Dynamic monitoring device for relative displacement and shear stress of coal mine tunnel

Abstract

The utility model relates to a coal mine tunnel relative displacement and shear stress dynamic monitoring device, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine tunnel deformation monitoring. The utility model aims to provide the dynamic monitoring device for the relative displacement and the shear stress of the coal mine tunnel, which can accurately reflect and visually observe the deformation condition of the tunnel and the shear stress conditions in the horizontal and vertical directions, and can quickly formulate the maintenance measures of the tunnel. According to the technical scheme, a first range finder fixing rod is fixed to one side of a roadway, and a first range finder is fixed to the first range finder fixing rod; the second range finder fixing rod is fixed on the bottom plate or the top plate, and the second range finder is fixed on the second range finder fixing rod; the first data observation board is fixed on a lane side opposite to the first range finder, and the second data observation board is fixed on a top plate or a bottom plate opposite to the second range finder; and both the first data observation board and the second data observation board are provided with cross scales. The device is used for monitoring the relative displacement and shear stress of the roadway.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a coal mine roadway relative displacement and shearing stress dynamic monitoring device belongs to coal mine roadway deformation monitoring technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] The coal mine roadway surface displacement is the important content of the roadway mine pressure observation, which comprehensively reflects the influence of various production factors after coupling on the roadway surrounding rock, and is the most intuitive deformation of the roadway surrounding rock, therefore, the roadway surface displacement observation becomes the most basic mine pressure observation item, and the roadway surface displacement monitoring mainly includes the relative displacement of two sides, the relative displacement of the roof and floor, the roof subsidence, the floor heave and the like.

[0003] At present, the surface displacement observation used in the mine is the cross intersection method, that is, four drill holes are constructed in the vertical line direction and the waist line horizontal direction of the roadway roof and floor, then the wood piles matched with the drill hole diameter and depth are driven into the holes. The end portions of the roof and left side wood piles are provided with the bent measuring nails, the end portions of the floor and right side wood piles are provided with the flat head measuring nails, and the measuring cotton ropes are arranged on the flat head measuring nails. The two side measuring points are connected by the measuring cotton rope between the measuring points, the roof and floor measuring points are connected, and the tape measure is used for measurement. This surface displacement observation method can only observe the relative displacement of two sides, the relative displacement of the roof and floor, the roof subsidence and the floor heave, cannot detect the relative displacement between the two sides and the roof and floor of the roadway, and the measurement process is relatively complicated, and has certain disadvantages. The stress conditions of the roadway cannot be well reflected. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a coal mine roadway relative displacement and shearing stress dynamic monitoring device which can accurately reflect the roadway deformation conditions and the shearing stress conditions in the horizontal and vertical directions, and can quickly develop the roadway maintenance measures.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme, a coal mine roadway relative displacement and shearing stress dynamic monitoring device, comprising a first range finder, a first range finder fixing rod, a second range finder, a second range finder fixing rod, a first data observation card and a second data observation card.

[0006] The first range finder fixing rod is fixed in the measuring point drill hole on the roadway side roadway side, and the first range finder is fixed on the end head of the first range finder fixing rod exposed outside the roadway side.

[0007] The second range finder fixing rod is fixed in the measuring point drill hole on the floor or roof, and the second range finder is fixed on the end head of the second range finder fixing rod exposed outside the roadway side.

[0008] The first data observation card is fixed on the roadway side opposite to the first range finder, and the second data observation card is fixed on the roof or floor opposite to the second range finder.

[0009] The first data observation board and the second data observation board are provided with cross scales;

[0010] The light spot of the first range finder is located at the origin of the cross scale on the first data observation board, and the light spot of the second range finder is located at the origin of the cross scale on the second data observation board.

[0011] The first data observation board and the second data observation board are divided into a safe area, a warning area and a danger area.

[0012] The scales located in the safe area, the warning area and the danger area on the cross scales of the first data observation board and the second data observation board are marked with different colors.

[0013] The first range finder fixing rod comprises a stable rod, a mounting rod, a barb-shaped harrow claw and a locking nut, the barb-shaped harrow claw is fixed at one end of the stable rod, a fork-shaped opening is formed at the other end of the stable rod, one end of the mounting rod is connected with the first range finder through screw threads, the other end of the mounting rod is flat and is inserted into the fork-shaped opening, a bolt is connected with the nut after penetrating through the fork-shaped opening and the flat end of the mounting rod to fasten the two, and an external thread is formed on the stable rod near the fork-shaped opening;

[0014] One end of the barb-shaped harrow claw fixed by the stable rod is located in the measuring point drill hole on the roadway side, the locking nut is connected with the stable rod through screw threads and is pressed on the roadway side, and an anti-loosening washer is arranged between the locking nut and the roadway side;

[0015] The structure of the second range finder fixing rod is the same as that of the first range finder fixing rod.

