Vacuum microwave casting furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vacuum microwave casting furnace, and relates to the technical field of metal casting processing. In order to solve the problems that existing microwave casting equipment only optimizes traditional induction heating, resistance heating and other means into more energy-saving microwave heating, and the casting solidification process is not effectively controlled, the following technical scheme is provided: the device comprises a furnace shell, a crucible and a casting mold, a microwave source is arranged at the side end of the crucible, and a transmission mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the crucible; an induction heating coil is arranged at the side end of the casting mold, an ultrasonic vibration plate is arranged at the bottom of the casting mold, and a composite partition plate is arranged at the top of the casting mold; a lifting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the casting mold, and the microwave source, the transmission mechanism, the induction heating coil, the ultrasonic vibration plate, the composite partition plate and the lifting mechanism are all in communication connection with a control system. The ultrasonic vibration plate and the vacuum microwave casting are combined, the solidification structure of the casting is refined, the comprehensive mechanical property of the material is improved, and energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection are facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to metal casting processing technical field, concretely relates to a vacuum microwave foundry furnace. BACKGROUND

[0002] Casting is one of the main processing methods of metal materials. The raw materials of the predetermined ratio are heated and melted into liquid, and then the metal liquid is poured into a mold with a certain shape. After the metal liquid solidifies and cools to room temperature, subsequent heat treatment and surface treatment are carried out to obtain the final product. For the casting process, the melting and pouring processes are two core processes.

[0003] In the melting process, induction melting is mainly used, which has high energy consumption and safety hazards caused by cooling water leakage. As a clean energy, microwave has high heating efficiency, fast heating rate and high safety factor. Today, microwave heating has been widely used in the casting process of metal materials. For the existing microwave casting equipment, only microwave heating is used instead of traditional induction heating and resistance heating, and the solidification process of casting is not effectively controlled, resulting in large grain size of the casting product and limited comprehensive mechanical properties. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a vacuum microwave foundry furnace to solve the problem that the existing microwave casting equipment only optimizes traditional induction heating, resistance heating and other methods to more energy-saving microwave heating, and does not effectively control the solidification process of casting.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model to solve the above technical problem is as follows:

[0006] A vacuum microwave foundry furnace comprises a furnace shell, a crucible and a casting mold arranged inside the furnace shell respectively, a microwave source arranged at the side end of the crucible for heating the crucible or the charge in the crucible, and a transmission mechanism arranged at the bottom of the crucible for overturning casting.

[0007] The side end of the casting mold is provided with an induction heating coil, the bottom of the casting mold is provided with an ultrasonic vibration plate, the top of the casting mold is provided with a composite partition plate, and the casting mold is blocked by the furnace shell and the composite partition plate to block the microwave of the microwave source. The bottom of the casting mold is provided with a lifting mechanism, and the microwave source, the transmission mechanism, the induction heating coil, the ultrasonic vibration plate, the composite partition plate and the lifting mechanism are in communication connection with the control system.

[0008] Preferably, a heat insulation plate is arranged between the casting mold and the ultrasonic vibration plate.

[0009] Preferably, an infrared temperature measuring instrument is arranged on the top of the furnace shell and above the inlet end of the crucible, and the infrared temperature measuring instrument is in communication connection with the control system.

[0010] Preferably, the transmission mechanism comprises a flap arranged at the bottom of the crucible, and the bottom of the flap is connected with the first servo motor through a first transmission member.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a second transmission member and a second servo motor arranged at the bottom of the ultrasonic vibration plate.

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall of the furnace shell is provided with a heat preservation layer.

[0013] Preferably, the side end of the furnace shell is provided with a vacuum system for vacuumizing the inside of the furnace shell.

[0014] Preferably, the side end of the furnace shell is provided with a gas cylinder system for regulating the internal atmospheric environment of the furnace shell.

[0015] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] Significantly refine the solidification structure of castings: by introducing ultrasonic vibration, the solidification structure of castings is effectively refined. The cavitation effect and micro-jet effect of ultrasonic waves in the metal liquid can break the growth of dendritic crystals and promote the formation of equiaxed crystals, thereby changing the microstructure of the castings to relatively small equiaxed crystals. This refinement effect is more than one order of magnitude smaller than the grain size of castings obtained by existing microwave casting, significantly improving the microstructure quality of the castings.

[0017] Improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of materials: due to the significant refinement of the solidification structure of the castings, the comprehensive mechanical properties are also significantly improved. The small equiaxed crystal structure can increase the strength and toughness of the material, reduce the generation of defects and cracks, and thereby improve the overall performance of the castings. This has important significance for improving the reliability and service life of products.

