Fully-immersed battery structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage devices, and provides a fully-immersed battery structure which comprises a battery shell provided with a containing cavity. A plurality of battery cells are arranged in the accommodating cavity; the cold plate is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the cold plate is positioned between two adjacent battery cells. According to the technical scheme, the problem that a battery pack and an energy storage system in the prior art have obvious insufficiency in the aspect of heat dissipation is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to energy storage device technical field, specifically, relate to a full submersion formula battery structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy technology, battery pack and energy storage system are increasingly widely used in the field of energy storage and utilization. In electric vehicles, renewable energy storage and many other scenarios, the performance and safety of the battery pack are crucial. In the battery pack and energy storage system, good heat dissipation management is of key importance to ensure the performance of the battery, prolong the service life and ensure the safe and stable operation of the system. However, the existing battery pack and energy storage system have obvious deficiencies in heat dissipation. The common heat dissipation scheme is to set a cold plate on the upper and lower surfaces of the battery cell, and the heat is taken away through the contact between the cold plate and the battery cell. However, this method has many problems. On the one hand, since the cold plate only contacts the upper and lower surfaces of the battery cell, the contact area is limited, which leads to poor cooling effect of the battery cell, and it is difficult to quickly and effectively take away the heat generated by the battery cell, which may cause the temperature of the battery cell to be too high, affecting the performance and life of the battery. On the other hand, the existing cold plate has low heat exchange efficiency with the outside, and cannot quickly dissipate the heat absorbed from the battery cell, which greatly reduces the efficiency of the entire heat dissipation system. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model provides a full submersion formula battery structure, solve the problem that the battery pack and energy storage system in related arts have obvious deficiencies in heat dissipation.

[0004] The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A full submersion formula battery structure, comprising:

[0006] A battery shell having a receiving cavity;

[0007] A plurality of battery cells arranged in the receiving cavity;

[0008] A cold plate arranged in the receiving cavity, and the cold plate is located between two adjacent battery cells.

[0009] As a further technical scheme, the cold plate has a refrigerant cavity, and a refrigerant flows in the refrigerant cavity, further comprising:

[0010] A cooling medium uniformly distributed in the receiving cavity.

[0011] As a further technical scheme, the cooling medium is a gas or a liquid.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the accommodating cavity has a refrigerant outlet and a refrigerant inlet, the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet are both communicated with the refrigerant cavity, and the refrigerant is circulated and transported between the refrigerant outlet, the refrigerant cavity and the refrigerant inlet.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the longitudinally arranged plurality of battery cells form a longitudinal battery group, the longitudinal battery group is arranged in a plurality of groups along a transverse direction, and the cold plate is vertically arranged, and the cold plate is arranged between every two adjacent longitudinal battery groups.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the utility model also comprises:

[0015] A bottom frame is arranged on the bottom wall of the accommodating cavity, and the plurality of battery cells are arranged on the bottom frame, and a first isolation gap is formed between the bottom frame and the bottom wall of the accommodating cavity.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the utility model also comprises:

[0017] A spacing frame is arranged between two adjacent battery cells arranged in a longitudinal direction, and the spacing frame has a second isolation gap.

[0018] As a further technical solution, the battery shell is a plurality of battery shells, and the utility model also comprises:

[0019] An arrangement frame is arranged in the placing space, and the battery shells are arranged in the placing space, and the placing space has a smoke outlet.

[0020] As a further technical solution, the utility model also comprises:

[0021] A smoke valve is arranged on the smoke outlet.

[0022] As a further technical solution, the utility model also comprises:

[0023] A cooling machine is arranged in the placing space, and the input end and the output end of the cooling machine are communicated with the refrigerant outlet and the refrigerant inlet respectively.

[0024] A fire-fighting device is arranged in the placing space.