[0016] The structure of the first range finder fixing rod can also comprise a fixing rod and a connecting rod, one end of the fixing rod is inserted into the measuring point drill hole on the roadway side and is bonded by an adhesive, the other end of the fixing rod is provided with a fork-shaped opening, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the first range finder through screw threads, and the other end of the connecting rod is flat and is inserted into the fork-shaped opening, and a bolt is connected with a nut after penetrating through the fork-shaped opening and the flat end of the mounting rod to fasten the two.

[0017] The structure of the second range finder fixing rod is the same as that of the first range finder fixing rod.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects.

[0019] 1、The utility model discloses can not only quick, convenient, accurate read out the related data of roadway deformation, can also accurately reflect the shear stress of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the coal mine roadway in real time. In addition, through the partition setting of different colors on two data observation boards, not only can the roadway deformation and stress condition be observed quickly and directly, but also the maintenance measures for the roadway deformation can be conveniently formulated according to the area where the laser light spot is located.

[0020] 2、The utility model discloses a barb type harrow claw set up on two range finders fixed rods, which is arranged in the measuring point drill hole, can effectively prevent the loosening and damage of the measuring point, and avoids the inaccuracy of data caused by the measuring point. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of the drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the first data observation card in the utility model.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of the first range finder fixed rod in the first embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of the first range finder fixed rod in the second embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a roadway relative displacement observation data analysis chart drawn according to the utility model. Figure 1 .

[0027] Figure 6 It is a roadway relative displacement observation data analysis chart drawn according to the utility model. Figure 2 .

[0028] Figure 7 It is a roadway relative displacement observation data analysis chart drawn according to the utility model. Figure 3 .

[0029] In the drawing, 1 is a first range finder, 2 is a first range finder fixed rod, 21 is a stabilizing rod, 22 is a mounting rod, 23 is a barb type harrow claw, 24 is a locking nut, 25 is an anti-loosening washer, 26 is a fixed rod, 27 is a connecting rod, 3 is a second range finder, 4 is a second range finder fixed rod, 5 is a first data observation card, 6 is a second data observation card, 7 is a safety zone, 8 is a warning zone, and 9 is a danger zone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model are clearly and completely described in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the ordinary skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the utility model.

[0031] It is to be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes and the like shown in the drawings of the specification are merely used to understand and read the disclosed content by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the utility model, and therefore do not have technical substantive significance. Any modification of structure, change of proportional relationship or adjustment of size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the utility model, should still fall within the scope of the disclosed technical content of the utility model. It should be noted that in the specification, relationship terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity from another entity, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between the entities.

[0032] The utility model provides the following embodiments.

[0033] Embodiment one

[0034] As Figure 1 shown, the utility model relates to a coal mine tunnel relative displacement and shearing stress dynamic monitoring device, including first range finder 1, first range finder fixed link 2, second range finder 3, second range finder fixed link 4, first data observation card 5 and second data observation card 6;

[0035] The first range finder fixed link 2 is fixed in the measuring point drill hole on the roadway side roadway, and the first range finder 1 is fixed on the end head of the first range finder fixed link 2 exposed outside the roadway;

[0036] The second range finder fixed link 4 is fixed in the measuring point drill hole on the floor or roof, and the second range finder 3 is fixed on the end head of the second range finder fixed link 4 exposed outside the roadway;

[0037] The first data observation card 5 is fixed on the roadway opposite the first range finder 1, and the second data observation card 6 is fixed on the roof or floor opposite the second range finder 3;

[0038] The first data observation card 5, the second data observation card 6 are all provided with cross scale;

[0039] The light spot of the first range finder 1 is located at the origin of the cross scale on the first data observation card 5, and the light spot of the second range finder 3 is located at the origin of the cross scale on the second data observation card 6.

[0040] As Figure 2 The first data observation card 5 and the second data observation card 6 are divided into a safety area 7, a warning area 8 and a danger area 9.

[0041] The scales in the safety area 7, the warning area 8 and the danger area 9 on the cross scales of the first data observation card 5 and the second data observation card 6 are marked with different colors.

