Crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium ion batteries

Abstract

The utility model provides a crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium ion batteries. The crusher comprises a rack, a pressing mechanism, a pushing mechanism, a first crushing mechanism, a screening net, a second crushing mechanism, a discharging mechanism, a waste liquid discharging groove and an air purifying mechanism, a first machine shell, a second machine shell and a supporting table are arranged on the machine frame, the first machine shell communicates with the second machine shell, the supporting table is arranged in the first machine shell, the material pressing mechanism, the material pushing mechanism, the first crushing mechanism, the screening net, the second crushing mechanism, the discharging mechanism and the waste liquid discharging groove are arranged in the first machine shell, and the air purifying mechanism is arranged in the second machine shell. Compared with the prior art, the crusher for recycling the valuable metals from the waste lithium ion batteries, disclosed by the utility model, has the advantages that the waste batteries can be firstly flattened, and then are subjected to primary crushing and secondary crushing, so that the crushing effect on the waste batteries is improved, and the subsequent recycling process is facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of waste battery recycling, and particularly relates to a crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium ion batteries. BACKGROUND

[0002] The valuable metal elements contained in waste lithium batteries mainly include cobalt, nickel, lithium, copper and aluminum. Among them, cobalt, as the metal with the highest content, accounts for about 10% of waste lithium batteries, and is an important raw material in the high-tech field. The content of nickel is also considerable, usually accounting for 5% to 15%, mainly used for stainless steel and alloy manufacturing. Although the content of lithium is relatively low, only between 2% and 3%, its wide application field makes its value significant. In addition, waste lithium batteries also contain a certain amount of copper and aluminum, and their recycling is also of great significance.

[0003] In terms of recycling, physical treatment and smelting methods are mainly used. In the physical treatment method, mechanical crushing, screening, magnetic separation and gravity separation are usually used to separate the components in waste lithium ion batteries. This method is simple to operate, has high recovery rate of metals and black powder, is stable in operation, and is equipped with environmental protection devices to avoid secondary environmental pollution. The physical recycling method is mainly suitable for recycling of large-scale waste batteries, and can achieve efficient separation through an automatic production line.

[0004] Currently, the device for mechanically crushing waste lithium ion batteries usually directly crushes the batteries through multiple crushing rollers, and the crushing effect is poor, and the crushed pieces are relatively large. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model aims at overcoming the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, and provides a crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium ion batteries.

[0006] One embodiment of the utility model provides a crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium ion batteries, comprising: a rack, a pressing mechanism, a pushing mechanism, a first crushing mechanism, a screening net, a second crushing mechanism, a discharging mechanism, a waste liquid discharge groove and an air purification mechanism.

[0007] The first casing and the second casing are in communication with each other, the supporting table is arranged in the first casing, the pressing mechanism, the pushing mechanism, the first crushing mechanism, the screening net, the second crushing mechanism, the discharging mechanism and the waste liquid discharge groove are arranged in the first casing, and the air purification mechanism is arranged in the second casing; wherein,

[0008] The pressing mechanism is arranged above the support table and is used to press the material on the support table.

[0009] The pushing mechanism is arranged on one side of the support table and is used to push the pressed material out of the support table.

[0010] The first crushing mechanism is arranged below the support table, and the first crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of first crushing rollers arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and the first crushing rollers are rotationally connected with the frame.

[0011] The screening net is arranged below the first crushing rollers, and a plurality of screening holes are arranged on the screening net.

[0012] The second crushing mechanism is arranged below the screening net, and the second crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of second crushing rollers arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and the second crushing rollers are rotationally connected with the frame.

[0013] The discharging mechanism comprises a guide chute, the guide chute is arranged below the second crushing rollers, the guide chute extends into the second casing from the first casing, and then extends out of the second casing, the guide chute gradually inclines downward in the direction from the first casing to the second casing, and a plurality of liquid leakage holes are arranged on the part of the guide chute in the first casing.

[0014] The waste liquid discharge groove is arranged below the guide chute and extends out of the first casing, and the waste liquid discharge groove gradually inclines downward in the direction from the inside of the first casing to the outside of the first casing.

[0015] The air purification mechanism is arranged in the second casing.

[0016] In some optional embodiments, a plurality of crushing teeth are arranged on the first crushing roller, the plurality of crushing teeth are uniformly arranged around the rotation axis of the first crushing roller, and part of the crushing teeth on the side of the first crushing roller facing the screening net extends into the screening hole.

[0017] In some optional embodiments, the screening hole is in the shape of a strip and extends around the rotation axis of the first crushing roller.

[0018] In some optional embodiments, a first guide space is formed in the first casing, the first guide space gradually shrinks in the direction from top to bottom, and the first crushing roller is arranged in the first guide space.