[0025] The working principle and beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0026] In this invention, when the battery pack is operating, the cells generate heat, which is transferred to the cooling medium immersing the cells. The heat from the cooling medium is then transferred to vertically placed cold plates submerged in the medium. The cold plates are located between adjacent cells, and their vertical placement increases the contact area with the cooling medium, enabling more effective absorption of the heat generated by the cells, improving cooling efficiency, and extending the lifespan of the cells while maintaining stable performance. This structural layout is reasonable, making full use of the internal space of the battery casing without significantly increasing the size of the battery pack. The multiple cold plates ensure a more uniform temperature distribution between the cells, preventing localized overheating and thus improving the safety and reliability of the entire battery pack. It also improves the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery pack, reducing performance degradation caused by excessive temperature. Furthermore, it helps reduce the risk of thermal runaway in the battery pack, ensuring safe operation under various working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The preferred embodiments will be described below in a clear and easy-to-understand manner, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to further explain the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the battery casing in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery casing in this utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 This is another structural diagram of the internal structure of the battery casing in this utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partially enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the battery cell, base frame, and spacer frame from an independent viewpoint in this utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the arrangement rack in this utility model.

[0034] In the diagram: Battery casing-1, Receiving cavity-101, Refrigerant outlet-102, Refrigerant inlet-103, Battery cell-2, Vertical battery pack-201, Cold plate-3, Refrigerant cavity-301, Cooling medium-4, Smoke exhaust valve-5, Base frame-6, First isolation gap-601, Spacer frame-7, Second isolation gap-701, Arrangement rack-8, Placement space-801, Smoke exhaust port-802, Refrigeration unit-9, Fire-fighting device-10. Detailed Implementation

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, specific implementation manners of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative labor, and other embodiments can also be obtained.

[0036] In order to make the drawing simple, only the parts related to the present application are shown in each drawing, which does not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to make the drawing simple and easy to understand, in some drawings, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is shown, or only one of them is marked. In this paper, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one", and "several" includes "two" and "more than two".

[0037] In this paper, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection" and "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, or the communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for differentiation and description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] Referring to Figures 1-6 The embodiment of the present application provides a full-immersion battery structure, which comprises a battery shell 1, the battery shell 1 has a containing cavity 101; a plurality of battery cores 2 are arranged in the containing cavity 101; a cold plate 3 is arranged in the containing cavity 101, and the cold plate 3 is located between two adjacent battery cores 2.

[0040] In this embodiment, the battery shell 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and has an accommodation cavity 101 inside. A plurality of battery cells 2 are arranged in the accommodation cavity 101. The cold plate 3 is in the shape of a sheet, and is arranged between two adjacent battery cells 2 in the accommodation cavity 101. When the battery pack is working, the battery cells 2 generate heat, which is transferred to the cooling medium 4 that immerses the battery cells 2, and then the cooling medium 4 is transferred to the cold plate 3 that is immersed by the cooling medium 4. The cold plate 3 is located between the adjacent battery cells 2, and increases the contact area with the battery cells 2 through the cooling medium 4, so that the heat generated by the battery cells 2 can be more effectively absorbed, the cooling effect is improved, and the service life and performance stability of the battery cells 2 are improved. The structure is reasonable in layout, and fully utilizes the space inside the battery shell 1, without significantly increasing the volume of the battery pack. The arrangement of multiple cold plates 3 can make the temperature distribution between the battery cells 2 more uniform, avoid local overheating, and thus improve the safety and reliability of the entire battery pack. The charging and discharging efficiency of the battery pack is improved, and the performance decline caused by excessive temperature is reduced. The risk of thermal runaway of the battery pack is reduced, and the safe operation under various working conditions is ensured.

[0041] Further, the cold plate 3 has a refrigerant cavity 301, and a refrigerant is arranged to flow in the refrigerant cavity 301. The cooling medium 4 is also included, and the cooling medium 4 is uniformly distributed in the accommodation cavity 101.