[0018] Optimize the casting process: the scheme combines the advantages of vacuum microwave casting and ultrasonic casting, realizing precise control of the casting process. The vacuum environment can reduce the oxidation and air absorption of the metal liquid, improving the quality of the castings; while microwave heating has the characteristics of rapidity and uniformity, which can significantly improve the casting efficiency. The introduction of ultrasonic vibration further optimizes the casting process, making the structure and performance of the castings more excellent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The structure of the vacuum microwave casting furnace of the utility model is shown in the figure;

[0020] Figure 1 The reference signs shown in the figure respectively represent: infrared thermometer 1, crucible 2, furnace shell 3, heat preservation layer 4, microwave source 5, first sealing ring 7, first servo motor 8, composite partition 9, induction heating coil 10, casting mold 11, heat insulation plate 12, ultrasonic vibration plate 13, second sealing ring 14, second servo motor 15, vacuum system 16, gas cylinder system 17. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions of the utility model are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the utility model, not all. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort fall within the scope of the utility model.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 1 The utility model provides a kind of vacuum microwave casting furnace, the casting furnace combines the advantage of vacuum microwave casting and ultrasonic casting, to improve casting efficiency and product quality.The following is the detailed description of the specific implementation of the utility model.

[0023] Vacuum microwave casting furnace is mainly composed of furnace shell 3, crucible 2, casting mold 11 and related heating, transmission, ultrasonic vibration and control system components etc.Furnace shell 3 as the shell of the whole casting furnace, its inside is provided with insulation layer 4, for inhibiting temperature loss in heating process, improve energy utilization efficiency. Insulation layer 4 can be made of high-temperature resistant, low thermal conductivity material, such as aluminum silicate fiber, rock wool etc.

[0024] In the inside of furnace shell 3, crucible 2 is used to hold the ingredients to be melted. The side end of crucible 2 is provided with microwave source 5, for heating crucible 2 or furnace charge in crucible 2. Microwave source 5 can selectively heat furnace charge according to the nature characteristics of ingredients, so as to realize fast, uniform heating effect. The frequency and power of microwave source 5 can be adjusted according to actual demand, to meet the requirements of different ingredients melting temperature and time.

[0025] In order to ensure the safety and sealing in the process of microwave heating, sealing ring 7 is arranged between crucible 2 and furnace shell 3. Sealing ring 7 is made of high-temperature resistant, wear-resistant material, such as graphite, ceramic etc., to ensure that it will not fail due to high temperature in the heating process. At the same time, sealing ring 7 can also ensure the vacuum degree when furnace body is connected with transmission mechanism, to prevent external air from entering the furnace and affecting the casting process.

[0026] The bottom of crucible 2 is provided with transmission mechanism, for controlling the overturning and casting process of crucible 2. Transmission mechanism includes flap 6 arranged at the bottom of crucible 2, the bottom of flap 6 is connected with first servo motor 8 through first transmission member. First servo motor 8 can accurately control the overturning angle and speed of flap 6, so as to realize accurate casting control. First transmission member can adopt gear transmission, chain transmission or screw transmission etc., to ensure the stability and accuracy in transmission process.

[0027] During the casting process, the casting mold 11 is used to receive the molten metal poured out from the crucible 2. The side end of the casting mold 11 is provided with an induction heating coil 10 for preheating and maintaining the temperature of the casting mold 11. The induction heating coil 10 generates heat through electromagnetic induction principle, uniformly heating the casting mold 11 to prevent the molten metal from solidifying poorly due to low mold temperature during the casting process. The heating temperature of the induction heating coil 10 can be monitored and controlled by the thermocouple arranged near the mold to ensure that the mold temperature remains within the appropriate range.

[0028] In order to improve the density of the casting and reduce defects, the bottom of the casting mold 11 is provided with an ultrasonic vibration plate 13. The ultrasonic vibration plate 13 can generate high-frequency vibration waves that act on the molten metal, causing cavitation and micro-jet effects, thereby refining the grains and reducing defects such as pores and inclusions. The vibration frequency and power of the ultrasonic vibration plate 13 can be adjusted according to actual requirements to meet the requirements of different castings.

[0029] In order to prevent the ultrasonic vibration plate 13 from being damaged by the high-temperature molten metal during operation, a heat insulation plate 12 is provided between the casting mold 11 and the ultrasonic vibration plate 13. The heat insulation plate 12 is made of high-density high-temperature resistant materials such as graphite and silicon carbide to ensure that the ultrasonic vibration plate 13 can work normally without being affected by high temperature.