[0042] As Figure 3 The first distance meter fixing rod 2 includes a stable rod 21, a mounting rod 22, a barb-shaped harrow claw 23 and a locking nut 24, the barb-shaped harrow claw 23 is fixed at one end of the stable rod 21, a fork-shaped opening is formed at the other end of the stable rod 21, one end of the mounting rod 22 is connected with the first distance meter 1 through screw threads, the other end of the mounting rod 22 is flat and is inserted into the fork-shaped opening, a bolt is connected with a nut after passing through the fork-shaped opening and the flat end of the mounting rod 22 to fasten the two, an external thread is formed on the stable rod 21 near the fork-shaped opening;

[0043] One end of the stable rod 21 fixed with the barb-shaped harrow claw 23 is located in the measuring point drill hole on the roadway side, the locking nut 24 is connected with the stable rod 21 through screw threads and is pressed on the roadway side, the locking nut 24 is provided with a lock washer 25 between the locking nut 24 and the roadway side;

[0044] The structure of the second distance meter fixing rod 4 is the same as that of the first distance meter fixing rod 2.

[0045] The first distance meter 1 and the second distance meter 3 are YHJ200J type laser distance meters.

[0046] In the embodiment, the mounting method of the two distance meter fixing rods is that one end of the stable rod 21 provided with the barb-shaped harrow claw 23 is inserted into the measuring point drill hole, the locking nut 24 is tightened, the lock washer is tightly attached to the roadway side, the two distance meters are mounted on the mounting rods 22 of the two distance meter fixing rods, the angle of the mounting rod 22 is adjusted and then fastened and fixed by a bolt and a nut.

[0047] Embodiment two

[0048] In the coal mine roadway relative displacement and shear stress dynamic monitoring device, as Figure 4 The first distance meter fixing rod 2 includes a fixing rod 26 and a connecting rod 27, one end of the fixing rod 26 is inserted into the measuring point drill hole on the roadway side and is attached by an adhesive, the other end of the fixing rod 26 is provided with a fork-shaped opening, one end of the connecting rod 27 is connected with the first distance meter 1 through screw threads, the other end of the connecting rod 27 is flat and is inserted into the fork-shaped opening, a bolt is connected with a nut after passing through the fork-shaped opening and the flat end of the connecting rod 27 to fasten the two;

[0049] The structure of the second rangefinder fixing rod 4 is the same as that of the first rangefinder fixing rod 2.

[0050] The rest of the structure is the same as in Example 1.

[0051] In this invention, the first data observation plate 5 and the second data observation plate 6 are made of aluminum alloy. Each quadrant on their crosshairs is 300mm horizontally and 300mm vertically. The area from 0-100mm is a green safety zone 7, 100-200mm is a yellow warning zone 8, and 200-300mm is a red danger zone 9. These dimensions can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0052] The method of using this utility model is as follows:

[0053] 1. The surface displacement of the surrounding rock shall be set up according to the on-site monitoring requirements, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the surface displacement monitoring sections are installed using a cross-point layout method. Data observation boards are installed on the tunnel roof and one side of the tunnel wall, while rangefinder fixing rods are installed on the tunnel floor and the other side of the tunnel wall. During installation, the rangefinder fixing rods must be perpendicular to the opposite tunnel wall or roof.

[0054] 2. Install the two rangefinders on the two rangefinder mounting rods respectively. After turning on the power, the two rangefinders will project light spots onto the opposite side wall and roof respectively.

[0055] 3. Install two data observation boards. When installing, pay attention to the following: they should be perpendicular to the tunnel, and the light spot must coincide with the origin of the corresponding cross scale.

[0056] 4. Observers regularly record the X and Y axis readings of the light spot positions on the two data observation boards and draw an analysis chart of the relative displacement observation data of the roadway.

[0057] 5. Based on the location of the light spot, the observer can immediately determine the stress condition of the tunnel and take corresponding tunnel maintenance and rectification measures according to the location.

[0058] The following is an explanation of data analysis and tunnel maintenance measures.

[0059] Data Analysis: The observation data from the measuring points are plotted according to displacement changes to create a relative displacement data chart for the roadway. The plotted curve represents the relative displacement curve of the roadway after deformation under shear stress. The relative displacement curve will show [various characteristics]. Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 Three similar outcomes.

[0060] 1. If the relative displacement curve is similar to... Figure 5 Similarly, when the laser spot moves significantly in the X-axis direction, it indicates that the roadway is subjected to significant horizontal shear stress.