[0042] In this embodiment, the refrigerant flows in the refrigerant cavity 301 of the cold plate 3, and at the same time, the cooling medium 4 is uniformly distributed in the entire accommodation cavity 101 in the accommodation cavity 101 inside the battery shell 1, in addition to the arranged battery cells 2 and the cold plates 3 located between the battery cells 2. When the battery pack is working, the battery cells 2 generate heat, which is finally transferred to the adjacent cold plate 3 through the cooling medium 4, and the cooling medium 4 can also absorb the heat around it to enhance the heat dissipation effect. The flow of the refrigerant in the refrigerant cavity 301 further enhances the heat absorption capacity of the cold plate 3, and the uniform distribution of the cooling medium 4 in the accommodation cavity 101 further enhances the absorption and transfer of the heat of the battery cells 2, greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency. The temperature in the entire battery pack can be made more uniform, local temperature difference is avoided, and the consistency of the performance of the battery cells 2 is ensured. It is helpful to rapidly reduce the temperature of the battery pack under high-power working conditions, and to improve the performance and reliability of the battery pack. The adaptability of the battery pack is improved, so that it can maintain good performance under different working environments and conditions. Compared with the cold plate 3 arranged on the upper and lower end faces of the battery cell 2 in the prior art, the cold plate 3 arranged in the interval and the cooling medium 4 arranged in this scheme greatly eliminate the temperature difference existing in different space positions inside the battery cell 2, improve the consistency of the internal temperature, and further improve the cooling efficiency of the battery cell 3.

[0043] Further, the cooling medium 4 is a gas or a liquid.

[0044] In this embodiment, the battery shell 1 contains a cavity 101, and the battery cells 2 are arranged in the cavity 101. The cold plates 3 are arranged between the battery cells 2, and the cooling medium 4 is uniformly distributed in the cavity 101. The cooling medium 4 can be a gas, such as nitrogen or air, or a liquid, such as a coolant. During the operation of the battery pack, the battery cells 2 generate heat. If the cooling medium 4 is a gas, the gas molecules will quickly diffuse and carry away the heat; if the cooling medium 4 is a liquid, the flow of the liquid will more effectively absorb and transfer the heat. The cooling medium 4 provides flexibility in choosing between gas and liquid, allowing for selection of the appropriate type of cooling medium 4 based on specific cooling requirements and cost considerations. Gas cooling medium 4 is less expensive and easily diffuses, quickly filling the space; liquid cooling medium 4 has higher heat capacity and thermal conductivity, providing more significant cooling effects. This rich variety of cooling solutions adapts to different application scenarios and working conditions.

[0045] Further, the cavity 101 has a coolant outlet 102 and a coolant inlet 103, both of which are in communication with the coolant chamber 301, and the coolant circulates between the coolant outlet 102, the coolant chamber 301, and the coolant inlet 103.

[0046] In this embodiment, during the operation of the battery pack, the coolant flows into the coolant chamber 301 from the coolant inlet 103. Then, the coolant flows out of the coolant outlet 102. The outgoing coolant is cooled by an external cooling treatment device and then flows back into the coolant chamber 301 from the coolant inlet 103, and the cycle continues.

[0047] This circulating design allows the coolant to continuously and efficiently remove the heat absorbed by the cold plates 3. At the same time, the uniformly distributed cooling medium 4 in the cavity 101 also plays an important role. When the battery pack generates a large amount of heat, the coolant quickly absorbs the heat from the cold plates 3, while the cooling medium 4 quickly absorbs the heat around the battery cells 2. The two work together to greatly improve the cooling efficiency. In high-temperature environments or high-power operation of the battery pack, the coolant and the cooling medium 4 work together to ensure that the heat is quickly removed, maintaining the temperature stability of the battery pack; in low-temperature environments or low-power operation, the cooperation of the two can be adjusted according to the actual situation to reduce system energy consumption while still ensuring good cooling effect. This synergistic effect is evenly distributed throughout the cavity 101, avoiding local temperature extremes, further improving the temperature consistency of the battery pack, and helping to extend the service life of the battery cells 2 and improve the performance and reliability of the battery pack.

[0048] Further, the longitudinally arranged battery cells 2 form a longitudinal battery pack 201, and the longitudinal battery pack 201 is arranged in several groups along the transverse direction. The cold plates 3 are arranged vertically, and each adjacent pair of longitudinal battery packs 201 has a cold plate 3 arranged therebetween.

[0049] In this embodiment, when the battery pack is working, the battery cells 2 generate heat, which is transferred to the adjacent cold plates 3. This grouping arrangement and cold plate 3 setting further increase the contact area between the cold plates 3 and the battery cells 2, improving the cooling efficiency. It can more evenly cool the entire battery pack, avoiding local overheating. It adapts to the layout needs of large-scale battery packs, making the cooling system more efficient and reliable. It is convenient for modular design and maintenance of the battery pack, reducing cost and maintenance difficulty. It improves the space utilization of the battery pack and achieves better cooling effect in limited space.