[0030] In order to monitor and control the temperature in the crucible 2 in real time, an infrared temperature measuring instrument 1 is provided on the top of the furnace shell 3 above the entrance end of the crucible 2. The infrared temperature measuring instrument 1 can non-contact measure the temperature in the crucible 2 and transmit the data to the control system. The control system can accurately control the heating power and time of the microwave source 5 according to the received temperature data to achieve reasonable casting temperature control.

[0031] In addition, the top of the casting mold 11 is provided with a composite partition plate 9 for blocking the influence of the microwave source 5 on the casting mold 11. The composite partition plate 9 is composed of wave-absorbing material and wave-transmitting heat-insulating material, which can absorb microwave energy and block its transmission to the casting mold 11. At the same time, the composite partition plate 9 can be opened or closed electrically as needed to facilitate the casting process.

[0032] In order to realize the lifting control of the casting mold 11, a lifting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the casting mold 11. The lifting mechanism includes a second transmission member arranged at the bottom of the ultrasonic vibration plate 13 and a second servo motor 15. The second servo motor 15 drives the ultrasonic vibration plate 13 and the casting mold 11 to lift together through the second transmission member, thereby realizing accurate casting height control. The second transmission member can also adopt gear transmission, chain transmission or screw transmission, etc. to ensure the stability and accuracy during lifting.

[0033] In order to ensure the vacuum degree and atmosphere environment control in the casting process, the side end of the furnace shell 3 is provided with a vacuum system 16 and a gas cylinder system 17. The vacuum system 16 is used to vacuum the furnace before microwave heating to remove air and other impurities in the furnace, so as to improve the casting quality. The gas cylinder system 17 is used to control the atmosphere environment in the furnace, such as introducing inert gas to protect the molten metal from oxidation, etc. The vacuum system 16 and the gas cylinder system 17 are in communication connection with the control system, and can be automatically controlled and adjusted according to the actual needs.

[0034] In the specific implementation process, the ingredients are first put into the crucible 2. Then, the microwave source 5 is started by the control system to heat and melt the ingredients. During the heating process, the infrared thermometer 1 monitors the temperature in the crucible 2 in real time and transmits the data to the control system. The control system accurately controls the heating power and time of the microwave source 5 according to the received temperature data, so as to ensure that the ingredients can be fully melted and reach the appropriate pouring temperature.

[0035] When the ingredients are fully melted, the control system controls the composite partition plate 9 to open. Then, the second servo motor 15 drives the pouring mold 11 to rise to the appropriate height through the second transmission member. At the same time, the ultrasonic vibration plate 13 is opened to perform ultrasonic vibration treatment on the metal liquid. At this time, the first servo motor 8 drives the flap 6 to overturn through the first transmission member, and the metal liquid in the crucible 2 is poured into the pouring mold 11.

[0036] During the pouring process, the induction heating coil 10 continuously preheats and insulates the pouring mold 11 to prevent the metal liquid from solidifying poorly due to the too low temperature of the mold. At the same time, the high-frequency vibration wave generated by the ultrasonic vibration plate 13 acts on the metal liquid to refine the grains, reduce pores and inclusions and other defects. After the pouring is completed, the control system controls the composite partition plate 9 to close, and the second servo motor 15 drives the pouring mold 11 to descend to the original position, waiting for the next step.

[0037] The vacuum microwave casting furnace of the utility model combines the advantages of vacuum microwave casting and ultrasonic casting, has the advantages of fast heating speed, uniform heating, high casting quality, etc. At the same time, through the means of accurate temperature control, atmosphere environment regulation and ultrasonic vibration treatment, the casting efficiency and product quality are further improved. In addition, the casting furnace of the utility model also has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, easy maintenance, etc., and is suitable for the casting processing field of various metal materials.

[0038] In the specific embodiment, the microwave source 5 can adopt a magnetron type microwave generator which can generate high-frequency microwave energy to rapidly heat the furnace charge. The frequency and power of the microwave source 5 can be adjusted according to the requirements of the ingredient composition and melting temperature. At the same time, the heating mode of the microwave source 5 can adopt intermittent heating or continuous heating, etc. to meet the needs of different casting processes.

[0039] The first servo motor 8 and the second servo motor 15 in the transmission mechanism can adopt high-precision and high-torque servo motors to ensure stability and accuracy during the casting process. The first transmission member and the second transmission member can adopt gear transmission or screw transmission, etc., to ensure smoothness and precision during transmission.

