim 9, wherein, ​

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