[0050] Further, it further includes a bottom frame 6, which is arranged on the bottom wall of the accommodating cavity 101, and the plurality of battery cells 2 are arranged on the bottom frame 6, and the first isolation gap 601 is formed between the bottom frame 6 and the bottom wall of the accommodating cavity 101.

[0051] In this embodiment, the bottom frame 6 is installed on the bottom wall in the accommodating cavity 101 of the battery shell 1. The plurality of battery cells 2 are arranged on the bottom frame 6, and the first isolation gap 601 is formed between the bottom frame 6 and the bottom wall of the accommodating cavity 101. During the working process of the battery pack, the bottom frame 6 plays a role in supporting and fixing the battery cells 2. The first isolation gap 601 provides a certain cooling space for the bottom of the battery pack, which helps to improve the cooling efficiency of the bottom. It can prevent the moisture and impurities on the bottom wall of the accommodating cavity 101 from directly contacting the battery cells 2, reducing the damage to the battery cells 2. The support of the bottom frame 6 to the battery cells 2 is more stable, reducing the vibration and displacement of the battery cells 2 during operation, and improving the stability of the battery pack.

[0052] Further, it further includes a spacing frame 7, which is arranged between the two adjacent battery cells 2 arranged longitudinally, and the spacing frame 7 has a second isolation gap 701.

[0053] In this embodiment, the battery cells 2 are arranged longitudinally in the accommodating cavity 101 of the battery shell 1. The spacing frame 7 is arranged between the two adjacent battery cells 2 arranged longitudinally, and the spacing frame 7 has a second isolation gap 701. During the working process of the battery pack, the spacing frame 7 plays a role in separating and fixing the battery cells 2. The second isolation gap 701 is beneficial to the heat dissipation between the battery cells 2, improving the longitudinal cooling effect of the battery cells 2. It can avoid direct contact and extrusion between adjacent battery cells 2, reduce the wear and failure risk of the battery cells 2. When the battery cells 2 are damaged and swell, the second isolation gap 701 provides a certain space for the swelling of the battery cells 2, reducing the risk of more serious damage or even explosion caused by the extrusion of the battery cells 2 due to swelling. It enhances the stability of the arrangement of the battery cells 2, preventing displacement and collision of the battery cells 2 during use. The spacing frame 7 and the bottom frame 6 can be an integrated structure or a split structure. The split structure can adapt to more complex installation environment, and the integrated structure can improve the production and installation efficiency.

[0054] Further, the battery shell 1 is arranged in the placement space 801 of the arrangement frame 8, and the placement space 801 is provided with a smoke exhaust port 802.

[0055] In this embodiment, the plurality of battery shells 1 are arranged in space by the arrangement frame 8, which improves the space utilization and enables the energy storage system to accommodate more battery packs in a limited space, thereby increasing the energy storage capacity. Reasonable arrangement helps to optimize the connection and management between battery packs, reduces the complexity and failure rate of the system, facilitates centralized monitoring and maintenance of battery packs, and improves the operation and maintenance efficiency. Flexible arrangement can adapt to different installation environments and needs, improving the versatility of the energy storage system. The smoke exhaust port 802 of the placement space 801 can timely exhaust smoke when needed.

[0056] Further, the smoke exhaust valve 5 is arranged on the smoke exhaust port 802.

[0057] In this embodiment, when an abnormality occurs inside the energy storage system, such as a serious situation of thermal runaway, smoke and gas generated can be exhausted through the smoke exhaust port 802. Under normal circumstances, the smoke exhaust valve 5 is in a closed state; under abnormal circumstances, the smoke exhaust valve 5 is opened. The arrangement of the smoke exhaust port 802 and the smoke exhaust valve 5 can timely exhaust smoke and harmful gas generated abnormally inside the energy storage system, reducing the safety risk. Effectively avoid the accumulation of smoke and harmful gas inside the energy storage system, reduce the damage to the battery cell 2 and other components. Improve the safety of the energy storage system under abnormal conditions, and gain time for personnel evacuation and emergency treatment. The smoke exhaust valve 5 can remain closed under normal circumstances to prevent foreign matter from entering the placement space 801, ensuring the normal operating environment of the energy storage system. Enhance the safety protection performance of the energy storage system, and improve the reliability and stability of the entire system.