[0040] The heating temperature of the induction heating coil 10 can be monitored and controlled in real time by a thermocouple. The thermocouple can convert the temperature near the mold into an electrical signal and transmit it to the control system, which adjusts the heating power and time of the induction heating coil 10 according to the received temperature signal to ensure that the mold temperature remains within the appropriate range.

[0041] The vibration frequency and power of the ultrasonic vibration plate 13 can be adjusted according to the requirements of the casting. The ultrasonic vibration plate 13 can be made of piezoelectric ceramic or magnetostrictive material, etc., to generate high-frequency vibration waves. At the same time, the vibration mode of the ultrasonic vibration plate 13 can adopt continuous vibration or intermittent vibration, etc., to meet the needs of different casting processes.

[0042] The wave-absorbing material and wave-transparent heat-insulating material of the composite partition plate 9 can be selected according to the microwave frequency and temperature requirements. The wave-absorbing material can absorb microwave energy and convert it into heat energy or other forms of energy, thereby blocking the influence of microwaves on the casting mold 11. The wave-transparent heat-insulating material has good heat insulation performance and can prevent high-temperature molten metal from damaging the composite partition plate 9. At the same time, the opening and closing of the composite partition plate 9 can be automatically controlled by an electric mechanism to improve the casting efficiency.

[0043] The vacuum system 16 can use mechanical pumps, molecular pumps or diffusion pumps, etc., to achieve efficient vacuum pumping in the furnace. The gas cylinder system 17 can be equipped with various inert gas cylinders and control systems to achieve precise regulation of the atmosphere in the furnace. At the same time, the vacuum system 16 and the gas cylinder system 17 can be connected with the control system for automatic control and monitoring.

[0044] In summary, the vacuum microwave casting furnace of the present application combines the advantages of vacuum microwave casting and ultrasonic casting, has the advantages of fast heating speed, uniform heating, high casting quality, etc. At the same time, through precise temperature control, atmosphere regulation and ultrasonic vibration treatment, etc., the casting efficiency and product quality are further improved. In addition, the casting furnace of the present application also has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, easy maintenance, etc., and is suitable for casting processing of various metal materials. In the specific implementation process, each component can be selected and adjusted according to the actual needs to meet the requirements of different casting processes.

[0045] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A vacuum microwave induction furnace, characterized in that, The application relates to a microwave heating furnace, which comprises the following components: a furnace shell (3), a crucible (2) and a casting mold (11) arranged in the furnace shell (3) respectively, a microwave source (5) arranged at the side end of the crucible (2) and used for heating the crucible (2) or the furnace charge in the crucible (2), a transmission mechanism arranged at the bottom of the crucible (2) and used for overturning casting of the crucible (2); an induction heating coil (10) arranged at the side end of the casting mold (11), an ultrasonic vibration plate (13) arranged at the bottom of the casting mold (11), a composite partition plate (9) arranged at the top of the casting mold (11), the microwave source (5) being blocked by the furnace shell (3) and the composite partition plate (9), a lifting mechanism arranged at the bottom of the casting mold (11), and the microwave source (5), the transmission mechanism, the induction heating coil (10), the ultrasonic vibration plate (13), the composite partition plate (9) and the lifting mechanism being in communication connection with a control system. A heat insulation plate (12) is arranged between the casting mold (11) and the ultrasonic vibration plate (13). An infrared temperature measuring instrument (1) is arranged at the top of the furnace shell (3) and above the inlet end of the crucible (2), and the infrared temperature measuring instrument (1) is in communication connection with the control system.

2. The vacuum microwave casting furnace of claim 1, wherein, The transmission mechanism comprises a turning plate (6) arranged at the bottom of the crucible (2), and the bottom of the turning plate (6) is connected with a first servo motor (8) through a first transmission member.

3. The vacuum microwave induction furnace of claim 1, wherein, The lifting mechanism comprises a second transmission member and a second servo motor (15) arranged at the bottom of the ultrasonic vibration plate (13).

4. The vacuum microwave casting furnace of claim 1, wherein, The inner wall of the furnace shell (3) is provided with a heat preservation layer (4).

5. The vacuum microwave induction furnace of claim 1, wherein, The side end of the furnace shell (3) is provided with a vacuum system (16) used for vacuumizing the furnace shell (3).

6. The vacuum microwave induction furnace of claim 1, wherein, The side end of the furnace shell (3) is provided with a gas cylinder system (17) used for regulating and controlling the atmospheric environment in the furnace shell (3).

7. The vacuum microwave induction furnace of claim 1, wherein, ​ 8. The vacuum microwave induction furnace of claim 1, wherein, ​

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