[0019] In some optional embodiments, a second material guiding space is formed in the first housing, the second material guiding space is communicated with the bottom of the first material guiding space, the second material guiding space is gradually tapered in the direction from top to bottom, and the second crushing roller is arranged in the second material guiding space.

[0020] In some optional embodiments, the second crushing mechanism comprises multiple groups of the second crushing rollers, each group comprises multiple second crushing rollers, and the multiple groups of the second crushing rollers are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the multiple second crushing rollers in the same group are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction.

[0021] In some optional embodiments, the air purification mechanism comprises a filter and a fan, the filter is arranged in the second housing, the air inlet of the fan is connected with the filter, and the air outlet of the fan is communicated to the outside of the second housing.

[0022] In some optional embodiments, the discharging mechanism further comprises a vibrator, and the vibrator is connected with the material guiding groove.

[0023] In some optional embodiments, the rack is provided with a leakage groove on the left and right sides of the support table, and the pushing mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the support table, and the pushing mechanism is used for pushing the crushed material to the front side of the support table.

[0024] In some optional embodiments, the support table is provided with a material blocking plate on the left and right sides, and the bottom of the material blocking plate is provided with a liquid discharge hole, and the liquid discharge hole extends towards the leakage groove.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium ion batteries can crush the waste batteries first, and then perform primary crushing and secondary crushing on the waste batteries, thereby improving the crushing effect of the waste batteries and facilitating the subsequent recycling process.

[0026] In order to enable a clearer understanding of the present application, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a sectional view of the crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium ion batteries according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the screening net according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 is a partial structural view of the rack and the pushing mechanism in a sectional state according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Reference Signs List:

[0031] 10, rack; 11, first housing; 12, second housing; 13, support table; 14, first material guiding space; 15, second material guiding space; 16, leakage groove; 17, material blocking plate; 18, liquid discharging hole; 19, front blocking plate; 20, material pressing mechanism; 30, material pushing mechanism; 40, first crushing mechanism; 41, first crushing roller; 42, crushing tooth; 50, screening net; 51, screening hole; 60, second crushing mechanism; 61, second crushing roller; 70, discharging mechanism; 71, material guiding groove; 72, liquid leakage hole; 73, vibrator; 80, waste liquid discharging groove; 90, air purification mechanism; 91, filter; 92, fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality of" means two or more, and "several" means one or more. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "straight", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0034] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting", "fixing" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or can be integrated; can be mechanically connected, or can be electrically connected; can be directly connected, or can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In the description of the utility model, the description of reference terms "one embodiment", "some optional implementation" or "some optional embodiment" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment or example are contained in at least one embodiment or example of the application.In the specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 The utility model discloses an embodiment provides a kind of for the valuable metal of waste lithium ion battery recycling crusher, comprising: rack 10, pressing mechanism 20, push material mechanism 30, first crushing mechanism 40, screening net 50, second crushing mechanism 60, discharge mechanism 70, waste liquid discharge groove 80 and air purification mechanism 90;

[0037] Rack 10 is provided with first casing 11, second casing 12 and support table 13, first casing 11 and second casing 12 are communicated with each other, support table 13 is arranged in first casing 11, pressing mechanism 20, push material mechanism 30, first crushing mechanism 40, screening net 50, second crushing mechanism 60, discharge mechanism 70, waste liquid discharge groove 80 are arranged in first casing 11, and air purification mechanism 90 is arranged in second casing 12;Wherein,

[0038] Pressing mechanism 20 is arranged above support table 13, for flattening material on support table 13, to increase the surface area of material, facilitate subsequent crushing more fully.

[0039] In the embodiment, material refers to waste lithium ion battery.

[0040] Push material mechanism 30 is arranged at one side of support table 13, for pushing flattened material out of support table 13, so that material falls from support table 13;

[0041] First crushing mechanism 40 is arranged below support table 13, and first crushing mechanism 40 includes a plurality of first crushing rollers 41 arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, the first crushing roller 41 is rotationally matched with the rack 10, and the material falling from the support table 13 will be crushed into larger fragments by the first crushing roller 41;

[0042] Screening net 50 is arranged below first crushing roller 41, and a plurality of screening holes 51 are arranged on screening net 50, screening holes 51 are used to screen material fragments meeting certain size, so that larger material that has not been well crushed passes through screening net 50, improving crushing effect;

[0043] The second crushing mechanism 60 is arranged below the screening net 50, and the second crushing mechanism 60 comprises a plurality of second crushing rollers 61 arranged side by side in the horizontal direction and rotatingly connected with the frame 10. The material crushed by the first crushing rollers 41 falls through the screening net 50 and then falls onto the second crushing rollers 61, and is further crushed into smaller pieces by the second crushing rollers 61.