[0058] Further, the cold machine 9 is arranged in the placement space 801, and the input end and the output end of the cold machine 9 are respectively communicated with the refrigerant outlet 102 and the refrigerant inlet 103; the fire-fighting device 10 is arranged in the placement space 801.

[0059] In this embodiment, when the energy storage system is working, the refrigerator 9 is running, the refrigerant flows out from the refrigerant outlet 102 into the refrigerator 9 and is cooled, and then flows out from the output end of the refrigerator 9 and returns to the containing cavity 101 of the battery shell 1 through the refrigerant inlet 103, forming a cooling cycle of the refrigerant. When the energy storage system has a fire hazard or a fire, the fire extinguishing device 10 is started to extinguish the fire. The arrangement of the refrigerator 9 can more efficiently cool the refrigerant, further improve the heat dissipation effect of the battery pack, ensure that the energy storage system can still maintain a suitable temperature when running under high load, and prolong the service life and improve the performance of the battery. The communication mode of the refrigerant outlet 102 and the refrigerant inlet 103 makes the cooling cycle of the refrigerant more smooth and controllable, which is conducive to accurately adjusting the temperature of the energy storage system. The arrangement of the fire extinguishing device 10 greatly improves the safety of the energy storage system, can respond in time in the early stage of fire, and reduces the loss. The ability of the energy storage system to respond to emergencies is enhanced, and the damage degree of the entire system caused by accidents such as fire is reduced.

[0060] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limited. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application. They should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A fully immersed battery structure, characterized by, The battery shell (1) has a containing cavity (101); a plurality of electric cores (2) are arranged in the containing cavity (101); a cold plate (3) is arranged in the containing cavity (101), and the cold plate (3) is located between two adjacent electric cores (2); the cold plate (3) has a refrigerant cavity (301) therein, and a refrigerant is arranged to flow in the refrigerant cavity (301). Further comprising: A cooling medium (4) is uniformly distributed in the containing cavity (101). The cooling medium (4) is a gas or a liquid.

2. A fully immersed battery structure according to claim 1, wherein, The containing cavity (101) has a refrigerant outlet (102) and a refrigerant inlet (103), both of which are in communication with the refrigerant cavity (301), and the refrigerant is circulated between the refrigerant outlet (102), the refrigerant cavity (301) and the refrigerant inlet (103). A plurality of longitudinally arranged electric cores (2) form a longitudinal battery group (201), a plurality of groups of the longitudinal battery group (201) are arranged in a transverse direction, the cold plate (3) is arranged vertically, and the cold plate (3) is arranged between every two adjacent groups of the longitudinal battery group (201).

3. A fully immersed battery structure according to claim 2, wherein, Further comprising:

4. The fully immersed battery structure of claim 2, wherein, A chassis (6) is arranged on the bottom wall of the containing cavity (101), a plurality of electric cores (2) are arranged on the chassis (6), and a first isolation gap (601) is formed between the chassis (6) and the bottom wall of the containing cavity (101).

5. The fully immersed battery structure of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising:

6. The fully immersed battery structure of claim 1, wherein, A spacing frame (7) is arranged between two adjacent electric cores (2) arranged in a longitudinal direction, and the spacing frame (7) has a second isolation gap (701). The battery shell (1) is a plurality of battery shells, further comprising:

7. The fully immersed battery structure of claim 1, wherein, An arrangement frame (8) has a placing space (801), the battery shell (1) is arranged in the placing space (801), and the placing space (801) has a smoke outlet (802). Further comprising:

8. The fully immersed battery structure of claim 4, wherein, A smoke valve (5) is arranged on the smoke outlet (802). Further comprising:

9. A fully immersed battery structure according to claim 8, wherein, A cooling machine (9) is arranged in the placing space (801), and an input end and an output end of the cooling machine (9) are in communication with the refrigerant outlet (102) and the refrigerant inlet (103), respectively; A fire-fighting device (10) is arranged in the placing space (801).

10. The fully immersed battery structure of claim 8, wherein, ​ ​ ​

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