[0061] 2、as the relative displacement curve and Figure 6 The greater the movement of the laser spot in the Y-axis direction, the greater the horizontal shear stress of the roadway.

[0062] 3、as the relative displacement curve and Figure 7 The difference between the movement of the laser spot in the X-axis and Y-axis directions is small, indicating that the horizontal and vertical shear stresses of the roadway are not significantly different.

[0063] Roadway maintenance measures:

[0064] 1、When the laser spot is located in the safety zone 7, it indicates that the roadway deformation is within the allowable deformation range, ensuring that the original support of the roadway is intact and effective.

[0065] 2、When the laser spot is located in the warning zone 8, the roadway deformation area needs to be reinforced, such as: ①, expanding the roadway deformation area, pulling the bottom, and other pressure relief operations; ②, setting up full-anchor anchor rods or reinforcing anchor cables for support.

[0066] 3、When the laser spot is located in the danger zone 9, the roadway deformation area needs to be reinforced, such as: ①, hydraulic fracturing to cut the roof and relieve pressure; ②, roadway anchor cable reinforcement support; ③, setting up π-type steel and hydraulic single-column support.

[0067] The above is only the preferred specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any skilled person in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dynamic monitoring device for relative displacement and shear stress in coal mine roadways, characterized in that: The application relates to a distance measuring device for mine roadway, which comprises a first distance measuring device (1), a first distance measuring device fixing rod (2), a second distance measuring device (3), a second distance measuring device fixing rod (4), a first data observation board (5) and a second data observation board (6). The first distance measuring device fixing rod (2) is fixed in a measuring point drill hole on a roadway side, and the first distance measuring device (1) is fixed on the end of the first distance measuring device fixing rod (2) exposed outside the roadway side. The second distance measuring device fixing rod (4) is fixed in a measuring point drill hole on a floor or a roof, and the second distance measuring device (3) is fixed on the end of the second distance measuring device fixing rod (4) exposed outside the roadway side. The first data observation board (5) is fixed on the roadway side opposite to the first distance measuring device (1), and the second data observation board (6) is fixed on the roof or the floor opposite to the second distance measuring device (3). Cross scales are arranged on the first data observation board (5) and the second data observation board (6). The light spot of the first distance measuring device (1) is located at the origin of the cross scale on the first data observation board (5), and the light spot of the second distance measuring device (3) is located at the origin of the cross scale on the second data observation board (6).

2. The coal mine roadway relative displacement and shear stress dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first data observation board (5) and the second data observation board (6) are divided into a safety area (7), a warning area (8) and a danger area (9).

3. The coal mine roadway relative displacement and shear stress dynamic monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scales in the safety area (7), the warning area (8) and the danger area (9) are marked with different colors on the cross scales of the first data observation board (5) and the second data observation board (6).

4. The coal mine roadway relative displacement and shear stress dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first distance measuring device fixing rod (2) comprises a stable rod (21), a mounting rod (22), a barb-shaped harrow claw (23) and a locking nut (24), one end of the stable rod (21) is fixed with the barb-shaped harrow claw (23), the other end is provided with a fork-shaped opening, one end of the mounting rod (22) is connected with the first distance measuring device (1) through screw threads, the other end is flat and is inserted into the fork-shaped opening, a bolt is connected with a nut after penetrating through the fork-shaped opening and the flat end of the mounting rod (22) to fasten the two, and an external thread is formed on the stable rod (21) near the fork-shaped opening; One end of the stable rod (21) fixed with the barb-shaped harrow claw (23) is located in the measuring point drill hole on the roadway side, the locking nut (24) is connected with the stable rod (21) through screw threads and is pressed on the roadway side, and an anti-loosening washer (25) is arranged between the locking nut (24) and the roadway side; The structure of the second distance measuring device fixing rod (4) is the same as that of the first distance measuring device fixing rod (2).

5. The coal mine roadway relative displacement and shear stress dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first distance measuring device fixing rod (2) comprises a fixing rod (26) and a connecting rod (27), one end of the fixing rod (26) is inserted into the measuring point drill hole on the roadway side and is bonded with an adhesive, the other end is provided with a fork-shaped opening, one end of the connecting rod (27) is connected with the first distance measuring device (1) through screw threads, and the other end is flat and is inserted into the fork-shaped opening; and a bolt is connected with a nut after penetrating through the fork-shaped opening and the flat end of the connecting rod (27) to fasten the two. The structure of the second distance measuring device fixing rod (4) is the same as that of the first distance measuring device fixing rod (2).

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