[0044] The discharging mechanism 70 comprises a guide chute 71 arranged below the second crushing rollers 61, and the guide chute 71 extends from the first casing 11 into the second casing 12 and then extends out of the second casing 12. The guide chute 71 gradually inclines downward in the direction from the first casing 11 to the second casing 12. A plurality of liquid leakage holes 72 are arranged on the part of the guide chute 71 located in the first casing 11. The crushed material falls along the guide chute 71 out of the first casing 11 and the second casing 12, and the waste liquid generated during the crushing falls through the liquid leakage holes 72.

[0045] The waste liquid discharge groove 80 is arranged below the guide chute 71 and extends out of the first casing 11. The waste liquid discharge groove 80 gradually inclines downward in the direction from the first casing 11 to the outside of the first casing 11. The waste liquid falls on the waste liquid discharge groove 80 after falling through the liquid leakage holes 72, and is discharged out of the first casing 11 by the waste liquid discharge groove 80.

[0046] The air purification mechanism 90 is arranged in the second casing 12 and is used for filtering the dust generated during the crushing, which is conducive to purifying the air.

[0047] After the material is placed on the support table 13, it is flattened by the pressing mechanism 20 and then pushed off the support table 13 by the pushing mechanism 30. The material is subjected to one-time crushing by the first crushing mechanism 40, screening by the screening net 50, and two-time crushing by the second crushing mechanism 60, and then is sent to the next process by the discharging mechanism 70. The waste liquid is transported to other processes by the waste liquid discharge groove 80, and the air purification mechanism 90 can purify the dust pollution generated during the crushing.

[0048] The first crushing rollers 41 and the second crushing rollers 61 can be driven to rotate by a power module, and the power module can be a motor (not shown in the figure).

[0049] The pushing mechanism 30 can adopt a push plate and an electric cylinder. The electric cylinder is arranged on the frame 10 and drives the push plate to move. The push plate is used to push the flattened material.

[0050] The pressing mechanism 20 can adopt a pressing plate and a downward pressing cylinder. The downward pressing cylinder is arranged on the frame 10 and is drivingly connected with the pressing plate. The pressing plate is used to press the material downward.

[0051] In some optional embodiments, the first crushing roller 41 is provided with a plurality of crushing teeth 42 for crushing the material, the plurality of crushing teeth 42 are uniformly arranged around the rotation axis of the first crushing roller 41, and the part of the crushing teeth 42 located on the side of the first crushing roller 41 facing the screening net 50 extends into the screening hole 51. Since the material fragments generated by the primary crushing are relatively large, they may be blocked in the screening hole 51. The crushing teeth 42 can be used to push the material fragments in the screening hole 51 to avoid the clogging of the screening hole 51.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 2 In some optional embodiments, the screening hole 51 is in a strip shape and extends around the rotation axis of the first crushing roller 41, thereby facilitating the sweeping of the screening hole 51 by the crushing teeth 42 when the first crushing roller 41 rotates, so that the screening hole 51 remains unblocked.

[0053] In some optional embodiments, the first machine shell 11 is formed with a first material guiding space 14, the first material guiding space 14 gradually shrinks in the direction from top to bottom, and the first crushing roller 41 is arranged in the first material guiding space 14, thereby facilitating the guiding of the material to be crushed by the first crushing roller 41.

[0054] In some optional embodiments, the first machine shell 11 is formed with a second material guiding space 15, the second material guiding space 15 communicates with the bottom of the first material guiding space 14, the second material guiding space 15 gradually shrinks in the direction from top to bottom, and the second crushing roller 61 is arranged in the second material guiding space 15, thereby facilitating the guiding of the material to be crushed by the second crushing roller 61.

[0055] In some optional embodiments, the second crushing mechanism 60 includes a plurality of groups of second crushing rollers 61, each group includes a plurality of second crushing rollers 61, and the plurality of groups of second crushing rollers 61 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the plurality of second crushing rollers 61 in the same group are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction.

[0056] In some optional embodiments, the air purification mechanism 90 includes a filter 91 and a fan 92, the filter 91 is arranged in the second machine shell, the air inlet of the fan 92 is connected with the filter 91, and the air outlet of the fan 92 communicates to the outside of the second machine shell. The filter 91 can be a bag filter 91 or the like, and the negative pressure generated by the fan 92 drives the gas in the first machine shell and the second machine shell to pass through the filter 91 and then is blown out from the air outlet of the fan 92 to the outside of the second machine shell, while the dust in the first machine shell and the second machine shell is filtered by the filter 91, thereby effectively avoiding the pollution of the factory and the environment around the factory.

[0057] In some optional embodiments, the discharging mechanism 70 further comprises a vibrator 73 connected with the guide chute 71, the vibrator 73 is used to apply vibration to the guide chute 71, so that the material pieces move better along the guide chute 71, and it is also beneficial for the waste liquid to smoothly pass through the liquid leakage hole 72.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 3 In some optional embodiments, the rack 10 is provided with the leakage groove 16 on the left and right sides of the support table 13, and the pushing mechanism 30 is arranged on the rear side of the support table 13, the pushing mechanism 30 is used to push the flattened material out to the front side of the support table 13, and the flattening of the material will also cause the waste of the material to leak out, in order to avoid the accumulation of waste liquid on the support table 13, the leakage groove 16 is arranged on the left and right sides of the support table 13, the waste liquid can fall through the leakage groove 16, then through the liquid leakage hole 72, and then fall into the waste liquid discharge groove 80.

[0059] In some optional embodiments, the support table 13 is provided with the material blocking plate 17 on the left and right sides, the material blocking plate 17 prevents the flattened material from falling from the leakage groove 16, the bottom of the material blocking plate 17 is provided with the liquid discharge hole 18, the liquid discharge hole 18 extends towards the leakage groove 16, and the waste liquid can flow through the liquid discharge hole 18 to the leakage groove 16.

[0060] In addition, the front baffle 19 can also be arranged on the rack 10, the top of the front baffle 19 is rotationally connected with the rack 10, after the material is pushed by the pushing mechanism 30, the material will drive the front baffle 19 to rotate and leave the front side of the support table 13, so that the material falls smoothly, and the front baffle 19 can return to the front side of the support table 13 by using its own gravity. The front baffle 19 has a certain gravity, so it can block the material from falling off the support table 13 when the pushing mechanism 30 does not push the material.

[0061] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A crusher for recycling valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of waste liquid treatment machine, including: Rack, material pressing mechanism, material pushing mechanism, first crushing mechanism, screening net, second crushing mechanism, discharging mechanism, waste liquid discharge groove and air purification mechanism; The first shell and the second shell are communicated with each other, the support table is arranged in the first shell, the material pressing mechanism, the material pushing mechanism, the first crushing mechanism, the screening net, the second crushing mechanism, the discharging mechanism, the waste liquid discharge groove are arranged in the first shell, and the air purification mechanism is arranged in the second shell;Wherein, The material pressing mechanism is arranged above the support table, for flattening the material on the support table; The material pushing mechanism is arranged on one side of the support table, for pushing the flattened material out of the support table; The first crushing mechanism is arranged below the support table, and the first crushing mechanism includes a plurality of first crushing rollers arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and the first crushing rollers are rotatably connected with the rack. The screening net is arranged below the first crushing roller, and a plurality of screening holes are arranged on the screening net. The second crushing mechanism is arranged below the screening net, and the second crushing mechanism includes a plurality of second crushing rollers arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and the second crushing rollers are rotatably connected with the rack. The discharging mechanism includes a guide chute, the guide chute is arranged below the second crushing roller, the guide chute extends from the first shell into the second shell, and then extends out of the second shell, the guide chute gradually inclines downward in the direction from the first shell to the second shell, and a plurality of liquid leakage holes are arranged on the part of the guide chute in the first shell. The waste liquid discharge groove is arranged below the guide chute and extends out of the first shell, and the waste liquid discharge groove gradually inclines downward in the direction from the first shell to the outside of the first shell. The air purification mechanism is arranged in the second shell.

2. The crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of crushing teeth are arranged on the first crushing roller, the plurality of crushing teeth are uniformly arranged around the rotation axis of the first crushing roller, and part of the crushing teeth on the side of the first crushing roller facing the screening net extends into the screening hole.

3. The crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: The screening hole is strip-shaped and extends around the rotation axis of the first crushing roller.

4. The crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first guide space is formed in the first shell, the first guide space gradually shrinks in the direction from top to bottom, and the first crushing roller is arranged in the first guide space.

5. The crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second guide space is formed in the first shell, the second guide space is communicated with the bottom of the first guide space, the second guide space gradually shrinks in the direction from top to bottom, and the second crushing roller is arranged in the second guide space.

6. The crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second crushing mechanism includes a plurality of groups of second crushing rollers, each group includes a plurality of second crushing rollers, a plurality of groups of second crushing rollers are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and a plurality of second crushing rollers in the same group are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction.

7. The crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium-ion batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The air purification mechanism comprises a filter and a fan, the filter is arranged in the second casing, an air inlet of the fan is connected with the filter, and an air outlet of the fan is communicated to outside of the second casing.

8. The crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium-ion batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The discharging mechanism further comprises a vibrator connected with the guide chute.

9. The crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium-ion batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A leakage groove is arranged on the left and right sides of the support table, and the pushing mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the support table, and is used for pushing the flattened material to the front side of the support table.

10. The crusher for recycling valuable metals from waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 9, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the support table are provided with material blocking plates, the bottom of the material blocking plate is provided with a liquid discharge hole, and the liquid discharge hole extends towards the leakage groove.

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